Drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction, large-diameter pile hole construction device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction, a large-diameter pile hole construction device and a method, the drill bit includes a connecting mechanism, a barrel, a machine base, a first cutting mechanism, a first driving component and an outer barrel, the barrel is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the connecting mechanism, the machine base is arranged in the barrel, a guide mechanism is arranged on the machine base, the first cutting mechanism is movably arranged on the guide mechanism, the first cutting mechanism is used for transverse cutting, the first driving component is arranged on the machine base and connected with the first cutting mechanism to drive the first cutting mechanism to move so that the cutting part extends out of the barrel, and the outer barrel is fixed on the outer side of the barrel for ring cutting of rock formations. In the process of construction using the drill bit, it is only necessary to drill the center hole first, and then transverse cutting and annular grooving can be performed during the drilling process to form an annular core, and the core can be taken out to form a borehole of the target diameter, the number of drilling and hole expansion is small, the crushing volume is reduced, the construction process is greatly simplified, and the construction efficiency of large-diameter pile holes is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building pile foundations, and in particular to a drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction, a large-diameter pile hole construction device and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the diameter of the construction piles becomes larger and the ground hardness becomes stronger, the construction process of rotary drilling of pile holes becomes more and more complicated. The traditional construction method is to drill in layers in the diameter direction. Taking a three-meter diameter rock pile as an example, it is generally divided into four layers of drilling and expansion three times, that is, first use a drill bit with a diameter of one and a half meters for drilling construction. After the construction is completed, drill bits with diameters of two meters, two and a half meters, and three meters are used in turn for layered drilling. In the process of drilling and expanding each layer, it is necessary to use a sand bucket of corresponding specifications to remove slag and clean the bottom. The above operation requires the use of a variety of drilling tools, and various drill bits need to be replaced frequently. The process is cumbersome, which not only wastes a lot of time and a large number of drilling tools, but also has low work efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, how to simplify the construction process of large-diameter pile holes and improve work efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction. During the large-diameter pile hole drilling process, the outer rock layer of the center hole can be transversely cut and annularly grooved to form an annular core. The annular core can be taken out as a whole to achieve hole expansion, thereby reducing the number of hole expansions and the crushing volume, greatly simplifying the construction process and improving construction efficiency. The present invention also provides a large-diameter pile hole construction device and a construction method thereof, which also have the above beneficial effects.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction, comprising:

[0007] A connecting mechanism, the connecting mechanism is used to connect to a drill rod of a drilling rig;

[0008] A cylinder body is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the connecting mechanism, and an opening is arranged on one side of the cylinder body;

[0009] A machine base is arranged in the cylinder, and a guide mechanism and a first driving component are arranged on the machine base, wherein the guide mechanism is arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder and is opposite to the opening;

[0010] a first cutting mechanism, movably disposed on the guide mechanism and connected to the first driving component; the first driving component is used to drive the first cutting mechanism to move along the guide mechanism so that the cutting portion of the first cutting mechanism can extend from the opening, and the first cutting mechanism is used to perform transverse cutting;

[0011] The outer cylinder is coaxially fixed on the outside of the cylinder body, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is evenly provided with first cutting tools along the circumferential direction. The maximum distance that the cutting part of the first cutting mechanism extends out of the cylinder body is equal to the distance between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the cylinder body.

[0012] Furthermore, the first cutting mechanism includes a mounting seat, a central shaft, a saw blade and a second driving component. The central shaft can be rotatably mounted on the mounting seat, the saw blade is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft, and the mounting seat is arranged on the guide mechanism. The first driving component is connected to the mounting seat to drive the mounting seat to move along the guide mechanism so that the saw blade extends from the opening, and the second driving component is connected to the central shaft to drive the central shaft to rotate and drive the saw blade to perform transverse cutting.

[0013] Furthermore, second cutting tools are evenly arranged on the bottom of the cylinder along the circumferential direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the drill bit also includes a lower cylinder, which is connected to the lower part of the cylinder through a lower rotary support structure, and the cylinder can rotate relative to the lower cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a third cutting tool is evenly arranged on the bottom of the lower cylinder along the circumferential direction.

[0016] Furthermore, a first wedge block is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder, the first wedge block is located at the lower side of the first cutting mechanism, and the sharp corner of the first wedge block faces downward;

[0017] And / or, a second wedge-shaped block is disposed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, and a sharp corner of the second wedge-shaped block faces downward.

[0018] A construction device for a large-diameter pile hole comprises a drilling machine body and the above-mentioned drill bit, wherein the drill bit is mounted on the drilling machine body through a connecting mechanism.

[0019] Furthermore, the construction device also includes a vertical cutting drill bit, which is used to be installed on the drilling rig body. The vertical cutting drill bit includes a second cutting mechanism, and the second cutting mechanism is used for vertical cutting.

[0020] A method for constructing a large-diameter pile hole, using the large-diameter pile hole construction device described above, comprises the following steps:

[0021] Position and lay out the piles according to the pile layout diagram, and drill a hole at the center of the target pile hole to form a center hole;

[0022] Taking the central hole as the center, transverse cutting and annular grooving are performed to form an annular core;

[0023] The annular core is taken out to complete the target pile hole; or, the above steps are repeated until the target pile hole is completed.

[0024] A large-diameter pile hole construction method, using the large-diameter pile hole construction device, comprises the following steps:

[0025] Position and lay out according to the pile layout diagram, and drill the initial hole of the center hole at the center of the target pile hole;

[0026] Taking the initial hole as the center, and simultaneously performing center hole drilling and annular grooving at the location of the target pile hole;

[0027] A first cutting mechanism is used to perform transverse cutting to form an annular core, and a first wedge-shaped block on the inner wall of the cylinder is used to break off the core of the central hole;

[0028] The annular core and the center hole core are taken out to complete the target pile hole; or, the above steps are repeated until the target pile hole is completed.

[0029] The drill bit, construction device and construction method for large-diameter pile hole construction provided by the present invention can first drill a center hole, and then use the drill bit to cut the rock layer radially outward at a certain depth of the center hole, and can perform annular grooving downward from the outside of the center hole. An annular core is formed between the annular groove and the transverse cutting surface. The diameter of the annular groove can be determined according to the aperture of the target pile hole. The center hole can be drilled to the depth of the target pile hole at one time as needed, and then annular grooving and transverse cutting are performed. The annular core formed by cutting is taken out to form a target pile hole with a larger diameter. The types of drill bits used are reduced, and there is no need to frequently change different drill bits, which simplifies the construction process, reduces the number of hole expansion times, and greatly improves the construction work efficiency. At the same time, the number of drilling and hole expansion times is small, which helps to improve the straightness of the formed pile hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of a drill bit used for large-diameter pile hole construction in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction in Example 1 of the present invention (the saw blade is in the barrel);

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction in Example 1 of the present invention (the saw blade extends out of the barrel);

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 a top view of a first cutting mechanism;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 3 a top view of a first cutting mechanism;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a third implementation mode of a drill bit (outer tube structure is not shown) used for large-diameter pile hole construction in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth implementation mode of a drill bit (outer cylinder structure is not shown) used for large-diameter pile hole construction in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fifth implementation mode of a drill bit (outer tube structure is not shown) used for large-diameter pile hole construction in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sixth implementation mode of a drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit taking out the annular core;

[0041] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical cutting drill bit in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of another implementation mode of the vertical cutting drill bit in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 for Fig.11 The cross-sectional view of the annular core after vertical cutting by the drill bit;

[0044] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a first construction method for large-diameter pile hole construction using the drill bit in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a second construction method for constructing a large-diameter pile hole using the drill bit in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of a third construction method for large-diameter pile hole construction using the drill bit in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of a construction method for constructing large-diameter pile holes using the drill bit in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure markings: connecting mechanism 1, cylinder 2, opening 201, first wedge block 202, machine base 3, first guide rail 301, second guide rail 302, first cutting mechanism 4, saw blade 401, mounting seat 402, center axis 403, first driving component 5, second driving component 6, upper cylinder 7, upper rotary support structure 8, second cutting tool 9, lower cylinder 10, lower rotary support structure 11, third cutting tool 12, outer cylinder 13, second wedge block 1301, first cutting tool 14, third driving component 15, center hole 16, annular core 17, step 18, transverse cutting surface 19, annular cutting groove 20, center hole core 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly set on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0051] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0053] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0054] In the present application, "transverse" refers to the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder, that is, the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the center hole; "vertical" refers to the direction parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder or the center hole, which is perpendicular to the "transverse" direction.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as Figure 1 As shown, a drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction comprises:

[0057] A connecting mechanism 1, wherein the connecting mechanism 1 is used to be connected to a drill rod of a drilling rig;

[0058] The cylinder 2 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the connecting mechanism 1, and an opening 201 is arranged on one side of the cylinder 2;

[0059] A machine base 3 is disposed in the cylinder 2. A guide mechanism and a first driving component 5 are disposed on the machine base 3. The guide mechanism is arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder 2 and is opposite to the opening 201.

[0060] A first cutting mechanism 4 is movably disposed on the guide mechanism and connected to the first driving component 5; the first driving component 5 is used to drive the first cutting mechanism 4 to move along the guide mechanism so that the cutting portion of the first cutting mechanism 4 can extend from the opening 201, and the first cutting mechanism 4 is used to perform transverse cutting;

[0061] The outer cylinder 13 is coaxially fixed on the outside of the cylinder body 2, and the bottom of the outer cylinder 2 is evenly provided with first cutting tools 14 along the circumferential direction. The maximum distance that the cutting part of the first cutting mechanism 4 extends out of the cylinder body 2 is equal to the distance between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 13 and the outer wall of the cylinder body 2.

[0062] The drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction provided in this embodiment has an outer cylinder 13 coaxial with the cylinder body 2, and the top of the outer cylinder 13 is detachably fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder body 2, and a first cutting tool 14 is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 13. The first driving component 5 is preferably a cylinder or an electric cylinder. When in use, the drill bit is fixedly mounted on the drill rod of the drilling rig through the connecting mechanism 1, and the drill rod drives the cylinder body 2 to rotate. The drill rod itself and the outer side of the cylinder body 2 are positioned, so that the outer cylinder 13 and the cylinder body 2 rotate along the center of the center hole 16, and the first cutting tool 14 cuts the rock formation downward. During drilling, the first driving component 5 drives the first cutting mechanism 4 to move along the guide mechanism, and the first cutting mechanism 4 moves along the radial direction of the chimney from the inside of the cylinder 2 to the outside of the cylinder 2, and the cutting part of the first cutting mechanism 4 extends from the opening 201 of the cylinder 2 to the outside of the cylinder 2, and transversely cuts the rock layer outside the center hole 16. Since the drill rod drives the cylinder 2 to rotate, the cylinder 2 rotates along the center of the center hole 16, so that the first cutting mechanism 4 can cut the rock layer along the circumference of the center hole 16, forming a transverse section around the center hole 16.

[0063] Preferably, by adjusting the distance that the first driving component 5 drives the first cutting mechanism 4 to move along the guide mechanism, the position of the saw blade 401 extending out of the cylinder 2 can be adjusted according to the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 13 or the actual required transverse cutting outer diameter.

[0064] Specifically, the first cutting tool 14 includes a tool holder and a cutter. The bottom of the outer cylinder 13 is evenly provided with a plurality of tool holders along the circumferential direction. At least one cutter is provided on each tool holder. The cutter is tilted downward and the axial direction of the cutter forms an angle with the vertical direction. Each cutter on the same tool holder forms an angle. The first cutting tool 14 is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 13. The drill rod drives the outer cylinder 13 to rotate. The lower end of the outer cylinder 13 can continuously cut the rock formation downward. The drill rod and the lower end of the cylinder 2 form a positioning together, so that the outer cylinder 13 and the cylinder 2 rotate along the center, which helps to improve the linearity of the hole.

[0065] During the construction of the target pile hole, the working process of this embodiment is described by taking the target pile hole with a hole diameter of 3 meters as an example. Fig.14As shown, a, b, c, and d represent the various construction stages in the construction sequence. Specifically, in step a, a drill bit with a diameter of 1.5 meters to 1.8 meters is first used to drill a hole in the center of the target hole to form a center hole 16. The center hole 16 can be drilled in sections. Then, the drill bit of this embodiment is used to position the cylinder 2 in the center hole 16 (the outer diameter of the cylinder 2 is consistent with the inner diameter of the center hole 16), and the outer cylinder 13 is coaxially placed on the rock layer outside the center hole 16. The outer diameter of the outer cylinder 13 is 3 meters; in step b, the drill rod drives the cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 13 to rotate synchronously. First, the first cutting mechanism 4 cuts the rock layer radially outward at a certain depth of the center hole 16; in step c, the outer cylinder 13 performs annular cutting from the outside of the center hole 16 downward to form an annular groove 20. The annular groove 20 and the transverse cutting surface 19 cut the rock layer outside the center hole 16 into an annular core 17; in step d, the annular core 17 is hung by the step 18 at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 13. Fig.10 As shown, the annular core 17 is lifted out of the borehole with the drill bit as a whole, and a borehole with an inner diameter of 3 meters is formed. The outer cylinder 13 and the first cutting mechanism 4 are continued to be used for drilling, until the hole depth reaches the bottom of the target hole, and a target pile hole with a hole diameter of 3 meters is formed. If a target pile hole with a hole diameter of 4.5 meters needs to be formed, a larger-sized drill bit can be replaced on the basis of the 3-meter hole diameter drilling. The outer diameter of the outer cylinder 13 of the drill bit is 4.5 meters. The 3-meter hole is used as the center hole 16, and the hole is expanded to 4.5 meters. One hole expansion can form a target pile hole with a hole diameter of 4.5 meters. The working process is the same as above and will not be repeated here.

[0066] The bottom of the outer cylinder 13 may be higher than the plane where the first cutting mechanism 4 is located. Fig.14 As shown, the bottom of the outer cylinder 13 may also be lower than the plane where the first cutting mechanism 4 is located. Fig.15 shown. Fig.15 In the process, the outer cylinder 13 is first cut in an annular manner, and then the first cutting mechanism 4 is used to cut horizontally, so that an annular core can also be formed. Specifically, in step a, a drill bit with a diameter of 1.5 meters to 1.8 meters is used to drill a hole in the center of the target hole to form a center hole 16. The drill bit of this embodiment is used to place the cylinder body 2 in the center hole 16, and the outer cylinder 13 is coaxially placed on the rock layer outside the center hole 16; in step b, the outer cylinder 13 is cut in an annular manner downward from the outside of the center hole 16 to form an annular groove 20; in step c, the first cutting mechanism 4 is started to cut the rock layer horizontally outward along the radial direction of the center hole 16 to form an annular core; in step d, the annular core 17 is hung by the step 18 at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 13.

[0067] The diameter of the center hole 16 is equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder 2, so that the cylinder 2 can be placed in the center hole 16. The diameter of the annular groove 20 can be determined according to the diameter of the target pile hole. The center hole 16 can be drilled to the depth of the target pile hole at one time as needed, and then the annular groove 20 and transverse cutting are performed, and the multiple annular cores 17 formed by cutting are taken out to form the target pile hole. The drill bit provided in this embodiment integrates annular cutting and transverse cutting. The drill bit is used to construct large-diameter pile holes, which reduces the types of drill bits used, does not require frequent replacement of different drill bits, simplifies the construction process, and reduces the number of hole expansions, greatly improving the construction work efficiency. In addition, the center hole 16 is used for construction, and the annular groove 20 and transverse cutting are used to form the annular core 17, which reduces the volume of rock stratum crushing and further improves the construction efficiency. In the prior art, it is necessary to repeatedly replace the auger (drilling into hard rock) and the sand scoop to drill downward, and it is necessary to expand the hole multiple times, resulting in poor straightness of the entire hole. However, in the present technical solution, the number of drilling and expanding is reduced, which helps to improve the straightness of the pile hole.

[0068] In this embodiment, the bottom of the barrel 2 is preferably uniformly provided with second cutting tools 9 along the circumferential direction. The structure of the second cutting tool 9 is similar to that of the first cutting tool 14. The second cutting tool 9 is provided at the bottom of the barrel 2. On the one hand, the lower end of the barrel 2 can cut the bottom of the hole, and the lower end of the barrel 2 and the upper drill rod are positioned together so that the barrel 2 rotates along the center, which helps to improve the linearity of the hole; on the other hand, the barrel 2 can directly cut the rock formation to form a center hole core 21, without the need to drill the center hole 16 in advance.

[0069] In this embodiment, specifically, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the first cutting mechanism 4 includes a mounting seat 402, a central shaft 403, a saw blade 401 and a second driving component 6. The central shaft 403 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 402, the saw blade 401 is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft 403, the mounting seat 402 is arranged on the guide mechanism, the first driving component 5 is connected to the mounting seat 402 to drive the mounting seat 402 to move along the guide mechanism so that the saw blade 401 extends out of the opening, and the second driving component 6 is connected to the central shaft 403 to drive the central shaft 403 to rotate and drive the saw blade 401 to perform horizontal cutting. Specifically, the saw blade 401 is arranged horizontally, the saw blade 401 is circular, and the saw blade 401 is evenly provided with saw teeth along the circumference. The first driving component 5 drives the mounting seat 402 to drive the saw blade 401 and the second driving component 6 to move along the guide mechanism so that the saw blade 401 is partially moved out of the opening and is outside the cylinder 2. The second driving component 6 is preferably a motor. The second driving component 6 drives the central axis 403 to rotate and drives the saw blade 401 to rotate for cutting.

[0070] In order to make the first cutting mechanism 4 and the second driving component 6 move more smoothly, in this embodiment, the guide mechanism includes a first guide rail 301 and a second guide rail 302 arranged in parallel up and down, the second driving component 6 can be movably arranged on the first guide rail 301, and the mounting seat 402 can be movably arranged on the second guide rail 302. Specifically, the base 3 of the second driving component 6 is fixedly connected with the mounting seat 402, and the output shaft of the second driving component 6 is transmission-connected with the central shaft 403, the base 3 is slidably arranged on the first guide rail 301, the mounting seat 402 is slidably arranged on the second guide rail 302, and the first driving component 5 drives the mounting seat 402 to move, so that the second driving component 6 and the mounting seat 402 move synchronously.

[0071] This embodiment optimizes the above technical solution. Figure 6 As shown, the drill bit includes an upper cylinder 7, the connection mechanism 1 is arranged on the upper cylinder 7, the upper cylinder 7 is connected to the upper part of the cylinder 2 through the upper rotary support structure 8, and the upper cylinder 7 is provided with a third driving component 15, and the third driving component 15 is used to drive the cylinder 2 to rotate. Specifically, the outer diameter of the upper cylinder 7 is the same as the outer diameter of the cylinder 2, the upper cylinder 7 is fixedly installed on the drill rod through the connection structure 1, and the drill bit is lowered to a certain depth position in the center hole 16 through the drill rod. The outer wall of the upper cylinder 7 and the hole wall of the center hole 16 are rubbed or supported by the movable structure to keep the upper cylinder 7 relatively motionless, the upper cylinder 7 and the cylinder 2 are connected through the upper rotary support structure 8, and the third driving component 15 is preferably a motor. The third driving component 15 drives the cylinder 2 to rotate relative to the upper cylinder 7 through the upper rotary support structure 8, driving the saw blade 401 to perform annular cutting, and realizing the horizontal cutting of the outer rock layer of the center hole 16. The upper cylinder 7 is used to position the rotation of the cylinder 2 so that the cylinder 2 rotates along the center of the center hole 16, so that the formed hole has good linearity.

[0072] In order to further improve the linearity of the hole, Figure 7 and 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the drill bit further includes a lower cylinder 1010, which is connected to the lower part of the cylinder 2 through the lower rotary support structure 11, and the cylinder 2 can rotate relative to the lower cylinder 1010. The upper cylinder 7, the lower cylinder 1010 and the center hole 16 are relatively fixed, and the upper cylinder 7 and the lower cylinder 1010 cooperate to simultaneously position the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 2, so that the positioning effect of the cylinder 2 during the rotation process is better, and the third driving component 15 drives the cylinder 2 to rotate only along the center of the center hole 16, so that the pile hole has better linearity.

[0073] Preferably, Figure 8As shown, the bottom of the lower cylinder 1010 is evenly provided with third cutting tools 12 along the circumferential direction. Specifically, the structure of the third cutting tool 12 is the same as that of the second cutting tool 9. The third cutting tool 12 is provided at the bottom of the lower cylinder 1010, and the lower end surface of the lower cylinder 1010 is pressed downward to form friction with the bottom surface of the center hole 16, which helps the lower cylinder 1010 to remain relatively fixed.

[0074] In this embodiment, a first wedge block 202 is preferably provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 2, the first wedge block 202 is located at the lower side of the first cutting mechanism 4, and the sharp corner of the first wedge block 202 faces downward; and / or a second wedge block 1301 is provided on the inner side of the outer cylinder 13, and the sharp corner of the second wedge block 1301 faces downward. The inner wall of the cylinder 2 is evenly provided with a plurality of first wedge blocks 202 along the circumference. When the cylinder 2 is drilled downward to form the center hole core 21, the first wedge block 202 rotates with the cylinder 2, which helps to break the center hole core 202. The inner wall of the outer cylinder 13 is evenly provided with a plurality of second wedge blocks 1301 along the circumference. Sometimes, the first cutting mechanism 4 fails to completely cut the lower end face of the annular core 17, and the second wedge block 1301 can assist in breaking the annular core 17.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment provides a construction device for a large-diameter pile hole, including a drilling rig body and the drill bit mentioned above, which is mounted on the drilling rig body through a connecting mechanism. The construction device includes the drill bit mentioned above and also has the beneficial effects of the drill bit mentioned above. By performing transverse cutting and annular grooving, an annular core 17 can be formed. By taking out the annular core 17, a target pile hole with a large aperture can be obtained, which reduces the types of drill bits used, does not require frequent replacement of different drill bits, simplifies the construction process, reduces the number of hole expansion times, and greatly improves the work efficiency of the construction. In addition, the fewer times of drilling and hole expansion help to improve the straightness of the pile hole.

[0077] This embodiment is preferred, such as Fig.11As shown, it also includes a vertical cutting drill bit, which is used to be installed on the drilling rig body. The vertical cutting drill bit includes a second cutting mechanism, and the second cutting mechanism is used for vertical cutting. The vertical cutting drill bit is similar to the structure inside the barrel of the aforementioned drill bit. The second cutting mechanism is arranged perpendicular to the first cutting mechanism, so that the saw blade 401 of the second cutting mechanism is in a vertical state parallel to the moving direction, and the saw blade 401 in a vertical state can extend from the opening 201. Specifically, a fourth driving component is provided on the machine base 3, and the fourth driving component is fixed to the inner wall of the barrel 2. The fourth driving component can drive the machine base 3 to rotate, and the fourth driving component preferably adopts a motor. In the above embodiment, if the annular core 17 is not easy to be taken out of the hole as a whole, the vertical cutting drill bit is replaced and installed on the drilling rig body, and the saw blade 401 of the second cutting structure of the vertical cutting drill bit is in a vertical state. The saw blade 401 rotates to vertically cut along the radial direction of the annular core 17, and cooperates with the drill rod to move up and down, so that the annular core 17 is cut into multiple pieces along the radial direction, such as Fig.13 The cross-sectional view of the annular core 17 is shown, which helps to remove the blocks of the annular core 17 from the hole. The vertical cutting drill bit may also include an outer barrel 13, such as Fig.12 As shown, circular cutting and vertical cutting can be performed simultaneously.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] This embodiment provides a large-diameter pile hole construction method, using the large-diameter pile hole construction device described above, including the following steps:

[0080] S1, positioning and laying out according to the pile layout diagram, and drilling at the center of the target pile hole to form a center hole 16;

[0081] First, according to the pile layout diagram, positioning and laying out are performed to position the drilling rig, and a drill bit of 1.5 to 1.8 meters is selected. The drilling is performed according to the parameters required by the design to form a center hole 16. The diameter of the center hole 16 is equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder 2. The center hole 16 can be drilled to the bottom of the target pile hole at one time or in sections. In order to better position, such as Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown in step a in the figure, an initial hole expansion may also be performed on the outer side of the center hole 16 in advance to better place the outer cylinder 13 and help position the outer cylinder 13.

[0082] S2, taking the central hole 16 as the center, performing an annular groove 20 and transverse cutting to form an annular core 17;

[0083] The barrel 2 of the drill bit is placed in the center hole 16, and the outer barrel 13 is coaxially placed on the rock layer outside the center hole 16. The outer barrel 13 performs annular cutting downward on the outside of the center hole 16 to form an annular groove 20. The first cutting mechanism 4 in the barrel 2 extends out of the barrel 2 from the opening 201, and performs transverse cutting radially from a certain depth of the center hole 16 to the outside of the center hole 16. The annular groove and transverse cutting cut the rock layer outside the center hole 16 into an annular core 17. The annular groove and transverse cutting can be performed simultaneously, and the order of the annular groove and transverse cutting can also be determined according to the relative height position of the bottom of the outer barrel 13 and the plane where the first cutting mechanism 4 is located. Fig.15 As shown, when the bottom of the outer cylinder 13 is lower than the plane where the first cutting mechanism 4 is located, the outer cylinder 13 can be started first, so that the outer cylinder 13 rotates to perform annular drilling vertically downward on the outer side of the center hole 16, thereby forming a coaxial annular cutting groove 20 on the outer side of the center hole 16, and then the first cutting mechanism 4 is started, so that the first cutting mechanism 4 extends out of the cylinder body 2 and performs transverse cutting radially outward along the center hole 16. As the drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate, the first cutting mechanism 4 rotates along the circumference of the center hole 16, thereby forming a transverse cutting surface 19, and an annular core 17 is formed between the annular cutting groove 20 and the transverse cutting surface 19. This process is repeated downward until the bottom of the target pile hole is reached. Fig.14 As shown, when the bottom of the outer cylinder 13 is higher than the plane where the first cutting mechanism 4 is located, transverse cutting can be performed first, and then annular drilling can be performed. The specific operations of the two are the same as those described above. Fig.16 As shown, when the cylinder 2 is long and the first cutting mechanism 4 is located at the bottom of the cylinder 2, the rock layer outside the center hole 16 can be cut horizontally multiple times along the axial direction of the center hole 16 at equal distances, and then the outer cylinder 13 is started to perform annular cutting, thereby forming an annular core 17.

[0084] like Fig.16 As shown in a to g: in step a, a 1.5-1.8 m drill bit is used to drill a hole at the center of the target pile hole to form a center hole 16, and an initial hole is expanded in advance on the outside of the center hole 16; in steps b and c, the barrel 2 of the drill bit is placed in the center hole 16, and the outer cylinder 13 is coaxially placed in the initial hole expanded on the outside of the center hole 16, and the first cutting mechanism 4 performs transverse cutting of the rock formation outside the center hole 16 multiple times along the axial direction at equal distances in the center hole 16; in step d, the outer cylinder 13 performs annular cutting downward from the outside of the center hole 16 to form an annular groove 20 to form an annular core; in step e, the annular core 17 is suspended by the step 18 at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 13 to form a pile hole of a certain depth; in step f, the outer cylinder 13 continues to perform annular cutting downward from the outside of the center hole 16 to form an annular groove 20 to form an annular core; in step g, the annular core 17 is suspended by the step 18 at the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 13 to form a deeper pile hole.

[0085] S3, taking out the annular core 17, completing the target pile hole; or, repeating the above steps until the target pile hole is completed.

[0086] Specifically, after the annular core 17 is formed, the annular core 17 is taken out from the hole, and the annular core 17 can be taken out as a whole, or the annular core 17 can be broken and then taken out. Preferably, the annular core 17 is cut radially by a second cutting mechanism to form multiple pieces, and each piece of the core is then taken out from the hole to complete the target pile hole. When the pile hole depth is large, steps S2 and S3 can be repeated until the pile hole depth reaches the target depth.

[0087] The large-diameter pile hole construction method provided in this embodiment uses the above-mentioned drill bit to perform transverse cutting and annular grooving, has fewer construction steps, does not require frequent replacement of various drill bits, and requires fewer types of drill bits, which greatly saves time and drill bits, improves construction efficiency, and has better linearity of the hole.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] like Fig.17 As shown, this embodiment provides a large-diameter pile hole construction method, using the large-diameter pile hole construction device described above, including the following steps:

[0090] S1, positioning and laying out according to the pile layout diagram, and drilling at the center of the target pile hole to form an initial hole of the center hole 16;

[0091] like Fig.17 As shown in a, firstly, positioning and laying out are performed according to the pile layout diagram, the drilling rig is positioned, a drill bit of 1.5 to 1.8 meters is selected, and drilling is performed according to the parameters required by the design to form an initial hole of the center hole 16. The initial hole depth is relatively shallow and only needs to meet the installation of the cylinder 2. Of course, in order to position the outer cylinder 13, an initial expansion hole can also be performed outside the initial hole. The hole diameter of the initial expansion hole is equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 13, so that the outer cylinder 13 can be placed in the initial expansion hole.

[0092] S2, taking the initial hole as the center, and simultaneously drilling the center hole 16 and cutting the annular groove at the position of the target pile hole;

[0093] The bottom of the outer cylinder 13 of the drill bit is higher than the plane where the first cutting mechanism 4 is located, and the bottom of the cylinder 2 is at a certain distance from the first cutting mechanism 4. The cylinder 2 is placed in the initial hole, and the outer cylinder 13 is coaxially arranged in the initial expansion hole outside the initial hole. At the same time, the drill rod is started. Fig.17 As shown in b, the drill rod drives the outer cylinder 13 and the cylinder body 2 to rotate and drill downward, and the annular groove cutting and the center hole 16 drilling are carried out simultaneously, and the center hole core 21 is formed inside the cylinder body 2. There is no need to drill the center hole 16 in advance, which simplifies the construction process and is conducive to improving construction efficiency.

[0094] S3, using the first cutting mechanism to perform transverse cutting to form an annular core 17, and using the first wedge block 202 on the inner wall of the cylinder 2 to break off the center hole core;

[0095] like Fig.17 As shown in Figure c, when the outer cylinder 13 and the cylinder body 2 are drilled down to a certain depth, the first cutting mechanism 4 is started to perform transverse cutting, and an annular core 17 is formed between the transverse cutting surface 19 and the annular cutting groove. After the transverse cutting is completed, the drill bit is lifted upward, and the drill bit rotates at the same time, and the first wedge block 202 on the inner wall of the cylinder hangs the center hole core 21, so that the center hole core 21 can be broken.

[0096] S4, taking out the annular core 17 and the center hole core 21 to complete the target pile hole; or, repeating the above steps until the target pile hole is completed.

[0097] Specifically, Fig.17 As shown in d, the annular core 17 and the center hole core 21 are taken out of the hole at the same time, or the drill bit is lifted, so that the cylinder 2 first takes out the center hole core 21, and then the annular core 17 is taken out, so that a target pile hole with a large aperture can be formed. If the pile hole is deep, steps 2-4 can be repeated in sequence until the pile hole reaches the target depth.

[0098] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction, characterized in that: include: A connecting mechanism, the connecting mechanism is used to connect to a drill rod of a drilling rig; A cylinder body is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the connecting mechanism, and an opening is arranged on one side of the cylinder body, wherein the cylinder body is used to be located in a preset center hole, or a second cutting tool is arranged along the circumference at the bottom of the cylinder body, and the cylinder body is used to drill the center hole; A machine base is arranged in the cylinder, and a guide mechanism and a first driving component are arranged on the machine base, wherein the guide mechanism is arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder and is opposite to the opening; a first cutting mechanism, movably arranged on the guide mechanism and connected to the first driving component; the first driving component is used to drive the first cutting mechanism to move along the guide mechanism so that the cutting portion of the first cutting mechanism can extend from the opening, and the first cutting mechanism is used to perform transverse cutting of the rock formation outside the central hole to form a transverse section; An outer cylinder is coaxially fixedly arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body, and a first cutting tool is evenly arranged on the bottom of the outer cylinder along the circumferential direction. The outer cylinder is used to cut the rock layer outside the center hole downward from the outside of the center hole to form an annular groove, and the maximum distance that the cutting part of the first cutting mechanism extends out of the cylinder body is equal to the distance between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the cylinder body; The annular groove and the transverse section cut the rock layer between the cylinder body and the outer cylinder into an annular core, and the annular core formed by cutting is taken out to form a target pile hole with a larger diameter.

2. The drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that The first cutting mechanism includes a mounting seat, a central shaft, a saw blade and a second driving component. The central shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat, the saw blade is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft, and the mounting seat is arranged on the guide mechanism. The first driving component is connected to the mounting seat to drive the mounting seat to move along the guide mechanism so that the saw blade extends from the opening. The second driving component is connected to the central shaft to drive the central shaft to rotate and drive the saw blade to perform transverse cutting.

3. A drill bit for large-diameter pile hole construction, characterized in that: include: A connecting mechanism, the connecting mechanism is used to connect to a drill rod of a drilling rig; A cylinder, fixedly disposed at the lower portion of the connecting mechanism, wherein one side of the cylinder is provided with an opening; A machine base is arranged in the cylinder, and a guide mechanism and a first driving component are arranged on the machine base, wherein the guide mechanism is arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder and is opposite to the opening; a first cutting mechanism, movably arranged on the guide mechanism and connected to the first driving component; the first driving component is used to drive the first cutting mechanism to move along the guide mechanism so that the cutting portion of the first cutting mechanism can extend from the opening, and the first cutting mechanism is used to perform transverse cutting of the rock formation outside the central hole to form a transverse section; An outer cylinder is coaxially fixedly arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body, and a first cutting tool is evenly arranged on the bottom of the outer cylinder along the circumferential direction. The outer cylinder is used to cut the rock layer outside the center hole downward from the outside of the center hole to form an annular groove, and the maximum distance that the cutting part of the first cutting mechanism extends out of the cylinder body is equal to the distance between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the cylinder body; The annular groove and the transverse section cut the rock layer between the cylinder and the outer cylinder into an annular core, and the annular core formed by cutting is taken out to form a target pile hole with a larger diameter; It also includes a lower cylinder, which is connected to the lower part of the cylinder through a lower rotary support structure. The cylinder can rotate relative to the lower cylinder, and a third cutting tool is evenly arranged on the bottom of the lower cylinder along the circumferential direction.

4. The drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A first wedge block is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, the first wedge block is located at the lower side of the first cutting mechanism, and the sharp corner of the first wedge block faces downward; And / or, a second wedge-shaped block is disposed on the inner side of the outer cylinder, and a sharp corner of the second wedge-shaped block faces downward.

5. A construction device for large-diameter pile holes, characterized in that: It comprises a drill body and also comprises the drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the drill bit is mounted on the drill body via a connecting mechanism.

6. The construction device for large-diameter pile holes according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a vertical cutting drill bit, which is used to be installed on the drilling rig body. The vertical cutting drill bit includes a second cutting mechanism, and the second cutting mechanism is used for vertical cutting.

7. A method for constructing a large-diameter pile hole, characterized in that: The construction device for large-diameter pile holes according to any one of claims 5 or 6 comprises the following steps: Position and lay out the piles according to the pile layout diagram, and drill a hole at the center of the target pile hole to form a center hole; Taking the central hole as the center, transverse cutting and annular grooving are performed to form an annular core; The annular core is taken out to complete the target pile hole; or, the above steps are repeated until the target pile hole is completed.

8. A method for constructing a large-diameter pile hole, characterized in that: The construction device for large-diameter pile holes according to any one of claims 5 or 6 comprises the following steps: Position and lay out according to the pile layout diagram, and drill the initial hole of the center hole at the center of the target pile hole; Taking the initial hole as the center, and simultaneously performing center hole drilling and annular grooving at the location of the target pile hole; A first cutting mechanism is used to perform transverse cutting to form an annular core, and a first wedge-shaped block on the inner wall of the cylinder is used to break off the core of the central hole; The annular core and the center hole core are taken out to complete the target pile hole; or, the above steps are repeated until the target pile hole is completed.

Images