An easily adjustable stepper motor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of stepper motors, and in particular to an easily adjustable stepper motor, comprising a motor body, wherein the motor body comprises a front end cover, a rear end cover and an intermediate shell, wherein a rotating shaft is rotatably penetrated through the front end cover and the rear end cover, an end of the front end cover away from the intermediate shell is fixedly connected to a shell, an adjustment mechanism is arranged between the shell and the front end cover, and a separation mechanism and a limit mechanism are respectively arranged on the shell; the adjustment mechanism comprises a slide groove provided on the front end cover, a slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, a driving shaft is rotatably connected to the slider, a fixing ring is slidably connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft, and a plurality of adjusting gears are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring; the present invention can change the speed and torque output by the motor through the meshing connection between the main gear and the adjusting gears of different diameters, thereby ensuring the stability of the motor operation and thus extending the service life of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of stepper motors, and in particular to a stepper motor which is easy to adjust. Background Art

[0002] A stepper motor is an induction motor. Its main characteristic is that for every input pulse signal, the rotor will rotate a fixed angle (called the step angle) or move forward one step. The angular displacement or linear displacement it outputs is proportional to the number of input pulses, and the speed is proportional to the pulse frequency.

[0003] At present, when the motor in the prior art is in use, when the load is too large and it runs for a long time, a large amount of heat will be generated inside the motor. If the heat dissipation is poor, the temperature may rise sharply and exceed the temperature range of the motor design. In addition, excessive load will increase the working load of the motor, causing accelerated wear and fatigue of the mechanical parts inside the motor, thereby shortening the service life. When the motor load is small, the speed fluctuation of the motor will increase, resulting in unstable operation of the motor, affecting the normal operation of the equipment, and accelerating the wear of the motor, thereby shortening the service life of the motor.

[0004] Also, when replacing different gears, accidentally touching the switch causes the motor to turn on. Turning on the motor will cause wear and fatigue damage between the gears when replacing different adjustment gears, resulting in poor gear meshing, which in turn affects the transmission efficiency and shortens the service life of the gears. In addition, fragments will be generated and splashed during collision, causing harm to nearby operators. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the background technology and to propose a stepping motor that is easy to adjust.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an adjustable stepping motor, comprising a motor body, the motor body comprising a front end cover, a rear end cover and an intermediate shell, a rotating shaft rotatably penetrates the front end cover and the rear end cover, an end of the front end cover away from the intermediate shell is fixedly connected to a shell, an adjustment mechanism is arranged between the shell and the front end cover, and a separation mechanism and a limit mechanism are respectively arranged on the shell;

[0007] The adjustment mechanism includes a slide groove provided on the front end cover, a slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove, a driving shaft is rotatably connected to the slider, a fixing ring is slidably connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft, a plurality of adjustment gears are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring, and the diameters of the plurality of adjustment gears gradually increase from one side of the slide groove to one side of the housing, a main gear is provided on one side of the adjustment gear, and the cooperation between the main gear and the adjustment gear is used to adjust the speed and torque of the motor;

[0008] The separation and combination mechanism includes a fixed column fixedly connected to one end of the main gear near the front end cover, a first square groove is opened on the end of the fixed column near the front end cover, a square column is arranged on the inner wall of the first square groove, a fixed disk is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the square column, a movable plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed disk, a plurality of telescopic mechanisms are arranged between the movable plate and the outer shell, the plurality of telescopic mechanisms are used to move with the movable plate, and are used to separate and close the square column and the first square groove.

[0009] Preferably, the multiple telescopic mechanisms all include a telescopic column fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate near the front end cover, the outer walls of the multiple telescopic columns are provided with telescopic sleeves, the multiple telescopic sleeves are fixedly connected to the front end cover, and a first spring is fixedly connected between the multiple telescopic columns and the telescopic sleeves.

[0010] Preferably, the separation and combination mechanism also includes a second square groove opened on the rotating shaft, the second square groove and the square column are slidably connected, the outer wall of the fixed column is rotatably connected with a fixed plate, the fixed plate and the outer shell are fixedly connected, and the movable plate and the outer shell are slidably connected.

[0011] Preferably, the separation and combination mechanism further comprises a pressing column fixedly connected to the end of the movable plate away from the front end cover and penetrating the outer shell, and two limiting grooves are provided on the top end of the pressing column corresponding to one side of the outer shell.

[0012] Preferably, the separation and combination mechanism also includes a fixed block fixedly connected to the outer shell, the bottom end of the fixed block is fixedly connected to a second spring, the bottom end of the second spring is fixedly connected to a lifting block, the lifting block and the outer shell are slidably connected, and the bottom end of the lifting block is fixedly connected to a limiting column adapted to the shape of the limiting groove.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism also includes an adjustment plate rotatably connected to one side of the fixing ring corresponding to the adjustment gear, a sleeve plate is provided on the outer wall of the adjustment plate, a first through hole is penetrated at one end of the shell, and the first through hole and the sleeve plate are slidably connected.

[0014] Preferably, a second through hole is formed at one end of the shell away from the front end cover, and a limiting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second through hole, and the limiting plate is rotatably connected to the driving shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a first circular groove symmetrically opened on the end of the sleeve away from the outer shell, the inner walls of the two first circular grooves are fixedly connected to the first tension springs, the other sides of the two first tension springs are fixedly connected to the square ring plate, the outer end of the square ring plate is symmetrically fixedly connected to the first clamping column, and the two sides of the outer shell corresponding to the first through hole are provided with a plurality of first clamping grooves adapted to the shape of the first clamping column.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting mechanism also includes a second circular groove symmetrically opened in the sleeve plate corresponding to the first through hole, the inner walls of the two second circular grooves are fixedly connected with a second tension spring, the other ends of the two second tension springs are fixedly connected with a stretching plate, one end of the stretching plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of second clamping columns corresponding to both sides of the second tension spring and passing through the sleeve plate, and one end of the adjustment plate is opened with a plurality of second clamping grooves matching the shape of the second clamping columns.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The speed and torque of the motor output can be changed by meshing and connecting the main gear and the adjusting gears of different diameters. Therefore, when the load is too large, the adjusting gear with a larger diameter can be used to increase the torque of the motor output, thereby preventing a large amount of heat from being generated inside the motor, avoiding temperature rise, and reducing the wear and fatigue of the mechanical parts inside the motor. When the load is small, the adjusting gear with a smaller diameter can be used to reduce the fluctuation of the motor speed and ensure the stability of the motor operation, thus extending the service life;

[0019] 2. The separation of the square column and the first square groove can prevent the main gear from rotating suddenly when adjusting the adjusting gears of different diameters, thereby reducing the wear and fatigue damage of the main gear and the adjusting gear, preventing poor gear meshing, avoiding affecting the transmission efficiency, and extending the life of the main gear and the adjusting gear;

[0020] 3. It can also prevent the main gear from rotating suddenly, causing a sudden collision between the main gear and the adjusting gear to produce fragments and splash out, thereby preventing harm to nearby operators and preventing loud noise, thereby protecting the hearing of operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The invention provides a stepping motor that is easy to adjust Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 3 A bottom view schematic diagram of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a housing of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cutaway middle housing of a stepping motor that is easily adjustable according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the intermediate housing of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 The invention provides a stepping motor that is easy to adjust Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional view of a sleeve plate of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 The invention provides a stepping motor that is easy to adjust Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0030] Fig.10 A vertical cross-sectional view of a sleeve plate of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11 It is a partial disassembled schematic diagram of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0032] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the splitting and closing mechanism of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention;

[0033] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of another perspective of a splitting and closing mechanism of a stepping motor that is easy to adjust according to the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, front cover; 2, rear cover; 3, intermediate housing; 4, rotating shaft; 5, housing; 6, slide groove; 7, slider; 8, driving shaft; 9, fixing ring; 10, adjusting gear; 11, main gear; 12, fixing column; 13, first square groove; 14, square column; 15, fixing plate; 16, moving plate; 17, telescopic column; 18, telescopic sleeve; 19, first spring; 20, second square groove; 21, fixing plate; 22. Pressing column; 23. Limiting groove; 24. Fixing block; 25. Second spring; 26. Lifting block; 27. Limiting column; 28. Adjusting plate; 29. ​​Sleeve plate; 30. First through hole; 31. Second through hole; 32. Limiting plate; 33. First circular groove; 34. First tension spring; 35. First clamping column; 36. First clamping groove; 37. Second circular groove; 38. Second tension spring; 39. Second clamping column; 40. Second clamping groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0036] like Figure 1 - Fig.13The stepper motor shown is easy to adjust, comprising a motor body, the motor body comprising a front cover 1, a rear cover 2 and an intermediate shell 3, a rotating shaft 4 rotatably penetrates the front cover 1 and the rear cover 2, an end of the front cover 1 away from the intermediate shell 3 is fixedly connected to a shell 5, an adjustment mechanism is arranged between the shell 5 and the front cover 1, the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the output torque and speed of the motor, and a separation mechanism and a limit mechanism are respectively arranged on the shell 5, and the separation mechanism can be used for protection during adjustment, and the limit mechanism can be used for limit fixing after adjustment;

[0037] like Figure 4 - Figure 7 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a slide groove 6 opened on the front cover 1, a slider 7 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove 6, a driving shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the slider 7, a fixing ring 9 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the driving shaft 8, a column and a groove for limiting are arranged between the fixing ring 9 and the driving shaft 8, so that the driving shaft 8 and the fixing ring 9 can rotate synchronously, a plurality of adjusting gears 10 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring 9, and the diameters of the plurality of adjusting gears 10 gradually increase from one side of the slider 7 to one side of the housing 5, a main gear 11 is arranged on one side of the adjusting gear 10, and the cooperation between the main gear 11 and the adjusting gear 10 is used to adjust the speed and torque of the motor;

[0038] like Figure 4 - Figure 6 , Fig.12 - Fig.13 The separation and closing mechanism includes a fixed column 12 fixedly connected to one end of the main gear 11 near the front end cover 1, a first square groove 13 is opened at one end of the fixed column 12 near the front end cover 1, a square column 14 is arranged on the inner wall of the first square groove 13, a fixed disk 15 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the square column 14, a movable plate 16 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed disk 15, a plurality of telescopic mechanisms are arranged between the movable plate 16 and the housing 5, the plurality of telescopic mechanisms are used to move with the movable plate 16, and are used to separate and close the square column 14 and the first square groove 13.

[0039] like Figure 5 , Fig.13 As shown, multiple telescopic mechanisms include a telescopic column 17 fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate 16 near the front end cover 1, multiple telescopic columns 17 are provided with telescopic sleeves 18 on their outer walls, multiple telescopic sleeves 18 are fixedly connected to the front end cover 1, and a first spring 19 is fixedly connected between the multiple telescopic columns 17 and the telescopic sleeves 18. The elastic action of the first spring 19 can move the telescopic column 17, thereby moving the movable plate 16, the fixed plate 15 and the square column 14, thereby realizing the separation and closing of the square column 14 and the first square groove 13.

[0040] like Fig.12 , Fig.13As shown, the separation and combination mechanism also includes a second square groove 20 opened on the rotating shaft 4, the second square groove 20 and the square column 14 are slidably connected, the outer wall of the fixed column 12 is rotatably connected with a fixed plate 21, the fixed plate 21 and the outer shell 5 are fixedly connected, and the movable plate 16 and the outer shell 5 are slidably connected. The square column 14 can be stored and processed through the second square groove 20 when the square column 14 and the first square groove 13 are separated.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Fig.12 As shown, the separation and combination mechanism also includes a pressing column 22 fixedly connected to the end of the movable plate 16 away from the front end cover 1 and passing through the outer shell 5. Two limiting grooves 23 are provided on the side of the outer shell 5 corresponding to the top of the pressing column 22. The pressing column 22 can push the movable plate 16 to move, thereby separating the square column 14 and the first square groove 13.

[0042] like Figure 5 - Figure 6 , Fig.12 As shown, the separation and combination mechanism also includes a fixed block 24 fixedly connected to the outer shell 5, the bottom end of the fixed block 24 is fixedly connected to a second spring 25, the bottom end of the second spring 25 is fixedly connected to a lifting block 26, the lifting block 26 is slidably connected to the outer shell 5, and the bottom end of the lifting block 26 is fixedly connected to a limiting column 27 that is adapted to the shape of the limiting groove 23. When it is necessary to push the pressing column 22 to move, the lifting block 26 is pushed to move upward to make the limiting column 27 leave the limiting groove 23, and then the pressing column 22 is pushed to move. When the limiting column 27 is stuck in another limiting groove 23, the separation operation of the square column 14 and the first square groove 13 is completed.

[0043] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 - Fig.11 As shown, the adjustment mechanism also includes an adjustment plate 28 rotatably connected to the side of the fixing ring 9 corresponding to the adjustment gear 10, a sleeve plate 29 is provided on the outer wall of the adjustment plate 28, a first through hole 30 is penetrated at one end of the housing 5, the first through hole 30 and the sleeve plate 29 are slidably connected, and the fixing ring 9 can be moved through the adjustment plate 28, so that the main gear 11 and the adjustment gears 10 of different diameters can be meshed together, and the sleeve plate 29 moves in the first through hole 30.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, a second through hole 31 is formed at one end of the shell 5 away from the front end cover 1, and a limiting plate 32 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second through hole 31. The limiting plate 32 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 8, and the limiting plate 32 is limited by the second through hole 31 so that it slides in the second through hole 31.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Fig.10 - Fig.11As shown, the limiting mechanism includes first circular grooves 33 symmetrically opened on the end of the sleeve plate 29 away from the shell 5, the inner walls of the two first circular grooves 33 are fixedly connected with first tension springs 34, the other sides of the two first tension springs 34 are fixedly connected with square ring plates, and the outer ends of the square ring plates are symmetrically fixedly connected with first clamping columns 35. The shell 5 has a plurality of first clamping grooves 36 matched with the shape of the first clamping columns 35 on both sides corresponding to the first through hole 30. The sleeve plate 29 can be limited by the cooperation of the first clamping columns 35 and the adjustment plate 28 can be limited.

[0046] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.11 The shown limiting mechanism also includes second circular grooves 37 symmetrically opened in the sleeve plate 29 corresponding to the first through holes 30, the inner walls of the two second circular grooves 37 are fixedly connected with second tension springs 38, the other ends of the two second tension springs 38 are fixedly connected with a stretching plate, one end of the stretching plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of second clamping columns 39 on both sides corresponding to the second tension springs 38 and passes through the sleeve plate 29, and one end of the adjustment plate 28 is opened with a plurality of second clamping grooves 40 which are adapted to the shape of the second clamping columns 39, and the sleeve plate 29 and the adjustment plate 28 can be limited by the cooperation between the second clamping columns 39 and the second clamping grooves 40.

[0047] Working principle: by adjusting the output torque and speed of the motor, first move the square ring plate outward to separate the first clamping column 35 and the first clamping groove 36, then move the adjustment plate 28 and the sleeve plate 29, so that the adjustment gear 10 and the main gear 11 of different diameters are on the same vertical plane, and the first clamping column 35 is inserted into the first clamping groove 36 by the reset effect of the first tension spring 34 to complete the limit of the sleeve plate 29, and then move the stretching plate outward to make the second clamping column 39 leave the second clamping groove 40, and then push the adjustment plate 28 and the fixing ring 9 inward to make the adjustment gear 10 and the main gear 11 mesh together, and then release the stretching plate to make the second clamping column 39 inserted into the second clamping groove 40 to complete the limit fixation of the adjustment plate 28, thereby completing the adjustment of the adjustment gear 10;

[0048] During adjustment, the lifting block 26 is moved upward to push the limiting column 27 away from the limiting groove 23, and the pressing column 22 and the moving plate 16 are pushed to move toward the front end cover 1, so that the square column 14 leaves the range of the first square groove 13. At this time, the limiting column 27 is stuck in another limiting groove 23 by the reset effect of the second spring 25, thereby completing the limiting of the pressing column 22. Therefore, the main gear 11 can be prevented from rotating suddenly during adjustment, thereby preventing the adjustment gear 10 and the main gear 11 from being worn, thereby extending the service life;

[0049] When the adjustment is completed, the lifting block 26 is also moved upward to make the limiting column 27 leave the other limiting groove 23. At this time, under the reset action of the first spring 19, the square column 14 is inserted into the first square groove 13 and closed.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stepper motor that is easy to adjust, comprising a motor body, wherein the motor body comprises a front cover (1), a rear cover (2) and an intermediate housing (3), wherein a rotating shaft (4) is rotatably penetrated through the front cover (1) and the rear cover (2), and wherein: One end of the front end cover (1) away from the intermediate shell (3) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (5), an adjustment mechanism is provided between the outer shell (5) and the front end cover (1), and a separation mechanism and a limit mechanism are respectively provided on the outer shell (5); The adjustment mechanism comprises a slide groove (6) provided on the front end cover (1), a slider (7) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove (6), a drive shaft (8) being rotatably connected to the slider (7), a fixing ring (9) being slidably connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft (8), a plurality of adjustment gears (10) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring (9), the diameters of the plurality of adjustment gears (10) gradually increasing from one side of the slider (7) to one side of the housing (5), a main gear (11) being provided on one side of the adjustment gear (10), and the cooperation between the main gear (11) and the adjustment gear (10) is used to adjust the rotation speed and torque of the motor; The separation and combination mechanism comprises a fixed column (12) fixedly connected to one end of the main gear (11) close to the front end cover (1); a first square groove (13) is formed at one end of the fixed column (12) close to the front end cover (1); a square column (14) is arranged on the inner wall of the first square groove (13); a fixed disk (15) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the square column (14); a movable plate (16) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate (15); a plurality of telescopic mechanisms are arranged between the movable plate (16) and the housing (5); the plurality of telescopic mechanisms are used to move with the movable plate (16) and to separate and close the square column (14) and the first square groove (13).

2. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of telescopic mechanisms each comprise a telescopic column (17) fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate (16) close to the front end cover (1); the outer walls of the plurality of telescopic columns (17) are each provided with a telescopic sleeve (18); the plurality of telescopic sleeves (18) are each fixedly connected to the front end cover (1); and a first spring (19) is each fixedly connected between the plurality of telescopic columns (17) and the telescopic sleeve (18).

3. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splitting and combining mechanism further comprises a second square groove (20) formed on the rotating shaft (4), the second square groove (20) being slidably connected to the square column (14), a fixed plate (21) being rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed column (12), the fixed plate (21) being fixedly connected to the outer shell (5), and the movable plate (16) being slidably connected to the outer shell (5).

4. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The splitting and closing mechanism further comprises a pressing column (22) fixedly connected to an end of the movable plate (16) away from the front end cover (1) and penetrating the outer shell (5), and two limiting grooves (23) are formed on a top end of the pressing column (22) corresponding to a side of the outer shell (5).

5. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The splitting and closing mechanism further comprises a fixed block (24) fixedly connected to the housing (5); a second spring (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed block (24); a lifting block (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second spring (25); the lifting block (26) and the housing (5) are slidably connected; a limiting column (27) having a shape matching that of the limiting groove (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting block (26).

6. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism further comprises an adjustment plate (28) rotatably connected to a side of the fixing ring (9) corresponding to the adjustment gear (10); a sleeve plate (29) is provided on an outer wall of the adjustment plate (28); a first through hole (30) is formed through one end of the housing (5); and the first through hole (30) and the sleeve plate (29) are slidably connected.

7. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second through hole (31) is formed at one end of the housing (5) away from the front end cover (1); the inner wall of the second through hole (31) is slidably connected to a limit plate (32); and the limit plate (32) is rotatably connected to the drive shaft (8).

8. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism comprises a first circular groove (33) symmetrically arranged on an end of the sleeve plate (29) away from the housing (5); the inner walls of the two first circular grooves (33) are fixedly connected to a first tension spring (34); the other sides of the two first tension springs (34) are fixedly connected to a square ring plate; the outer ends of the square ring plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to a first clamping column (35); and the housing (5) is provided with a plurality of first clamping grooves (36) matching the shape of the first clamping column (35) on both sides corresponding to the first through hole (30).

9. The easily adjustable stepping motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism further comprises a second circular groove (37) symmetrically arranged in the sleeve plate (29) corresponding to the first through hole (30), the inner walls of the two second circular grooves (37) are fixedly connected to second tension springs (38), the other ends of the two second tension springs (38) are fixedly connected to a stretching plate, one end of the stretching plate is fixedly connected to two sides of the second tension spring (38) corresponding to a plurality of second clamping columns (39) and penetrates the sleeve plate (29), and one end of the adjustment plate (28) is provided with a plurality of second clamping grooves (40) matching the shape of the second clamping columns (39).

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