A floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions and a working method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a floating breakwater with coupled wave-breaking and power-generating functions, including a plurality of floating breakwater units, each of which is moored separately by a corresponding mooring system, and two adjacent floating breakwater units are connected by a connection system. The random deformation of the two airbags in the floating breakwater unit under the waves will drive the mover three to perform telescopic movement in the stator three, thereby cutting the magnetic lines of force to generate electricity; it will also drive the mover three and the stator three and the connected mover one and mover two to reciprocate together, and the mover one and mover two will cut the magnetic lines of force to generate electricity; it will cause the air enclosed between the partition one and the two airbags to flow and transfer in the ventilation duct, thereby causing the one-way fan to rotate and drive the wind turbine to generate electricity. The floating breakwater with coupled wave-breaking and power-generating functions provided by the present invention effectively combines the wave-breaking and power-generating functions, and not only has a high overall integration and a small motion response, but is also safe, durable and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wave power generation and breakwater engineering, and in particular to a floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Breakwaters are artificial underwater structures built to protect harbors or construction sites. Breakwaters are usually equipped with electrical facilities such as navigation lights, which are mostly powered by batteries, and some are powered by solar energy, wind energy and other energy sources. Among them, batteries have a short service life, and manual maintenance is labor-intensive and expensive; the power supply of solar energy, wind energy and other energy sources is highly dependent on weather factors and is unstable. The wave energy content at sea is large and all-weather, especially in the breakwaters. If the breakwater function and wave energy utilization are combined to achieve wave reduction while generating wave energy, and power the power facilities on the breakwater and even on the shore, it will be a beneficial development direction.

[0003] Floating breakwaters are breakwaters composed of floating bodies and mooring systems. They can be permanent or temporary buildings, and have the advantages of being movable, reusable and low in cost. Floating breakwaters can be divided into rigid breakwaters and flexible breakwaters based on their deformability. Rigid breakwaters generally have a large motion response, and their wave-breaking and mooring performance are easily affected; flexible breakwaters have small mooring forces and are less expensive, but their wave-breaking performance needs to be improved. Currently, floating breakwaters with power generation functions include both rigid breakwaters and flexible breakwaters, but overall, they still have problems such as complex structures, components that are susceptible to corrosion and damage, the inability to effectively combine wave energy reduction and wave energy generation functions, and general wave-breaking effects or low wave energy utilization rates. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned prior art that the floating breakwater with power generation function is complex in structure, its components are susceptible to corrosion and damage, and the wave energy reduction and wave energy power generation functions cannot be effectively combined.

[0005] The present invention proposes a floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions. The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention comprises a plurality of floating breakwater units, each of which is moored separately by a corresponding mooring system, and two adjacent floating breakwater units are connected by a connection system, wherein the floating breakwater unit comprises a box body and two hemispherical air bags which are arranged on the same side of the box body and whose center heights are at the same height, wherein the box body and the air bags are sealed and connected, and a stator three which is semicircular and rotatably connected to the box body and is located at the same horizontal plane as the line connecting the centers of the two air bags is arranged inside the box body, and the semicircular opening of the stator three faces the air bags, and a linear mover three is coaxially arranged inside the stator three, and a permanent magnet three is arranged outside the mover three, and the two ends of the mover three pass through the two ends of the stator three and extend to be connected to the inner surfaces of the two air bags respectively, and a partition plate one and a partition plate one are also arranged inside the box body. Third, the partition one is parallel to the side where the box and the airbag are connected, and is arranged between the stator three and the airbag, close to the maximum depression of the airbag into the box, and at the same time does not contact the stator three and the airbag; the partition three is perpendicular to the partition one, and is arranged between the partition one and the side of the box close to the airbag to separate the two airbags, the two ends of the ventilation duct are respectively connected to the partition one on both sides of the partition three, and a ventilation hole is provided at the connection position of the partition one and the ventilation duct, the box, the two airbags, the partition one, the partition three and the ventilation duct form a sealed cavity for containing air, the air in the two airbags is connected through the ventilation duct, the partition one is provided with two symmetrically arranged arc slits, the mover three passes through the arc slits and its rotation trajectory is restricted by the arc slits.

[0007] As a further preference, a partition plate 2 is further arranged between the partition plate 1 and the stator 3, the partition plate 2 is parallel to the partition plate 1, and a circular arc slit is also provided on the partition plate 2, the ventilation duct is connected to the partition plate 2 through a bracket, end covers are provided at both ends of the stator 3, and the end covers are not in contact with the partition plate 2, a damping plate 3 is arranged between the mover 3 and the airbag, and damping plates 4 fixed on the mover 3 are provided at both ends of the permanent magnet 3, and the inside of the box body is further provided with a mover 1, a mover 2, a stator 1, a stator 2, a damping plate 1, a damping plate 2, a permanent magnet 1 and a permanent magnet 2, the mover 1 and the mover 2 are straight and collinear as a whole, and are at the same height as the center of the airbag, and the mover 1 and the mover 2 are perpendicular to the line connecting the centers of the two airbags and The extension line passes through the midpoint of the line connecting the centers of the airbags. One end of the mover is rotatably connected to the damping plate one, and the other end is fixedly connected to the small-diameter outer wall of the stator three; one end of the mover two is rotatably connected to the damping plate two, and the other end is fixedly connected to the large-diameter outer wall of the stator three; the damping plate one is fixed on the partition plate two, and the damping plate two is fixed on the side of the box away from the airbag. The permanent magnet one and the permanent magnet two are respectively arranged on the mover one and the mover two, and damping plates are provided at both ends of the permanent magnet one and the permanent magnet two. Stators one and stators two are respectively arranged on the outsides of the mover one and the mover two, and one end of the stator one and the stator two are respectively fixed on the partition plate two and the side of the box away from the airbag, and the other ends extend toward the stator three respectively, but do not contact the stator three.

[0008] As a further preference, a one-way fan is arranged in the middle of the ventilation duct, and a wind generator is also arranged inside the box, and the wind generator is connected to the one-way fan.

[0009] As a further preference, the total amount of air enclosed between the partition plate 1 and the airbags is equal to the amount of air stored in the enclosed space when one of the airbags protrudes and the other airbag is recessed into the box to a maximum (full arc) state.

[0010] As a further preference, the ratio of the box width B to the incident wavelength is greater than 0.1 and greater than the airbag diameter Φ; the box length L is 2Φ; and the box height H satisfies Φ≤H≤wave height+(1-2m).

[0011] As a further preference, the airbag is made of a waterproof, non-elastic, high-strength film material, the mover three is always in a tensioned state, has a length of (1+π / 2)xΦ+2x (the distance between partition one and partition two), and is made of a non-elastic, high-strength material.

[0012] As a further preference, two semicircular guide rails are arranged on the inner side of the stator three, and the guide rails are located on both sides of the mover three to support the damping plate four, and the maximum distance between the two damping plates four is (π / 2-1)xΦ.

[0013] As a further preference, there are two arc slits on the same partition, which are arranged symmetrically, and the curvature of a single arc slit is less than 1 / 3 of the circumference. A sealing strip and an elastic support member are sequentially arranged around the arc slit on the partition.

[0014] As a further preference, the connection system consists of a unit connection block, a central axis connection block, a cable chain, a unit protection pad, a central axis and bolts. A unit protection pad is arranged in the middle of a side panel perpendicular to the side where the box is connected to the airbag. The unit protection pad is circular as a whole and the center part is raised. The unit connection block is arranged around the unit protection pad. Both the unit connection block and the central axis connection block are provided with connection holes. The number of connection holes on the unit connection block is the same as that on the central axis connection block, and they are connected by a cable chain. Two central axis connection blocks are sleeved on the central axis, and both ends of the central axis are sealed with bolts. The mooring system comprises four anchor chains and four anchor blocks. The anchor chains are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom plate of the box, one end of each anchor chain is connected to a corner of the bottom plate of the box, and the other end is connected to the corresponding anchor block.

[0015] A working method for the floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0016] 1) When the wave acts on the floating breakwater unit in a positive direction, the protruding airbag will be squeezed first, so that the air enclosed between the partition plate 1 and the two airbags will flow and transfer, and flow to the sunken airbag through the ventilation pipe, so that the sunken airbag expands, and the protruding airbag contracts, driving the mover 3 to telescope in the stator 3, and the telescopic movement of the mover 3 cuts the magnetic field lines to generate electricity;

[0017] 2) When the wave acts laterally on the floating breakwater unit, the connection position between the two airbags and the mover three will be offset, thereby driving the mover three and the stator three to reciprocate along the arc opening direction. When the stator three rotates, the mover one and the mover two are driven to rotate synchronously. At this time, the mover three telescopes to cut the magnetic lines to generate electricity, and at the same time, the mover one and the mover two also reciprocate to cut the magnetic lines to generate electricity;

[0018] 3) When the air enclosed by the partition and the airbag flows, the air flows back and forth in the ventilation duct, and the air drives the one-way fan to rotate, and finally drives the wind turbine to generate electricity.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Effective combination of wave dissipation and power generation functions, diverse power generation methods, high wave energy conversion rate and wave energy utilization rate. Waves act on the wave-facing surface of the floating breakwater, pushing the flexible airbag to deform and do work. Through the integrated design of the internal structure of the breakwater, the wave energy can be simultaneously converted into the mechanical energy of mover 1, mover 2, mover 3 and the fan, achieving a better wave dissipation effect while also realizing full utilization of wave energy.

[0021] 2. The present invention is a semi-rigid embankment, which mainly eliminates waves by means of wave energy conversion, while the traditional rigid box-type floating embankment mainly eliminates waves by means of reflection in front of the embankment and friction loss with the top surface of the embankment. In comparison, the motion response of the present invention is smaller, and under the same wave elimination effect, the present invention can effectively reduce the size of the breakwater along the wave propagation direction, that is, the width B of the box body, saving construction materials and costs.

[0022] 3. The connection system between units is flexible and convenient to install and unload. While playing the role of connection, it can also avoid collision damage and interference between units, which is conducive to giving full play to the wave-breaking performance and power generation efficiency of each unit.

[0023] 4. The power generation components of the present invention are all inside the breakwater, and there are fewer components in direct contact with seawater, which reduces seawater corrosion damage and has high reliability. In addition, the present invention is a unit assembly structure, which is easy to install and maintain and has strong practicality.

[0024] Advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments thereof, which are given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a top view and cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a front view of the floating breakwater unit of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a side view of the floating breakwater unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the floating breakwater unit array of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the connection structure.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle arc slit.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a top view of the one-way fan of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a front view of the one-way fan of the present invention.

[0033] Indicated in the figure:

[0034] 1. Floating breakwater unit; 2. Connection system; 3. Mooring system; 4. Box; 5. Airbag; 6. Mover 1; 7. Mover 2; 8. Mover 3; 9. Stator 1; 10. Stator 2; 11. Stator 3; 12. Damping plate 1; 13. Damping plate 2; 14. Damping plate 3; 15. Damping plate 4; 16. Permanent magnet 1; 17. Permanent magnet 2; 18. Permanent magnet 3; 19. Partition 1; 20. Partition 2; 21 , partition three; 22, arc slit; 23, ventilation duct; 24, one-way fan; 25, wind turbine; 26, bracket; 27, end cover; 28, guide rail; 29, sealing strip; 30, elastic support; 31, ventilation duct hole; 32, unit connection block; 33, central axis connection block; 34, chain; 35, unit protection pad; 36, central axis; 37, bolt; 38, connection hole; 39, anchor chain; 40, anchor block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a floating breakwater with wave-breaking and power generation functions coupled according to the present invention comprises a plurality of floating breakwater units 1, a connection system 2 and a mooring system 3. The floating breakwater of the present invention can increase or decrease the floating breakwater units 1 according to actual needs. Each floating breakwater unit 1 is moored separately by the corresponding mooring system 3, and the floating breakwater units 1 are connected by the connection system 2. The floating breakwater unit 1 comprises a box body 4 and an airbag 5. The box body 4 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the number of the airbags 5 is two, both of which are hemispherical. The two airbags 5 are arranged on the same side of the box body 4, and the box body 4 and the airbag 5 are sealed and connected by bolts. When in use, one side of the airbag 5 is facing the wind and waves. The two airbags 5 are equal in size, and the centers of the spheres are at the same height. The box body 4 is hollow inside, and the airbag 5 is deformed under the influence of the force of wind and waves and is recessed into the box body 4. The ratio of the width B of the box 4 to the incident wavelength is greater than 0.1 and greater than the diameter Φ of the airbag 5; the length L of the box 4 is 2Φ, which satisfies the requirements of gravity and buoyancy balance, transportation and loading; the height H of the box 4 satisfies Φ≤H≤wave height+(1-2m). The airbag 5 is made of a waterproof, non-elastic, high-strength film material, which can be a polyester fabric synthetic material or a glass fiber synthetic material.

[0037] The floating breakwater unit 1 also includes a mover 1 6, a mover 2 7, a mover 3 8, a stator 1 9, a stator 2 10, a stator 3 11, a damping plate 1 12, a damping plate 2 13, a damping plate 3 14, a damping plate 4 15, a permanent magnet 1 16, a permanent magnet 2 17, a permanent magnet 3 18, a partition 1 19, a partition 2 20, a partition 3 21, an arc slit 22, a ventilation duct 23, a one-way fan 24, a wind turbine 25, a bracket 26 and an end cover 27 arranged inside the box 4. The stator 3 11 is semicircular in shape as a whole and is located in the same horizontal plane as the line connecting the centers of the two airbags 5. The center of the stator 3 11 faces the airbag 5. The stator 3 11 can be rotatably connected to the box 4 alone, or the mover 1 6 and the mover 2 7 can be rotatably connected to the box 4 as supporting members. The mover 1 6 and the mover 2 7 are straight and collinear as a whole, and are at the same height as the center of the airbag 5. The mover 1 6 and the mover 2 7 are perpendicular to the line connecting the centers of the two airbags 5, and the extension line passes through the midpoint of the line connecting the centers of the airbags 5. One end of the mover 1 6 is rotatably connected to the damping plate 1 12, and the other end is fixedly connected to the small-diameter outer wall of the stator 3 11; one end of the mover 2 7 is rotatably connected to the damping plate 2 13, and the other end is fixedly connected to the large-diameter outer wall of the stator 3 11; the mover 1 6 and the mover 2 7 can rotate with the stator 3 11. The damping plate 1 12 is fixed on the partition 2 20, and the damping plate 2 13 is fixed on the side of the box 4 away from the airbag 5. The partition 2 20 is arranged inside the box 4, and the partition 2 20 is parallel to the side where the box 4 and the airbag 5 are connected, and the partition 2 20 does not contact the stator 3 11. The permanent magnet 16 and the permanent magnet 2 17 are respectively sleeved on the mover 1 6 and the mover 2 7, and damping plates are provided at both ends of the permanent magnet 16 and the permanent magnet 2 17 to prevent short circuit. Stator 1 9 and stator 2 10 are respectively provided on the outside of the mover 1 6 and the mover 2 7, and one end of the stator 1 9 is fixed on the partition 2 20, and the other end extends to the stator 3 11, but does not contact the stator 3 11; one end of the stator 2 10 is fixed on the side of the box 4 away from the airbag 5, and the other end extends to the stator 3 11, but does not contact the stator 3 11, and the stator 1 9 and the stator 2 10 cannot affect the rotation of the stator 3 11. End covers 27 are provided at both ends of the stator 3 11, and the end covers 27 do not contact the partition 2 20. The mover 3 8 is arranged inside the stator 3 11 . The mover 3 8 is linear as a whole, and its two ends extend through the end cover 27 to be connected to the surfaces of the two airbags 5 respectively. A damping plate 3 14 is arranged between the mover 3 8 and the airbag 5 .

[0038] A permanent magnet three 18 is arranged on the mover three 8 at a position inside the stator three 11, and damping plates four 15 are arranged at both ends of the permanent magnet three 18. The damping plates four 15 are fixed on the mover three 8, and the permanent magnet three 18 and the damping plates four 15 move in the stator three 11 together with the mover three 8. A partition one 19 and a partition three 21 are also arranged in the box body 4. The partition one 19 is parallel to the partition two 20, and is arranged between the partition two 20 and the airbag 5, close to the maximum depression of the airbag 5 into the box body 4, and has no contact with the airbag 5. In order to enable the mover three 8 to drive the stator three 11 to rotate in an arc, arc slits 22 are opened on the partition one 19 and the partition two 20. The arc slits 22 on the partition 19 and the partition 2 20 are centered on the axis of the mover 1 6, and the length of the line connecting the center and the corresponding position of the mover 3 8 on the partition 19 and the length of the line connecting the center and the corresponding position of the mover 3 8 on the partition 2 20 are the radius. The partition 3 21 is perpendicular to the partition 19, and is arranged between the partition 19 and the side of the box 4 close to the airbag 5, and is used to separate the air between the two airbags 5. The partition 19 plays a sealing and fixing role. The two ends of the ventilation duct 23 are respectively connected to the partition 19 on both sides of the partition 3 21, and a ventilation hole is provided at the connection position between the partition 19 and the ventilation duct 23. The air between the partition 19 and the airbag 5 does not leak out, and only flows in the ventilation duct 23. A one-way fan 24 is arranged in the middle of the ventilation duct 23. The wind generator 25 can be arranged on the partition 1 19 or the partition 2 20 and connected to the one-way fan 24. The rotation of the one-way fan 24 will drive the wind generator 25 to generate electricity. The total amount of air enclosed between the partition 1 19 and the airbag 5 is equal to the amount of air stored in the enclosed space when one of the airbags 5 protrudes and the other airbag 5 is recessed into the box body 4 to the maximum (full arc) state. The partition 20 mainly plays a supporting role. The ventilation duct 23 is supported on the partition 20 by the bracket 26.

[0039] The stator 1 9 , the stator 2 10 and the stator 3 11 are all provided with coils, which is the prior art and will not be described in detail in the present invention.

[0040] The mover 3 8 is always in a tensioned state, with a length of (1+π / 2)xΦ+2x (the distance between the partition 19 and the partition 2 20), and is made of non-elastic, high-strength material. At the same time, it should be easy to move in the semicircular ring structure, and can be a chemical fiber rope or a steel wire rope.

[0041] Two semicircular guide rails 28 are arranged inside the stator 3 11. The guide rails 28 are located on both sides of the mover 3 8, and support the damping plate 4 15 while facilitating the smooth movement of the damping plate 4 15.

[0042] The damping plate four 15 is located at both ends of the permanent magnet three 18, and the maximum distance between the two damping plates four 15 is (π / 2-1)xΦ, that is, when the airbag 5 on one side protrudes in a full arc, the damping plate four 15 and the permanent magnet three 18 are located at one end of the stator three 11 on that side, and when the airbag 5 on that side is recessed in a full arc, the damping plate four 15 and the permanent magnet three 18 are located at the other end of the stator three 11, so as to make full use of kinetic energy.

[0043] The ventilation duct 23 may be multiple, arranged symmetrically along the line connecting the centers of the two airbags 5, with ventilation duct holes 31 at both ends of the ventilation duct 23, which may be square, and are arranged inside the arc slit 22 and within the range of the damping plate 3 14, so that the driving force generated when the gas flows is concentrated on the airbag 5, which is convenient for the telescopic movement of the mover 3 8, and can avoid interference with the rotational movement of the mover 3 8 while fully utilizing the gas kinetic energy. The cross-section of the ventilation duct 23 may be square, and the sum of the cross-sectional areas S of the multiple ventilation ducts 23 must meet the requirement that when the full arc protruding airbag 5 undergoes maximum deformation at the maximum water flow velocity V (when acting in the forward direction), the gas flow is unobstructed, that is, S≥the maximum deformation volume of the airbag 5 at the maximum water flow velocity / V.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, there are two arc slits 22 on the same partition, which are arranged symmetrically. The arc of a single arc slit 22 is less than 1 / 3 of the circumference, that is, πΦ / 3, which can be determined according to the actual rotation situation. The arc slit 22 on the partition 2 20 can be enlarged so that the mover 3 8 does not come into contact with the partition 2 20 during movement, so as to reduce the movement resistance of the mover 3 8. The arc slit 22 on the partition 1 19 must be sealed, and a sealing strip 29 and an elastic support member 30 are sequentially arranged around the arc slit 22. The elastic support member 30 has a certain elastic force, so that the sealing strip 29 is pressed tightly on the surface of the mover 3 8, and can also be pressed tightly at the gap of the arc slit 22 outside the mover 3 8. When the mover 3 8 slides within the range of the arc slit 22 on the partition 1 19, the total amount of air enclosed between the partition 1 19 and the airbag 5 will not change. In order to facilitate sliding movement, the sealing strip 29 and the elastic support member 30 need to have low sliding resistance.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the one-way fan 24 can be coaxial with the wind generator 25, or can be connected to the wind generator 25 through a transmission device such as a speed increasing gear, and the number of the one-way fan 24 is the same as that of the wind generator 25. The blades of the one-way fan 24 are semicircular, and the reciprocating airflow in the ventilation duct 23 drives the fan blades to rotate in one direction.

[0046] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the connection system 2 is composed of a unit connection block 32, a central axis connection block 33, a cable chain 34, a unit protection pad 35, a central axis 36 and a bolt 37. The unit protection pad 35 is arranged in the middle of the vertical side plate on the side where the box body 4 is connected to the airbag 5. The unit connection block 32 is arranged around the unit protection pad 35, and the central axis connection block 33 is a hollow cylinder. The unit connection block 32 and the central axis connection block 33 are both provided with connection holes 38. The number of the connection holes 38 on the unit connection block 32 is the same as that on the central axis connection block 33, and they are connected by the cable chain 34. Two central axis connection blocks 33 are sleeved on the central axis 36, and the two central axis connection blocks 33 can rotate around the central axis 36 respectively. The two ends of the central axis 36 are blocked by bolts 37. The length of the cable chain 34 should ensure that the point where the central axis connection block 33, the central axis 36 and the bolt 37 act on the box body 4 falls within the range of the unit protection pad 35. The unit protection pad 35 is circular on the side plate of the box body 4, and the center part of the circle is appropriately convex. It can be made of rubber material and has a certain elasticity to prevent the box body 4 from being damaged by collision.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the mooring system 3 includes four anchor chains 39 and four anchor blocks 40. The anchor chains 39 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom plate of the box body 4. One end of each anchor chain 39 is connected to a corner of the bottom plate of the box body 4, and the other end is connected to the corresponding anchor block 40.

[0048] A working method of a floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions is as follows:

[0049] Several of the floating breakwater units 1 are connected by a connection system 2 to form an integral floating breakwater. Under the connection system 2, there is less interference between the floating breakwater units 1, that is, the swing of one floating breakwater unit 1 under the action of waves will basically not affect the protection of the adjacent floating breakwater units 1 against waves. The towing force between the floating breakwater units 1 is small, and each independent unit can exert the maximum wave protection and power generation efficiency. When the wave acts on the floating breakwater unit 1 in a positive direction, the protruding airbag 5 will be squeezed first, so that the air enclosed between the partition 19 and the two airbags 5 will flow and transfer, and flow to the recessed airbag 5 through the ventilation pipe 23, the recessed airbag 5 will expand, and the protruding airbag 5 will shrink at the same time, which will drive the mover 3 8 to telescopic movement in the stator 3 11. Due to the randomness of waves, the waves will not only act forward, but also act laterally on the breakwater. When acting laterally, the positions where the two airbags 5 are connected to the mover three 8 will be offset, thereby driving the mover three 8 and the stator three 11 to rotate along the direction of the arc slit 22. Since the mover three 8 is always in a taut state and continues to have telescopic movement, the offset rotation amount of the position where the airbag 5 is connected to the mover three 8 will not be too large and has an automatic rebound function, that is, when the waves act laterally, the position where the airbag 5 is connected to the mover three 8 is offset and rotated. After the waves act, the position where the airbag 5 is connected to the mover three 8 will quickly and automatically return to the center position, so that the mover three 8 and the stator three 11 and the connected mover one 6 and mover two 7 can synchronously reciprocate.

[0050] The floating breakwater unit 1 has three power generation modes, including wind power generation by rotating the fan in the ventilation duct 23, power generation by cutting the magnetic lines of force through the telescopic movement of the mover three 8, and power generation by cutting the magnetic lines of force through the reciprocating rotation of the mover one 6 and the mover two 7.

[0051] The wave acting forward on the breakwater in the present invention is a situation where the wave force is parallel to the horizontal plane of the line connecting the centers of the two airbags 5; the wave acting laterally on the breakwater is a situation where there is an angle between the wave force and the horizontal plane of the line connecting the centers of the two airbags 5.

[0052] In addition to the above embodiments, the present application may also have other implementation modes. Any technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope required by the present application.

Claims

1. A floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions, comprising a plurality of floating breakwater units (1), each floating breakwater unit (1) being individually moored by a corresponding mooring system (3), and two adjacent floating breakwater units (1) being connected by a connection system (2), characterized in that: The floating breakwater unit (1) comprises a box (4) and two hemispherical airbags (5) arranged on the same side of the box (4) and with the center heights at the same height, the box (4) and the airbags (5) are sealed and connected, a stator three (11) in a semicircular shape and rotatably connected to the box (4) and located at the same horizontal plane as the center line of the two airbags (5) is arranged inside the box (4), the semicircular opening of the stator three (11) faces the airbags (5), and the stator three (11) A linear mover 3 (8) is coaxially arranged inside, and a permanent magnet 3 (18) is arranged outside the mover 3 (8). Two ends of the mover 3 (8) pass through two ends of the stator 3 (11) and extend to be connected to the inner surfaces of the two airbags (5) respectively. A partition 1 (19) and a partition 3 (21) are also arranged inside the box body (4). The partition 1 (19) is parallel to the side connected to the box body (4) and the airbag (5), and is arranged between the stator 3 (11) and the airbag (5). The airbag (5) is close to the maximum depression of the airbag (5) into the box (4), and does not contact the stator three (11) or the airbag (5); the partition three (21) is perpendicular to the partition one (19), and is arranged between the partition one (19) and the side of the box (4) close to the airbag (5) to separate the two airbags (5); the two ends of the ventilation pipe (23) are respectively connected to the partition one (19) on both sides of the partition three (21), and the partition one (19) is connected to the ventilation pipe (23). A vent hole is provided at the connection position, the box body (4), the two air bags (5), the partition plate 1 (19), the partition plate 3 (21) and the ventilation pipe (23) form a sealed cavity for containing air, the air in the two air bags (5) is communicated through the ventilation pipe (23), the partition plate 1 (19) is provided with two symmetrically arranged arc slits (22), the mover 3 (8) passes through the arc slits (22) and its rotation trajectory is restricted by the arc slits (22); A partition plate 2 (20) is also arranged between the partition plate 1 (19) and the stator 3 (11), the partition plate 2 (20) is parallel to the partition plate 1 (19), and a circular arc slit (22) is also provided on the partition plate 2 (20), the ventilation duct (23) is connected to the partition plate 2 (20) through a bracket (26), end covers (27) are arranged at both ends of the stator 3 (11), and the end covers (27) are not in contact with the partition plate 2 (20), a damping plate 3 (14) is arranged between the mover 3 (8) and the airbag (5), and damping plates 4 (15) fixed on the mover 3 (8) are arranged at both ends of the permanent magnet 3 (18).

2. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box body (4) is further provided with a mover 1 (6), a mover 2 (7), a stator 1 (9), a stator 2 (10), a damping plate 1 (12), a damping plate 2 (13), a permanent magnet 1 (16) and a permanent magnet 2 (17). The mover 1 (6) and the mover 2 (7) are linear and collinear as a whole and are at the same height as the center of the airbag (5). The mover 1 (6) and the mover 2 (7) are perpendicular to the line connecting the centers of the two airbags (5) and the extension line passes through the midpoint of the line connecting the centers of the airbags (5). One end of the mover 1 (6) is rotatably connected to the damping plate 1 (12) and the other end is fixedly connected to the small diameter outer wall of the stator 3 (11); one end of the mover 2 (7) is rotatably connected to the damping plate 2 (13) and the other end is fixedly connected to the stator 3 (11) The large diameter outer wall is fixedly connected; the damping plate 1 (12) is fixed on the partition 2 (20), the damping plate 2 (13) is fixed on the side of the box body (4) away from the airbag (5), the permanent magnet 1 (16) and the permanent magnet 2 (17) are respectively arranged on the mover 1 (6) and the mover 2 (7), and damping plates are arranged at both ends of the permanent magnet 1 (16) and the permanent magnet 2 (17), and the stator 1 (9) and the stator 2 (10) are respectively arranged on the outer side of the mover 1 (6) and the mover 2 (7), one end of the stator 1 (9) and the stator 2 (10) are respectively fixed on the partition 2 (20) and the side of the box body (4) away from the airbag (5), and the other end extends to the stator 3 (11) respectively, but does not contact the stator 3 (11).

3. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A one-way fan (24) is arranged in the middle of the ventilation duct (23), and a wind generator (25) is also arranged inside the box (4), and the wind generator (25) is connected to the one-way fan (24).

4. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The total amount of air enclosed between the partition plate 1 (19) and the airbags (5) is equal to the amount of air stored in the enclosed space when one of the airbags (5) protrudes and the other airbag (5) is recessed to the maximum state in the box body (4).

5. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ratio of the width B of the box (4) to the wavelength of the incident wave is greater than 0.1, and the width B of the box (4) is greater than the diameter Φ of the airbag (5); the length L of the box (4) is 2Φ; and the height H of the box (4) satisfies Φ≤H≤wave height+(1-2m).

6. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The airbag (5) is made of a water-impermeable, non-elastic, high-strength film material. The mover three (8) is always in a tensioned state. The length of the mover three (8) is (1+π / 2)×Φ+2×(the distance between the partition one (19) and the partition two (20)). The mover three (8) is made of a non-elastic, high-strength material.

7. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Two semicircular guide rails (28) are arranged inside the stator three (11), and the guide rails (28) are located on both sides of the mover three (8) to support the damping plate four (15), and the maximum distance between the two damping plates four (15) is (π / 2-1)×Φ.

8. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: There are two arc slits (22) on the same partition plate, which are arranged symmetrically. The arc of a single arc slit (22) is less than 1 / 3 of the circumference. The arc slit (22) on the partition plate (19) is provided with a sealing strip (29) and an elastic support member (30) in sequence around the arc slit (22).

9. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are a plurality of ventilation pipes (23) symmetrically arranged along the line connecting the centers of the two air bags (5). Ventilation pipe holes (31) are arranged at both ends of the ventilation pipes (23). The ventilation pipe holes (31) are arranged inside the arc slit (22) and within the range of the damping plate three (14). The sum of the cross-sectional areas S of all ventilation pipes (23) is ≥ the maximum deformation volume / V of the air bag (5) at the maximum water flow velocity V.

10. The floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection system (2) is composed of a unit connection block (32), a central axis connection block (33), a cable chain (34), a unit protection pad (35), a central axis (36) and a bolt (37). The unit protection pad (35) is arranged in the middle of a vertical side plate on one side where the box body (4) is connected to the airbag (5). The unit protection pad (35) is circular in shape and has a convex center portion. The unit connection block (32) is arranged around the unit protection pad (35). The unit connection block (32) and the central axis connection block (33) are both provided with connection holes (38). The number of connection holes (38) on the connection block (32) is the same as that of the connection holes (38) on the middle axis connection block (33), which are connected by a cable chain (34). Two middle axis connection blocks (33) are sleeved on the middle axis (36), and the two ends of the middle axis (36) are blocked by bolts (37). The mooring system (3) comprises four anchor chains (39) and four anchor blocks (40). The anchor chains (39) are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom plate of the box body (4), and one end of each anchor chain (39) is connected to a corner of the bottom plate of the box body (4), and the other end is connected to the corresponding anchor block (40).

11. A working method applicable to the floating breakwater with coupled wave dissipation and power generation functions as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are included: When the wave acts on the floating breakwater unit (1) in a positive direction, the protruding airbag (5) is squeezed first, causing the air enclosed between the partition plate 1 (19) and the two airbags (5) to flow and transfer, and flow to the recessed airbag (5) through the ventilation pipe (23), so that the recessed airbag (5) expands, and at the same time the protruding airbag (5) contracts, driving the mover 3 (8) to telescope in the stator 3 (11), and the telescopic movement of the mover 3 (8) cuts the magnetic field lines to generate electricity; When waves act laterally on the floating breakwater unit (1), the positions where the two air bags (5) are connected to the mover three (8) will shift, thereby driving the mover three (8) and the stator three (11) to rotate back and forth along the direction of the arc slot (22). When the stator three (11) rotates, the mover one (6) and the mover two (7) are driven to rotate synchronously. At this time, the mover three (8) telescopes and cuts the magnetic lines of force to generate electricity, and at the same time, the mover one (6) and the mover two (7) also reciprocate and cut the magnetic lines of force to generate electricity. When the air enclosed by the partition plate 1 (19) and the air bag (5) flows, the air flows back and forth in the ventilation duct (23), and the air drives the one-way fan (24) to rotate, and finally drives the wind generator (25) to generate electricity.

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