Crop straw chopper

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more particularly to a crop straw chopping machine. It includes a housing with an inlet and an outlet on each side. A drum-type chopper, driven by a power unit, is rotatably connected to the center of the housing. A pad is located under the inlet near the drum-type chopper. Each side of the drum-type chopper has a cutting blade assembly, each assembly consisting of multiple blades symmetrically distributed about the axis of the drum-type chopper. The blades in these two assemblies are spaced apart, and the cutting edges of the blades form a 5° angle with the axis of the drum-type chopper. Multiple crushing blades are also provided between adjacent blades in each cutting blade assembly, with the cutting edges of the crushing blades perpendicular to the axis of the drum-type chopper. This invention provides good chopping performance and reduces power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a crop straw chopping machine. Background Technology

[0002] my country is a major agricultural country, producing a large amount of straw every year. Due to the ban on burning and the demand from the livestock industry, using straw as animal feed is a very important way to process it. Crop straw needs to be chopped to become palatable feed that is easy for livestock to digest and absorb. Existing crop straw chopping machines generally use disc chopping, which has low efficiency. Some chopping machines use drum chopping, but the blade arrangement of drum chopping machines is currently varied, including oblique cuts and straight cuts, and the chopping effect is not ideal. This application provides a crop straw chopping machine with higher efficiency and better chopping effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a crop straw chopping machine to address the above-mentioned technical deficiencies.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a crop straw chopping machine, including a housing, with an inlet and an outlet respectively provided on both sides of the housing, and a drum-type chopping cutter driven by a power device rotatably connected to the middle of the housing. A pad is provided on the lower side of the inlet near the drum-type chopping cutter. A cutting blade group is provided on each of the left and right sides of the drum-type chopping cutter. Each cutting blade group consists of multiple cutting blades symmetrically distributed about the axis of the drum-type chopping cutter. The cutting blades on the two cutting blade groups are spaced apart from each other. The cutting edge of the cutting blade forms a 5° angle with the axis of the drum-type chopping cutter. Multiple crushing blades are also provided between adjacent cutting blades on each cutting blade group. The cutting edge of the crushing blade is perpendicular to the axis of the drum-type chopping cutter.

[0005] To further optimize this technical solution, the cutting edge of the cutter near the end of the drum-type guillotine is located in front of the cutting edge of the cutter away from the end of the drum-type guillotine in the direction of rotation.

[0006] To further optimize this technical solution, the cutter is detachably connected to the drum-type guillotine.

[0007] To further optimize this technical solution, the crushing blade and the drum-type chaff cutter are detachably connected.

[0008] To further optimize this technical solution, a grinding mouth is provided on the top of the housing, and a grinding mechanism is located above the grinding mouth. The grinding mechanism includes a frame, and a guide rail is provided on one side inside the frame. The extension direction of the guide rail is parallel to the axis of the roller-type chaff cutter. A sleeve is provided on one side of the movable seat and is fitted outside the guide rail. The movable seat is driven by a reciprocating moving device so that it can move back and forth along the guide rail. An internally threaded cylinder is also provided on the movable seat, and an externally threaded part is provided at the lower part of the grinding column. The grinding column is threadedly connected to the internally threaded cylinder. Multiple tooth grooves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the upper part of the grinding column. A pusher plate is provided on one side inside the frame that can interact with the tooth grooves to rotate the grinding column and move it downward. The mechanism also includes a cover plate that can close and open the grinding mouth.

[0009] To further optimize this technical solution, the reciprocating moving device includes a grinding motor mounted on one side of the frame, a sprocket mounted on the shaft of the grinding motor, a sprocket rotatably connected to the other side of the frame, two ends of a chain connected to the two sides of the moving seat respectively, the chain passing around the outside of the two sprockets and meshing with them, proximity sensors mounted on both sides of the frame, and trigger bars for triggering the proximity sensors mounted on both sides of the moving seat.

[0010] To further optimize this technical solution, a roller is provided on the side of the movable seat away from the guide rail. The guide rail is cylindrical. A support bar for supporting the roller is provided on the side of the frame away from the guide rail. The extension direction of the support bar is parallel to the extension direction of the guide rail.

[0011] To further optimize this technical solution, a regular hexagonal prism is provided on the top of the grinding column.

[0012] To further optimize this technical solution, the movable seat is also equipped with an anti-retraction plate that interacts with the tooth groove to prevent the grinding column from rising.

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. A cutting blade group is provided on each of the left and right sides of the drum-type guillotine. Each cutting blade group consists of multiple cutting blades symmetrically distributed about the axis of the drum-type guillotine. The cutting blades on the two cutting blade groups are spaced apart from each other. The cutting edge of the cutting blade forms a 5° angle with the axis of the drum-type guillotine, resulting in good guillotine effect and reduced power consumption; 2. A sharpening mechanism is provided to sharpen the cutting blades and keep them sharp. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a crop straw chopping machine.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of point I in the middle.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crop straw chopping machine from another direction.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a drum-type guillotine cutter.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Pad; 13. Discharge outlet; 14. Grinding blade; 2. Drum-type chaff cutter; 21. Cutter; 22. Crusher; 3. Grinding mechanism; 31. Frame; 32. Guide rail; 33. Chain; 34. Moving seat; 341. Internal threaded cylinder; 342. Trigger bar; 343. Anti-reverse plate; 344. Roller; 35. Proximity sensor; 36. Grinding column; 37. Grinding motor; 38. Push plate; 39. Support bar; 4. Cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Combination Figure 1 and 4 As shown ( Figure 1 and Figure 3 The feed inlet 11 has been cut open. The crop straw chopping machine includes a housing 1, with a feed inlet 11 and a discharge outlet 13 on each side. For easy feeding, a chain conveyor is installed outside the feed inlet 11. Figure 1 and Figure 3(Not shown in the image, cut off) A drum-type chaff cutter 2 driven by a power unit is rotatably connected to the middle of the housing 1. A pad 12 is provided on the lower side of the feed inlet 11 near the drum-type chaff cutter 2. A cutting blade group is provided on each of the left and right sides of the drum-type chaff cutter 2. Each cutting blade group consists of multiple cutting blades 21 symmetrically distributed about the axis of the drum-type chaff cutter 2. The cutting blades 21 on the two cutting blade groups are spaced apart from each other, that is, multiple cutting blades on one cutting blade group are located between two adjacent cutting blades on the other cutting blade group. Thus, the cutting blades on the two cutting blade groups will not cut the straw at the same time, reducing the instantaneous cutting force and making the drum-type chaff cutter 2 run more smoothly. The cutting edge of the cutting blade 21 forms a 5° angle with the axis of the drum-type chaff cutter 2, resulting in good cutting effect and reduced power consumption. Each cutting blade assembly is further provided with multiple crushing blades 22 between adjacent cutting blades 21, the cutting edges of which are perpendicular to the axis of the drum-type chopper 2. The crushing blades 22 are capable of cutting straw that is inclined or parallel to the axis of the drum-type chopper 2.

[0022] Specifically, the power unit is an electric motor, which is connected to the drum-type chaff cutter 2 via a transmission.

[0023] Preferably, each cutting blade group contains 6 cutting blades, which provides a better cutting effect.

[0024] Furthermore, the cutting edge of the cutter 21 near the end of the drum-type cutter 2 is located in front of the cutting edge of the cutter 21 away from the end of the drum-type cutter 2 in the direction of rotation. During cutting, the straw will not be pushed by the cutter 21 towards both ends of the drum-type cutter 2, but will be pushed inward, so that it is not easy to be on the outside of both ends of the drum-type cutter 2 and thus the cutting will not be incomplete.

[0025] Preferably, the cutter 21 is detachably connected to the drum-type guillotine 2.

[0026] Preferably, the crushing blade 22 is detachably connected to the drum-type chaff cutter 2.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] This embodiment adds a sharpening mechanism 3 to embodiment 1, thereby enabling the sharpening of the cutting edge of the cutter 21. Combined with... Figure 1-4As shown, a grinding edge 14 is provided on the top of the housing 1, and the grinding edge 14 is located directly above the axis of the drum-type cutter 2. A grinding mechanism 3 is located above the grinding edge 14. The grinding mechanism 3 includes a frame 31, and a guide rail 32 is provided on one side inside the frame 31. The extension direction of the guide rail 32 is parallel to the axis of the drum-type cutter 2. A sleeve is provided on one side of the movable seat 34, and the sleeve is fitted outside the guide rail 32. The movable seat 34 is driven by a reciprocating moving device so that it can reciprocate along the guide rail 32. The movable base 34 is also equipped with an internally threaded cylinder 341, and the lower part of the grinding column 36 is provided with an externally threaded part. The grinding column 36 is threadedly connected to the internally threaded cylinder 341. The bottom surface of the grinding column 36 is made of a relatively hard material, which can be used to sharpen the cutter 21. Multiple tooth grooves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the upper part of the grinding column 36. A pusher plate 38 is provided on one side inside the frame 31, which can interact with the tooth grooves to rotate the grinding column 36 and thus move the grinding column 36 downward. It also includes a cover plate 4 that can close and open the grinding port 14. The cover plate 4 is preferably slidably connected to the grinding port 14 and can be pulled out from one side of the housing 1. When chopping straw, the cover plate 4 completely covers the grinding port 14 to prevent straw fragments from flying out of the grinding port 14. When sharpening the blade, do not add straw into the housing 1. At this time, pull the cover plate 4 out from one side of the housing 1. The sharpening column 36 is located directly above the axis of the drum-type cutter 2. Then, you can manually rotate the sharpening column so that its bottom surface contacts the cutter 21 located directly above the axis of the drum-type cutter 2 (this step can also be omitted). Then, start the reciprocating moving device and the power device so that the moving seat 34 moves back and forth along the guide rail 32. The drum-type cutter 2 rotates. When the blade moving seat 34 reaches the push plate 38, the sharpening column 36 will rotate an angle corresponding to a tooth groove and thus descend a small distance (preferably 0.05 mm, which minimizes wear on the cutter 21 and has a good grinding effect). At the same time, the moving seat 34 will move back. When the bottom surface of the sharpening column 36 contacts the cutter 21, it will grind the cutter 21. After the moving seat 34 moves back and forth several times, the sharpening is completed. You can manually rotate the sharpening column 36 to raise it. Then, you can insert the cover plate 4 back into its original position.

[0029] Specifically, the reciprocating moving device includes a sharpening motor 37 mounted on one side of the frame 31. A sprocket is mounted on the shaft of the sharpening motor 37. A sprocket is rotatably connected to the other side of the frame 31. Both ends of a chain 33 are connected to the two sides of a movable seat 34, respectively. The chain 33 passes around and meshes with the two sprockets. Rotation of the sharpening motor 37 drives the movable seat 34 to move. Proximity sensors 35 are also mounted on both sides of the frame 31, and trigger bars 342 for triggering the proximity sensors 35 are mounted on both sides of the movable seat 34. For ease of control, a controller can be provided, and the proximity sensors 35 and the sharpening motor 37 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0030] When the drum-type guillotine 2 rotates and the moving seat 34 reciprocates, after the grinding column 36 descends by A millimeters just after contacting the pushing plate 38, the cutter 21 often cannot be ground down by A millimeters in one contact with the descending grinding column 36 (but requires multiple contacts to grind down A millimeters), or when the descending distance of the grinding column 36 is greater than the thickness of the cutter 21 that is ground down within a certain period of time, the grinding column 36 is subjected to a large upward force. In order to prevent the moving seat 34 from deforming, the following technical solution is adopted: a roller 344 is provided on the side of the moving seat 34 away from the guide rail 32. The guide rail 32 is cylindrical. In this case, the moving seat 34 can rotate around the guide rail 32. A support bar 39 is provided inside the frame 31 on the side away from the guide rail 32 to support the roller 344. The extension direction of the support bar 39 is parallel to the extension direction of the guide rail 32. Figure 1 As shown, in this configuration, the guide rail 32 is located inside the frame 31 on the side away from the feed inlet 11. When the upward force on the grinding column 36 is large, the movable seat 34 can rotate upward, thereby reducing the force on the grinding column 36. With this structure, after grinding, there is no need to manually rotate the grinding column 36 to raise it. The side of the movable seat 34 equipped with the roller 344 can be lifted slightly, and then the cover plate 4 can be inserted back into its original position. The next time you grind, there is no need to manually rotate the grinding column 36 to lower it first, which is more convenient.

[0031] Furthermore, the top of the sharpening post 36 is provided with a regular hexagonal prism, which makes it convenient to manually rotate the sharpening post 36 with a tool.

[0032] Furthermore, the movable seat 34 is also provided with an anti-retraction plate 343 for interacting with the tooth groove to prevent the grinding column 36 from rising.

Claims

1. A crop straw chopping machine, comprising a housing (1), wherein a feed inlet (11) and a discharge outlet (13) are respectively provided on both sides of the housing (1), and a drum-type chopping cutter (2) driven by a power device is rotatably connected to the middle of the housing (1), and a pad (12) is provided on the lower side of the feed inlet (11) near the drum-type chopping cutter (2), characterized in that: On each of the left and right sides of the drum-type guillotine (2), there is a cutting blade group. Each cutting blade group consists of multiple cutting blades (21) symmetrically distributed about the axis of the drum-type guillotine (2). The cutting blades (21) on the two cutting blade groups are spaced apart from each other. The cutting edge of the cutting blade (21) forms a 5° angle with the axis of the drum-type guillotine (2). Multiple crushing blades (22) are also arranged between adjacent cutting blades (21) on each cutting blade group. The cutting edge of the crushing blade (22) is perpendicular to the axis of the drum-type guillotine (2). A grinding mouth (14) is provided on the top of the housing (1), and a grinding mechanism (3) is provided on the grinding mouth. Above the opening (14), the grinding mechanism (3) includes a frame (31), and a guide rail (32) is provided on one side inside the frame (31). The extension direction of the guide rail (32) is parallel to the axis of the drum-type cutter (2). A sleeve is provided on one side of the moving seat (34) and the sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the guide rail (32). The moving seat (34) is driven by a reciprocating moving device so that it can move back and forth along the guide rail (32). An internal threaded cylinder (341) is also provided on the moving seat (34). An external threaded part is provided at the lower part of the grinding column (36). The grinding column (36) is threadedly connected to the internal threaded cylinder (341). The upper outer circumferential surface of the grinding column (36) is provided with multiple toothed grooves. One side of the frame (31) is provided with a pusher plate (38) that can interact with the toothed grooves to rotate the grinding column (36) and thus move the grinding column (36) downward. It also includes a cover plate (4) that can close and open the grinding mouth (14). The reciprocating moving device includes a grinding motor (37) provided on one side of the frame (31). A sprocket is provided on the rotating shaft of the grinding motor (37). A sprocket is rotatably connected to the other side of the frame (31). The two ends of the chain (33) are respectively connected to the two sides of the moving seat (34). The bar (33) passes around the outside of the two sprockets and meshes with them. Both sides of the frame (31) are provided with proximity sensors (35). Both sides of the movable seat (34) are provided with trigger bars (342) for triggering the proximity sensors (35). The movable seat (34) is provided with a roller (344) on the side away from the guide rail (32). The guide rail (32) is cylindrical. The inside of the frame (31) is provided with a support bar (39) for supporting the roller (344) on the side away from the guide rail (32). The extension direction of the support bar (39) is parallel to the extension direction of the guide rail (32).

2. The crop straw chopping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge of the cutter (21) near the end of the drum cutter (2) is located in front of the cutting edge of the cutter (21) away from the end of the drum cutter (2) in the direction of rotation.

3. The crop straw chopping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter (21) is detachably connected to the drum-type guillotine (2).

4. The crop straw chopping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing blade (22) is detachably connected to the drum-type chaff cutter (2).

5. The crop straw chopping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the grinding column (36) is provided with a regular hexagonal prism.

6. The crop straw chopping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable seat (34) is also provided with an anti-reverse plate (343) for interacting with the tooth groove to prevent the grinding column (36) from rising.

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