A stripping system for open-pit coal mines with high slope pit walls

Abstract

The present invention discloses an open-pit coal mine stripping system for a steep-slope pit wall, and belongs to the field of rock stripping and crushing in open-pit coal mines. An unloading platform is provided on the open-pit slope, and a semi-fixed crushing station is arranged in the unloading space. The top edge of the hopper of the semi-fixed crushing station is connected to the edge of the unloading platform; a U-shaped four-sided unloading position group is provided on the unloading platform, and each unloading position corresponds to a group of driving lanes, and each group of driving lanes includes an entry lane, a reverse lane, and an exit lane. The present invention designs a specific driving lane structure. Through the refined design of the unloading position and the driving lane, the driving directions of multiple trucks are prevented from interfering with each other when unloading, thereby improving the unloading progress. At the same time, when the truck enters and exits the unloading position, the route of the truck has a sufficiently safe distance from the embankment, thereby ensuring the safety of the truck driving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rock stripping and crushing in open-pit coal mines, in particular to an open-pit coal mine stripping system with a large-slope pit wall. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit coal mining is to strip off the loose soil and surrounding rock covering the upper part of the ore body and its surroundings, transport the waste rock to the spoil dump, and directly mine the rock from the exposed ore body. When the ore body is shallowly buried or there is an outcrop on the surface, open-pit mining is superior to underground mining. The work of stripping the upper rock and soil is called stripping. my country's open-pit coal mines are widely distributed and the mining conditions vary greatly. The choice of transportation method for open-pit coal mines is restricted by the occurrence conditions of coal seams, climatic conditions, production scale, mining scope, development methods, mining and loading equipment types, environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive technical and economic comparison to select a safe, efficient transportation method that meets the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction and environmental protection.

[0003] At present, most open-pit coal mines in my country use truck transportation, belt conveyor transportation, railway transportation and combined transportation. As the mining depth increases, the transportation distance increases, resulting in increasing transportation costs and reduced economic benefits of mines.

[0004] The rock materials stripped from open-pit coal mines with complex terrain conditions are transported by mining trucks, which can give full play to the advantages of mining trucks' flexibility and mobility, and achieve the purpose of reducing investment and production costs. In order to make the coal mining surface large enough and to ensure the safety of truck transportation, the stripping area is large, the amount of rock stripped is large, the cost of stripping is high, the truck transportation distance is long, and the slope angle of the transportation road is not more than 30 degrees.

[0005] Under the premise of ensuring that the coal mining surface remains unchanged, the cost of stripping earthwork is generally reduced by increasing the inclination angle of the pit wall, but this will lead to a narrower step width for trucks to travel. The width of a general transport truck is 3 to 5 meters, for example, the width of the XG-110 wide-body truck of Xuzhou Heavy Industry is 3.64 meters. The step width for trucks to travel is 6 meters, which makes it unsafe for transport trucks to travel.

[0006] For deep pits and open-pit coal mines with steep pit walls, it is particularly important to reasonably design the number and location of the unloading positions of the unloading platform and the location of the driving lanes corresponding to the unloading positions to improve the unloading efficiency. If there are too few unloading positions, the unloading volume of trucks per unit time is small, and the transported stripping materials are small, which cannot meet the transportation requirements of the belt conveyor, affecting the efficiency of rock stripping and coal transportation; if there are too many unloading positions, the safe width area of ​​the unloading platform will inevitably increase, thereby increasing the construction workload of the unloading platform and retaining wall, increasing the unloading height, causing the unloading materials to impact the strength of the silo lining and feeder chain plate of the crushing station, shortening the service life of the crushing station and increasing the danger of unloading. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to take into account the construction workload of the unloading platform and the unloading efficiency on the truck unloading platform, and at the same time extend the service life of the semi-fixed crushing station, the present invention provides an open-pit coal mine stripping system with a large slope pit wall. Through the refined design of the unloading position and the driving lane on the unloading platform, it can achieve efficient unloading of trucks on the unloading platform with limited width, as well as the equipment safety of the crushing station and the safety of the retaining wall of the unloading platform.

[0008] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] An open pit wall stripping system for a steeply inclined pit comprises a short reverse haul road, a car unloading platform on the slope of the open pit coal mine, a semi-fixed crushing station and a belt conveyor, wherein the car unloading platform is connected to the steps of the short reverse haul road;

[0010] The unloading platform is provided with a U-shaped four-sided unloading position group and a circular symmetrical driving lane. A vehicle block is fixedly provided at the front end of the U-shaped four-sided unloading position group. The vehicle block forms a U-shaped four-sided unloading space. The semi-fixed crushing station is arranged in the U-shaped four-sided unloading space.

[0011] The U-shaped four-side unloading position group consists of the first unloading position, the second unloading position, the third unloading position and the fourth unloading position. The angle between the second unloading position and the third unloading position is The angle between the first unloading position and the second unloading position is 90°. The angle between the third unloading position and the fourth unloading position is All are 45°, and the width a of each unloading bay is 6 meters;

[0012] The circular symmetrical driving lane includes a straight main entrance lane and a straight main exit lane near the slope, an entry branch lane corresponding to each unloading position connected to the straight main entrance lane in an arc shape, an exit branch lane corresponding to each unloading position connected to the straight main exit lane in an arc shape, and an unloading lane between the entry branch lane and the exit branch lane corresponding to each unloading position. The unloading lane is a straight lane, the end of the unloading lane is connected to the unloading position in a straight line, and the end of the entry branch lane is connected to the unloading lane in an arc shape; the circular symmetrical driving lane presents a shape that is generally symmetrical about the central axis between the second unloading position and the third unloading position, and the road width of the circular symmetrical driving lane is 5 meters;

[0013] The first unloading position corresponds to the first vehicle entry branch road, the first unloading lane and the first vehicle exit branch road of the vehicle exit branch road; the second unloading position corresponds to the second vehicle entry branch road, the second unloading lane and the second vehicle exit branch road of the vehicle exit branch road; the third unloading position corresponds to the third vehicle entry branch road, the third unloading lane and the third vehicle exit branch road of the vehicle exit branch road; the fourth unloading position corresponds to the fourth vehicle entry branch road, the fourth unloading lane and the fourth vehicle exit branch road of the vehicle exit branch road;

[0014] The first vehicle-entry branch road is parallel to the first vehicle-exit branch road, and the fourth vehicle-entry branch road is parallel to the fourth vehicle-exit branch road; the starting end of the first vehicle-exit branch road is connected to the end of the first unloading lane in an arc shape, the starting end of the fourth vehicle-exit branch road is connected to the end of the fourth unloading lane in an arc shape, the starting end of the second vehicle-exit branch road is in a straight line with the second unloading lane, and the starting end of the third vehicle-exit branch road is in a straight line with the third unloading lane; the first vehicle-exit branch road is connected to the second vehicle-exit branch road, and the third vehicle-exit branch road is connected to the fourth vehicle-exit branch road; the second vehicle-entry branch road and the third vehicle-entry branch road are connected to each other at the center axis position between the second unloading position and the third unloading position;

[0015] A steel retaining wall with the same height as the unloading platform is set around the semi-fixed crushing station;

[0016] The inclination angle of the mine wall is 50 to 60 degrees, the width b of the short transport road for truck transportation is no more than 10 meters, and the safe width W of the unloading platform is no more than 60 to 80 meters.

[0017] Furthermore, the semi-fixed crushing station includes a hopper, an apron feeder module, a discharge belt conveyor and a beam; a hopper bracket is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the hopper, and the hopper bracket is welded to the tail of the beam; a crusher module is installed on one side of the hopper and the apron feeder module, and an electrical room module is installed on one side of the crusher module, and the crusher module and the electrical room module are fixedly connected to the beam; the apron feeder module is tilted and fixedly arranged on the beam, the bottom end of the apron feeder module corresponds to the bottom port of the hopper, and the top end of the apron feeder module is located above the crusher module; the discharge belt conveyor is tilted and fixedly arranged at one end of the beam away from the apron feeder module, and the crusher module corresponds to the bottom of the discharge belt conveyor; the hopper bracket includes a bracket base, a connecting piece on the upper surface of the end of the bracket base and a support arm on the upper part of the connecting piece, and the bracket base and the connecting piece are connected by a flange.

[0018] Furthermore, a buoy is fixedly connected to the hopper support and the bottom of the beam; the buoy includes a buoy base, two support platforms fixed on the upper surface of the buoy base and a support plate fixed on the upper surface of the support platform, and the top surface of the support plate is connected to the hopper support and the bottom of the beam.

[0019] Furthermore, the hopper wall height corresponding to the U-shaped four-side unloading position group is 9.9 meters, and the angle with the horizontal plane is 55 degrees.

[0020] Furthermore, the steel structure retaining wall includes retaining wall uprights and oblique supports; the retaining wall uprights include unloading steel retaining walls corresponding to four unloading positions, a standard steel retaining wall outside the semi-fixed crushing station, an L-shaped steel retaining wall between the unloading steel retaining wall and the standard steel retaining wall, a 90-degree steel retaining wall corresponding to the second unloading position and the third unloading position, and a 135-degree steel retaining wall corresponding to the first unloading position and the second unloading position, and between the third unloading position and the fourth unloading position, and adjacent retaining wall uprights are fixedly connected by bolts; a lifting ring is fixedly provided on the upper part of the inner side surface of the retaining wall upright, and the lifting ring is fixedly connected to one end of the anchor rod, and the anchor rod is fixed in the backfill soil of the open-air slope; the bottom of the retaining wall upright is bolted to the embedded bottom plate; the two sides of each of the oblique supports are respectively fixed to the surface of the embedded bottom plate and the retaining wall upright, and each of the oblique supports is arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the retaining wall upright.

[0021] Furthermore, a retaining wall top is provided on the top of the retaining wall vertical plate by bolt fixation; a standard wall panel retaining wall top is provided on the top of the standard steel retaining wall, an L-shaped wall panel retaining wall top is provided on the top of the L-shaped steel retaining wall, and a 90-degree wall panel retaining wall top is provided on the top of the 90-degree steel retaining wall.

[0022] Furthermore, the car blocking part includes a car blocking part and a supporting part. The car blocking part is located at one end of the supporting part close to the steel structure retaining wall. The top of the car blocking part is higher than the supporting part to form a car facing surface. The car facing surface and the top surface of the supporting part form an obtuse angle. The end of the supporting part away from the car blocking part is connected to the unloading position.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention not only solves the defects of conventional unloading position layout and improves the efficiency of semi-continuous front-end feeding through the refined design of unloading positions and driving lanes, but also avoids the interference of driving directions when multiple trucks are unloading, thereby improving the unloading progress. At the same time, when the truck enters and exits the unloading position, the truck route has a sufficiently safe distance from the embankment, ensuring the safety of the truck driving; the shape and structure of the U-shaped four-sided unloading position group and the circular symmetrical driving lane on the unloading platform ensure the safety of the crushing station equipment and the safety of the steel structure retaining wall of the unloading platform;

[0025] (2) The total support area of ​​the pontoon on the ground is increased, which provides a guarantee for the additional support force required for the weight of the hopper and the weight of the material. At the same time, the pontoon replacing the double crawler solution can make the length and width of the anti-rollover line of the total support surface formed by the pontoons larger than the length and width of the anti-rollover line formed by the double crawler, which is more suitable for the impact of the truck unloading on the hopper wall, ensuring the stability of the crushing station, and having a good effect in anti-rollover and reducing impact vibration and swing;

[0026] (3) Semi-fixed crushing stations and steel structure retaining walls can be relocated according to site needs, with high relocation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an unloading position on an unloading platform in the prior art;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a top view of the unloading platform and the semi-fixed crushing station of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a top view of a U-shaped four-side unloading bay group;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a semi-stationary crushing station;

[0033] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of a hopper support;

[0034] Figure 8 It is the front view of the hopper support;

[0035] Fig. 9 is a top view of the hopper support;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the buoy;

[0037] Fig.11 is a top view of the buoy;

[0038] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Sectional view along CC direction;

[0039] Fig.13 is a side view of the buoy;

[0040] Fig.14 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the steel structure retaining wall;

[0041] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0042] Fig.16 This is the front view of the steel structure retaining wall;

[0043] Fig.17 This is a top view of the steel structure retaining wall;

[0044] Fig.18 A top view of the connection state of the retaining wall vertical plate;

[0045] Fig.19 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection state of the steel structure retaining wall, inclined support and anchor rod;

[0046] Fig. 20 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the steel retaining wall of the unloading bay;

[0047] Fig.21 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a 90-degree steel retaining wall;

[0048] Fig. 22 This is a top view of the 90-degree steel retaining wall;

[0049] Fig.23 This is a three-dimensional image of a 135-degree steel retaining wall;

[0050] Fig.24 This is a top view of the 135-degree steel retaining wall;

[0051] Fig.25 A three-dimensional diagram of an oblique support;

[0052] Fig.26 It is the front view of the inclined support;

[0053] Fig. 27 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the top of the standard wall panel retaining wall;

[0054] Fig.28 It is a top view of the top of the standard wall panel retaining wall;

[0055] Fig.29 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the top of the L-shaped wall panel retaining wall;

[0056] Fig.30 It is a top view of the top of the L-shaped wall panel retaining wall;

[0057] Fig.31 It is a three-dimensional picture of the top of the 90-degree wall panel retaining wall;

[0058] Fig.32 It is a top view of the top of the 90-degree wall panel retaining wall;

[0059] Fig.33 A three-dimensional diagram of a vehicle stopper;

[0060] Fig.34 It is a front view of the vehicle stopper;

[0061] Fig.35 A top view of a vehicle stopper;

[0062] Fig.36 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading platform and steel structure retaining wall section on the rock layer slope of an open-pit coal mine.

[0063] in,

[0064] 100. Unloading platform;

[0065] 200, U-shaped four-side unloading position group; 201, first unloading position; 202, second unloading position; 203, third unloading position; 204, fourth unloading position;

[0066] 300, circular symmetrical driving lane; 301, straight-in main lane; 302, straight-out main lane; 303, vehicle-entry branch lane; 3031, first vehicle-entry branch lane; 3032, second vehicle-entry branch lane; 3033, third vehicle-entry branch lane; 3034, fourth vehicle-entry branch lane; 304, vehicle-exit branch lane; 3041, first vehicle-exit branch lane; 3042, second vehicle-exit branch lane; 3043, third vehicle-exit branch lane; 3044, fourth vehicle-exit branch lane; 305, unloading lane; 3051, first unloading lane; 3052, second unloading lane; 3053, third unloading lane; 3054, fourth unloading lane;

[0067] 400, semi-stationary crushing station; 401, hopper; 402, plate feeder module; 403, crusher module; 404, electrical room module; 405, discharge belt conveyor; 406, buoy; 4061, buoy base; 4062, support platform; 4063, support plate; 407, hopper bracket; 4071, bracket base; 4072, connector; 4073, support arm; 408, beam;

[0068] 500, steel structure retaining wall; 501, retaining wall vertical plate; 5011, unloading steel retaining wall; 5012, standard steel retaining wall; 5013, L-shaped steel retaining wall; 5014, 90-degree steel retaining wall; 5015, 135-degree steel retaining wall; 502, inclined support; 503, embedded bottom plate; 504, lifting ring; 505, anchor rod; 506, retaining wall top; 5061, standard wall panel retaining wall top; 5062, L-shaped wall panel retaining wall top; 5063, 90-degree wall panel retaining wall top;

[0069] 600, vehicle stopper; 601, vehicle stopper portion; 602, supporting portion.

[0070] 700, short-haul transport road; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] The open pit wall stripping system for steeply inclined pits includes a short reverse transport road 700, a car unloading platform 100 on the slope of the open pit, a semi-fixed crushing station 400 and a belt conveyor. The car unloading platform 100 is connected to the steps of the short reverse transport road. The bottom of the car unloading platform 100 is filled with backfill soil of the soil quality according to the design requirements. The thickness of the backfill soil is controlled at 250mm to 300mm. After each layer is paved and leveled, it is compacted by a press. When filling the soil, it should be initially very flat and evenly distributed without any gaps.

[0073] Taking an open-pit mine as an example, the initial design production capacity is 8,000 tons / hour. Based on the relevant content of HaulTruck Speed ​​Analysis and Effect on Fleet Optimization of the University of Arizona, it is concluded that the unloading cycle time of each unloading position is about 1.8 minutes, and the maximum time should not exceed 2.3 minutes. In order to ensure the system capacity, this calculation takes the maximum time into consideration and takes a value of 2.3 minutes, so the number of unloading times per parking position per hour is about 26 times. According to the existing main force and recent trends of an open-pit mine, the main vehicle model is 80-ton wide-body dump trucks, and the unloading capacity per parking position per hour is 80×26=2080t / h. The system capacity is: 8000 / 2080=3.85, so the system selects four unloading positions.

[0074] At present, the layout of the four unloading spaces for wide-body trucks in China is basically as follows: Figure 1 This unloading station layout is more suitable for newly built semi-fixed crushing stations, and is used for unloading and feeding of wide-body trucks with smaller tonnage. The distance between trucks is small and the unloading efficiency is low.

[0075] The embodiment of the present invention provides a U-shaped four-side unloading station group 200 arrangement structure of an unloading platform 100, specifically: Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, a U-shaped four-sided unloading space group 200 is provided on the unloading platform 100, and a vehicle stopper 600 is fixedly provided at the front end of the U-shaped four-sided unloading space group 200. The vehicle stopper 600 meets the tire diameter of the truck used, and the vehicle stopper 600 forms a U-shaped four-sided unloading space. Specifically, the vehicle stopper 600 is pre-buried in the unloading space through the bottom.

[0076] The U-shaped four-side unloading position group 200 is composed of a first unloading position 201, a second unloading position 202, a third unloading position 203 and a fourth unloading position 204. The angle between the second unloading position 202 and the third unloading position 203 is is 90°, the angle between the first unloading position 201 and the second unloading position 202 The angle between the third unloading position 203 and the fourth unloading position 204 is The angles are all 45°, and the width a of each unloading position is 6 meters. Due to the large spacing and reasonable layout between unloading positions, unloading operations can be carried out independently without interfering with each other, thus meeting the requirements of unloading efficiency.

[0077] like Fig.36 As shown, under the premise that the inclination angle α of the mine wall slope is constant, reducing the width W of the unloading platform 100 can avoid the instability of the retaining wall structure caused by the height of the steel structure retaining wall 500 being too high. Therefore, it is necessary to specially design the width W of the unloading platform 100 and the driving path of the truck on the unloading platform 100.

[0078] The circular symmetrical carriageway 300 includes a straight main entrance road 301 and a straight main exit road 302 near the slope, an entry branch road 303 corresponding to each unloading position and connected to the straight main entrance road 301 in an arc shape, an exit branch road 304 corresponding to each unloading position and connected to the straight main exit road 302 in an arc shape, and an unloading lane 305 between the entry branch road 303 and the exit branch road 304 corresponding to each unloading position, wherein the unloading lane 305 is a straight lane, the end of the unloading lane 305 is connected to the unloading position in a straight line, and the end of the entry branch road 303 is connected to the unloading lane 305 in an arc shape. The circular symmetrical carriageway 300 presents a shape that is generally symmetrical about the central axis between the second unloading position 202 and the third unloading position 203, and the road width of the circular symmetrical carriageway 300 is 5 meters.

[0079] The first unloading position 201 corresponds to the first vehicle-entry branch road 3031 of the vehicle-entry branch road 303, the first unloading lane 3051 and the first vehicle-exit branch road 3041 of the vehicle-exit branch road 304; the second unloading position 202 corresponds to the second vehicle-entry branch road 3032 of the vehicle-entry branch road 303, the second unloading lane 3052 and the second vehicle-exit branch road 3042 of the vehicle-exit branch road 304; the third unloading position 203 corresponds to the third vehicle-entry branch road 3033 of the vehicle-entry branch road 303, the third unloading lane 3053 and the third vehicle-exit branch road 304; the fourth unloading position 204 corresponds to the fourth vehicle-entry branch road 3034 of the vehicle-entry branch road 303, the fourth unloading lane 3054 and the fourth vehicle-exit branch road 3044 of the vehicle-exit branch road 304;

[0080] The first vehicle-entry branch road 3031 is parallel to the first vehicle-exit branch road 3041, and the fourth vehicle-entry branch road 3034 is parallel to the fourth vehicle-exit branch road 3044; the starting end of the first vehicle-exit branch road 3041 is connected in an arc shape to the end of the first unloading lane 3051, the starting end of the fourth vehicle-exit branch road 3044 is connected in an arc shape to the end of the fourth unloading lane 3054, the starting end of the second vehicle-exit branch road 3042 is in a straight line with the second unloading lane 3052, and the starting end of the third vehicle-exit branch road 3043 is in a straight line with the third unloading lane 3053; the first vehicle-exit branch road 3041 and the second vehicle-exit branch road 3042 intersect and are connected, and the third vehicle-exit branch road 3043 and the fourth vehicle-exit branch road 3044 intersect and are connected; the second vehicle-entry branch road 3032 and the third vehicle-entry branch road 3033 intersect and are connected at the central axis position between the second unloading position 202 and the third unloading position 203.

[0081] Each unloading position is connected to the straight-in main road and the straight-out main road through the corresponding entry and exit branches, while the unloading lane leads directly to the unloading position, reducing road conflicts for truck driving and forming an efficient truck transportation network.

[0082] It should be noted that: both the first vehicle exit branch road 3041 and the second vehicle exit branch road 3042 have intersections with the straight-in main road. When an empty truck and a loaded truck run to the intersection, the loaded truck should be allowed to pass first to avoid the loading truck stopping midway, so as to improve the unloading efficiency. When the trucks at the intersection of the first vehicle exit branch road 3041 and the second vehicle exit branch road 3042 are running, since the trucks on the first vehicle exit branch road 3041 are running on a straight road, and the trucks passing the curved road of the second vehicle exit branch road 3042 have limited vision, in order to ensure driving safety, the trucks on the second vehicle exit branch road 3042 are allowed to pass first over the trucks on the first vehicle exit branch road 3041. Similarly, when the trucks at the intersection of the third vehicle exit branch road 3043 and the fourth vehicle exit branch road 3044 are running, the trucks on the third vehicle exit branch road 3043 are allowed to pass first over the trucks on the fourth vehicle exit branch road 3044. Clear traffic signs and signal systems can also be set up to guide truck movement and ensure that trucks move smoothly and orderly when entering and exiting unloading areas.

[0083] The U-shaped four-sided unloading parking space group 200 and the circular symmetrical driving lane 300 on the unloading platform 100 are cast-in-place with gravel concrete, and reinforced steel bars are arranged inside to ensure that the U-shaped four-sided unloading parking space group 200 and the circular symmetrical driving lane 300 will not be crushed by a truck loaded with heavy objects.

[0084] The present invention not only solves the defects of conventional unloading space layout and improves the efficiency of semi-continuous front-end feeding through the refined design of the unloading space and the driving lane on the unloading platform, but also avoids the interference of multiple truck driving directions under the limited unloading platform width, thereby improving the unloading progress. At the same time, when the truck enters and exits the unloading space, the truck route has a sufficiently safe distance from the embankment, ensuring the safety of the truck driving. There is less interference between driving directions, and the unloading efficiency is higher and safer.

[0085] A steel retaining wall 500 having the same height as the unloading platform 100 is arranged around the semi-fixed crushing station 400 .

[0086] The inclination angle of the pit wall is 50 to 60 degrees, the width b of the short reverse transport road 700 for truck transportation is no more than 10 meters, and the safe width W of the unloading platform is 60 to 80 meters.

[0087] The embodiment of the present invention provides a semi-fixed crushing station, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the semi-fixed crushing station includes a hopper 401, an apron feeder module 402, a discharge belt conveyor 405 and a beam 408. The top edge of the hopper 401 is connected to the front end of the U-shaped four-sided unloading station group 200; a hopper bracket 407 is welded or bolted at the bottom of the hopper 401, and the hopper 401 is welded to the tail of the beam 408; a crusher module 403 is installed on one side of the hopper 401 and the apron feeder module 402. Specifically, the crusher module 403 is a roller crusher, which includes a roller assembly, a roller support bearing, a clamping and adjusting device, and a driving device. An electrical room module 404 is installed on one side of the crusher module 403, and the crusher module 403 and the electrical room module 404 are fixedly connected to the beam 408; the plate feeder module 402 is tilted and fixedly arranged on the beam 408, the bottom end of the plate feeder module 402 corresponds to the bottom port of the hopper 401, and the top of the plate feeder module 402 is located above the crusher module 403; the discharge belt conveyor 405 is tilted and fixedly arranged at one end of the beam 408 away from the plate feeder module 402, and the crusher module 403 corresponds to the bottom of the discharge belt conveyor 405.

[0088] The truck unloads the peeling material into the hopper 401 of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 on the unloading platform 100 at the end of the short-distance route, and the peeling material falls into the plate feeder module 402. The plate feeder module 402 drives the material to fall into the crusher module 403 through variable frequency speed regulation. The peeling material is crushed by the double-toothed roller screening crusher with a maximum feed particle size of 1500mm into a maximum force of 400mm, and is discharged through the discharge port of the crusher module 403, and then discharged into the belt conveyor through the discharge belt conveyor 405.

[0089] A hopper support 407 is fixed to the bottom of the hopper 401 by bolts. The structure of the hopper support 407 is as follows: Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the hopper bracket 407 adopts a U-shaped structure, adapted to the U-shaped structure of the hopper 401, and is welded at the tail of the two beams 408 to support the weight of one end of the hopper 401 close to the unloading platform 100. The hopper bracket 407 includes a bracket base 4071, a connector 4072 on the upper surface of the end of the bracket base 4071, and a support arm 4073 on the upper part of the connector 4072. The bracket base 4071 is connected to the connector 4072 by a flange. The hopper bracket 407 is welded by steel plates, and the steel material is Q345E to ensure the support strength.

[0090] The embodiment of the present invention provides a semi-fixed crushing station 400, wherein both sides of the bottom of the hopper support 407 and the beam 408 of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 are connected to the buoy 406 by bolts. Figure 4 The structure of the buoy 406 is as shown in FIG. Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the buoy 406 includes a buoy base 4061, two support platforms 4062 installed on the upper surface of the buoy base 4061, and a support plate 4063 on the upper surface of the support platform 4062. Bolt holes are provided on the support plate 4063, and the support plate 4063 is bolted to the hopper bracket 407 and the bottom of the beam 408.

[0091] The four bottom corners of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 are supported by pontoons 406. The overall structure of the equipment is stable, the support area is large, and the structure is subjected to small torsion. The ground contact area of ​​the pontoon satisfies that the pressure generated by all loads is less than the designed ground contact pressure of 260kPa. The ground compaction can reach a flatness of 1 / 40, and no concrete construction is required, reducing investment costs and relocation costs. Compared with the support surface of the double crawler of 31 square meters, the ground support area of ​​the pontoon 406 is 42 square meters. The total ground support area of ​​the pontoon 406 is increased, which provides a guarantee for the additional support required for the weight of the hopper 401 and the weight of the material. At the same time, the replacement of the double crawler solution by the pontoon 406 can make the length and width of the anti-rollover line of the total support surface formed by the pontoons larger than the length and width of the anti-rollover line formed by the double crawler, which is more suitable for the impact of the truck unloading on the hopper wall, ensuring the stability of the crushing station, and having a good effect in anti-rollover and reducing impact vibration and swing. At the same time, it also solves the vibration problem of the upper driver's cab, making the operator's working environment more comfortable. The pontoon 406 is a box-shaped structure welded with Q345E steel plates, which can meet the needs of single lifting of ordinary equipment. If the transport equipment has sufficient capacity, it can also be transported directly by a combined multi-wheel truck / self-driving module transporter without dismantling and reassembling, so as to save time for relocation, transportation and collection.

[0092] After the construction of the retaining wall and the unloading platform 100 is completed, the semi-fixed crushing station 400 is assembled in the unloading space. Compared with the mobile crushing station, the semi-fixed crushing station 400 supported by the buoy 406 is placed in a smaller foundation pit, reducing the workload of the construction foundation pit.

[0093] According to the design relationship between the hopper 401 of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 and the U-shaped four-side unloading station group 200, the hopper 401 meets the volume and position of four wide-body mining trucks unloading at the same time, and is considered approximately 4.5 times the vehicle-mounted cubic meter. At the same time, considering the factors such as the truck unloading capacity, the load of the plate feeder module 402, the steel structure support strength of the buoy 406, hopper bracket 407 and beam 408 at the bottom of the semi-fixed crushing station 400, the hopper wall height of the hopper 401 corresponding to the U-shaped four-side unloading station group 200 is selected to be 10 meters, and the angle with the horizontal plane is 55 degrees. When unloading, the hopper wall buffers and falls on the plate feeder module 402, reducing the impact damage of the stripping material on the plate feeder module 402. Hardox 450 wear-resistant lining or equivalent wear-resistant lining is installed inside the hopper 401, and the size of the lining is easy to replace.

[0094] When the semi-fixed crushing station needs to be relocated, the equipment structure is complete after the dismantling of the discharging belt conveyor 405, and the upper structures such as the hopper 401, the plate feeder module 402, the crusher module 403 and the electrical room module 404 do not need to be disassembled. After the buoy 406 is arranged, the hopper 401, the plate feeder module 402, the crusher module 403 and the electrical room module 404 are transported to the place by multi-wheel flat plates, accurately fall on the top of the buoy 406, and are fixed with bolts. Improve the efficiency of relocation, reduce the cost of repeated disassembly and installation, and the resulting extended debugging time and even possible failures. The upper structure can be transported separately as a whole by an ordinary flatbed truck without further disassembly. The modular main structure of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 can be relocated in the mine within one work shift. The discharging belt conveyor 405 of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 can be installed and debugged within three days. If preparations are made in advance, for example, two weeks in advance, the preparatory work such as foundation pit excavation, compaction and leveling and retaining wall support can be completed in advance. The semi-fixed crushing station 400 can be relocated within five days of shutdown. The economic cost and time cost of relocation are much lower than the relocation cost of other types of semi-fixed crushing stations. Compared with the semi-fixed crushing stations with a large number of concrete foundations, anchor bolt connections, and non-modular designs that are still used in most domestic mines, and in some cold areas, concrete construction cannot be carried out or the construction quality cannot be guaranteed in winter, the short relocation cycle advantage of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 of the embodiment of the present invention is more prominent.

[0095] like Figures 14 to 26As shown, the retaining wall is a steel structure retaining wall 500, including retaining wall uprights 501 and oblique supports 502. The retaining wall uprights 501 are welded from steel sections into a rectangular frame, and steel plates are welded on the outside of the frame. The retaining wall uprights 501 include unloading steel retaining walls 5011 corresponding to the four unloading positions, a standard steel retaining wall 5012 on the outside of the semi-fixed crushing station 400, an L-shaped steel retaining wall 5013 between the unloading steel retaining wall 5011 and the standard steel retaining wall 5012, a 90-degree steel retaining wall 5014 corresponding to the second unloading position 202 and the third unloading position 203, and a 135-degree steel retaining wall 5015 corresponding to the first unloading position 201 and the second unloading position 202, and between the third unloading position 203 and the fourth unloading position 204. Adjacent retaining wall uprights 501 are fixedly connected by bolts. A lifting ring 504 is fixedly provided on the upper part of the inner side surface of the retaining wall vertical plate 501, and the lifting ring 504 is fixedly connected to one end of the anchor rod 505, and the anchor rod 505 is fixed in the backfill soil of the open-air slope. The bottom of the retaining wall vertical plate 501 is fixed to the embedded bottom plate 503 by bolts. Drill holes according to the design arrangement at the bottom of the step of the trough body, place the embedded bottom plate 503 and then grout. The crane vertically lifts the retaining wall vertical plates 501 in turn, and the bottom of the retaining wall vertical plates 501 is bolted to the embedded bottom plate 503. The two sides of each of the inclined supports 502 are respectively fixed to the surface of the embedded bottom plate 503 and the retaining wall vertical plates 501, and each of the inclined supports 502 is arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the retaining wall vertical plates 501. The inclined supports 502 are used to strengthen the connection stability of the retaining wall vertical plates 501 and support the retaining wall vertical plates 501.

[0096] The top of the retaining wall vertical plate 501 is fixed with a retaining wall top 506 by bolts. Fig.14 and Fig.16 As shown, specifically: a standard wall panel retaining wall top 5061 is provided on the top of the standard steel retaining wall 5012, and the structure of the standard wall panel retaining wall top 5061 is as follows Fig. 27 and Fig.28 As shown. The top of the L-shaped steel retaining wall 5013 is provided with an L-shaped wall panel retaining wall top 5062. The structure of the L-shaped wall panel retaining wall top 5062 is as shown in FIG. Fig.29 and Fig.30 As shown. A 90-degree wall panel retaining wall top 5063 is arranged on the top of the 90-degree steel retaining wall 5014. The structure of the 90-degree wall panel retaining wall top 5063 is as shown. Fig.31 and Fig.32 The arrangement of the retaining wall top 506 can prevent materials from falling into the space between the steel retaining wall 500 and the semi-fixed crushing station 400 during unloading, thereby preventing injuries.

[0097] The steel retaining wall 500 can be easily disassembled and reused when the crushing station is relocated. The vertical bearing pressure of the steel retaining wall 500 is designed to be 260kPa, which ensures that the steel retaining wall 500 can stably support the open-air slope during frequent truck unloading to avoid open-air slope collapse. The retaining wall vertical plate 501, inclined support 502 and retaining wall top 506 are made of Q2352 material, and the surface is treated with anti-corrosion paint.

[0098] like Figure 33 to Figure 35 As shown, the vehicle stopper 600 includes a vehicle stopper portion 601 and a support portion 602. The vehicle stopper portion 601 is located at one end of the support portion 602 close to the steel structure retaining wall 500. The top of the vehicle stopper portion 601 is higher than the support portion 602 to form a vehicle facing surface. The vehicle facing surface and the top surface of the support portion 602 form an obtuse angle. The end of the support portion 602 away from the vehicle stopper portion 601 is connected to the unloading position. The vehicle stopper portion 601 can block the unloading vehicle, and the support portion 602 is used to fix the vehicle stopper portion 601 to prevent the vehicle stopper portion 601 from moving under the collision of the vehicle tire. Furthermore, the vehicle stopper 600 is welded by angle steel and steel plate, and the steel material is Q345E to ensure the use strength of the vehicle stopper 600. In order to further improve the support and blocking strength of the vehicle stopper 600, the interior of the vehicle stopper 600 is filled with sand and gravel. The steel plate between the car block 600 and the hopper 401 prevents the material from falling into the space between the steel retaining wall 500 and the semi-fixed crushing station 400 to avoid injury. According to the "Safety Regulations for Metal and Non-metal Mines" (GB16432-2020), a safety car block is set at the edge of the soil unloading platform. The height of the car block is not less than 1 / 2 of the wheel tire diameter, the top width is not less than 1 / 4 of the wheel tire diameter, and the bottom width is not less than 3 / 4 of the wheel tire diameter.

[0099] The stripping process of the open-pit coal mine stripping system for the steep pit wall of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: drilling → blasting → shoveling → truck transfer and transportation on the short transport road 700 → driving and unloading on the unloading platform 100 → semi-fixed crushing station 400 to crush and refine large pieces of rock → belt conveyor to transport the refined stripping material → soil discharger to discharge the stripping material.

[0100] The truck unloads the peeling material into the hopper 401 of the semi-fixed crushing station 400 on the unloading platform 100, and the peeling material falls into the plate feeder module 402. The plate feeder module 402 conveys the material to the hopper discharge port through the variable frequency speed drive, and the peeling material falls into the crusher module 403. The peeling material with a maximum input particle size of 1500 mm is crushed into a maximum particle size of 400 mm by the double-toothed roller screening crusher, and is discharged through the discharge port of the crusher module 403, and then discharged into the belt conveyor device through the discharge belt conveyor 405.

[0101] Application examples:

[0102] The Heishan Coal Mine Stripping Semi-continuous Project, undertaken by China Coal Construction and Installation Engineering Group Co., Ltd., started in January 2023 and was completed and put into use in December 2023. The following table shows the main parameters of the production capacity of the unloading truck, semi-fixed crushing station and stripping system of this project. After operation, the open-pit coal mine stripping system with a large slope pit wall has fully met expectations. The stripping system has a reasonable technical solution, a mature and reliable structure, advanced stripping technology, and high truck driving efficiency, which is worthy of promotion. The following table shows the specific process parameters of the open-pit coal mine stripping system with a large slope pit wall:

[0103] Truck Model XCMG XG-110A Truck cargo box volume <![CDATA[平装容积:39m 3 堆装容积(SAE2:1):47m 3 > Truck Dimensions 9460mm×3760mm×4300mm Truck rated load 70 tons Number of unloading spaces Four Unloading height 10 meters Silo capacity 238 cubic meters Rated capacity 8000 tons / hour Peak Capacity 9000 tons / hour Feed size 1500mm×1500mm×1500mm Discharge size 400mm×400mm×400mm

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. They should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-slope pit wall open-pit coal mine stripping system, characterized by: It comprises a short-distance transport road (700), a car unloading platform (100) on the slope of an open-pit coal mine, a semi-fixed crushing station (400) and a belt conveyor, wherein the car unloading platform (100) is connected to the steps of the short-distance transport road (700); A U-shaped four-sided unloading space group (200) and a circular symmetrical driving lane (300) are arranged on the unloading platform (100); a vehicle blocking member (600) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the U-shaped four-sided unloading space group (200); the vehicle blocking member (600) forms a U-shaped four-sided unloading space; and a semi-fixed crushing station (400) is arranged in the U-shaped four-sided unloading space; The U-shaped four-side unloading position group (200) consists of a first unloading position (201), a second unloading position (202), a third unloading position (203) and a fourth unloading position (204), wherein the angle θ1 between the second unloading position (202) and the third unloading position (203) is 90°, the angle θ2 between the first unloading position (201) and the second unloading position (202), and the angle θ3 between the third unloading position (203) and the fourth unloading position (204) are both 45°, and the width a of each unloading position is 6 meters; The circular symmetrical driving lane (300) comprises a straight main entrance lane (301) and a straight main exit lane (302) near the slope, an entrance branch lane (303) corresponding to each unloading position and connected to the straight main entrance lane (301) in an arc shape, an exit branch lane (304) corresponding to each unloading position and connected to the straight main exit lane (302) in an arc shape, and an unloading lane (305) between the entrance branch lane (303) and the exit branch lane (304) corresponding to each unloading position, wherein the unloading lane (305) is a straight lane, the end of the unloading lane (305) is connected to the unloading position in a straight line, and the end of the entrance branch lane (303) is connected to the unloading lane (305) in an arc shape; the circular symmetrical driving lane (300) presents a shape that is generally symmetrical about the central axis between the second unloading position (202) and the third unloading position (203); The first unloading position (201) corresponds to the first vehicle entry branch road (3031), the first unloading lane (3051) and the first vehicle exit branch road (304) of the vehicle entry branch road (303); the second unloading position (202) corresponds to the second vehicle entry branch road (3032), the second unloading lane (3052) and the second vehicle exit branch road (304) of the vehicle exit branch road (304); The third unloading position (203) corresponds to the third vehicle entry branch road (3033), the third unloading lane (3053) and the third vehicle exit branch road (304) of the vehicle entry branch road (303); the fourth unloading position (204) corresponds to the fourth vehicle entry branch road (3034), the fourth unloading lane (3054) and the fourth vehicle exit branch road (304) of the vehicle entry branch road (303); The first vehicle inlet branch road (3031) is parallel to the first vehicle outlet branch road (3041), the fourth vehicle inlet branch road (3034) is parallel to the fourth vehicle outlet branch road (3044); the starting end of the first vehicle outlet branch road (3041) is connected to the end of the first unloading lane (3051) in an arc shape, the starting end of the fourth vehicle outlet branch road (3044) is connected to the end of the fourth unloading lane (3054) in an arc shape, and the starting end of the second vehicle outlet branch road (3042) is connected to the second unloading lane (3052). A straight line, the beginning of the third vehicle exit branch road (3043) and the third vehicle unloading lane (3053) are in a straight line; the first vehicle exit branch road (3041) and the second vehicle exit branch road (3042) intersect and connect, and the third vehicle exit branch road (3043) and the fourth vehicle exit branch road (3044) intersect and connect; the second vehicle entrance branch road (3032) and the third vehicle entrance branch road (3033) intersect and connect at the center axis position between the second unloading position (202) and the third unloading position (203); A steel structure retaining wall (500) having the same height as the unloading platform (100) is arranged around the semi-fixed crushing station (400); The inclination angle of the pit wall is 50 to 60 degrees, the width b of the short reverse transport road (700) for truck transportation is no more than 10 meters, and the safe width W of the unloading platform is 60 to 80 meters.

2. The high-slope pit wall open-pit coal mine stripping system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A semi-stationary crushing station, comprising a hopper (401), an apron feeder module (402), a discharge belt conveyor (405) and a beam (408); A hopper bracket (407) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the hopper (401), and the hopper bracket (407) is welded to the tail of the beam (408); A crusher module (403) is installed on one side of the hopper (401) and the plate feeder module (402), an electrical room module (404) is installed on one side of the crusher module (403), and the crusher module (403) and the electrical room module (404) are fixedly connected to the beam (408); The plate feeder module (402) is tilted and fixedly arranged on the beam (408), the bottom end of the plate feeder module (402) corresponds to the bottom port of the hopper (401), and the top end of the plate feeder module (402) is located above the crusher module (403); The discharge belt conveyor (405) is tilted and fixedly arranged at one end of the beam (408) away from the plate feeder module (402), and the crusher module (403) corresponds to the bottom of the discharge belt conveyor (405); The hopper support (407) comprises a support base (4071), a connecting piece (4072) on the upper surface of the end of the support base (4071), and a support arm (4073) on the upper part of the connecting piece (4072). The support base (4071) and the connecting piece (4072) are connected via a flange.

3. The high-slope pit wall open-pit coal mine stripping system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hopper support (407) and the bottom of the beam (408) are fixedly connected with a buoy (406); The buoy (406) includes a buoy base (4061), two support platforms (4062) fixed on the upper surface of the buoy base (4061), and a support plate (4063) fixed on the upper surface of the support platform (4062), and the top surface of the support plate (4063) is connected to the hopper bracket (407) and the bottom of the beam (408).

4. The high-slope pit wall open-pit coal mine stripping system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The hopper wall of the hopper (401) corresponding to the U-shaped four-side unloading position group (200) has a height of 9.9 meters and an angle of 55 degrees with the horizontal plane.

5. The high-slope pit wall open-pit coal mine stripping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel structure retaining wall (500) comprises a retaining wall vertical plate (501) and an inclined support (502); The retaining wall uprights (501) include unloading steel retaining walls (5011) corresponding to the four unloading positions, a standard steel retaining wall (5012) outside the semi-fixed crushing station (400), an L-shaped steel retaining wall (5013) between the unloading steel retaining wall (5011) and the standard steel retaining wall (5012), a 90-degree steel retaining wall (5014) corresponding to the second unloading position (202) and the third unloading position (203), and a 135-degree steel retaining wall (5015) corresponding to the first unloading position (201) and the second unloading position (202), and between the third unloading position (203) and the fourth unloading position (204). Adjacent retaining wall uprights (501) are fixedly connected by bolts. A lifting ring (504) is fixedly provided on the upper part of the inner side surface of the retaining wall vertical plate (501), and the lifting ring (504) is fixedly connected to one end of an anchoring pull rod (505), and the anchoring pull rod (505) is fixed in the backfill soil of the open-air slope; The bottom of the retaining wall vertical plate (501) is fixed to the embedded bottom plate (503) by bolts; The two sides of each of the inclined supports (502) are respectively fixed to the surfaces of the embedded base plate (503) and the retaining wall upright plate (501), and the inclined supports (502) are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the retaining wall upright plate (501).

6. The high-slope pit wall open-pit coal mine stripping system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A retaining wall top (506) is fixed on the top of the retaining wall vertical plate (501) by bolts; A standard wall panel retaining wall top (5061) is arranged on the top of the standard steel retaining wall (5012), an L-shaped wall panel retaining wall top (5062) is arranged on the top of the L-shaped steel retaining wall (5013), and a 90-degree wall panel retaining wall top (5063) is arranged on the top of the 90-degree steel retaining wall (5014).

7. The high-slope pit wall open-pit coal mine stripping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle blocking member (600) comprises a vehicle blocking portion (601) and a supporting portion (602). The vehicle blocking portion (601) is located at one end of the supporting portion (602) close to the steel structure retaining wall (500). The top of the vehicle blocking portion (601) is higher than the supporting portion (602) to form a vehicle facing surface. The vehicle facing surface and the top surface of the supporting portion (602) form an obtuse angle. The end of the supporting portion (602) away from the vehicle blocking portion (601) is connected to the unloading position.

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