Multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology, in particular to a multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process, including pre-dust removal treatment; desulfurization treatment; intermediate dust removal treatment; denitrification treatment; demisting treatment; a dust removal and separation device 1 has the same structure as a dust removal and separation device 2, both of which include a group of cyclone dust removal components and two groups of bag dust removal components, and the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal component is connected with a diversion component, and the diversion component is periodically connected to one of the input pipes of the two groups of bag dust removal components. The present invention can combine a cyclone dust collector with a bag dust collector by coordinating the pre-dust removal treatment process, the intermediate dust removal treatment process, and the dust removal and separation device 1 and the dust removal and separation device 2, and eliminate blockage without introducing external compressed air by combining vibration separation of solids with negative pressure extraction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitration waste gas treatment process. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the industrial waste gas treatment process mainly involves adding desulfurization solution and denitration solution to the desulfurization and denitration equipment to react with the waste gas to separate harmful substances during the desulfurization and denitration process. Generally, pretreatment is performed before desulfurization and denitration to remove large particles, dust, oil mist, etc. in the waste gas to prevent these impurities from clogging or damaging the subsequent desulfurization and denitration equipment.

[0003] For example, the patent with the publication number "CN116870689 A" discloses an "integrated process for dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification of industrial waste gas", which first performs dust removal pretreatment before desulfurization and denitrification. Desulfurization pretreatment mainly removes particulate matter and dust to prevent these impurities from clogging the absorption tower and affecting chemical reactions. Denitrification pretreatment also requires the removal of particulate matter and dust, but more importantly, it is necessary to remove impurities that may affect the activity of the catalyst, such as sulfur compounds, heavy metals, etc. Common dust removal devices include cyclone dust collectors and bag dust collectors, but cyclone dust collectors can generally only remove solid impurities with relatively large particle size and concentration, and are inconvenient to remove dust with smaller particle size. Although bag dust collectors can remove dust impurities with smaller particle size, they are prone to blockage after long-term use, especially when the impurity particle size and concentration are large, they are more prone to blockage. Using them alone to remove solid impurities is inefficient. In addition, when the filter bag of the bag filter is unblocked, compressed air needs to be injected into the filter bag to remove the dust blocking the surface of the filter bag. This process not only interrupts the dust removal and affects the dust removal efficiency, but also the industrial waste gas is generally at a higher temperature. Therefore, the injected compressed air can easily cause the inside of the filter bag to become damp and condense due to the temperature difference. Summary of the invention

[0004] Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the present application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the low dust removal efficiency in the above-mentioned prior art and the problem that the bag filter is easily blocked by dust and easily dampened and condensed when the bag filter surface is blocked, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process.

[0007] In order to solve the technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process, comprising:

[0008] Pre-dust removal treatment: send the industrial waste gas to the dust removal and separation device for gas-solid separation treatment, separate the solid impurities in the waste gas to obtain the dust-free gas;

[0009] Desulfurization treatment: The dust-removed gas is transported to the desulfurization tower, where the gas reacts with the desulfurization solution in the desulfurization tower to remove sulfur dioxide from the gas and obtain desulfurized gas;

[0010] Intermediate dust removal treatment: The desulfurized gas is sent to the second dust removal and separation device for gas-solid separation again, and the solid impurities in the exhaust gas are separated to obtain the desulfurized gas after dust removal;

[0011] Denitration treatment: The desulfurized gas after dust removal is sent to the denitration tower, where the gas and the denitrifier are mixed and reacted in the denitration reaction tower to reduce the nitrogen oxides in the gas to nitrogen and water to obtain denitrated gas;

[0012] Demisting treatment: send the denitrified gas into the demisting device, remove the mist in the gas, and then discharge the gas;

[0013] The dust removal and separation device 1 has the same structure as the dust removal and separation device 2, and both include a cyclone dust removal assembly and two bag dust removal assemblies. The output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly is connected to a flow splitter assembly, and the flow splitter assembly is periodically connected to one of the input pipes of the two bag dust removal assemblies.

[0014] The bag dust removal assembly includes a box body and a plurality of groups of filter bags arranged in the box body, one side of the box body is provided with an outlet pipe 1 connected to the inside of each group of filter bags, used to discharge the dust-removed gas, the other side of the box body is provided with a vibrating component connected to the filter bags, and a second outlet pipe 2 is provided between the box body and the outer wall of each group of filter bags, used to discharge solid impurities;

[0015] The second air outlet pipe is connected to the cyclone dust removal assembly through the exhaust duct. The solid impurities adhered to the surface of the filter bag are separated from the filter bag by the vibration and shaking of the vibrating component. Then the separated solid impurities are transported to the cyclone dust removal assembly together with the gas through the second air outlet pipe and the exhaust duct.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process described in the present invention, wherein: the cyclone dust removal assembly includes a tower body, a dust removal component arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and an air intake pipe arranged on one side of the tower body, the tower body includes a cylindrical bin and a conical bin distributed in sequence from top to bottom, the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly extends from the top of the cylindrical bin to the conical bin, the dust removal component is connected to the bottom end of the conical bin, the exhaust pipe and the air intake pipe are both connected to the cylindrical bin and the connection is tangent to the surface of the cylindrical bin.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention, the diverter assembly includes a diverter pipe connected to the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly, the two sides of the diverter pipe are respectively connected to the input pipes of two groups of bag dust removal assemblies, a spherical communicating vessel is rotatably connected in the diverter pipe, and a driving component for driving the spherical communicating vessel to rotate is provided between the diverter pipe and the spherical communicating vessel.

[0018] The spherical communicating vessel is provided with a first connecting port on one side close to the output pipe of the cyclone dust collection component, and a second connecting port adapted to the input pipe of the bag dust collection component is provided on the other side of the spherical communicating vessel. The second connecting port follows the rotation of the spherical communicating vessel and is periodically connected to one of the input pipes of the two groups of bag dust collection components.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process described in the present invention, the diversion component also includes a pressure sensing part arranged in the spherical communicating vessel, and the pressure sensing part is connected to the driving component. When the pressure sensing part detects that the pressure value exceeds the set value, the driving component drives the connecting port 2 to switch and connect with the input pipeline of the bag dust removal component.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process described in the present invention, the driving component includes a through groove coaxial with the rotation center of the spherical communicating vessel, the inner wall of the through groove is provided with a guide groove formed by an inward depression, a driving rod is provided through the through groove, and a guide column adapted to the guide groove is provided on one side of the driving rod, the driving rod can slide relative to the through groove, and the spherical communicating vessel is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the guide column and the guide groove during the sliding process of the driving rod.

[0021] As a preferred scheme of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process described in the present invention, wherein: the guide groove includes two groups of arc segments with the same shape and a span of 180°, the head and tail ends of the arc segments have different heights, and a vertically arranged strip segment is connected between the higher end of one group of arc segments and the lower end of the other group of arc segments, the strip segment extends downward relative to the lower end of the arc segment, and a limit member for limiting the movement of the guide column is provided on the side of the strip segment close to the lower end of the arc segment.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention, wherein: the pressure sensing part comprises a pressure-bearing plug arranged at the end of the driving rod, and a return spring is connected between the pressure-bearing plug and the spherical communicating vessel;

[0023] The limiting member includes an avoidance groove provided on one side of the strip segment and a blocking plate rotatably connected in the avoidance groove. The upper surface of the arc segment is provided with a limiting notch for limiting the movement of the blocking plate. A torsion spring is connected between the rotating shaft of the blocking plate and the avoidance groove.

[0024] The blocking plate is rotated outward from the avoidance groove under the torsion force of the torsion spring and is blocked by the limiting notch, and the lower surface of the blocking plate when blocked by the limiting notch is adapted to the shape of the upper surface of the arc segment.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process described in the present invention, the filter bags are arranged in a rectangular display manner, the interior of the box is provided with mounting grooves adapted to each group of filter bags, a support frame is installed in the filter bag, the vibration component includes a drive motor arranged on the outside of the box, the output end of the drive motor is connected to a transmission wheel, the outside of the box is provided with a plurality of driven wheels adapted to the array-arranged filter bags, a transmission belt is connected between the transmission wheel and each group of driven wheels, and a reciprocating drive member connected to each group of support frames is provided on one side of the rotating shaft of the transmission wheel and the driven wheel.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process described in the present invention, the reciprocating drive member includes a driving block connected to the rotating shaft of the driving wheel and the driven wheel, one side of the driving block is rotatably connected to a connecting block, one side of the connecting block is rotatably connected to a pressing block, and the pressing block is slidably connected to the support frame.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the multi-stage reactive desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process described in the present invention, the support frame includes a support shaft fixedly connected to the filter bag, and movable rods and fixed rods connected to the filter bag are spaced apart on the surface of the support shaft to support and maintain the shape of the filter bag. A connecting sleeve is slidably connected to the outer wall of the support shaft, and the two ends of the movable rod are rotatably connected to the filter bag and the connecting sleeve respectively, and the pressing block is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention: the present invention cooperates with the pre-dust removal treatment process, the intermediate dust removal treatment process and the dust removal and separation device 1 and the dust removal and separation device 2, so that the cyclone dust collector and the bag dust collector can be used in combination, and the blockage can be eliminated without introducing external compressed air by combining vibration separation of solids and negative pressure. This solves the problem of low dust removal efficiency in the prior art and the problem that the bag dust collector is easily affected by moisture and condensation when removing dust blockage on the surface of the filter bag. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a dust removal and separation device 1 and a dust removal and separation device 2 for a multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bag dust removal component of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cyclone dust removal component of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the diversion component of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the diversion component of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A is shown.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the guide trough of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the guide trough of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention at another angle.

[0038] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B is shown.

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vibration components of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support frame of the multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C is shown.

[0042] Fig.13 For the present invention Fig.11 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at D is shown.

[0043] In the figure: M1, dust removal and separation device 1; M2, dust removal and separation device 2; 100, cyclone dust removal assembly; 101, tower body; 101a, columnar bin; 101b, conical bin; 102, dust removal component; 103, air inlet duct; 200, bag dust removal assembly; 201, box body; 202, filter bag; 202a, support frame; 202a-1, support shaft; 202a-2, moving rod; 202a-3, fixed rod; 202a-4, connecting sleeve; 203, air outlet pipe 1; 204, vibrating component; 204a, driving motor; 204b, transmission wheel; 204c, driven wheel; 204d, transmission belt; 204e, reciprocating drive member; 20 4e-1, driving block; 204e-2, connecting block; 204e-3, pressing block; 300, shunt assembly; 301, shunt pipe; 302, spherical communicating vessel; 302a, connecting port one; 302b, connecting port two; 303, driving component; 303a, through groove; 303b, guide groove; 303b-1, arc segment; 303b-2, strip segment; 303c, driving rod; 303d, guide column; 304, pressure sensing part; 304a, pressure-bearing plug; 304b, reset spring; 305, limiting member; 305a, avoidance groove; 305b, blocking plate; 305c, limiting notch; 305d, torsion spring; 400, exhaust duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process, which includes the following steps: pre-dust removal treatment, desulfurization treatment, intermediate dust removal treatment, denitrification treatment and demisting treatment.

[0049] First, the industrial waste gas is sent to a dust removal and separation device M1 for gas-solid separation treatment, and the solid impurities in the waste gas are separated to obtain dust-removed gas. Then, the dust-removed gas is transported to a desulfurization tower, and the gas is reacted with a desulfurization solution in the desulfurization tower to remove sulfur dioxide in the gas to obtain desulfurized gas. Then, the desulfurized gas is sent to a dust removal and separation device M2 for gas-solid separation treatment again, and the solid impurities in the waste gas are separated to obtain dust-removed desulfurized gas. Then, the dust-removed desulfurized gas is sent to a denitrification tower, and the gas and the denitrification agent are mixed and reacted in the denitrification reaction tower to reduce the nitrogen oxides in the gas to nitrogen and water to obtain denitrified gas. Finally, the denitrified gas is sent to a demisting device to remove the mist in the gas and then discharge the gas.

[0050] Specifically, the dust removal separation device 1 M1 and the dust removal separation device 2 M2 have the same structure, and both include a cyclone dust removal assembly 100 and two groups of bag dust removal assemblies 200. The output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly 100 is connected to a diverter assembly 300, and the diverter assembly 300 is periodically connected to one of the input pipes of the two groups of bag dust removal assemblies 200. The division here into the dust removal separation device 1 M1 and the dust removal separation device 2 M2 is to distinguish between the pre-dust removal treatment and the intermediate dust removal treatment. Although the dust removal devices of the two have the same structure, they are not the same device to prevent secondary pollution. When one group of bag dust removal assemblies 200 is blocked and removed, the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly 100 can be switched to be connected to the other group of bag dust removal assemblies 200, so that the exhaust gas dust removal process is continuous and uninterrupted.

[0051] Furthermore, the bag dust removal assembly 200 includes a box body 201 and a plurality of groups of filter bags 202 arranged in the box body 201. One side of the box body 201 is provided with an outlet pipe 1 203 connected to the inside of each group of filter bags 202 for discharging the dust-removed gas. The other side of the box body 201 is provided with a vibrating component 204 connected to the filter bags 202. An outlet pipe 205 is provided between the box body 201 and the outer wall of each group of filter bags 202 for discharging solid impurities. The outlet pipe 205 is connected to the box body, and the solid impurities separated by vibration from each group of filter bags 202 can be extracted simultaneously with the gas. The second outlet pipe 205 can be directly connected to another unloading device to directly discharge the gas containing high concentration of impurities, but the exhaust gas therein will be discharged together. Therefore, in this embodiment, the second outlet pipe 205 is preferably connected to the cyclone dust removal component 100 through the exhaust duct 400. Since the exhaust gas extracted from the second outlet pipe 205 contains a high content of solid impurities, the solid impurities can be efficiently separated by connecting it to the cyclone dust removal component 100.

[0052] The solid impurities adhering to the surface of the filter bag 202 are separated from the filter bag 202 by the vibration of the vibration component 204, and then the separated solid impurities are transported to the cyclone dust removal assembly 100 together with the gas through the second outlet pipe 205 and the exhaust pipe 400. The vibration component 204 is started to make the filter bag 202 vibrate and shake, and then the dust blocked on the surface of the filter bag 202 is shaken off and separated, until the space between the outer wall of the filter bag 202 and the box body 201 is filled with high-concentration solid impurities, and then the exhaust pipe 400 is started to transport the gas containing high-concentration solid impurities into the columnar bin 101a through the pipe. After the gas containing high-concentration solid impurities enters the columnar bin 101a, gas-solid separation is performed again.

[0053] Preferably, the cyclone dust removal assembly 100 includes a tower body 101, a dust removal component 102 disposed at the bottom of the tower body 101, and an air intake duct 103 disposed at one side of the tower body 101. The tower body 101 includes a cylindrical bin 101a and a conical bin 101b distributed sequentially from top to bottom. The dust removal component 102 is a prior art. The output duct of the cyclone dust removal assembly 100 extends from the top of the cylindrical bin 101a to the conical bin 101b. The dust removal component 102 is connected to the bottom end of the conical bin 101b. The exhaust duct 400 and the air intake duct 103 are both connected to the cylindrical bin 101a and the connection is tangent to the surface of the cylindrical bin 101a. The duct is tangent to the cylindrical surface, which is convenient for forming a cyclonic flow trajectory. Preferably, the height of the exhaust duct 400 is lower than the height of the air intake duct 103, so that the gas containing high concentration of impurities moves downward with the air flow, avoiding interference with the newly incoming exhaust gas from the air intake duct 103. When the newly incoming exhaust gas spirally flows to the interface of the exhaust duct 400, it is impossible for the exhaust duct 400 to reversely enter the exhaust duct 400 due to the stable negative pressure generated by the startup of the exhaust duct 400, thereby ensuring the stability of the exhaust gas flow trajectory.

[0054] Dust removal process: The industrial waste gas is transported to the inside of the cylindrical bin 101a of the tower body 101 through the air intake pipe 103. The waste gas containing solid impurities rotates downward along the inner wall of the cylindrical bin 101a and flows into the conical bin 101b. Under the action of centrifugal force and inertial force, most of the large particles of solid impurities flow down into the dust removal component 102 at the bottom of the conical bin 101b, and the remaining waste gas containing small particles is discharged outward from the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal component 100, and is transported to a box body 201 of a bag dust removal component 200 after passing through the diversion component 300. The waste gas flows upward from the bottom of the box body 201 through the outer wall of the filter bag 202. The filter bag 202 retains the solid impurities on the outer wall of the filter bag 202, while other waste gas passes through the inside of the filter bag 202, and then passes through the end of the filter bag 202 and is discharged from the outlet pipe 203.

[0055] Eliminate the blocking process of the filter bag 202: When the solid impurities adhering to the outer wall of the filter bag 202 continue to increase, blocking will occur, which will affect the subsequent dust removal efficiency. At this time, the vibration component 204 is started to make the filter bag 202 vibrate and shake, thereby shaking off and separating the dust blocking the surface of the filter bag 202, until a high concentration of solid impurities is filled between the outer wall of the filter bag 202 and the box body 201, and then the exhaust duct 400 is started to transport the gas containing a high concentration of solid impurities into the cylindrical bin 101a through the pipeline. After the gas containing a high concentration of solid impurities enters the cylindrical bin 101a, it is separated from the gas again, and a large amount of solid impurities are collected into the dust removal component 102 at the bottom of the conical bin 101b. The gas from which a large amount of solid impurities have been removed is discharged to the outside through the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal component 100, and is transported to the box body 201 of another group of bag dust removal components 200 after passing through the diversion component 300, so that the exhaust gas is continuously circulated and removed without interrupting the dust removal, and the air with a temperature difference is not connected from the outside during the blocking process of the filter bag 202, thereby solving the problem of easy moisture and condensation.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Reference Figure 1-Figure 9 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. Different from the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a shunt pipe 301, a spherical connecting vessel 302 and a driving component 303, which can periodically connect the corresponding bag dust removal assembly 200 as needed.

[0058] Specifically, the flow splitter assembly 300 includes a flow splitter pipe 301 connected to the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly 100, and the two sides of the flow splitter pipe 301 are respectively connected to the input pipes of the two groups of bag dust removal assemblies 200. A spherical connecting vessel 302 is rotatably connected in the flow splitter pipe 301, and a driving component 303 for driving the spherical connecting vessel 302 to rotate is provided between the flow splitter pipe 301 and the spherical connecting vessel 302. The input pipes of the two groups of bag dust removal assemblies 200 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the flow splitter pipe 301, and the spherical connecting vessels 302 correspond to them respectively after rotation.

[0059] Furthermore, a connecting port 1 302a is provided on one side of the spherical communicating vessel 302 close to the output pipe of the cyclone dust collector assembly 100, and a connecting port 2 302b is provided on the other side of the spherical communicating vessel 302 which is adapted to the input pipe of the bag dust collector assembly 200. The connecting port 2 302b is periodically connected to one of the input pipes of the two groups of bag dust collector assemblies 200 as the spherical communicating vessel 302 rotates.

[0060] The flow dividing component 300 further includes a pressure sensing part 304 disposed in the spherical communicating vessel 302. The pressure sensing part 304 can be set as a common pressure sensor, and then electrically connected to the driving component 303 for control, and a threshold is set for the pressure sensing part 304. When the pressure sensing part 304 detects that the pressure value exceeds the set value, the driving component 303 drives the second connecting port 302b to switch to the input pipe of the bag dust removal component 200. The spherical communicating vessel 302 rotates 180° under the squeezing action of the guide column 303d when the arc segment 303b-1 is squeezed, so that the second connecting port 302b rotates 180° and is connected to the input pipe of another group of bag dust removal components 200.

[0061] Preferably, the driving component 303 includes a through groove 303a coaxial with the rotation center of the spherical communicating vessel 302, the inner wall of the through groove 303a is provided with a guide groove 303b formed by an inward depression, a driving rod 303c is provided through the through groove 303a, and a guide column 303d adapted to the guide groove 303b is provided on one side of the driving rod 303c. The driving rod 303c can slide relative to the through groove 303a, and the spherical communicating vessel 302 is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the guide column 303d and the guide groove 303b during the sliding process of the driving rod 303c.

[0062] Furthermore, the guide groove 303b includes two groups of arc segments 303b-1 of the same shape and a span of 180°. The two groups of arc segments 303b-1 with a span of 180° cooperate so that the spherical communicating vessel 302 performs a reversal every time it rotates 180°, thereby performing a periodic reciprocating switch. The head and tail ends of the arc segments 303b-1 are different in height, and a vertically arranged strip segment 303b-2 is connected between the higher end of one group of arc segments 303b-1 and the lower end of the other group of arc segments 303b-1. The strip segment 303b-2 is lower than the arc segment 303b-1. One end of the spherical communicating vessel 302 extends downward, so that there is a buffer preparation process for the rotation start of the spherical communicating vessel 302. In this way, when the blockage just occurs, although the internal pressure increases, the driving rod 303c and the guide column 303d move upward, but have not entered the arc segment 303b-1 to rotate and switch the spherical communicating vessel 302 until the internal pressure continues to increase. When the blockage is more serious, the guide column 303d moves into the arc segment 303b-1 for rotation and switching, and a limit member 305 for limiting the movement of the guide column 303d is provided on the side of the strip segment 303b-2 close to the lower end of the arc segment 303b-1.

[0063] Among them, the pressure sensing part 304 includes a pressure-bearing plug 304a arranged at the end of the driving rod 303c, and a return spring 304b is connected between the pressure-bearing plug 304a and the spherical communicating vessel 302; the limiting member 305 includes an avoidance groove 305a arranged on one side of the strip segment 303b-2 and a blocking plate 305b rotatably connected in the avoidance groove 305a, and the upper surface of the arc segment 303b-1 is provided with a limiting notch 305c for limiting the movement of the blocking plate 305b, and a torsion spring 305d is connected between the rotating axis of the blocking plate 305b and the avoidance groove 305a. After the blocking plate 305b is rotated outward from the avoidance groove 305a by the torsion force of the torsion spring 305d, it is abutted and blocked by the limiting notch 305c, and the lower surface of the blocking plate 305b when being abutted and blocked by the limiting notch 305c is adapted to the shape of the upper surface of the arc segment 303b-1. During the movement of the guide column 303d in the guide groove 303b, the guide column 303d is first moved upward along the strip segment 303b-2. At this time, the blocking plate 305b abuts against the limiting notch 305c under the action of the torsion spring 305d, and the lower surface of the blocking plate 305b is aligned with the upper surface of the arc segment 303b-1. The guide column 303d moves upward along the strip segment 303b-2, abuts against the blocking plate 305b and moves along the arc segment 303b-1. The spherical communicating vessel 302 rotates under the squeezing action of the guide column 303d on the arc segment 303b-1.

[0064] The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0065] Working principle: In the initial state, the second connecting port 302b of the spherical communicating vessel 302 is connected to the input pipe of one group of bag-type dust collection assemblies 200. When the outer wall of the filter bag 202 of the bag-type dust collection assembly 200 is continuously blocked, as the industrial waste gas continues to enter the tower body 101 through the air intake pipe 103, the waste gas flowing through the filter bag 202 is continuously reduced, so that the air pressure in the spherical communicating vessel 302 is slowly increased, and then the pressure on the pressure-bearing plug 304a at the end of the driving rod 303c is increased, and the pressure-bearing plug 304a drives the driving rod 303c to slide relative to the through groove 303a and compresses the reset spring 304b to contract. During the movement, the driving rod 303c drives the guide column 303d to move along the guide groove 303b.

[0066] Flow diversion switching state: during the movement of the guide column 303d in the guide groove 303b, the guide column 303d is first moved upward along the strip segment 303b-2. At this time, the blocking plate 305b abuts against the limiting notch 305c under the action of the torsion spring 305d, and the lower surface of the blocking plate 305b is aligned with the upper surface of the arc segment 303b-1. The guide column 303d moves upward along the strip segment 303b-2 and then abuts against the blocking plate 305b and moves along the arc segment 303b-1. The spherical communicating vessel 302 rotates 180° under the squeezing action of the guide column 303d on the arc segment 303b-1, so that the second connecting port 302b rotates 180° and is connected to the input pipe of another group of bag dust removal components 200. The filter bag 202 of this group of bag dust removal components 200 is not blocked, so that the pressure in the spherical communicating vessel 302 is reduced, thereby causing the reset spring 303d to reset. The elastic force of the spring 304b is greater than the pressure on the pressure-bearing plug 304a, so the pressure-bearing plug 304a moves in the opposite direction with the driving rod 303c, so that the guide column 303d moves downward along the strip segment 303b-2, and after the guide column 303d passes through the blocking plate 305b, it will squeeze the blocking plate 305b, so that the blocking plate 305b rotates and squeezes the torsion spring 305d to move into the avoidance groove 305a, so that the guide column 303d smoothly moves into the bottom of the strip segment 303b-2, and the blocking plate 305b is reset to abut against the limiting notch 305c under the torsional force of the torsion spring 305d, and rotates 180° again after the filter bag 202 of the bag dust collection assembly 200 is blocked, so that one of the two bag dust collection assemblies 200 and the cyclone dust collection assembly 100 can be automatically periodically connected and switched according to the degree of blockage.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Reference Figure 10-13 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. Different from the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a support frame 202a and a vibration component 204 arranged in the filter bag 202, which can drive each group of filter bags 202 to simultaneously perform vibration separation after being blocked by solid impurities.

[0069] Specifically, multiple groups of filter bags 202 are arranged in a rectangular display manner, a mounting groove adapted to each group of filter bags 202 is provided inside the box 201, a support frame 202a is installed inside the filter bag 202, and a vibration component 204 includes a drive motor 204a arranged outside the box 201, a transmission wheel 204b is connected to the output end of the drive motor 204a, and a plurality of groups of driven wheels 204c adapted to the arrayed filter bags 202 are provided outside the box 201, a transmission belt 204d is connected between the transmission wheel 204b and each group of driven wheels 204c, and a reciprocating drive member 204e connected to each group of support frames 202a is provided on one side of the rotating shaft of the transmission wheel 204b and the driven wheel 204c. The filter bags 202 are arranged in a rectangular array manner, that is, arranged in rows and columns, and the filter bags 202 in the same column are synchronously driven and controlled by the transmission wheels 204b and the driven wheels 204c distributed in rows. In this embodiment, the rotation centers of the drive blocks 204e-1 of each row of adjacent filter bags 202 are coaxial, and the drive blocks 204e-1 are connected to each other through connecting rods, similar to the common engine cylinder piston reciprocating motion mechanism, to maintain the synchronous vibration of each group of filter bags 202.

[0070] Furthermore, the reciprocating driving member 204e includes a driving block 204e-1 connected to the rotating shaft of the driving wheel 204b and the driven wheel 204c, one side of the driving block 204e-1 is rotatably connected to a connecting block 204e-2, one side of the connecting block 204e-2 is rotatably connected to a pressing block 204e-3, and the pressing block 204e-3 is slidably connected to the support frame 202a. Start the driving motor 204a, the driving motor 204a drives the transmission wheel 204b to rotate, and the transmission wheel 204b drives other groups of driven wheels 204c to follow the rotation through the transmission belt 204d. During the rotation of the transmission wheel 204b and the driven wheel 204c, the driving block 204e-1 follows the rotation axis to rotate, so that the connecting block 204e-2 pushes the pressing block 204e-3 to slide back and forth along the support shaft 202a-1. During the reciprocating sliding of the pressing block 204e-3, the connecting sleeve 202a-4 follows the synchronous movement, thereby driving the groups of moving rods 202a-2 connected to the connecting sleeve 202a-4 to swing.

[0071] The support frame 202a includes a support shaft 202a-1 fixedly connected to the filter bag 202, and a movable rod 202a-2 and a fixed rod 202a-3 connected to the filter bag 202 are spaced apart on the surface of the support shaft 202a-1, which are used to support and maintain the shape of the filter bag 202. The outer wall of the support shaft 202a-1 is slidably connected to a connecting sleeve 202a-4, and the two ends of the movable rod 202a-2 are respectively rotatably connected to the filter bag 202 and the connecting sleeve 202a-4, and the pressing block 204e-3 is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve 202a-4. Preferably, when the exhaust gas flows normally, the pressing block 204e-3 moves to the highest point and separates from the inner wall of the filter bag 202, so that the gas after dust removal flows and is discharged; and when blocked, the pressing block 204e-3 is pressed downward and sealed with the inner wall of the filter bag 202, thereby pressurizing the inside of the filter bag 202 and promoting the separation of solid impurities adhered to the outside.

[0072] The remaining structures are the same as those in Example 2.

[0073] Working principle: When the number of solid impurities blocking the surface of the filter bag 202 of one group of bag-type dust collection assemblies 200 increases, after the spherical communicating vessel 302 completes the rotation switching and connects with the other group of bag-type dust collection assemblies 200, the driving motor 204a on the side of the bag-type dust collection assembly 200 where the blocked filter bag 202 is located is started, and the driving motor 204a drives the transmission wheel 204b to rotate, and the transmission wheel 204b drives the other groups of driven wheels 204c to follow the rotation through the transmission belt 204d. During the rotation of the transmission wheel 204b and the driven wheel 204c, the driving block 204e-1 rotates with the rotating shaft, thereby causing the connecting block 204e-2 to push the pressing block 204e-3 to slide back and forth along the support shaft 202a-1. During the reciprocating sliding of the pressing block 204e-3, the connecting sleeve 202a-4 follows the synchronous movement, thereby driving the groups of moving rods 202a-2 connected to the connecting sleeve 202a-4 to swing. Since the total length of the moving rod 202a-2 is relatively inconvenient, when one end thereof moves up and down following the connecting sleeve 202a-4, the other end will be pulled, and then the filter bag 202 will be pulled through the other end of the moving rod 202a-2. During this process, the adjacent fixed rod 202a-3 keeps the surface of the filter bag 202 generally in its original state. Therefore, the local reciprocating pulling of the filter bag 202 by the moving rod 202a-2 is relaxed, so that the surface of the filter bag 202 vibrates, thereby detaching the solid impurities adhered to the surface of the filter bag 202.

[0074] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process, characterized by: include, Pre-dust removal treatment: send the industrial waste gas to the dust removal and separation device 1 (M1) for gas-solid separation treatment, separate the solid impurities in the waste gas to obtain the dust-free gas; Desulfurization treatment: The dust-removed gas is transported to the desulfurization tower, where the gas reacts with the desulfurization solution in the desulfurization tower to remove sulfur dioxide from the gas and obtain desulfurized gas; Intermediate dust removal treatment: The desulfurized gas is sent to the dust removal and separation device 2 (M2) for gas-solid separation again, and the solid impurities in the exhaust gas are separated to obtain the desulfurized gas after dust removal; Denitration treatment: The desulfurized gas after dust removal is sent to the denitration tower, where the gas and the denitrifier are mixed and reacted in the denitration reaction tower to reduce the nitrogen oxides in the gas to nitrogen and water to obtain denitrated gas; Demisting treatment: send the denitrified gas into the demisting device, remove the mist in the gas, and then discharge the gas; The dust removal and separation device 1 (M1) and the dust removal and separation device 2 (M2) have the same structure, and both comprise a cyclone dust removal assembly (100) and two groups of bag dust removal assemblies (200); the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly (100) is connected to a flow splitter assembly (300); and the flow splitter assembly (300) is periodically connected to one of the input pipes of the two groups of bag dust removal assemblies (200); The bag dust removal assembly (200) comprises a box body (201) and a plurality of groups of filter bags (202) arranged in the box body (201); one side of the box body (201) is provided with an outlet pipe (203) connected to the inside of each group of filter bags (202) for discharging the gas after dust removal; the other side of the box body (201) is provided with a vibration component (204) connected to the filter bags (202); and a second outlet pipe (205) is provided between the box body (201) and the outer wall of each group of filter bags (202) for discharging solid impurities; The second air outlet pipe (205) is connected to the cyclone dust removal assembly (100) via the exhaust duct (400); solid impurities adhered to the surface of the filter bag (202) are separated from the filter bag (202) by vibration and shaking of the vibrating component (204); and the separated solid impurities are then transported along with the gas through the second air outlet pipe (205) and the exhaust duct (400) into the cyclone dust removal assembly (100); The flow splitter assembly (300) comprises a flow splitter pipe (301) connected to an output pipe of a cyclone dust removal assembly (100); two sides of the flow splitter pipe (301) are respectively connected to input pipes of two groups of bag dust removal assemblies (200); a spherical connecting vessel (302) is rotatably connected inside the flow splitter pipe (301); a driving component (303) for driving the spherical connecting vessel (302) to rotate is provided between the flow splitter pipe (301) and the spherical connecting vessel (302); The spherical communicating vessel (302) is provided with a first connecting port (302a) on one side close to the output pipe of the cyclone dust removal assembly (100), and a second connecting port (302b) adapted to the input pipe of the bag dust removal assembly (200) is provided on the other side of the spherical communicating vessel (302), and the second connecting port (302b) follows the rotation of the spherical communicating vessel (302) and is periodically connected to one of the input pipes of the two groups of bag dust removal assemblies (200).

2. The multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone dust removal assembly (100) comprises a tower body (101), a dust removal component (102) arranged at the bottom of the tower body (101), and an air intake duct (103) arranged at one side of the tower body (101); the tower body (101) comprises a columnar bin (101a) and a conical bin (101b) arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the output duct of the cyclone dust removal assembly (100) extends from the top of the columnar bin (101a) into the conical bin (101b); the dust removal component (102) is connected to the bottom end of the conical bin (101b); the exhaust duct (400) and the air intake duct (103) are both in communication with the columnar bin (101a), and the connection portion is tangent to the surface of the columnar bin (101a).

3. The multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow diversion component (300) further comprises a pressure sensing part (304) disposed in the spherical communicating vessel (302); the pressure sensing part (304) is connected to the driving component (303); when the pressure sensing part (304) detects that the pressure value exceeds a set value, the driving component (303) drives the second connecting port (302b) to switch to connecting with the input pipe of the bag dust removal component (200).

4. The multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving component (303) comprises a through groove (303a) coaxial with the rotation center of the spherical communicating vessel (302); the inner wall of the through groove (303a) is provided with a guide groove (303b) formed by being recessed inwards; a driving rod (303c) is provided through the through groove (303a); a guide column (303d) adapted to the guide groove (303b) is provided on one side of the driving rod (303c); the driving rod (303c) can slide relative to the through groove (303a); and during the sliding process of the driving rod (303c), the spherical communicating vessel (302) is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the guide column (303d) and the guide groove (303b).

5. The multi-stage reaction desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide groove (303b) comprises two groups of arc segments (303b-1) of the same shape and a span of 180°, the arc segments (303b-1) having different heights at the head and tail ends, and a vertically arranged strip segment (303b-2) is connected between the higher end of one group of arc segments (303b-1) and the lower end of the other group of arc segments (303b-1), the strip segment (303b-2) extends downward relative to the lower end of the arc segment (303b-1), and a limiting member (305) for limiting the movement of the guide column (303d) is provided on one side of the strip segment (303b-2) close to the lower end of the arc segment (303b-1).

6. The multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure sensing part (304) comprises a pressure-bearing plug (304a) arranged at the end of the driving rod (303c), and a return spring (304b) is connected between the pressure-bearing plug (304a) and the spherical connecting vessel (302); The limiting member (305) comprises an avoidance groove (305a) provided on one side of the strip segment (303b-2) and a blocking plate (305b) rotatably connected in the avoidance groove (305a); a limiting notch (305c) for limiting the movement of the blocking plate (305b) is provided on the upper surface of the arc segment (303b-1); a torsion spring (305d) is connected between the rotation axis of the blocking plate (305b) and the avoidance groove (305a); The blocking plate (305b) is rotated outward from the avoidance groove (305a) under the torsion force of the torsion spring (305d) and is abutted and blocked by the limiting notch (305c), and the lower surface of the blocking plate (305b) when abutted and blocked by the limiting notch (305c) is adapted in shape to the upper surface of the arc segment (303b-1).

7. The multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of filter bags (202) are arranged in a rectangular display manner; a mounting groove adapted to each group of filter bags (202) is provided inside the box (201); a support frame (202a) is installed inside the filter bag (202); the vibration component (204) comprises a drive motor (204a) arranged outside the box (201); the output end of the drive motor (204a) is connected to a transmission wheel (204b); a plurality of groups of driven wheels (204c) adapted to the filter bags (202) arranged in an array are provided outside the box (201); a transmission belt (204d) is connected between the transmission wheel (204b) and each group of driven wheels (204c); and a reciprocating drive member (204e) connected to each group of support frames (202a) is provided on one side of a rotation axis of the transmission wheel (204b) and the driven wheel (204c).

8. The multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive member (204e) comprises a drive block (204e-1) connected to the rotating shafts of the driving wheel (204b) and the driven wheel (204c); one side of the drive block (204e-1) is rotatably connected to a connecting block (204e-2); one side of the connecting block (204e-2) is rotatably connected to a pressing block (204e-3); and the pressing block (204e-3) is slidably connected to the support frame (202a).

9. The multi-stage reaction type desulfurization and denitrification waste gas treatment process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support frame (202a) comprises a support shaft (202a-1) fixedly connected to the filter bag (202); a movable rod (202a-2) and a fixed rod (202a-3) connected to the filter bag (202) are spaced apart on the surface of the support shaft (202a-1) and are used to support and maintain the shape of the filter bag (202); a connecting sleeve (202a-4) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the support shaft (202a-1); two ends of the movable rod (202a-2) are rotatably connected to the filter bag (202) and the connecting sleeve (202a-4) respectively; and the pressing block (204e-3) is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve (202a-4).

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