A tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning instrument

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel roof fall monitoring, and discloses a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device, including a guide rail, which is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel; a device shell, which is installed on one side of the guide rail; a moving mechanism, which is installed between the guide rail and the device shell to drive the device to move; a comprehensive monitoring mechanism, which is installed in the device shell and connected to the moving mechanism to scan and monitor the tunnel; and a detection mechanism, which is installed on the top of the device shell. The present invention utilizes the guide rail and the device connected by the moving mechanism to quickly scan and detect the tunnel, and under the action of the comprehensive monitoring mechanism, it can perform a full-scale scan of the area in the tunnel while moving, and can summarize and compare with the data scanned in the past, quickly discover the stress change area and mark and warn, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of equipment monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel roof fall monitoring, and in particular to a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning instrument. Background Art

[0002] In underground projects such as mining and tunnel construction, tunnel roof collapse is a common and serious safety accident. Due to complex geological conditions and uneven stress distribution, the rock layer at the top of the tunnel is prone to fracture and collapse, posing great safety hazards to operators and equipment. Therefore, real-time monitoring and early warning of tunnel roof collapse are of great significance to ensure the safety of underground projects.

[0003] Existing tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning equipment mostly uses a single sensor for monitoring, which has a limited monitoring range and poor adaptability to complex underground environments, making it difficult to accurately predict the risk of roof fall. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that the tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning equipment proposed in the background technology has poor adaptability to the complex underground environment and cannot timely and accurately predict the risk of roof fall, the present invention provides a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device, comprising a guide rail, the guide rail being fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0006] It also includes a device housing, which is installed on one side of the guide track;

[0007] A moving mechanism, which is installed between the guide rail and the device housing to drive the device to move;

[0008] Comprehensive monitoring mechanism: The comprehensive monitoring mechanism is installed in the housing of the device and connected to the mobile mechanism to scan and monitor the tunnel;

[0009] The detection mechanism is installed on the top of the device shell and can detect the top of the tunnel.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, when the mobile mechanism drives the equipment to move, it can synchronously drive the internal comprehensive monitoring mechanism to operate, thereby intermittently changing the rotation direction of the scanning probe, thereby ensuring that the scanning probe scans the tunnel, summarizes the data, and compares it with past scanning data, and identifies and warns areas where abnormal data differences occur. Under the action of the detection mechanism, the top of the tunnel can be intermittently tested, stress changes can be tested, and information changes can be collected through pressure detection equipment, and abnormal areas can be identified and warned.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the side cross-section of the guide rail is nearly R-shaped, a notch is provided on the outer wall on one side of the upper portion, and a limiting groove is provided in the notch, and a rack is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide rail.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the guide rail is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the tunnel, so as to provide installation and guided movement for the equipment.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the moving mechanism includes a motor installed at the bottom end of the device housing, a belt pulley 1 is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, a belt is sleeved on the outer side of the belt pulley 1, a belt pulley 2 is sleeved on the other side of the belt, a rotating shaft 2 is installed in the middle of the belt pulley 2, a gear 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft 2, and the gear 1 is meshingly connected to the rack.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the motor is used to provide driving force, and the rack and gear one are provided with rotation under the transmission of the belt pulley one, the belt and the belt pulley two, so that the device housing can move back and forth along the guide track.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the moving mechanism also includes a moving wheel, which is rollingly connected to the upper part of the guide rail, and one side of the moving wheel is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 1, the other end of the rotating shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the device shell, and a positioning wheel is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 1, and the positioning wheel is rotatably connected to the limit groove.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the moving wheels and the positioning wheels are rotatably connected to the guide rails, thereby ensuring the stability of the movement of the equipment and reducing the friction during movement.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the comprehensive monitoring mechanism includes gear 2, which is installed at the other end of rotating shaft 2, and rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the device housing. The upper and lower ends of gear 2 are respectively meshed with an upper gear and a lower gear, and protrusions are provided near the upper gear and the lower gear.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a cam is fixedly connected to one side of the gear 2, a frame is slidably abutted against the outside of the cam, an outer sleeve block is fixedly connected to one side of the frame, side plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer sleeve block, the side plates are vertically slidably connected to the vertical grooves opened on the inner wall of the device shell, a rotating block is rotatably connected to the middle part of the outer sleeve block, a movable block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating block, and ring blocks are provided at the corresponding protrusions at the upper and lower ends of the movable block.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the frame can be intermittently pushed to change its vertical up and down displacement when the cam rotates, thereby pushing the movable block to change its vertical displacement, and can drive the rotating rod to rotate in the corresponding direction under the abutment with the upper and lower end protrusions, thereby realizing the rotation of the scanning probe and expanding the detection range of the equipment.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the bottom end of the lower gear is fixedly connected to a lower rotating tube, and the lower rotating tube is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device shell, the top of the upper gear is fixedly connected to an upper rotating tube, and the upper rotating tube is rotatably connected to a positioning plate, and the positioning plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the device shell, and a rotating rod is movable in the lower gear and the upper gear, and the bottom end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device shell, and side grooves are symmetrically opened in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating rod, and a slider is vertically slidably connected in the side groove, and the slider is installed on the inner wall of the movable block to drive the ring block to intermittently abut against the protrusion, thereby driving the rotating rod to change the rotation direction.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the top of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a top block, the top of the top block is rotatably connected to a cross bar, the outer wall of the device shell is provided with a movable slot, the middle part of the cross bar is rotatably connected to the movable slot, a telescopic inner rod is provided on the inner side of the cross bar, the telescopic inner rod is rotatably connected to the top block, and a scanning probe is installed at the outer end of the cross bar.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, when the ring block is docked with the corresponding protrusion, the friction force will drive the rotating rod to rotate in the corresponding direction, thereby driving the top scanning probe to change the rotation direction.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above solution, the detection mechanism includes a pressure detection device installed on the top of the device shell, and a detection rod is movable inside the pressure detection device. The top of the detection rod can abut against the top of the tunnel for detection.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, when the pressure detection equipment is used to detect the supporting reaction force of the detection rod on the top of the tunnel, it can be compared with past data, so as to quickly discover the stress changes occurring at the top of the tunnel and provide timely warning.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above solution, the bottom end of the detection rod is symmetrically fixedly connected with vertical rods, and two groups of vertical rods are respectively fixedly installed on the top ends of both sides of the side plates to intermittently drive the detection rod to vertically move.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, the detection rod is intermittently moved vertically upward, and contact measurement is performed on the top of the tunnel, and detection data is obtained from the pressure detection equipment, so as to perform accurate detection and early warning in data aggregation and comparison.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention utilizes the connection between the guide rail and the equipment in a mobile mechanism to quickly scan and detect the inside of the tunnel. Under the action of the comprehensive monitoring mechanism, it can perform an all-round scan of the area in the tunnel while moving, and can summarize and compare the data with past scans, quickly discover stress change areas and mark and warn, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of equipment monitoring.

[0029] The present invention utilizes the connection between the detection mechanism and the moving mechanism to intermittently contact and measure the top of the tunnel, and uses the equipment to summarize the measured data, identify the area where the stress changes abnormally, and issue an alarm in time when the set threshold is reached. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at a in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at b in the middle;

[0035] Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at c in 3 of the present invention.

[0036] Description of main symbols:

[0037] 1. Guide rail; 2. Limit groove; 3. Rack; 4. Moving wheel; 5. Rotating shaft 1; 6. Positioning wheel; 7. Device housing; 8. Motor; 9. Belt pulley 1; 10. Belt; 11. Belt pulley 2; 12. Rotating shaft 2; 13. Gear 1; 14. Gear 2; 15. Lower gear; 16. Lower rotating tube; 17. Upper gear; 18. Upper rotating tube; 19. Positioning plate; 20. Rotating rod; 21. Side groove; 22. Sliding block; 23. Movable block; 24. Ring block; 25. Rotating block; 26. Outer sleeve block; 27. Side plate; 28. Vertical groove; 29. ​​Cam; 30. Frame; 31. Vertical rod; 32. Pressure detection device; 33. Detection rod; 34. Top block; 35. Cross bar; 36. Scanning probe; 37. Movable notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0039] Example 1: Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device of this embodiment includes a guide rail 1, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tunnel;

[0040] It also includes a device housing 7, which is installed on one side of the guide track 1;

[0041] A moving mechanism, which is installed between the guide rail 1 and the device housing 7 to drive the device to move;

[0042] A comprehensive monitoring mechanism, which is installed in the device housing 7 and connected to the mobile mechanism, performs scanning and monitoring in the lane;

[0043] The detection mechanism is installed on the top of the device housing 7 and can detect the top of the tunnel.

[0044] The side cross-section of the guide rail 1 is nearly R-shaped, a notch is provided on the outer wall of one side of the upper portion, and a limiting groove 2 is provided in the notch, and a rack 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide rail 1 .

[0045] The moving mechanism includes a motor 8 installed at the bottom end of the device housing 7, a belt pulley 9 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 8, a belt 10 is sleeved on the outer side of the belt pulley 9, a belt pulley 2 11 is sleeved on the other side of the belt 10, a rotating shaft 2 12 is installed in the middle of the belt pulley 2 11, a gear 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft 2 12, and the gear 13 is meshed with the rack 3.

[0046] The moving mechanism also includes a moving wheel 4, which is rollingly connected to the upper part of the guide rail 1, and a rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the moving wheel 4, and the other end of the rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the device shell 7, and a positioning wheel 6 is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 5, and the positioning wheel 6 is rotatably connected to the limiting groove 2.

[0047] The implementation principle of a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0048] Starting the motor 8 will drive the gear 13 to rotate under the transmission of the pulley 1 9, the belt 10 and the pulley 2 11, and support and move under the rolling of the moving wheel 4 and the guide rail 1 and the positioning of the positioning wheel 6 and the limit groove 2. The meshing connection between the gear 13 and the rack 3 will be able to stably drive the housing 7 to perform movement monitoring along the installation direction of the guide rail 1.

[0049] Example 2: Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 Figure 5 and Figure 6 Based on Example 1, this embodiment is further improved in that:

[0050] The comprehensive monitoring mechanism includes gear 2 14, which is installed at the other end of shaft 2 12, and shaft 2 12 is rotatably connected to the device housing 7. The upper and lower ends of gear 2 14 are respectively meshed with an upper gear 17 and a lower gear 15, and protrusions are provided near the upper gear 17 and the lower gear 15.

[0051] A cam 29 is fixedly connected to one side of the gear 2 14, and a frame 30 is slidably abutted against the outside of the cam 29. A sleeve block 26 is fixedly connected to one side of the frame 30. Side plates 27 are fixedly connected to both sides of the sleeve block 26. The side plates 27 are vertically slidably connected to the vertical grooves 28 provided on the inner wall of the device housing 7. A rotating block 25 is rotatably connected to the middle of the sleeve block 26, and a movable block 23 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating block 25. Ring blocks 24 are provided at the corresponding protrusions at the upper and lower ends of the movable block 23.

[0052] The bottom end of the lower gear 15 is fixedly connected to a lower rotating tube 16, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device housing 7. The top of the upper gear 17 is fixedly connected to an upper rotating tube 18, which is rotatably connected to a positioning plate 19. The positioning plate 19 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the device housing 7. A rotating rod 20 is movable inside the lower gear 15 and the upper gear 17. The bottom end of the rotating rod 20 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device housing 7. Side grooves 21 are symmetrically provided in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating rod 20. A slider 22 is vertically slidably connected in the side groove 21. The slider 22 is installed on the inner wall of the movable block 23 to drive the ring block 24 to intermittently abut against the protrusion, thereby driving the rotating rod 20 to change the rotation direction.

[0053] The top of the rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected to a top block 34, and the top of the top block 34 is rotatably connected to a cross bar 35. A movable slot 37 is provided on the outer wall of the device shell 7. The middle part of the cross bar 35 is rotatably connected to the movable slot 37. A telescopic inner rod is provided on the inner side of the cross bar 35. The telescopic inner rod is rotatably connected to the top block 34, and a scanning probe 36 is installed on the outer end of the cross bar 35.

[0054] The detection mechanism includes a pressure detection device 32 installed on the top of the device housing 7. A detection rod 33 is movable inside the pressure detection device 32. The top of the detection rod 33 can abut against the top of the tunnel for detection.

[0055] The bottom end of the detection rod 33 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a vertical rod 31 , and two groups of vertical rods 31 are respectively fixedly installed on the top ends of both sides of the side plate 27 to intermittently drive the detection rod 33 to vertically move.

[0056] The implementation principle of a tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0057] As the rotating shaft 12 rotates, the gear 14 is synchronously connected with the meshing connection of the lower gear 15 and the upper gear 17 to drive the two to rotate, and the frame 30 is pushed under the rotation of the cam 29 to drive the outer cover block 26 to perform vertical reciprocating intermittent displacement, so that the outer cover block 26 can move under the vertical sliding of the side plates 27 and the vertical groove 28 on both sides, and the outer cover block 26 will drive the movable block 23 to make the ring block 24 move to the protrusion on one side, and make the ring block 24 abut against the protrusion, and the movable block 23 rotates under the friction between the two, and the slider 22 is used to move the ring block 24 to the protrusion on one side. The rotating rod 20 is driven to rotate under the vertical sliding of the side groove 21, and then the movable block 23 is driven to slide to the other side with the rotation of the cam 29. Similarly, the rotating rod 20 is driven to rotate under the connection between the ring block 24 and the protrusion. Since the rotation directions of the lower gear 15 and the upper gear 17 are inconsistent, the rotation direction of the movable block 23 will be changed, and then the top block 34 at the top is driven to change the direction of the scanning probe 36 at the movable groove 37 under the connection between the cross bar 35 and the scanning probe 36, and perform a full-range scan in the lane, and summarize and compare the data;

[0058] When the cam 29 rotates and drives the frame 30 to change its displacement, the vertical rod 31 fixedly connected to the side plate 27 will drive the detection rod 33 at the top to perform contact detection on the top of the tunnel, and use the pressure detection equipment 32 to summarize the monitoring data results and issue timely warnings for abnormal areas.

[0059] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device, comprising: A guide rail, the guide rail is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lane, the side cross-section of the guide rail is nearly R-shaped, wherein a notch is provided on the outer wall of one side of the upper part of the guide rail, and a limiting groove is provided in the notch; It is characterized by further comprising: A device housing, the device housing being mounted on one side of the guide track; A moving mechanism, the moving mechanism is installed between the guide track and the device housing, the moving mechanism includes a motor installed at the bottom end of the device housing, a belt pulley 1 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, a belt is sleeved on the outer side of the belt pulley 1, a belt pulley 2 is sleeved on the other side of the belt, a rotating shaft 2 is installed in the middle of the belt pulley 2, a gear 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating shaft 2, the gear 1 is meshed with a rack, and the rack is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide track; A comprehensive monitoring mechanism, the comprehensive monitoring mechanism is installed in the device shell, the comprehensive monitoring mechanism includes gear 2, the gear 2 is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft 2, and the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the connection between the device shell, the upper and lower ends of the gear 2 are respectively meshed and connected with the upper gear and the lower gear, the upper gear and the lower gear are both provided with protrusions near the lower gear, the bottom end of the lower gear is fixedly connected with a lower rotating tube, the lower rotating tube is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device shell, the top end of the upper gear is fixedly connected with an upper rotating tube, the upper rotating tube is rotatably connected with a positioning plate, the positioning plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the device shell, a rotating rod is movable in the lower gear and the upper gear, the bottom end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the device shell, side grooves are symmetrically opened in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating rod, a slider is vertically slidably connected in the side groove, and the slider is installed on the movable The inner wall of the block is used to drive the ring block to intermittently abut against the protrusion, thereby driving the rotating rod to change the rotation direction. A cam is fixedly connected to one side of the gear second, and the cam is slidably abutted against a frame on the outside. A jacket block is fixedly connected to one side of the frame, and side plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the jacket block. The side plates are vertically slidably connected to the vertical grooves opened on the inner wall of the device shell. The middle of the jacket block is rotatably connected to the rotating block, and the inner side of the rotating block is fixedly connected to a movable block. Ring blocks are provided at corresponding protrusions at the upper and lower ends of the movable block. The top of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a top block, and the top of the top block is rotatably connected to a cross bar. The outer wall of the device shell is provided with a movable notch, and the middle of the cross bar is rotatably connected to the movable notch. A telescopic inner rod is provided on the inside of the cross bar, and the telescopic inner rod is rotatably connected to the top block, and a scanning probe is installed at the outer end of the cross bar; The detection mechanism is installed on the top of the device shell and can detect the top of the tunnel.

2. A tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism also includes a moving wheel, which is rollingly connected to the upper part of the guide track, and one side of the moving wheel is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 1, the other end of the rotating shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the device shell, and the middle part of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 1 is fixedly connected to a positioning wheel, and the positioning wheel is rotatably connected to the limiting groove.

3. A tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism comprises a pressure detection device installed on the top of the device housing, a detection rod is movable inside the pressure detection device, and the top of the detection rod can abut against the top of the laneway for detection.

4. A tunnel roof fall monitoring and early warning device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the detection rod is symmetrically fixedly connected with a vertical rod, and two groups of vertical rods are respectively fixedly installed on the top ends of both sides of the side plates to be used for intermittently driving the detection rod to vertically move.

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