Fishway entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions and method of operation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a fishway inlet system suitable for complex environmental conditions and an operation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ecological protection of water conservancy and hydropower. The system comprises a dam, a fishway and a branch inlet mechanism. The fishway is arranged along the bank slope on one side of the dam and penetrates through the dam. The branch inlet mechanism is arranged on the downstream of the dam and is communicated with the fishway. The branch inlet mechanism is arranged between the dam and the main inlet of the fishway and is communicated with the fishway. Fish in the water area between the main inlet and the dam can swim upstream along the branch inlet mechanism into the fishway, and then swim upstream along the fishway to the water body on the upstream of the dam. The branch inlet mechanism provides the fish school that has not found the main inlet of the traditional fishway and wanders in the water area on the downstream of the dam with the opportunity to find the inlet of the fishway again, improves the probability that the fish school finds the inlet of the fishway again, and ensures that more fish can complete the upstream migration.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a fishway inlet system suitable for complex environmental conditions and a method for operating the same, and belongs to the technical field of ecological protection of water conservancy and hydropower. BACKGROUND

[0002] A fishway is the most widely used type of fish passing facility in water conservancy and hydropower projects, and its structure mainly consists of an inlet, a pool room, an outlet, etc. Whether the fishway inlet can be quickly detected and smoothly entered by fish is the key to the success of the fishway and is also the focus and difficulty of research in the field of fishway research. The Design Specification for Fish Passing Facilities of Hydropower Projects (NB / T 35054-2015) has the following requirements for the design of the fishway inlet: the inlet should be arranged in an area suitable for fish aggregation, should be able to adapt to the active water layer of different fish passing objects, and the flow direction should form a certain angle with the main flow direction of the river to enhance the effect. In actual design and construction cases, most power stations arrange the fishway inlet near the power generation tail water section. The fishway inlet of the diversion type hydropower station with a long distance between the power generation tail water and the dam site is often arranged downstream of the sand flushing lock (such as the water diversion main channel of the "Yin-Da-Ji-Huang" project), and the fishway inlet of the hydropower station where it is difficult to arrange the inlet at the sand flushing lock and the power generation tail water section often adds fish attracting facilities at the fishway inlet (such as the use of light, sound and water flow to attract fish at the inlet of the Yandingbao Hydropower Station on the Daduhe River).

[0003] Regardless of the arrangement type, the fishway inlet has a certain distance to the dam, and there is a certain probability that the fish population up the stream finds and successfully enters the fishway inlet, i.e. a considerable proportion of fish population fails to enter the fishway and continues to up the stream to the water area between the fishway inlet and the dam. The dam site downstream collects various water flows such as discharge of the discharge gate, discharge of the ecological flow discharge channel and discharge of the power generation tail water, and the flow state is extremely turbulent. The fish population that fails to successfully enter the fishway and continues to up the stream to the water area between the fishway inlet and the dam has difficulty in finding the original fishway inlet according to the established attracting conditions, and the response relationship between the flow state and fish habitat in this area is still unclear in the industry. As the most commonly used fishway inlet arrangement position, the power generation tail water section is located about 100m downstream of the dam site, or several kilometers away from the dam site. The fish population that fails to find the fishway inlet and continues to up the stream during migration will be stranded in the water area between the dam and the power generation tail water section, and the difficulty of finding the fishway inlet again is highlighted.

[0004] Therefore, for the fish population stranded in the water area between the dam and the power generation tail water section, how to improve the probability of finding the fishway inlet again and ensure that more fish can complete the migration up the stream is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a fishway inlet system suitable for complex environmental conditions and a method for operating the same.

[0006] The application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] The fishway inlet system suitable for complex environmental conditions comprises a dam, a fishway and a branch inlet mechanism, the fishway is arranged along the bank slope on one side of the dam and penetrates the dam, and the branch inlet mechanism is arranged downstream of the dam and communicates with the fishway.

[0008] The fishway is a vertical slot fishway, the upstream end of the fishway is an outlet extending into the water body upstream of the dam, and the downstream end of the fishway is a main inlet provided with a main inlet gate.

[0009] The branch inlet mechanism comprises a main controller, a branch inlet body, a branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly and a branch inlet height adjusting assembly, the main controller is arranged on the branch inlet body, the branch inlet body and the branch inlet height adjusting assembly are arranged in the transverse direction of the fishway, one end of the branch inlet body communicates with the fishway, the branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fishway, and the branch inlet height adjusting assembly is arranged on the branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly and connected to the end of the branch inlet body away from the fishway.

[0010] The branch inlet body comprises a fixed pipe and a telescopic pipe, the fixed pipe is arranged on a pipe support base, one end of the telescopic pipe is connected to one end of the fixed pipe through a flexible joint, the other end of the telescopic pipe serves as a branch inlet and is provided with a branch inlet gate and a fish finder, the branch inlet gate and the fish finder are electrically connected to the main controller, and a telescopic driving assembly is arranged on the telescopic pipe.

[0011] The telescopic pipe comprises a first rectangular pipe, a second rectangular pipe and a third rectangular pipe, the first rectangular pipe is located inside the second rectangular pipe and is in sliding connection with the second rectangular pipe, the second rectangular pipe is located inside the third rectangular pipe and is in sliding connection with the third rectangular pipe, the third rectangular pipe is connected to the flexible joint, and the bottoms of the inside of the first rectangular pipe, the second rectangular pipe and the third rectangular pipe are fixedly provided with egg gravel,

[0012] The telescopic driving assembly is an electric cylinder, one end of the electric cylinder is connected to the third rectangular pipe, the other end of the electric cylinder is connected to the first rectangular pipe, and the electric cylinder is electrically connected to the main controller.

[0013] The branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly comprises a fixed base and a moving trolley A, the top of the fixed base is provided with two slide rails A and a rack A side by side, and the moving trolley A is arranged on the two slide rails A and in transmission connection with the rack A.

[0014] The moving trolley A comprises a trolley body A and a servo motor A, the trolley body A is in sliding connection with the two slide rails A through slide blocks A respectively, the servo motor A is electrically connected to the main controller, a gear A is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor A and meshes with the rack A.

[0015] The branch inlet height adjusting assembly comprises a support bracket, a moving trolley B and a winch, the support bracket is arranged on the moving trolley A, two slide rails B and a rack B are arranged side by side on the support bracket, the moving trolley B is arranged on the two slide rails B and is in transmission connection with the rack B, the winch is arranged on the moving trolley B and is connected with one end of the branch inlet body away from the fishway, and the winch is electrically connected with the main controller.

[0016] The bottom of the support bracket is provided with a reinforcing frame, and the sidewall of the fixed base is provided with a slide rail C, and the reinforcing frame is slidably connected with the slide rail C through a sliding block C.

[0017] The moving trolley B comprises a trolley body B and a servo motor B, the trolley body B is slidably connected with the two slide rails B through sliding blocks B, the servo motor B is electrically connected with the main controller, a gear B is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor B, and the gear B is in meshing connection with the rack B.

[0018] A running method of a fishway inlet system suitable for complex environmental conditions comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step one: the fish school downstream of the dam is induced by the water flow of the power generation tail water suction, and approaches the water area of the power generation tail water section, part of the fish enters the fishway from the main inlet and gradually ascends into the water body upstream of the dam along the fishway, and the other part of the fish is not directly induced into the fishway along the main inlet, but continues to ascend to the water area between the main inlet and the dam due to unclear induction of the induced water flow or induction of the dam discharge suction flow;

[0020] Step two: the fish school area in the water area between the main inlet and the dam is detected by a fish detector, then the branch inlet on the telescopic pipe is adjusted to the fish school area by the cooperation of the telescopic driving assembly, the branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly and the branch inlet height adjusting assembly, so that the success rate of the fish school losing direction successfully finding the fishway inlet is improved.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0022] 1. Promote the upgrade of fishway entrance fish attraction mode. The application focuses on creating a fishway entrance system under the influence of engineering operation in the complex environment conditions below the dam. It can detect the relative cluster of fish in the water area between the main entrance and the dam through the fish probe in the complex water level fluctuation environment, uneven fish distribution environment and diverse hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions. Then the branch entrance mechanism provides more efficient and clear opportunities for fish to find the entrance. Specifically, based on the traditional vertical slot fishway, a branch entrance mechanism is added. One end of the branch entrance body in the branch entrance mechanism is connected with the vertical slot fishway, and the other end serves as the branch entrance of the fishway. The branch entrance can move to the relative cluster of fish in the water area under the coordinated control of servo motor A, electric cylinder and winch in three-dimensional space. Compared with the traditional fishway fish attraction mode, the fishway entrance can move accurately and flexibly, realizing the technical upgrade of the fishway entrance fish attraction mode, which is the most widely used fish passing facility in the water conservancy and hydropower industry.

[0023] 2. Construct a flexible fishway entrance structure. The application designs a branch entrance mechanism to solve the problem of fish wandering and losing direction from the dam to the tail water section of the power generation. The branch entrance can move flexibly along the river transversely, vertically and along the upstream and downstream of the river. The transverse movement of the branch entrance is realized by controlling the length of the telescopic pipe through the electric cylinder, the vertical movement of the branch entrance is realized by controlling the steel rope through the winch, and the movement of the branch entrance along the upstream and downstream of the river is realized by moving the trolley A on the slide rail A and driving the branch entrance height adjustment assembly to move. The transverse movement, vertical movement and movement along the upstream and downstream of the river of the branch entrance can be realized cooperatively. The fishway entrance system has the advantages of flexible and stable operation, which is not only suitable for fish attraction in a large area of water below the dam, but also suitable for fish attraction under frequent water level changes downstream of the dam, providing suitable working water depth conditions for the fishway.

[0024] 3. Develop a robust and efficient fishway collection and attraction method. The branch entrance mechanism developed by the application provides a second opportunity for fish to find the fishway entrance for the fish that have not found the traditional fishway main entrance and are wandering in the water area below the dam. The optimization effect of the fishway entrance fish attraction method is obvious, and the application prospect is broad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the branch entrance mechanism of the application;

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a local enlarged view at A;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the front structure of the branch inlet mechanism of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the front structure of the branch inlet mechanism of the present application; Figure 5 is a local enlarged view at B;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the branch inlet height adjustment assembly, telescopic pipe, telescopic drive assembly and flexible joint of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the top structure of the branch inlet mechanism when the branch inlet swings upstream relative to the fixed pipe of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the top structure of the branch inlet mechanism when the branch inlet swings downstream relative to the fixed pipe of the present application.

[0034] In the figure: 1 - dam, 2 - fishway, 201 - fishway partition, 202 - fishway bottom plate, 203 - fishway side wall, 204 - outlet, 3 - main inlet, 301 - main inlet gate, 4 - branch inlet mechanism, 41 - branch inlet body, 410 - fixed pipe, 411 - flexible joint, 412 - telescopic pipe, 4121 - first rectangular pipe, 4122 - second rectangular pipe, 4123 - third rectangular pipe, 4124 - egg gravel, 413 - telescopic drive assembly, 414 - support base, 415 - branch inlet gate, 42 - branch inlet longitudinal adjustment assembly, 420 - fixed base, 421 - moving trolley A, 4210 - trolley body A, 4211 - servo motor A, 4212 - sliding block A, 4213 - gear A, 422 - sliding rail A, 423 - rack A, 424 - sliding rail C, 43 - branch inlet height adjustment assembly, 430 - support bracket, 431 - moving trolley B, 4310 - trolley body B, 4311 - servo motor B, 4312 - sliding block B, 432 - winch, 4320 - steel rope, 433 - sliding rail B, 434 - rack B, 435 - reinforcing frame, 436 - sliding block C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions of the present application are further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to the description.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 9As shown, the fishway inlet system suitable for complex environmental conditions comprises a dam 1, a fishway 2 and a branch inlet mechanism 4, the fishway 2 is arranged along the bank slope on one side of the dam 1 and penetrates the dam 1, and the branch inlet mechanism 4 is arranged downstream of the dam 1 and communicates with the fishway 2. The branch inlet mechanism 4 is arranged between the dam 1 and the main inlet 3 of the fishway 2 and communicates with the fishway 2, and the fish in the water area between the main inlet 3 and the dam 1 can ascend the branch inlet mechanism 4 and enter the fishway 2, and then ascend to the upstream water body of the dam 1 along the fishway 2, thereby increasing the probability of fish finding the fishway inlet again through the branch inlet mechanism 4 and ensuring that more fish can complete the anadromous migration.

[0037] The fishway 2 is a vertical slot fishway, the upstream end of the fishway 2 is an outlet 204, the outlet 204 extends into the water body upstream of the dam 1, and the downstream end of the fishway 2 is the main inlet 3, and the main inlet 3 is provided with a main inlet gate 301. In use, the fishway 2 comprises a fishway bottom plate 202, two fishway side walls 203 are arranged side by side on the fishway bottom plate 202, and a plurality of fishway partitions 201 are alternately arranged on the two fishway side walls 203, and the fishway partitions 201 separate the fishway 2 into a plurality of fishway pool rooms. The main inlet gate 301 is electrically connected with a main controller. The main inlet 3 is arranged along the coast at the downstream end of the fishway 2, and the position of the main inlet 3 is selected in a zone with a relatively high fish aggregation degree downstream of the dam, and the position can be determined by fish resource investigation downstream of the dam and numerical simulation results in the design stage; the fish-attracting flow and the inlet opening degree at the main inlet 3 can be adjusted through the main inlet gate 301.

[0038] The branch inlet mechanism 4 comprises a main controller, a branch inlet body 41, a branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly 42 and a branch inlet height adjusting assembly 43, the main controller is arranged on the branch inlet body 41, the branch inlet body 41 and the branch inlet height adjusting assembly 43 are arranged transversely to the fishway 2, one end of the branch inlet body 41 communicates with the fishway 2, the branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly 42 is arranged longitudinally to the fishway 2, and the branch inlet height adjusting assembly 43 is arranged on the branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly 42 and connected with the end of the branch inlet body 41 away from the fishway 2.

[0039] The branch inlet body 41 comprises a fixed pipe 410 and a telescopic pipe 412, the fixed pipe 410 is arranged on a pipe supporting base 414, one end of the telescopic pipe 412 is connected with one end of the fixed pipe 410 through a flexible joint 411, the other end of the telescopic pipe 412 serves as a branch inlet, and the end is provided with a branch inlet gate 415 and a fish finder, the branch inlet gate 415 and the fish finder are electrically connected with a main controller, and the telescopic pipe 412 is provided with a telescopic driving assembly 413. In use, the connecting port of the fixed pipe 410 and the fishway side wall 203 needs to be sealed and water-stopped; the flexible joint 411 is a rubber flexible joint, and one end of the telescopic pipe 412 is shrunk into a circular shape and connected with the flange of the flexible joint 411. The opening degree of the branch inlet is adjusted through the branch inlet gate 415. The fish finder is used for on-line detection of the fish gathering situation near the branch inlet, so as to facilitate real-time adjustment of the position of the branch inlet according to the fish gathering situation.

[0040] The telescopic pipe 412 comprises a first rectangular pipe 4121, a second rectangular pipe 4122 and a third rectangular pipe 4123, the first rectangular pipe 4121 is located inside the second rectangular pipe 4122 and is in sliding connection with the second rectangular pipe 4122, the second rectangular pipe 4122 is located inside the third rectangular pipe 4123 and is in sliding connection with the third rectangular pipe 4123, the third rectangular pipe 4123 is connected with the flexible joint 411, and the bottom of the inside of the first rectangular pipe 4121, the second rectangular pipe 4122 and the third rectangular pipe 4123 is fixedly provided with an egg gravel 4124;

[0041] The telescopic driving assembly 413 is an electric cylinder, one end of the electric cylinder is connected with the third rectangular pipe 4123, the other end of the electric cylinder is connected with the first rectangular pipe 4121, and the electric cylinder is electrically connected with the main controller. The length of the telescopic pipe 412 is adjusted and controlled through the electric cylinder, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the position of the branch inlet of the branch inlet body 41 in the transverse direction of the fishway 2.

[0042] The branch inlet longitudinal adjustment assembly 42 comprises a fixed base 420 and a moving trolley A 421, the top of the fixed base 420 is provided with two slide rails A 422 and a rack A 423 side by side, the moving trolley A 421 is arranged on the two slide rails A 422 and is in transmission connection with the rack A 423.

[0043] The mobile trolley A421 comprises a trolley body A4210 and a servo motor A4211, the trolley body A4210 is slidably connected with two slide rails A422 through two slide blocks A4212 respectively, the servo motor A4211 is electrically connected with the main controller, a gear A4213 is arranged on an output shaft of the servo motor A4211, and the gear A4213 is engaged with a rack A423. When the servo motor A4211 is started, the servo motor A4211 drives the gear A4213 to rotate, since the gear A4213 is engaged with the rack A423 and the trolley body A4210 is slidably connected with the two slide rails A422 through the two slide blocks A4212 respectively, the mobile trolley A421 moves along the longitudinal direction of the slide rails A422, and drives the branch inlet of the branch inlet main body 41 to move along the longitudinal direction of the fishway 2 through the branch inlet height adjusting assembly 43.

[0044] The branch inlet height adjusting assembly 43 comprises a supporting bracket 430, a mobile trolley B431 and a winch 432, the supporting bracket 430 is arranged on the mobile trolley A421, two slide rails B433 and a rack B434 are arranged side by side on the supporting bracket 430, the mobile trolley B431 is arranged on the two slide rails B433 and is in transmission connection with the rack B434, and the winch 432 is arranged on the mobile trolley B431 and is connected with an end of the branch inlet main body 41 away from the fishway 2, and the winch 432 is electrically connected with the main controller.

[0045] A reinforcing frame 435 is arranged at the bottom of the supporting bracket 430, a slide rail C424 is arranged on the side wall of the fixed base 420, and the reinforcing frame 435 is slidably connected with the slide rail C424 through a slide block C436. In use, a steel rope 4320 in the winch 432 is connected with an end of the telescopic pipe 412 away from the fishway 2, and when the winch 432 is started, the branch inlet of the branch inlet main body 41 can be controlled to move upward or downward through the steel rope 4320, so as to adapt to the real-time change of the water level below the dam and improve the probability of fish in different water layers entering the telescopic pipe 412 through the branch inlet.

[0046] The mobile trolley B431 comprises a trolley body B4310 and a servo motor B4311, the trolley body B4310 is slidably connected with the two slide rails B433 through two slide blocks B4312 respectively, the servo motor B4311 is electrically connected with the main controller, a gear B is arranged on an output shaft of the servo motor B4311, and the gear B is engaged with the rack B434. When the electric cylinder adjusts and controls the length of the telescopic pipe 412, the servo motor B4311 is started to drive the gear B to rotate, since the gear B is engaged with the rack B434 and the trolley body B4310 is slidably connected with the two slide rails B433 through the two slide blocks B4312 respectively, the mobile trolley B431 moves along the longitudinal direction of the slide rails B433, so that the position of the winch 432 is adapted to the length of the telescopic pipe 412.

[0047] A fishway inlet system operation method suitable for complex environmental conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step one, the fish population downstream of the dam 1 is attracted by the induced flow of the power generation tail water, and approaches the water area of the power generation tail water section, part of the fish enters the fishway 2 from the main inlet 3 and gradually ascends into the water body upstream of the dam 1 along the fishway 2, and the other part of the fish is not directly attracted into the fishway 2 along the main inlet 3 due to unclear induction of the attracted flow or induction of the dam 1 discharge attraction flow, but continues to ascend to the water area between the main inlet 3 and the dam 1.

[0049] Step two, the fish cluster area in the water area between the main inlet 3 and the dam 1 is detected by the fish detector, and then the branch inlet on the telescopic pipe 412 is adjusted to the fish cluster area through the cooperation of the telescopic drive assembly 413, the branch inlet longitudinal adjustment assembly 42 and the branch inlet height adjustment assembly 43, so as to improve the success rate of the lost fish finding the fishway inlet successfully.

[0050] The fishway inlet system suitable for complex environmental conditions has the following working principle:

[0051] Part of the river water upstream of the dam 1 enters the fishway 2 through the outlet 204, and the flow in the fishway 2 flows out from the main inlet 3 and the branch inlet respectively, forming fish-attracting flow. The flow in the fishway can also be supplemented by a special water supplementing facility.

[0052] After the fish detector detects the fish cluster area, the main controller starts the servo motor A4211 to drive the gear A4213 to rotate according to the relative position relationship between the fish cluster area and the branch inlet of the branch inlet main body 41, and since the gear A4213 is engaged with the rack A423 and the trolley main body A4210 is respectively connected with the two slide rails A422 through the sliding blocks A4212, the moving trolley A421 moves along the longitudinal direction of the slide rail A422, and the branch inlet of the branch inlet main body 41 moves along the longitudinal direction of the fishway 2 through the branch inlet height adjustment assembly 43.

[0053] The length of the telescopic pipe 412 is adjusted by starting the electric cylinder to adjust the position of the branch inlet of the branch inlet main body 41 in the transverse direction of the fishway 2. At the same time of starting the electric cylinder, the servo motor B4311 is started to drive the gear B to rotate, and since the gear B is engaged with the rack B434 and the trolley main body B4310 is respectively connected with the two slide rails B433 through the sliding blocks B4312, the moving trolley B431 moves along the slide rail B433, so that the position of the winch 432 is adapted to the length of the telescopic pipe 412.

[0054] The winch 432 is started to control the upward or downward movement of the branch inlet body 41 through the steel rope 4320. After adjustment, the branch inlet is moved to the fish aggregation area, and the height is adjusted to adapt to the real-time change of the water level downstream of the dam. Fish enter the branch inlet body 41 through the branch inlet, then enter the fishway 2, and swim up the fishway 2 to the upstream water body of the dam 1.

[0055] The servo motor A4211, the electric cylinder and the winch 432 are not started every time, but are determined according to the relative position relationship between the fish aggregation area detected by the fish finder and the branch inlet.

[0056] The branch inlet mechanism 4 in the application can be additionally provided beside the main inlet 3 as a fishway branch inlet, and can also be directly applied to the traditional fishway inlet to directly realize efficient fish aggregation of the fishway inlet.

Claims

1. A fish passage entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions, characterized by: The dam (1), the fishway (2) and the branch inlet mechanism (4) are included, the fishway (2) is arranged along the bank slope of one side of the dam (1) and crosses the dam (1), and the branch inlet mechanism (4) is arranged downstream of the dam (1) and communicates with the fishway (2); The branch inlet mechanism (4) includes a main controller, a branch inlet body (41), a branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly (42) and a branch inlet height adjusting assembly (43), the main controller is arranged on the branch inlet body (41), the branch inlet body (41) and the branch inlet height adjusting assembly (43) are arranged along the transverse direction of the fishway (2), one end of the branch inlet body (41) communicates with the fishway (2), the branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly (42) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the fishway (2), and the branch inlet height adjusting assembly (43) is arranged on the branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly (42) and connected with the other end of the branch inlet body (41) away from the fishway (2).

2. The fishway entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions of claim 1, wherein: The fishway (2) is a vertical slot type fishway, the upstream end of the fishway (2) is an outlet (204), the outlet (204) extends into the water body upstream of the dam (1), and the downstream end of the fishway (2) is a main inlet (3), and the main inlet (3) is provided with a main inlet gate (301).

3. The fishway entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions of claim 2, wherein: The branch inlet body (41) includes a fixed pipe (410) and a telescopic pipe (412), the fixed pipe (410) is arranged on a pipe supporting base (414), one end of the telescopic pipe (412) is connected with one end of the fixed pipe (410) through a flexible joint (411), the other end of the telescopic pipe (412) is used as a branch inlet, and the end is provided with a branch inlet gate (415) and a fish finder, the branch inlet gate (415) and the fish finder are electrically connected with the main controller, and the telescopic pipe (412) is provided with a telescopic driving assembly (413).

4. The fishway entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions of claim 3, wherein: The telescopic pipe (412) includes a first rectangular pipe (4121), a second rectangular pipe (4122) and a third rectangular pipe (4123), the first rectangular pipe (4121) is located inside the second rectangular pipe (4122) and is in sliding connection with the second rectangular pipe (4122), the second rectangular pipe (4122) is located inside the third rectangular pipe (4123) and is in sliding connection with the third rectangular pipe (4123), the third rectangular pipe (4123) is connected with the flexible joint (411), and the bottoms of the inside of the first rectangular pipe (4121), the second rectangular pipe (4122) and the third rectangular pipe (4123) are fixedly provided with gravel (4124). The telescopic driving assembly (413) is an electric cylinder, one end of the electric cylinder is connected with the third rectangular pipe (4123), the other end of the electric cylinder is connected with the first rectangular pipe (4121), and the electric cylinder is electrically connected with the main controller.

5. The fishway entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions of claim 1, wherein: The branch inlet longitudinal adjusting assembly (42) includes a fixed base (420) and a moving trolley A (421), the top of the fixed base (420) is provided with two slide rails A (422) and a rack A (423) side by side, and the moving trolley A (421) is arranged on the two slide rails A (422) and is in transmission connection with the rack A (423).

6. The fishway entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions of claim 5, wherein: The mobile trolley A (421) comprises a trolley body A (4210) and a servo motor A (4211), the trolley body A (4210) is slidably connected with the two slide rails A (422) through the slide blocks A (4212) respectively, the servo motor A (4211) is electrically connected with the main controller, a gear A (4213) is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor A (4211), and the gear A (4213) is engaged with the rack A (423).

7. The fishway entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions of claim 5, wherein: The support support (430) is arranged on the mobile trolley A (421), two slide rails B (433) and a rack B (434) are arranged side by side on the support support (430), the mobile trolley B (431) is arranged on the two slide rails B (433) and is in transmission connection with the rack B (434), the winch (432) is arranged on the mobile trolley B (431) and is connected with one end of the branch inlet body (41) away from the fishway (2), and the winch (432) is electrically connected with the main controller; The bottom of the support support (430) is provided with a reinforcing frame (435), and the sidewall of the fixed base (420) is provided with a slide rail C (424), and the reinforcing frame (435) is slidably connected with the slide rail C (424) through the slide block C (436).

8. The fish passage entrance system adapted to complex environmental conditions of claim 7, wherein: The mobile trolley B (431) comprises a trolley body B (4310) and a servo motor B (4311), the trolley body B (4310) is slidably connected with the two slide rails B (433) through the slide blocks B (4312) respectively, the servo motor B (4311) is electrically connected with the main controller, a gear B is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor B (4311), and the gear B is engaged with the rack B (434).

9. A method of operating a fish pass inlet system adapted to complex environmental conditions as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterised in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step one, the fish group downstream of the dam (1) is attracted by the induced water flow of the power generation tail water, and approaches the water area of the power generation tail water section, part of the fish enters the fishway (2) from the main inlet (3) and gradually ascends into the water body upstream of the dam (1) along the fishway (2), and the other part of the fish is not directly guided into the fishway (2) along the main inlet (3) due to unclear attraction of the induced water flow or attraction of the induced water flow of the dam (1), but continues to ascend to the water area between the main inlet (3) and the dam (1); Step two, the fish group area in the water area between the main inlet (3) and the dam (1) is detected by the fish detector, then the branch inlet on the telescopic pipe (412) is adjusted to the fish group area by the telescopic drive assembly (413), the branch inlet longitudinal adjustment assembly (42) and the branch inlet height adjustment assembly (43) to improve the success rate of the fish group finding the fishway inlet successfully.

Images