A method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for cultivating Poria cocos by using Simao pine branches, and relates to the technical field of Poria cocos planting. The present invention selects Simao pine branches, peels them and retains the bark, soaks them with wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, nisin, and gibberellin as soaking liquid, and then inoculates Poria cocos, which can reduce the large-scale waste of pine resources by using large-diameter pine segments or tree stumps to cultivate Poria cocos in traditional cultivation methods, and at the same time improve the yield of Poria cocos, which is convenient for large-scale production; the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, can improve the utilization rate of discarded pine branches, further reduce the planting cost, and can accelerate the growth cycle and harvest of Poria cocos.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Poria cocos planting, and in particular to a method for cultivating Poria cocos by adopting Simiao pine branches. Background Art

[0002] The existing traditional Poria cocos cultivation methods include pine wood segment cultivation method and substitute material cultivation method, among which the pine wood segment cultivation method includes trunk wood segment cultivation method and tree stump cultivation method. The trunk wood segment cultivation method usually selects untended pine segments with a diameter of more than 12 cm or mature large-diameter segments for inoculation and cultivation of Poria cocos, and the tree stump cultivation requires living pine stumps as the substrate. Both methods will lead to excessive use of pine resources and damage the ecological environment. In addition, the pine wood segments in the prior art are expensive, and felling and transportation occupy a lot of human resources, making it difficult to achieve large-scale production.

[0003] The substitute cultivation method uses pine sawdust or sawdust from other tree species as the growth substrate for Poria cocos. The Poria cocos fungus is inoculated into the sawdust culture medium and then cultured at a constant temperature, so that the Poria cocos hyphae grow in the sawdust and form sclerotia. Although the sawdust method can use sawdust as a culture medium to grow Poria cocos, the nutrients in sawdust are relatively limited, and the nutrients in sawdust from different tree species vary greatly. This may lead to nutritional imbalance in the growth of Poria cocos, affecting its yield and quality.

[0004] In response to the above problems, some people have tried to use discarded pine branches to plant Poria cocos. For example, the patent with publication number CN105309203A proposed a method of planting Poria cocos using small-diameter pine wood. The method uses a main section of large-diameter wood as the center of the bundle, and evenly bundles 3-4 layers of small-diameter wood on the main section of wood as the cultivation matrix of Poria cocos. However, this method still needs to use the nutrients in the large-diameter pine branches. Although the patents with publication numbers CN 113383672 A and CN 113383674 A mentioned the use of small branches, they did not directly use pine branches to cultivate Poria cocos, but used them as guide wood. The main nutrition of Poria cocos was provided by nutrient packs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches. By pretreating the Simiao pine branches and then cultivating Poria cocos, the use of logs is reduced while ensuring the yield of Poria cocos, the cost of Poria cocos planting is reduced, and the economic benefits of planting are improved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Pretreatment of pine branches: Cut Simao pine branches into segments and peel the branches. When peeling, keep a plurality of 1-3 cm continuous tree barks on the circumference of each pine branch segment, and prepare the pretreated pine branches for later use;

[0009] S2, preparation of soaking liquid: the contents of the components in the soaking liquid are set to 200-400mL / L of wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid, 60-80mg / L of magnesium sulfate, 40-50mg / L of magnesium nitrate, 80-100mg / L of nisin, 20-40mg / L of gibberellin, and the rest is water; wherein the wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid is prepared by mixing wheat bran with 10-30 times of clean water, inoculating yeast for fermentation for 3-5d, filtering, and sterilizing the filtrate to obtain the obtained product;

[0010] S3, soaking the pine branch segments: placing the pretreated pine branches in the soaking solution for 24-30 hours, then taking them out and drying them to obtain dry pine branch segments for later use;

[0011] S4. Placement of pine branch segments: dig a planting hole in the planting site, and place one end of the dry pine branch segment flush and close to the planting hole;

[0012] S5. Inoculation: Inoculate the Poria cocos fungus into dry pine branch segments, fix them with soil, and then cover them with soil.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the bark extends continuously or semi-continuously from one end of the pine branch segment to the other end.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the diameter of the Simiao pine branches is 3-10 cm, and the length of the cut segments is 40-70 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the specific preparation method of the wheat bran fermentation sterilized liquid in step S2 comprises the following steps:

[0016] S2-1, adding 10-30 times volume of clean water to the wheat bran raw material and stirring evenly, then inoculating 0.05%-0.1% yeast of the total mass of the wheat bran raw material, stirring evenly, and fermenting at room temperature for 3-5 days to obtain the fermented material for use;

[0017] S2-2, filtering the fermented material, and sterilizing the filtrate at 120° C. for 10-15 min to obtain a sterilized wheat bran fermentation liquid.

[0018] Preferably, the wheat bran raw material is selected from a mixture of one or more brans of oats, corn, buckwheat, barley and wheat.

[0019] Preferably, the pH of the soaking liquid in step S3 is 4.2-6.3.

[0020] Preferably, the soaking treatment in step S3 is to use stones to press the pretreated pine branches until they are completely immersed in the soaking liquid.

[0021] Preferably, the drying method in step S3 is to use a temperature of 30-50° C. for drying, and the surface of the dried pine branch segments after drying turns white and has cracks.

[0022] Preferably, in step S5, after inoculating the Poria cocos strains, a layer of Pinus koji sawdust or bark is spread in the gaps between the dry pine branches.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The present invention adopts Simao pine branches as materials for inoculating and culturing fungi. Since Simao pine branches are widely available and there is no need to waste a lot of pine wood resources, discarded pine branches can be used. Compared with traditional pine branch segments, resource utilization can be further improved. Moreover, Simao pine branches are rich in nutrients, which can effectively promote the growth of Poria cocos, increase yield, and further reduce cultivation costs.

[0025] The present invention retains uninterrupted bark on each pine branch during the peeling process of the pine branches. After being soaked and dried, the bark can be used as a bridge or route for the conduction of Poria mycelium, so that the Poria mycelium can be conducted along the gaps between the bark and the xylem or the tiny cracks on the bark during the growth process, which is beneficial for the mycelium to quickly spread to the entire wood surface and interior, and is helpful for the formation and stabilization of sclerotia.

[0026] The present invention soaks pine branches in a soaking solution containing wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, nisin, gibberellins and other components, so as to provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of Poria cocos hyphae and fruiting body. Nisin can inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria and molds inside or on the surface of the pine branches, thereby reducing the nutrient consumption of the inside of the pine branches by bacteria or molds during the growth of Poria cocos, indirectly improving the growth environment of Poria cocos, and further promoting the growth of Poria cocos. At the same time, the combination of wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid, nisin and gibberellins can further accelerate the growth of Poria cocos. In addition, magnesium ions in magnesium sulfate and magnesium nitrate can provide a necessary ion environment for the use of nisin, and further enhance the stability of nisin under specific conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a picture of a pine branch section with the bark retained after being cut and peeled in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a cultivation hole excavated in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of inoculating Poria cocos with Simiao pine branches in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the planting site after inoculation of Poria cocos and covering with soil in the experimental groups 1-6 of the present invention and the comparative examples 1-2;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of inoculating Poria cocos into Simiao pine stumps in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the harvest of Poria cocos in experimental group 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0035] 1. Wheat bran fermentation:

[0036] 1.1. Wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid:

[0037] (1) After crushing the barley bran, add 20 times the volume of deionized water, and then add 0.8% of the total weight of the barley bran Saccharomyces boulardii (commercially available, 10 billion FU / g), mix and stir evenly, and ferment at room temperature for 4 days to obtain a fermented material;

[0038] (2) Filter the fermented material, and sterilize the filtrate at 120° C. for 15 min to obtain a sterilized wheat bran fermentation liquid.

[0039] 1.2. Reserve the fermented wheat bran liquid:

[0040] (1) After crushing the barley bran, add 20 times the volume of deionized water, and then add 0.8% of the total weight of the barley bran Saccharomyces boulardii (commercially available, 10 billion FU / g), mix and stir evenly, and ferment at room temperature for 4 days to obtain a fermented material;

[0041] (2) Filter the fermented material, and the filtrate is the wheat bran fermentation liquid.

[0042] 2. Configuration of soaking liquid:

[0043] Using distilled water as solvent, prepare multiple groups of soaking solutions according to the contents of the components in Table 1 below, and control the pH of the soaking solutions to be between 4.2 and 6.3:

[0044] Table 1

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] Method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simao pine branches:

[0047] (1) Pretreatment of pine branches: Cut Simao pine branches with a diameter of 3-10 cm into 40-70 cm pine branch segments, and peel each pine branch segment. When peeling, retain multiple 1-3 cm continuous bark strips on the circumference of each pine branch segment, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0048] (2) Soaking of pine branches: Bundle the peeled pine branches and place them completely in the soaking liquid. Press the pine branches with stones to make the soaking liquid completely cover the pine branches. Soak them at room temperature for 28 hours. Then take them out and dry them at 40°C until the surface of the pine branches turns white and cracks appear, thereby obtaining dried pine branches.

[0049] (3) Dig planting holes in the gaps of the Simiao pine forest (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure), place one end of the dry pine branch flush and close to it in the cultivation hole. After the Poria cocos spawn package is cut, the cut end is inoculated close to the flush part of the dry pine branch (as shown in the figure). Figure 3 As shown), and fix it with soil, then spread a layer of Simao pine sawdust or bark in the gaps between the dry pine branches, and then cover it with 10-15cm thick soil (as shown in Figure 4 as shown).

[0050] Referring to the above preparation method, different soaking solutions were selected and different experimental groups were set, as shown in Table 2 below:

[0051] Table 2

[0052]

[0053] Comparative Example 1:

[0054] Method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simao pine branches:

[0055] (1) Pretreatment of pine branches: Cut Simao pine branches with a diameter of 3-10 cm into pine branch segments of 40-70 cm, and remove all bark from the surface of each pine branch segment;

[0056] Steps (2)-(3) are the same as those in Example 2, and soaking liquid A is used for soaking.

[0057] Comparative Example 2:

[0058] Method of cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine stumps:

[0059] Dig a planting hole in the gap of the Simiao pine plantation, cut a notch on the surface of the Simiao pine stump with a diameter of 30-50cm (such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure), place it in the cultivation hole, inoculate the Poria cocos spawn to the gap, and then cover it with a 10-15cm layer of soil.

[0060] Detection:

[0061] 1. The yield, survival rate and growth period of Poria cocos of the above experimental groups 1-6 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were measured respectively (three cultivation holes were set for planting in each group, and the results were averaged). The results are shown in Table 3:

[0062] Table 3

[0063]

[0064] As can be seen from Table 3, the yield of Poria cocos cultivated in experimental groups 1 and 2 was higher and the growth cycle was shortened.

[0065] 2. Detect the effect of cultivating Poria cocos on soil microorganisms. The number of soil microorganisms was counted using the plate dilution counting method. The specific steps are as follows:

[0066] Weigh 10 g of fresh soil sample and add it to a flask containing 90 mL of sterile water. Shake on a shaker for 15 min. Use a pipette to pipette 1 mL into 9 mL of sterile water to make 10 -1 , 10 -2 , 10 -3 200 μL of soil dilutions of different dilutions were inoculated into culture dishes. Three replicates were set for each treatment. The culture medium was poured in to mix it thoroughly with the bacterial solution. After solidification, the culture dishes were placed in an incubator for culture.

[0067] The number of bacteria was observed after culturing at 37°C for 2 days, and the number of fungi and actinomycetes was observed after culturing at 28°C for 35 days. The results are shown in Table 4:

[0068] Table 4

[0069]

[0070] As can be seen from Table 4, the method of cultivating Poria cocos in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 resulted in a slight decrease in the number of bacteria in the soil and an increase in the number of fungi after cultivation, which is suitable for the cultivation of Poria cocos.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pretreatment of pine branches: Cut Simao pine branches into segments and peel the branches. When peeling, keep a plurality of 1-3 cm continuous tree barks on the circumference of each pine branch segment, and prepare the pretreated pine branches for later use; S2, preparation of soaking liquid: the contents of the components in the soaking liquid are set to 200-400mL / L of wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid, 60-80mg / L of magnesium sulfate, 40-50mg / L of magnesium nitrate, 80-100mg / L of nisin, 20-40mg / L of gibberellin, and the rest is water; wherein the wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid is obtained by mixing wheat bran with 10-30 times of clean water, inoculating yeast for fermentation for 3-5d, filtering, and sterilizing the filtrate; the specific preparation method of the wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid in the step S2 comprises the following steps: S2-1, adding 10-30 times the volume of clean water to the wheat bran raw material and stirring evenly, then inoculating 0.05%-0.1% of the total mass of the wheat bran raw material with yeast, mixing and stirring evenly, and fermenting at room temperature for 3-5d to obtain the fermentation material for standby use; S2-2, filtering the above-mentioned fermentation material, sterilizing the filtrate at 120°C for 10-15min, and obtaining the wheat bran fermentation sterilization liquid; S3, soaking the pine branch segments: placing the pretreated pine branches in the soaking solution for 24-30 hours, then taking them out and drying them to obtain dry pine branch segments for later use; S4. Placement of pine branch segments: dig a planting hole in the planting site, and place one end of the dry pine branch segment flush and close to the planting hole; S5. Inoculation: Inoculate the Poria cocos fungus into dry pine branch segments, fix them with soil, and then cover them with soil.

2. The method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the bark extends from one end of the pine branch segment to the other end in a continuous or semi-continuous manner.

3. The method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the diameter of the Simiao pine branches is 3-10 cm, and the length of the cut segments is 40-70 cm.

4. The method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bran raw material is selected from one or more of the brans of oats, corn, buckwheat, barley and wheat.

5. The method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH of the soaking liquid in step S3 is 4.2-6.

3.

6. The method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soaking treatment in step S3 is to use stones to press the pre-treated pine branches until they are completely immersed in the soaking liquid.

7. The method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying method in step S3 is to use a temperature of 30-50° C. for drying, and the surface of the dried pine branch segments after drying turns white and has cracks.

8. The method for cultivating Poria cocos using Simiao pine branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, after inoculating the Poria cocos strains, a layer of Simiao pine sawdust is spread in the gaps between the dry pine branches.

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