A low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles and a preparation method for the wear-resistant glaze layer thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles and a method for preparing the wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles. The wear-resistant glaze is based on a base glaze and a wear-resistant surface glaze. The firing temperature of the base glaze is 1100-1150℃. The wear-resistant surface glaze is composed of glaze materials and printing additives. The raw material composition of the glaze material is 8-25wt% wollastonite microcrystalline powder, 13-35wt% calcite, 4-10wt% borosilicate, 0-5wt% alumina micro powder, 5-18wt% quartz, and 15-45wt% spodumene. The raw material composition of the printing additives is printing paste and printing oil, and the amounts of printing paste and printing oil are 0.3-0.5wt% and 0.1-0.35wt% of the glaze material, respectively. This invention uses wollastonite microcrystalline powder, calcite, and borocalcite as the main source of calcium feldspar crystal phase in the wear-resistant glaze layer, which can well adapt to the low-temperature rapid firing process required in the production of building ceramics, and at the same time effectively improve the wear resistance of building ceramic wall and floor tiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building ceramics technology, and in particular to a wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles and a method for preparing the wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles. Background Technology

[0002] In the use of ceramic wall and floor tiles in building construction, the wear resistance of the tiles has become a crucial performance parameter. With the diversification of application scenarios for wall and floor tiles, increasingly higher demands are being placed on the wear resistance of the tile glaze. In traditional ceramic glazes, because the ceramic glaze melt is a special type of glass melt, the alumina content determines the physical properties of the glaze, especially its wear resistance. Therefore, currently, most existing technologies improve the wear resistance of the glaze by using feldspar and alumina raw materials to fire the frit. However, excessive alumina in the glaze melt inevitably increases the melting temperature of the glaze melt, which is detrimental to the low-temperature, rapid firing process of building ceramics. In recent years, some technologies have also used raw materials containing calcium oxide (such as calcite, limestone, or wollastonite) to improve the wear resistance of the glaze by precipitating crystalline phases such as anorthite, cordierite, and mullite in the glaze melt. However, in the current low-temperature rapid firing cycle of building ceramics, the crystal growth window of anorthite, cordierite, and mullite crystals during the cooling process is very short, the crystallization is poor, and the improvement on the wear resistance of the glaze is very limited. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles, so as to adapt to the low-temperature fast-firing firing regime of building ceramics and improve the wear resistance of building ceramic wall and floor tiles. Another purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles, based on a base glaze forming a base glaze and a wear-resistant surface glaze forming a top glaze; the firing temperature of the base glaze is 1100-1150℃; the wear-resistant surface glaze is composed of glaze materials and printing additives, wherein the raw material composition of the glaze material is 8-25wt% wollastonite microcrystalline powder, 13-35wt% calcite, 4-10wt% borosilicate, 0-5wt% alumina micro powder, 5-18wt% quartz, and 15-45wt% spodumene; the raw material composition of the printing additives is printing paste and printing oil, with the amounts of printing paste and printing oil being 0.3-0.5wt% and 0.1-0.35wt% of the glaze material, respectively.

[0006] Furthermore, the aspect ratio of the wollastonite microcrystalline powder of the present invention is 8 to 20:1, and the sedimentation value is 100 to 120 ml / 200mg; the particle size of the alumina micro powder is D50 < 8μm.

[0007] In the above scheme, the raw material composition of the basic glaze of the present invention is 30-60 wt% spodumene, 15-35 wt% albite, 10-20 wt% quartz powder, 5-15 wt% limestone, 0-3 wt% barium carbonate, 0-8 wt% strontium carbonate, 1-4 wt% calcium fluoride, 2-5 wt% borate, and 1-3 wt% kaolin.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant glaze layer for low-temperature fast-firing wall and floor tiles. Based on the aforementioned wear-resistant glaze, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0010] (1) Mix the wear-resistant glaze according to the composition of the glaze material and printing additives, add water and stir for 30-50 minutes to obtain a wear-resistant glaze slurry with a solid content of 50-60wt%.

[0011] (2) Apply a base glaze slurry with a solid content of 55-68 wt% obtained from the base glaze to the surface of the ceramic wall and floor tile body. The glaze application amount is 90-170 g / m². 2 After drying, a wall and floor tile body with a base glaze is obtained; then, a wear-resistant top glaze slurry is brushed onto the surface of the base glaze, with an application rate of 50-100 g / m². 2 After drying for 1 to 2 hours, a wall and floor tile blank with a glaze is obtained;

[0012] (3) The wall and floor tile blanks with surface glaze are fired at a temperature of 1100 to 1150°C for a firing cycle of 1 to 1.5 hours. After surface polishing, a wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles is obtained.

[0013] In the above scheme, in step (2) of the preparation method of the present invention, the raw materials of the basic glaze are proportioned as follows: 30-60 wt% spodumene, 15-35 wt% albite, 10-20 wt% quartz powder, 5-15 wt% limestone, 0-3 wt% barium carbonate, 0-8 wt% strontium carbonate, 1-4 wt% calcium fluoride, 2-5 wt% borate, and 1-3 wt% kaolin. The mixture is then ball-milled in a ball mill for 5-8 hours, and the slurry is discharged and sieved to obtain the basic glaze slurry.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) This invention obtains a wear-resistant glaze layer by applying a wear-resistant surface glaze to a base glaze formed from a base glaze. The base glaze used is a glaze that can obtain a smooth and flat glaze layer at a firing temperature of 1100-1150℃. At the same time, wollastonite microcrystalline powder, calcite, and borate are used as the main sources of calcium feldspar crystal phase in the wear-resistant glaze layer. Among them, borate and calcite can melt at a lower temperature, reducing the melting temperature of the glaze, thus adapting to the low-temperature rapid firing process required in the production of building ceramics. In the firing range of 1100-1150℃, some of the well-crystallized wollastonite microcrystalline powder can maintain its original needle-like crystals, while the poorly crystallized wollastonite can act as a seed crystal, helping the CaO and Al2O3 components in the liquid phase to precipitate and form calcium feldspar crystals, thereby improving the wear resistance of the glaze surface (wear resistance reaches level 4 at 2100 revolutions).

[0016] (2) The introduction of spodumene into the wear-resistant glaze layer of the present invention makes the glaze surface have a greater surface tension. On the one hand, it can generate compressive stress on the glaze surface, improve the glaze surface's ability to resist external stress, and at the same time, it has good wettability to the residual wollastonite crystals and alumina micro powder in the glaze, forming a continuous and flat glaze layer, reducing glaze surface defects, and improving the wear resistance of the glaze surface.

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1:

[0019] 1. This embodiment describes a low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles, based on a base glaze forming the base glaze and a wear-resistant surface glaze forming the surface glaze. The base glaze is fired at 1100–1150°C, and its raw material composition is 32 wt% spodumene, 30 wt% albite, 16.3 wt% quartz powder, 7 wt% limestone, 2 wt% barium carbonate, 7 wt% strontium carbonate, 1.5 wt% calcium fluoride, 2.2 wt% borocalcite, and 2 wt% kaolinite. The wear-resistant surface glaze is composed of glaze materials and printing additives. The glaze materials consist of 15 wt% wollastonite microcrystalline powder, 15 wt% calcite, 8.5 wt% borocalcite, 3.5 wt% alumina micropowder, 18 wt% quartz, and 40 wt% spodumene. The printing additives consist of printing paste and printing oil, with the amounts of printing paste and printing oil being 0.33 wt% and 0.24 wt% of the glaze materials, respectively.

[0020] The wollastonite microcrystalline powder has an aspect ratio of 9:1 and a sedimentation value of 110 ml / 200 mg; the alumina micro powder has a particle size of D50 = 5 μm.

[0021] 2. This embodiment describes a method for preparing a wear-resistant glaze layer for low-temperature fast-firing wall and floor tiles. Based on the aforementioned wear-resistant glaze, the preparation method is as follows:

[0022] (1) Mix the wear-resistant glaze according to the above-mentioned glaze material and printing additive composition, add water and stir in a mixer for 45 minutes to obtain a wear-resistant glaze slurry with a solid content of 55wt%.

[0023] (2) The base glaze is mixed according to the above-mentioned raw material composition, and then ball-milled for 5.5 hours. After slurry discharge and sieving, a base glaze slurry with a solid content of 60 wt% is obtained. The base glaze slurry is applied to the surface of the ceramic wall and floor tile body, with an application rate of 110 g / m². 2 After drying, a wall and floor tile body with a base glaze is obtained; then, a wear-resistant top glaze slurry is brushed onto the surface of the base glaze, with an application rate of 80g / m². 2 After drying for 1 hour, a glazed wall and floor tile blank with a surface glaze is obtained;

[0024] (3) The wall and floor tile blanks with the above-mentioned surface glaze are fired at 1140℃ for 1.2 hours. After surface polishing, a wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles is obtained.

[0025] Example 2:

[0026] 1. This embodiment describes a low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles, based on a base glaze forming the base glaze and a wear-resistant surface glaze forming the surface glaze. The base glaze is fired at 1100–1150°C, and its raw material composition is 44.5 wt% spodumene, 15 wt% albite, 20 wt% quartz powder, 11.5 wt% limestone, 3 wt% barium carbonate, 2 wt% calcium fluoride, 3 wt% borocalcite, and 1 wt% kaolin. The wear-resistant surface glaze is composed of glaze materials and printing additives. The glaze materials consist of 25 wt% wollastonite microcrystalline powder, 13 wt% calcite, 6.5 wt% borocalcite, 2.5 wt% alumina micropowder, 9.5 wt% quartz, and 43.5 wt% spodumene. The printing additives consist of printing paste and printing oil, with the amounts of printing paste and printing oil being 0.4 wt% and 0.3 wt% of the glaze materials, respectively.

[0027] The wollastonite microcrystalline powder has an aspect ratio of 12:1 and a sedimentation value of 100 ml / 200 mg; the alumina micro powder has a particle size of D50 = 7.6 μm.

[0028] 2. This embodiment describes a method for preparing a wear-resistant glaze layer for low-temperature fast-firing wall and floor tiles. Based on the aforementioned wear-resistant glaze, the preparation method is as follows:

[0029] (1) Mix the wear-resistant glaze according to the above-mentioned glaze material and printing additive composition, add water and stir for 35 minutes to obtain a wear-resistant glaze slurry with a solid content of 52wt%.

[0030] (2) Mix the base glaze according to the above-mentioned raw material composition, and ball mill the mixture for 7 hours. After slurry discharge and sieving, a base glaze slurry with a solid content of 65wt% is obtained. Apply the base glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic wall and floor tile body, with an application rate of 150g / m². 2 After drying, a wall and floor tile body with a base glaze is obtained; then, a wear-resistant top glaze slurry is brushed onto the surface of the base glaze, with an application rate of 100g / m². 2 After drying for 1.5 hours, a wall and floor tile blank with a glaze is obtained.

[0031] (3) The wall and floor tile blanks with the above-mentioned surface glaze are fired at 1150℃ for 1.5 hours. After surface polishing, a wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles is obtained.

[0032] Example 3:

[0033] 1. This embodiment describes a low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles, based on a base glaze forming the base glaze and a wear-resistant surface glaze forming the surface glaze. The base glaze is fired at 1100–1150°C, and its raw material composition is 49 wt% spodumene, 28 wt% albite, 10 wt% quartz powder, 5 wt% limestone, 1 wt% calcium fluoride, 5 wt% borate, and 2 wt% kaolin. The wear-resistant surface glaze is composed of glaze materials and printing additives. The glaze materials consist of 9 wt% wollastonite microcrystalline powder, 30 wt% calcite, 4 wt% borate, 16 wt% quartz, and 41 wt% spodumene. The printing additives consist of printing paste and printing oil, with the amounts of printing paste and printing oil being 0.5 wt% and 0.25 wt% of the glaze materials, respectively.

[0034] The aspect ratio of the wollastonite microcrystalline powder is 18:1, and the sedimentation value is 120 ml / 200 mg.

[0035] 2. This embodiment describes a method for preparing a wear-resistant glaze layer for low-temperature fast-firing wall and floor tiles. Based on the aforementioned wear-resistant glaze, the preparation method is as follows:

[0036] (1) Mix the wear-resistant glaze according to the above-mentioned glaze material and printing additive composition, add water and stir for 48 minutes to obtain a wear-resistant glaze slurry with a solid content of 57wt%.

[0037] (2) The base glaze is mixed according to the above-mentioned raw material composition, and then ball-milled for 8 hours. After slurry discharge and sieving, a base glaze slurry with a solid content of 60wt% is obtained. This base glaze slurry is applied to the surface of the ceramic wall and floor tile body, with an application rate of 90g / m². 2 After drying, a wall and floor tile body with a base glaze is obtained; then, a wear-resistant top glaze slurry is brushed onto the surface of the base glaze, with an application rate of 75g / m². 2After drying for 2 hours, a wall and floor tile blank with a glaze is obtained;

[0038] (3) The wall and floor tile blanks with the above-mentioned surface glaze are fired at 1120℃ for 1.4 hours. After surface polishing, a wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles is obtained.

Claims

1. A low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles, characterized in that: Based on a base glaze to form a base glaze and a wear-resistant surface glaze to form a top glaze; the firing temperature of the base glaze is 1100-1150℃; the wear-resistant surface glaze is composed of glaze materials and printing additives, wherein the raw material composition of the glaze material is 8-25wt% wollastonite microcrystalline powder, 13-35wt% calcite, 4-10wt% borocalcite, 0-5wt% alumina micro powder, 5-18wt% quartz, and 15-45wt% spodumene; the raw material composition of the printing additives is printing paste and printing oil, and the amount of printing paste and printing oil is 0.3-0.5wt% and 0.1-0.35wt% of the glaze material, respectively.

2. The low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wollastonite microcrystalline powder has an aspect ratio of 8 to 20:1 and a sedimentation value of 100 to 120 ml / 200 mg; the alumina micro powder has a particle size of D50 < 8 μm.

3. The low-temperature fast-firing wear-resistant glaze for wall and floor tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material composition of the base glaze is 30-60 wt% spodumene, 15-35 wt% albite, 10-20 wt% quartz powder, 5-15 wt% limestone, 0-3 wt% barium carbonate, 0-8 wt% strontium carbonate, 1-4 wt% calcium fluoride, 2-5 wt% borate, and 1-3 wt% kaolin.

4. A method for preparing a wear-resistant glaze layer for low-temperature fast-firing wall and floor tiles, characterized in that: The preparation method based on the wear-resistant glaze according to claim 1 includes the following steps: (1) Mix the wear-resistant glaze according to the composition of the glaze material and printing additives, add water and stir for 30-50 minutes to obtain a wear-resistant glaze slurry with a solid content of 50-60wt%. (2) Apply a base glaze slurry with a solid content of 55-68 wt% obtained from the base glaze to the surface of the ceramic wall and floor tile body. The glaze application amount is 90-170 g / m². 2 After drying, a wall and floor tile body with a base glaze is obtained; then, a wear-resistant top glaze slurry is brushed onto the surface of the base glaze, with an application rate of 50-100 g / m². 2 After drying for 1 to 2 hours, a wall and floor tile blank with a glaze is obtained; (3) The wall and floor tile blanks with surface glaze are fired at a temperature of 1100 to 1150°C for a firing cycle of 1 to 1.5 hours. After surface polishing, a wear-resistant glaze layer for wall and floor tiles is obtained.

5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant glaze layer of low-temperature fast-firing wall and floor tiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the raw materials of the base glaze are mixed according to the following proportions: 30-60 wt% spodumene, 15-35 wt% albite, 10-20 wt% quartz powder, 5-15 wt% limestone, 0-3 wt% barium carbonate, 0-8 wt% strontium carbonate, 1-4 wt% calcium fluoride, 2-5 wt% borate, and 1-3 wt% kaolin. The mixture is then ball-milled in a ball mill for 5-8 hours. After the slurry is discharged and sieved, the base glaze slurry is obtained.