Photovoltaic equipment and photovoltaic equipment abnormality detection method

Abstract

The application relates to a photovoltaic device and a photovoltaic device anomaly detection method, relates to the photovoltaic technical field, and comprises a back plate, a plurality of test cavities are formed in the back plate, a photovoltaic anomaly detection system is arranged in the test cavities of the back plate, the photovoltaic anomaly detection system comprises an infrared detection module, an analysis detection module and a first early warning module, the infrared detection module, the analysis detection module and the first early warning module are electrically connected, and a test sample plate is arranged between the emitter and the receiver of the infrared detection module in the test cavities of the back plate. The application can reduce the influence of water vapor penetration on the performance of the photovoltaic panel and can early warn the water vapor penetration into the back plate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic, in particular to a photovoltaic device and a photovoltaic device abnormality detection method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the transformation of global energy structure and the demand for sustainable development, solar energy as a clean and renewable energy is increasingly widely used. Photovoltaic panels, as the key components of solar energy conversion into electrical energy, their performance and service life directly affect the overall efficiency and economic benefits of the solar system. Photovoltaic panels are mainly composed of cell pieces, encapsulating materials (such as EVA adhesive film), tempered glass, backsheet and junction box, etc. Among them, the backsheet as the protective layer of the photovoltaic panel plays an important role in resisting potential damage to the cell pieces from environmental factors such as moisture, ultraviolet rays, temperature changes, etc.

[0003] Currently, the backsheet materials of photovoltaic panels on the market mainly include PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), TPT (polyester / polyvinyl fluoride / polyester), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), etc. These materials are combined with EVA adhesive film and cell pieces through a lamination process to form a sealed photovoltaic panel structure. The design of the backsheet aims to provide mechanical strength, weather resistance and water resistance to protect the cell pieces from the erosion of the external environment. However, although the backsheet material itself has good water resistance, in actual application, due to mechanical damage during installation and use, material aging, poor sealing, etc., water vapor penetrates into the interior of the photovoltaic panel.

[0004] In existing photovoltaic panels, the water vapor transmission rate of the backsheet of the photovoltaic panel is a key indicator of its water resistance. The penetration of water vapor not only reduces the mechanical strength and weather resistance of the backsheet, but also can cause corrosion of the cell pieces, degradation of the EVA adhesive film, and even lead to a decrease in electrical performance, thereby shortening the service life of the photovoltaic panel. In addition, factors such as temperature changes and ultraviolet radiation in outdoor environments can accelerate the aging of the backsheet material, further increasing the risk of water vapor penetration. Therefore, how to reduce the impact of water vapor penetration on the performance of the photovoltaic panel is a technical problem that needs to be solved in the current photovoltaic industry. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a photovoltaic device abnormality detection method that can reduce the impact of water vapor penetration on the performance of the photovoltaic panel and can provide early warning of water vapor penetration into the backsheet.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The application discloses a photovoltaic device, which comprises a back plate, a plurality of test cavities are formed in the back plate, a photovoltaic abnormality detection system is arranged in the test cavities, the photovoltaic abnormality detection system comprises an infrared detection module, an analysis detection module and a first early warning module, the infrared detection module, the analysis detection module and the first early warning module are electrically connected, a test sample plate is arranged between an emitter and a receiver of the infrared detection module in the test cavities, the infrared detection module is used for detecting the water vapor mass that penetrates through the test sample plate in a unit time, the analysis detection module is used for calculating and obtaining the water vapor penetration rate in the unit time according to the water vapor mass that penetrates through the test sample plate in the unit time, and the first early warning module is used for judging whether the water vapor penetration rate in the unit time exceeds a preset early warning value, and a first early warning signal is generated if the water vapor penetration rate exceeds the preset early warning value.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the infrared detection module obtains the water vapor mass that penetrates through the test sample plate in a unit time of the back plate in real time, the analysis detection module calculates the water vapor penetration rate of the back plate according to the water vapor mass, so that the waterproof performance of the back plate is evaluated, the first early warning module detects that the water vapor penetration rate exceeds the early warning value, and the first early warning signal is sent, the water vapor penetration into the back plate is early warned, and the user is prompted to check and maintain the back plate in time, so that the user can find and solve the water vapor penetration problem of the back plate in time, and the negative influence of water vapor on the performance of the photovoltaic panel can be reduced, and the photovoltaic abnormality detection system can stably operate.

[0009] The application further sets that the photovoltaic abnormality detection system further comprises:

[0010] The simulation prediction module is electrically connected with the analysis detection module, the simulation prediction module is used for obtaining the current water vapor penetration rate, calculating the average value of the water vapor penetration rate, training a prediction model for detecting the water vapor penetration rate anomaly according to the average value, and simulating the change trend of the water vapor penetration rate according to the prediction model.

[0011] The second early warning module is electrically connected with the simulation prediction module, and the second early warning module is used for judging whether the change trend of the water vapor penetration rate is abnormal, and a second early warning signal is generated if the change trend is abnormal.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the second early warning module can judge whether water vapor is about to penetrate into the back plate according to the prediction model generated by the simulation prediction module, so that the influence of water vapor penetration on the performance of the photovoltaic panel can be reduced, and the situation that water vapor may penetrate into the back plate can be early warned, so that the decrease of the battery efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is avoided as much as possible.

[0013] The application further provides that the photovoltaic anomaly detection system further comprises a system energy saving module, the system energy saving module is electrically connected with the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller for starting and stopping the infrared detection module, and the system energy saving module is used for generating a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to control the starting and stopping of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system under different humidity environments.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, the system energy saving module can selectively start or stop the infrared detection module according to different humidity environments, thereby helping to reduce the consumption of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system.

[0015] The application further provides that the photovoltaic anomaly detection system further comprises a system energy saving module, the system energy saving module is electrically connected with the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller for starting and stopping the infrared detection module, and the system energy saving module is used for generating a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to control the starting and stopping of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system under different humidity environments.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, the photovoltaic anomaly detection system can measure the water vapor permeability of the frame and the horizontal support rod which are prone to accumulate rainwater, and the water vapor permeability measured by the photovoltaic anomaly detection system is more representative.

[0017] In a second aspect, the application provides a photovoltaic device anomaly detection method, which is applied to any one of the photovoltaic devices and adopts the following technical scheme:

[0018] A photovoltaic device anomaly detection method comprises the following steps:

[0019] The infrared detection module detects the water vapor mass permeating through the test sample plate within a unit time;

[0020] The analysis detection module calculates the water vapor permeability within the unit time according to the water vapor mass permeating through the test sample plate within the unit time;

[0021] The first warning module determines whether each water vapor permeability exceeds a preset warning value, and generates a first warning signal if one of the water vapor permeabilities exceeds the warning value.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the infrared detection module detects the water vapor mass permeating through the test sample plate within a unit time in real time, the analysis detection module calculates the water vapor permeability, the water vapor permeation of the back plate is accurately detected, and the first warning signal is generated by the first warning module when the water vapor permeability obtained by calculation exceeds the preset value, so that the water vapor permeation into the back plate can be responded in time, the user is reminded to check the back plate, and the negative influence of water vapor permeation on the photovoltaic performance is avoided as much as possible.

[0023] The application can be further configured in a preferred example that, after the step of detecting the water vapor mass penetrating the test sample in a unit of time by the infrared detection module, the application further comprises:

[0024] The simulation prediction module obtains the current water vapor transmission rate of each test sample, calculates the average value of the water vapor transmission rate, trains a prediction model for detecting the abnormal water vapor transmission rate according to the average value, and simulates the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate according to the prediction model.

[0025] The second warning module generates a second warning signal when the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal.

[0026] By using the above technical solution, the simulation prediction module can predict the water vapor transmission rate in the future by using the prediction model. When the second warning module detects that the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal, a second warning signal is generated and sent out to remind the user to check the backboard, thereby increasing the prevention ability of potential water leakage problems in the future.

[0027] The application can be further configured in a preferred example that, before the step of detecting the water vapor mass penetrating the test sample in a unit of time by the infrared detection module, the application further comprises:

[0028] The system energy saving module generates a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to control the start and stop of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system under different humidity environments.

[0029] By using the above technical solution, the system energy saving module generates a corresponding driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller under different humidity environments, so as to take corresponding energy-saving measures to start and stop the photovoltaic anomaly detection system, thereby saving the power consumption of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system.

[0030] The application can be further configured in a preferred example that, the step of calculating the water vapor transmission rate in a unit of time by the analysis detection module according to the water vapor mass penetrating the test sample in a unit of time comprises:

[0031] The analysis detection module calculates the water vapor transmission rate of each test sample according to WVTR=W / (Axt), wherein WVTR is the water vapor transmission rate, W is the water vapor mass penetrating the test sample in a unit of time, A is the area of the test surface of the test sample, and t is a unit of time.

[0032] By adopting the technical scheme, the water vapor penetration problem of the photovoltaic panel backboard is accurately quantified, and the water vapor transmission rate of the test sample is calculated, which can represent the water vapor transmission rate of the entire backboard. The test sample is located inside the backboard, and there is a certain distance from the inner side of the backboard close to the EVA film. Therefore, the water vapor mass that penetrates the test sample will be greater than or equal to the water vapor mass of the inner side of the backboard close to the EVA film, which can more sensitively capture the water penetration risk of the current backboard.

[0033] In a preferred example, the system energy saving module generates a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to control the start and stop of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system under different humidity environments, including:

[0034] The system energy saving module acquires the humidity value of the backboard per unit time;

[0035] The system energy saving module determines whether the humidity value reaches a preset humidity threshold. If it reaches, it is determined that the current backboard is in a high-humidity environment, and a high-humidity processing signal is generated. If it does not reach, it is determined that the current backboard is in a low-humidity environment, and a low-humidity processing signal is generated.

[0036] By adopting the technical scheme, the system energy saving module can start and stop part of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in different ways under high humidity and low humidity, achieving the effect of saving energy while the photovoltaic anomaly detection system detects the water vapor transmission rate in real time.

[0037] In a preferred example, the system energy saving module determines whether the humidity value reaches a preset humidity threshold. If it reaches, it is determined that the current backboard is in a high-humidity environment, and a high-humidity processing signal is generated. If it does not reach, it is determined that the current backboard is in a low-humidity environment, and a low-humidity processing signal is generated.

[0038] If the system energy saving module determines that the current backboard is in a high-humidity environment, it sends a high-humidity processing signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to start the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in the test cavities of the backboard located at the top of the horizontal support rod and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod, and the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in the test cavities of the backboard located inside the frame.

[0039] If the system energy saving module determines that the current backboard is in a low-humidity environment, it sends a low-humidity processing signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to start the photovoltaic anomaly detection system of the backboard located at the top of the horizontal support rod and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod, and closes the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in the test cavities of the backboard located inside the frame.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solutions, since the risk of water seepage of the backboard will greatly increase under a high-humidity environment, the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in the test cavities distributed on the top of the horizontal support rods and in the test cavities in the inner side of the frame is started, and the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in the test cavities distributed on the top of the horizontal support rods and in the test cavities in the inner side of the frame is stopped under a low-humidity environment, so that the photovoltaic anomaly detection system can realize real-time detection of the water vapor transmission rate and also has an energy-saving effect.

[0041] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0042] The infrared detection module in the present application can detect and acquire the water vapor quality of the test sample plate of the backboard in real time, the analysis detection module calculates the water vapor transmission rate of the backboard according to the water vapor quality and the test area of the test sample plate, when the first early warning module detects that the water vapor transmission rate exceeds the first early warning value, a first early warning signal is generated and sent out, reminding the user to check and maintain the backboard in time, which helps the user to receive the risk of water seepage of the backboard in advance, to solve the water vapor penetration problem as soon as possible, and to reduce the potential damage of water vapor to the performance of the photovoltaic panel, and to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the photovoltaic equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photovoltaic device in the present application.

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a backboard in the present application.

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the test cavity in the present application.

[0046] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a photovoltaic device anomaly detection method structure in one embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 5 is a step flowchart added after step S1 in one embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 6 is a step flowchart added before step S1 in one embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 7 is a sub-step flowchart of step S2 in one embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Reference signs: 1, backboard; 10, test cavity; 11, test sample plate; 2, infrared detection module; 3, frame; 4, horizontal support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-7 The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Reference Figures 1 to 3 In the embodiment, a photovoltaic device includes a back plate 1, a plurality of test cavities 10 are formed in the back plate 1, and a photovoltaic abnormality detection system is fixedly connected in the test cavities 10.

[0053] The photovoltaic abnormality detection system includes an infrared detection module 2, an analysis detection module and a first early warning module, and the infrared detection module 2, the analysis detection module and the first early warning module are electrically connected to realize data transmission.

[0054] The back plate 1 is fixedly connected with a test sample plate 11 between the emitter and the receiver of the infrared detection module 2 in the test cavities 10, and preferably, the test surface of the test sample plate 11 is parallel to the outer side and the inner side of the back plate 1 in the test cavities 10 of the back plate 1.

[0055] The infrared detection module 2 is used to detect the water vapor mass penetrating through the test sample plate 11 in a unit time, the analysis detection module is used to calculate the water vapor transmission rate in a unit time according to the water vapor mass penetrating through the test sample plate 11 in a unit time, and the first early warning module is used to judge whether the water vapor transmission rate in a unit time exceeds a preset early warning value, and if so, a first early warning signal is generated. According to the formula WVTR=W / (Axt), the water vapor transmission rate of each test sample plate 11 is calculated, wherein WVTR is the water vapor transmission rate, W is the water vapor mass penetrating through the test sample plate 11 in a unit time, A is the area of the test surface of the test sample plate 11, and t is a unit time. In the embodiment, the analysis detection module calculates the water vapor transmission rate according to the water vapor mass detected by the infrared detection module 2, the unit time for which the infrared detection module 2 detects, and the test surface area of the test sample plate 11 which has been preset when the photovoltaic device is produced. And the early warning value is set to 2.0g / m2 / 24h.

[0056] If the first early warning module obtains the water vapor transmission rate calculated by the analysis detection module is greater than 2.0g / m2 / 24h, a first early warning signal is generated and sent out to remind the user to check the waterproof performance of the back plate 1, which helps the user to discover and solve the water vapor penetration problem of the back plate 1 in time, and thus can reduce the negative impact of water vapor on the performance of the photovoltaic panel, so as to improve the stability of the operation of the photovoltaic abnormality detection system.

[0057] Further, the photovoltaic anomaly detection system further comprises a simulation prediction module for obtaining a current water vapor transmission rate, and a second warning module for judging whether the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal, the simulation prediction module is electrically connected with the analysis and detection module, and the second warning module is electrically connected with the simulation prediction module.

[0058] The simulation prediction module obtains the average value of the water vapor transmission rate, trains a prediction model for detecting the abnormality of the water vapor transmission rate according to the average value, simulates the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate according to the prediction model, and the second warning module generates a second warning signal when the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal. Specifically, the simulation prediction module obtains the historical water vapor transmission rate of a plurality of unit time, and performs derivation on the water vapor transmission rate according to the time period of the plurality of unit time. A user can preset a safety threshold for judging whether the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate changes greatly in the second warning module, judge whether the value of the time derivation of the current water vapor transmission rate exceeds the safety threshold, and when the safety threshold is exceeded, the second warning module generates and sends a second warning signal to remind the user to check the waterproof performance of the back plate 1, and to avoid the decrease of the photovoltaic panel battery efficiency as much as possible.

[0059] Further, the photovoltaic anomaly detection system further comprises a system energy saving module, the system energy saving module is electrically connected with the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller, and the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller is used to start and stop the infrared detection module 2. The system energy saving module can generate a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller under different humidity environments, select to control the start and stop of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system, and avoid the consumption of the power of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system as much as possible.

[0060] Furthermore, the photovoltaic device further comprises a frame 3 and a support, the frame 3 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the back plate 1 and protrudes from the outer side of the back plate 1, the back plate 1 is located inside the frame 3 and surrounds a plurality of test cavities 10, the horizontal support rod 4 of the support is fixedly connected with the outer side of the back plate 1, the back plate 1 is located at the top of the horizontal support rod 4 and extends along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod 4, and a plurality of test cavities 10 are arranged in the back plate 1. The photovoltaic anomaly detection system is fixedly connected in the plurality of test cavities 10, and the plurality of photovoltaic anomaly detection systems can detect the water vapor transmission rate at different points of the back plate 1, especially the frame 3 and the top of the horizontal support rod 4 which are prone to accumulate rainwater. The detection of the parts of the back plate 1 prone to water seepage can make the measured water vapor transmission rate more representative, and when the water vapor transmission rate detected by the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in one of the test cavities 10 is abnormal, the specific position of the back plate 1 that may have a risk of water seepage can be accurately located, facilitating the user to repair.

[0061] Reference Figure 4 A photovoltaic device anomaly detection method applied to the above-mentioned photovoltaic device, specifically comprising:

[0062] S1, the infrared detection module 2 detects the water vapor mass that transmits through the test sample plate 11 in a unit time.

[0063] S2, the analysis detection module calculates the water vapor transmission rate in a unit time according to the water vapor mass that transmits through the test sample plate 11 in a unit time.

[0064] S3, the first early warning module judges whether each water vapor transmission rate exceeds a preset early warning value, and if one of the water vapor transmission rates exceeds the early warning value, a first early warning signal is generated.

[0065] Specifically, the early warning value is set to be a water vapor transmission rate of 2.0 g / m2 / 24h which meets the standard of CQC3308-2013 Photovoltaic Module Encapsulation Backboard Authentication Technical Specification issued by China Quality Certification Center.

[0066] In this embodiment, the infrared detection module 2 detects the water vapor mass that transmits through the test sample plate 11 in real time, and the analysis detection module calculates the water vapor transmission rate, so that the water vapor penetration of the backboard 1 is monitored, and the first early warning system can issue an alarm when the water vapor transmission rate exceeds the early warning value, so as to avoid the influence of water vapor penetration on the performance of the photovoltaic panel as much as possible, and to warn the risk that water vapor may penetrate into the backboard 1, so that the user can check the backboard 1 in time.

[0067] Reference Figure 5 Further, in one embodiment, steps S10 and S11 are added after step S1:

[0068] S10, the simulation prediction module obtains the current water vapor transmission rate, calculates the average value of the water vapor transmission rate, trains a prediction model for detecting abnormal water vapor transmission rate according to the average value, and simulates the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate according to the prediction model.

[0069] S11, the second early warning module generates a second early warning signal when it is judged that the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal.

[0070] In this embodiment, the simulation prediction module imports the average value of the current water vapor transmission rate into the prediction model, fits the historical average value of the water vapor transmission rate, and trains a prediction model about the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate. The second early warning module can read the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate in the prediction model, and generate and issue a second early warning signal when it is detected that the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal, so as to remind the user to check the backboard 1, and further enhance the ability to warn the risk that water vapor may penetrate into the backboard 1.

[0071] In addition, reference Figure 6Further, in one embodiment, before step S1, step S12 is added:

[0072] S12, the system energy saving module generates a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller under different humidity environments to control the start and stop of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system.

[0073] In this embodiment, the system energy saving module generates corresponding driving signals under different humidity environments, so as to take corresponding energy saving measures to start and stop the photovoltaic anomaly detection system on the outer side of the backboard 1 close to the frame 3 and the top of the horizontal support, so as to save the power consumption of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system.

[0074] In addition, with reference to Figure 7 Further, in one embodiment, step S2 is refined into the following substeps:

[0075] S20, the analysis and detection module calculates the water vapor transmission rate of each test panel 11 according to WVTR=W / (Axt), wherein WVTR is the water vapor transmission rate, W is the water vapor mass per unit time that passes through the test panel 11, A is the area of the test surface of the test panel 11, and t is the unit time.

[0076] Specifically, since water molecules have a specific absorption peak in the infrared spectrum, usually around a wavelength of 3 μm. Before obtaining W, the infrared detection module 2 is calibrated using a water vapor sample of known concentration to establish a relationship curve between absorbance or transmittance and water molecule concentration. After preparation, the emitter of the infrared detection module 2 emits a wavelength of 3 μm per unit time towards the test surface of the test panel 11, and after the receiver receives the infrared spectrum passing through the test panel 11, the calculation unit in the infrared detection module 2 records the received absorbance or transmittance, and according to the calibration curve, converts the recorded absorbance or transmittance during the test into the concentration of water molecules, and then converts the concentration of water molecules into the water vapor mass, i.e. W.

[0077] In this embodiment, by detecting the representative test panel 11 in the part of the backboard 1 where water seepage is prone to occur, the water vapor transmission rates of different parts of the backboard 1 are calculated, and the test panel 11 is located inside the backboard 1 and has a certain distance from the inner side of the backboard 1 close to the EVA film. The water vapor mass of the test panel 11 is greater than or equal to the water vapor mass of the inner side of the backboard 1 close to the EVA film, so that the current water seepage risk of the backboard 1 can be captured more sensitively, and the user is reminded to repair the backboard 1 in advance.

[0078] In addition, further, in one embodiment, step S12 is refined into the following substeps:

[0079] S120, the system energy saving module obtains the humidity value of the backboard 1 per unit time.

[0080] S121, the system energy saving module determines whether the humidity value reaches the preset humidity threshold value. If yes, it is determined that the current backboard 1 is in a high humidity environment, and a high humidity processing signal is generated. If not, it is determined that the current backboard 1 is in a low humidity environment, and a low humidity processing signal is generated.

[0081] In this embodiment, since the backboard 1 of the photovoltaic panel is more prone to water seepage in the case of a humid surrounding environment such as rain, the system energy saving module can start or stop part of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system in different ways under high humidity and low humidity, selectively call some photovoltaic anomaly detection systems to detect water vapor transmission rate, and achieve the effect of energy saving.

[0082] Furthermore, in one embodiment, step S121 is further refined into the following sub-steps:

[0083] S1210, the system energy saving module determines that the current backboard 1 is in a high humidity environment, and sends a high humidity processing signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to start the photovoltaic anomaly detection system located at the top of the horizontal support rod 4 and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod 4, and the photovoltaic anomaly detection system located in the test cavity 10 inside the frame 3.

[0084] S1211, the system energy saving module determines that the current backboard 1 is in a low humidity environment, and sends a low humidity processing signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to start the photovoltaic anomaly detection system located at the top of the horizontal support rod 4 and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod 4, and stop the photovoltaic anomaly detection system located in the test cavity 10 inside the frame 3.

[0085] In this embodiment, in the case of rain, or high humidity environment such as rain after the sun evaporates rainwater, since the water vapor concentration around the photovoltaic panel increases, the risk of water seepage of the backboard 1 will greatly increase, at this time, the photovoltaic anomaly detection system located in the test cavity 10 at the top of the horizontal support rod 4 and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod 4, and the photovoltaic anomaly detection system located in the test cavity 10 inside the frame 3 need to be started, and the water vapor transmission rate of the backboard 1 in multiple parts is detected as much as possible.

[0086] In a low humidity environment, the photovoltaic anomaly detection system located at the top of the horizontal support rod 4 and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod 4 is started, since the photovoltaic anomaly detection system surrounding the frame 3 can be distributed to the top, bottom and middle of the photovoltaic panel, so the representative water vapor transmission rate can be obtained. The photovoltaic anomaly detection system located in the test cavity 10 inside the frame 3 is stopped, which can realize real-time detection of water vapor transmission rate by the photovoltaic anomaly detection system, and also has the effect of energy saving.

[0087] It should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic device, comprising a backboard (1), wherein a plurality of test cavities (10) are provided inside the backboard (1), wherein the backboard (1) is located in the test cavity (10) and is provided with a photovoltaic anomaly detection system, wherein the photovoltaic anomaly detection system comprises an infrared detection module (2), an analysis detection module and a first warning module, wherein the infrared detection module (2), the analysis detection module and the first warning module are electrically connected, wherein the backboard (1) is located in the test cavity (10), and a test sample (11) is provided between a transmitter and a receiver of the infrared detection module (2), wherein the infrared detection module (2) is used to detect the mass of water vapor passing through the test sample (11) per unit time, wherein the analysis detection module is used to calculate and obtain a water vapor transmission rate per unit time based on the mass of water vapor passing through the test sample (11) per unit time, wherein the first warning module is used to judge whether the water vapor transmission rate per unit time exceeds a preset warning value, and if so, to generate a first warning signal.

2. A photovoltaic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic anomaly detection system further includes: Simulation prediction module: The simulation prediction module is electrically connected to the analysis and detection module. The simulation prediction module is used to obtain each current water vapor transmission rate, calculate the average water vapor transmission rate, train a prediction model for detecting water vapor transmission rate anomalies based on the average value, and simulate and obtain the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate based on the prediction model; Second warning module: The second warning module is electrically connected to the simulation prediction module. The second warning module is used to determine whether the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal. If so, a second warning signal is generated.

3. A photovoltaic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic anomaly detection system further comprises a system energy-saving module, the system energy-saving module being electrically connected to a photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller for starting and stopping the infrared detection module (2), and the system energy-saving module being used to generate a drive signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller under different humidity environments to control the start and stop of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system.

4. A photovoltaic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also includes a frame (3) and a bracket, wherein the frame (3) is arranged on the outer edge of the back plate (1) and protrudes from the outer side surface of the back plate (1), the back plate (1) is located on the inner side of the frame (3) and is surrounded by a plurality of test cavities (10), the horizontal support rod (4) of the bracket is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the back plate (1), the back plate (1) is located on the top of the horizontal support rod (4) and is provided with a plurality of test cavities (10) along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod (4), and the back plate (1) is provided with a photovoltaic anomaly detection system in the plurality of test cavities (10).

5. A photovoltaic device anomaly detection method, applied to any photovoltaic device according to claims 1 to 4, comprising: The infrared detection module (2) detects the mass of water vapor passing through the test sample (11) within a unit time; The analysis and detection module calculates and obtains the water vapor transmission rate per unit time based on the mass of water vapor that passes through the test sample (11) per unit time; The first warning module determines whether each of the water vapor transmission rates exceeds a preset warning value, and generates a first warning signal if one of the water vapor transmission rates exceeds the warning value.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that After the infrared detection module (2) detects the mass of water vapor passing through the test sample (11) within a unit time, the method further comprises: The simulation prediction module obtains each current water vapor transmission rate, calculates the average value of the water vapor transmission rate, trains a prediction model for detecting water vapor transmission rate anomalies based on the average value, and simulates and obtains the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate based on the prediction model; When the second warning module determines that the change trend of the water vapor transmission rate is abnormal, it generates a second warning signal.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Before the step of the infrared detection module (2) detecting the mass of water vapor passing through the test sample (11) within a unit time, the step further comprises: Under different humidity environments, the system energy-saving module generates a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to control the start and stop of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The analysis and detection module calculates and obtains the water vapor transmission rate per unit time based on the mass of water vapor passing through the test sample (11) per unit time, including: The analysis and detection module calculates and obtains the water vapor transmission rate of each test sample (11) according to WVTR=W / (A×t), wherein WVTR is the water vapor transmission rate, W is the mass of water vapor passing through the test sample (11) per unit time, A is the area of ​​the test surface of the test sample (11), and t is the unit time.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The system energy-saving module generates a driving signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller under different humidity environments to control the start and stop of the photovoltaic anomaly detection system, including: The system energy-saving module obtains the humidity value of the backboard (1) per unit time; The system energy-saving module determines whether the humidity value reaches a preset humidity threshold value. If so, it determines that the current backboard (1) is in a high humidity environment and generates a high humidity processing signal; if not, it determines that the current backboard (1) is in a low humidity environment and generates a low humidity processing signal.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that , the system energy-saving module determines whether the humidity value reaches a preset humidity threshold value, and if so, determines that the current backplane (1) is in a high humidity environment and generates a high humidity processing signal; If the condition is not reached, the step of judging that the current backplane (1) is in a low humidity environment and generating a low humidity processing signal comprises: When the system energy-saving module determines that the current backplane (1) is in a high-humidity environment, it sends a high-humidity processing signal to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to activate the photovoltaic anomaly detection system of the backplane (1) located on the top of the horizontal support rod (4) and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod (4), and the photovoltaic anomaly detection system of the backplane (1) located in a plurality of test cavities (10) opened around the inner side of the frame (3); When the system energy-saving module determines that the current backboard (1) is in a low-humidity environment, a low-humidity processing signal is sent to the photovoltaic anomaly detection system controller to turn on the photovoltaic anomaly detection system of the backboard (1) located on the top of the horizontal support rod (4) and distributed along the extension direction of the horizontal support rod (4), and to turn off the photovoltaic anomaly detection system of the backboard (1) located in a plurality of test cavities (10) opened around the inner side of the frame (3).

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