A method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode with a fixture

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode (MEA) with a fixture, comprising the following steps: obtaining MEA material parameters based on the MEA preparation process; inserting a pressure-measuring membrane between the MEA and the fixture to obtain contact characteristic parameters on the pressure-measuring membrane; constructing a one-dimensional fuel cell model based on a flow channel model, an impedance model, an oxygen trans-ridge permeation model, and a voltage model; inputting the MEA material parameters and contact characteristic parameters into the one-dimensional fuel cell model to obtain the actual maximum output power; and comparing the actual maximum output power with the theoretical maximum output power. When the obtained performance difference meets a preset threshold, the MEA and fixture are successfully matched. Through experiments on the one-dimensional fuel cell model and fixture contact characteristics, the present invention rapidly calculates the performance of the MEA under different fixtures and the performance of the MEA under an ideal fixture, allowing for rapid screening of suitable fixtures for the MEA, thereby reducing testing costs and time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell matching methods and model prediction methods, and in particular relates to a method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture. Background Art

[0002] Under the development trend of low platinum loading fuel cells, the output performance of the membrane electrode is not only affected by the material properties of the membrane electrode itself, but also to a great extent by the contact characteristics of the fixture. After preparation, the membrane electrode is generally activated and performance tested by a fixture to evaluate the output performance of the membrane electrode. However, due to the influence of the material and processing of the fixture, the contact characteristics of the same membrane electrode on different fixtures vary, and thus performance differences occur, which greatly reduces the actual output performance of the membrane electrode. First, since the theoretical maximum output performance of the membrane electrode and the fixture is unknown, how to choose a suitable fixture to achieve higher output performance of the membrane electrode is the first major problem; secondly, the high time cost and gas consumption cost of activating and performing performance tests on the membrane electrode and each fixture separately is the second major problem.

[0003] CN219978441U discloses a fuel cell membrane electrode testing device, including a base, a clamping cover, an anode assembly, a cathode assembly, a collection module and a locking piece. The membrane electrode is installed between the anode assembly and the cathode assembly, and the clamping cover is installed above the base by rotating the locking piece to a position that matches the clamping cover. The membrane electrode is compressed by the base and the clamping cover, and the collection module is responsible for collecting the output performance of the membrane electrode. By integrating the anode assembly or the cathode assembly with the clamping cover, the working efficiency of the membrane electrode device is improved. This membrane electrode test fixture device improves the working efficiency of frequent membrane electrode sample replacement, but the anode assembly and cathode assembly in the fixture are fixed and cannot be replaced. For low-load membrane electrodes, their performance is also affected by the contact characteristics of the anode assembly and the cathode assembly in the fixture, ignoring the problem of matching the membrane electrode and the fixture. The theoretical maximum output performance of the membrane electrode and the fixture is unknown, and the problem of selecting a suitable fixture to achieve higher output performance of the membrane electrode cannot be solved.

[0004] CN115365779A discloses a fuel cell assembly method, assembly device, and assembly equipment. The main steps include: constructing a digital twin model of the assembly based on the associated assembly parameters of the fuel cell components; obtaining the optimal assembly parameters under different component dimensional errors through model simulation experiments, and establishing a mapping relationship between component dimensional errors and optimal assembly parameters; obtaining the component dimensional errors of the target fuel cell and determining the optimal assembly parameters using the mapping relationship; and controlling the assembly platform to assemble the target fuel cell based on the optimal assembly parameters of the target fuel cell. Although this method can obtain the optimal assembly parameters of the fixture during fuel cell assembly through the digital twin model of the assembly, it only achieves optimal performance by changing different assembly parameters for the same fixture, ignoring the battery performance loss caused by excessive machining errors of the fixture itself. In actual situations, it is necessary to first select a suitable fixture by testing the output performance of the membrane electrode in different fixtures, and then optimize the assembly parameters for the fixture to achieve maximum output performance of the membrane electrode.

[0005] In summary, existing fuel cell testing equipment generally fails to consider the matching of membrane electrodes and fixtures. The contact characteristics of different fixtures significantly affect the output performance of the membrane electrode, and the time and gas costs of selecting the right fixture are enormous. Therefore, it is urgent to design a method to quickly match fuel cell membrane electrodes and fixtures, matching the most suitable fixture to membrane electrodes with different material parameters, and ensuring that the output performance of the fuel cell is within an acceptable range. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for quickly matching the membrane electrode of a fuel cell with a fixture. The pressure distribution on the contact surface of the membrane electrode and the fixture is obtained through a fuel cell contact characteristic experiment. The two contact characteristic indicators of average contact pressure and contact area ratio are further extracted, and the material characteristic indicators of the membrane electrode are also extracted. A one-dimensional model of the fuel cell is established, and the contact characteristic indicators and material characteristic indicators are used as model input conditions to quickly predict the performance of the fuel cell under the current membrane electrode and fixture matching. At the same time, the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell calculates the theoretical maximum performance of the membrane electrode. If the difference between the fuel cell performance and the theoretical maximum performance under the current membrane electrode and fixture matching is less than 5%, it is considered that the membrane electrode and fixture match meets the requirements; otherwise, it is considered that the membrane electrode and fixture do not match and the fixture needs to be replaced. This solves the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Based on the membrane electrode preparation process, the membrane electrode material parameters are obtained;

[0009] A pressure measuring membrane is added between the membrane electrode and the fixture to obtain contact characteristic parameters on the pressure measuring membrane;

[0010] A one-dimensional fuel cell model was constructed based on the flow channel model, impedance model, oxygen trans-ridge permeation model, and voltage model.

[0011] Inputting the membrane electrode material parameters and contact characteristic parameters into the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell to obtain the actual maximum output power;

[0012] The actual maximum output power is compared with the theoretical maximum output power, and when the obtained performance difference meets a preset threshold, the membrane electrode is successfully matched with the fixture;

[0013] When the obtained performance difference does not meet the preset threshold, the fixture is replaced and the operation is repeated until the obtained performance difference meets the preset threshold.

[0014] Optionally, the process of obtaining the contact characteristic parameters includes: adding a pressure measuring membrane between the membrane electrode and the clamp, adjusting all bolt torques to a preset torque, assembling the membrane electrode and the clamp and maintaining them for 3 minutes, then adjusting all bolt torques to 0, removing the pressure measuring membrane, reading and calculating the contact characteristic parameters on the pressure measuring membrane; the contact characteristic parameters include average contact pressure and contact area ratio.

[0015] Optionally, the operation process of the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell includes: the flow channel model takes the operating conditions as input and the oxygen partial pressure and humidity as output; the impedance model takes the humidity, membrane electrode material parameters and contact characteristic parameters as input and the ohmic impedance as output; the oxygen trans-ridge permeation model takes the oxygen partial pressure, membrane electrode material parameters and contact characteristic parameters as input and the limiting current density as output; the voltage model takes the limiting current density and ohmic impedance as input and the voltage and power as output.

[0016] Optionally, the process of obtaining the actual maximum output power and the theoretical maximum output power includes: inputting the membrane electrode material parameters and the contact characteristic parameters of the fixture into the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell, obtaining the current-power curve of the membrane electrode under the corresponding fixture, and obtaining the actual maximum output power based on the current-power curve; at the same time, obtaining the theoretical maximum output power when the contact characteristic parameters are optimal based on the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell.

[0017] Optionally, the oxygen partial pressure output by the flow channel model is obtained using the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] in, m v，ca and Represents the internal mass of cathode oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen; W v，ca，in and represents the inlet flow rates of cathode oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen; W v，ca，out and Represents the outlet flow rate of cathode oxygen, water vapor and nitrogen; Represents the oxygen reaction consumption flow rate; W v，gen represents water generation flow; p j，ca represents the internal pressure of substance j; V ca represents the volume of the cathode flow channel; T is the temperature; R g，j is the gas constant of substance j.

[0020] Optionally, the formula for obtaining the humidity output by the flow channel model is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, p v，ca represents the internal pressure of cathode water vapor; p sat represents the saturated vapor pressure of water at temperature T; m w，ca，max Represents the maximum water vapor mass that the cathode can accommodate; m v，ca Represents the actual mass of cathode water vapor; m l，ca is the cathode liquid water flow rate; RH ca is the cathode humidity; s is the volume fraction of liquid water; is the gas constant of H2O; is the density of H2O.

[0023] Optionally, the process of obtaining the ohmic impedance output by the impedance model includes: obtaining the membrane impedance based on the cathode relative humidity and the anode relative humidity; obtaining the contact resistance between the flow field plate and the diffusion layer and the contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the catalytic layer based on the contact characteristic parameters of the fixture and the membrane electrode material parameters; obtaining the diffusion layer impedance, and summing the diffusion layer impedance, the membrane impedance, the contact resistance between the flow field plate and the diffusion layer, and the contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the catalytic layer to obtain the ohmic impedance.

[0024] Optionally, the process of obtaining the limiting current density output by the oxygen cross-ridge permeation model includes: obtaining the oxygen concentration based on the functional relationship between the ratio of the actual specific surface area of platinum to the ideal specific surface area and the contact area ratio; obtaining the Faraday constant, the effective diffusion coefficient and the effective thickness of the diffusion layer, and obtaining the limiting current density based on the functional relationship between the Faraday constant, the effective diffusion coefficient, the effective thickness of the diffusion layer and the oxygen concentration.

[0025] Optionally, the process of obtaining the voltage output by the voltage model includes: obtaining the Nernst voltage, the activation overpotential, the ohmic overpotential, and the concentration difference overpotential, and continuously subtracting the activation overpotential, the ohmic overpotential, and the concentration difference overpotential from the Nernst voltage to obtain the output voltage;

[0026] The process of obtaining the power output by the voltage model includes: obtaining the current density, multiplying the output voltage by the current density, and obtaining the output power.

[0027] Optionally, the membrane electrode material parameters include platinum loading, platinum to carbon mass ratio, and ionomer to carbon mass ratio.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0029] The method for quickly matching membrane electrodes and fixtures designed in the present invention uses a one-dimensional fuel cell model and fixture contact characteristic experiments to quickly calculate the performance of membrane electrodes under different fixtures and the performance of membrane electrodes under ideal fixtures, quickly screen suitable fixtures for membrane electrodes, and achieve rapid matching of membrane electrodes and fixtures, thereby reducing testing costs and time costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of this application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this application are intended to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 A flowchart of a quick matching process between a membrane electrode and a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an IP curve of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a one-dimensional model structure of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the membrane electrode and fixture structure for testing the contact characteristics of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 A detailed diagram of the membrane electrode and fixture structure for testing the contact characteristics of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] 1- cathode end plate, 2- anode end plate, 3- cathode insulating plate, 4- anode insulating plate, 5- cathode current collecting plate, 6- anode current collecting plate, 7- cathode flow field plate, 8- anode flow field plate, 9- membrane electrode, 10- pressure test membrane, 11- fastening bolt 1, 12- fastening bolt 2, 13- fastening nut 1, 14- fastening nut 2, 15- effective contact area on the pressure test membrane, 16- uncontact area on the pressure test membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0038] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Due to differences in fixture processing, fuel cell membrane electrodes usually exhibit different performance on different fixtures. To ensure that the fuel cell membrane electrodes can achieve the target performance, the fixtures need to be screened. Each time the membrane electrode and fixture are assembled, activation and polarization tests are required to obtain performance. The time cost of screening fixtures is high, so there is an urgent need to develop a method for quickly matching fuel cell membrane electrodes and fixtures.

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture. The quick matching process of the membrane electrode and the fixture is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0042] Step 1: Obtain material parameters according to the membrane electrode preparation process, including platinum loading m Pt , platinum to carbon mass ratio Pt / C , ionomer to carbon mass ratio I / C etc.; Step 2: Add a pressure measuring membrane between the membrane electrode and the fixture, adjust all bolt torques to T, assemble the membrane electrode and the fixture and keep them for 3 minutes; Step 3: Adjust all bolt torques to 0, remove the pressure measuring membrane, read and calculate the contact characteristic parameters on the pressure measuring membrane, including the average contact pressure P con , contact area ratio α; Step 4: Bring the membrane electrode material parameters and the contact characteristic parameters of the fixture into the fuel cell one-dimensional model to obtain the current-power curve (IP curve) of the membrane electrode under the fixture, and obtain the actual maximum output power W1. At the same time, the fuel cell one-dimensional model calculates the theoretical maximum output power W2 when the contact characteristic parameters are optimal; Step 5: Compare the actual maximum output power W1 and the theoretical maximum output power W2, as shown Figure 2 When the performance difference is less than 5%, the fixture and the MEA are properly matched. The IP curve is output as the MEA output performance. When the performance difference is greater than 5%, the fixture cannot fully utilize the MEA performance and the MEA and fixture are not compatible. Replace the fixture and repeat steps 2 to 5 until the performance difference is less than 5%.

[0043] Construct a one-dimensional model of the fuel cell, as follows Figure 3As shown, the model includes a flow channel model S1, an impedance model S2, an oxygen trans-ridge permeation model S3, and a voltage model S4. Flow channel model S1 takes operating conditions as input and outputs oxygen partial pressure and humidity. Impedance model S2 takes humidity, membrane electrode material parameters, and contact characteristic parameters as input and outputs ohmic impedance. Oxygen trans-ridge permeation model S3 takes oxygen partial pressure, membrane electrode material parameters, and contact characteristic parameters as input and outputs limiting current density. Voltage model S4 takes limiting current density and ohmic impedance as input and outputs voltage and power. The model establishes a correlation between membrane electrode material parameters, fixture contact characteristic parameters, and output voltage.

[0044] Flow channel model S1: The oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen pressures inside the membrane electrode are solved by the mass conservation equation and the ideal gas equation, as shown in the following equations:

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, p v,ca and Represents the internal mass of cathode oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen; W v,ca,in and represents the inlet flow rates of cathode oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen; W v，ca，out and Represents the outlet flow rate of cathode oxygen, water vapor and nitrogen; Represents the oxygen reaction consumption flow rate; W v，gen represents water generation flow; p j,ca represents the internal pressure of substance j; V ca represents the volume of the cathode flow channel; T is the temperature; R g, j is the gas constant of substance j.

[0048] The cathode humidity and liquid water volume fraction are calculated using the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, p v,ca represents the internal pressure of cathode water vapor; p sat represents the saturated vapor pressure of water at temperature T; m w,ca,max represents the maximum water vapor mass that the cathode can accommodate; p v,ca Represents the actual mass of cathode water vapor; m l,ca is the cathode liquid water flow rate; RH ca is the cathode humidity; s is the volume fraction of liquid water.

[0051] The above formula calculates the humidity under two conditions: if the mass of water vapor is less than the saturated vapor pressure at temperature T, no liquid water is generated and the humidity is the mole fraction of water vapor; if the mass of water vapor exceeds the saturated vapor pressure at temperature T, liquid water is generated and the humidity is 100%.

[0052] Impedance model S2: The total impedance of the fuel cell is mainly composed of the bulk resistance and the interface contact resistance:

[0053] R ohm =R mem +R gdl +R con,cl-gdl +R con,bp-gdl

[0054] In the formula, R mem is the membrane resistance; R gdl is the diffusion layer impedance; R con，ch-gdl represents the contact resistance between the flow field plate and the diffusion layer; R con，cl-gdl Represents the contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the catalytic layer.

[0055] The membrane impedance is determined by the cathode relative humidity and the anode relative humidity:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, δ mem is the film thickness; λ mem is the membrane water content; a mem is the membrane water activity.

[0058] The interface contact resistance is determined by the fixture contact characteristic parameters and membrane electrode material parameters:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, P con is the average contact pressure, determined by contact characteristic experiments; a1, a2, a3, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5 represent impedance fitting coefficients, determined by historical data; ε cl is the porosity of the catalyst layer, which is determined by the membrane electrode material parameters:

[0061] ε cl =1-ε Pt -ε C -ε I

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, ε Pt , ε C and ε I represents the volume fraction of platinum, carbon and ionomer; mPt represents the platinum loading; δ cl represents the thickness of the catalytic layer; ρ Pt ,ρ C and ρ I represents the density of platinum, carbon and ionomer; Ratio Pt / C Represents the mass ratio of platinum to carbon; Ratio I / C represents the mass ratio of ionomer to carbon.

[0064] Oxygen cross-ridge permeation model S3: In the uncontacted area of the fixture surface, oxygen crosses the ridge, resulting in oxygen concentration loss. The oxygen concentration is affected by the contact characteristic parameters and membrane electrode material parameters and is calculated using the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, α is the contact area ratio; β is the ratio of the actual specific surface area of platinum to the ideal specific surface area; ω is a function of α and β; u Pt is the effective utilization rate of platinum; r PT is the platinum radius; δ CL is the thickness of the catalytic layer.

[0067] The limiting current density is calculated using the following formula:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, F is the Faraday constant, D eff is the effective diffusion coefficient; δ gdl，eff is the effective thickness of the diffusion layer. Voltage model S4: The output voltage and power of the membrane electrode are calculated using the following formula:

[0070] V cell =E Nerst -V act -V ohm -V con

[0071] P=iAV cell

[0072] In the formula, E Nerst is the Nernst voltage; V act is the activation overpotential; V ohm is the ohmic overpotential; V con is the concentration overpotential; i is the current density.

[0073] The Nernst voltage is calculated using the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] The activation overpotential is calculated by the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, V0 is the open circuit voltage loss; V a is a constant; c1 is a function of the average contact pressure and platinum loading. The ohmic overpotential is calculated using the following formula:

[0078] V ohm =iR ohm

[0079] The concentration overpotential is calculated using the following formula:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, c2 and c3 are concentration difference overpotential correction coefficients.

[0082] Fuel cell contact characteristics test method such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fixture includes a cathode end plate 1, an anode end plate 2, a cathode insulating plate 3, an anode insulating plate 4, a cathode current collecting plate 5, an anode current collecting plate 6, a cathode flow field plate 7, and an anode flow field plate 8.

[0083] In the contact characteristics test, the newly prepared membrane electrode 9 is first placed in the cathode flow field plate 7 and the anode flow field plate 8. Then, the pressure test membrane 10 is placed between the membrane electrode 9 and the anode flow field plate 8. The fastening bolt 11 and the fastening nut 13 are connected, and the fastening bolt 2 12 and the fastening nut 2 14 are connected. A torque T is applied to press the membrane electrode 9 and the pressure test membrane 10 together. The assembly time is maintained for 3 minutes. After 3 minutes, the effective contact area 15 and the non-contact area 16 are displayed on the pressure test membrane. The pressure data and contact area data on the pressure test membrane are extracted, and the two contact indicators, average contact pressure and contact area ratio, are calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, P k represents the contact pressure of the kth region; n represents the total number of regions on the pressure test membrane; A represents the membrane electrode area; A con It represents the ratio of the effective contact area to the membrane electrode area.

[0086] The method for quickly matching the membrane electrode and the fixture designed in this embodiment uses a one-dimensional fuel cell model and fixture contact characteristic experiments to quickly calculate the performance of the membrane electrode under different fixtures and the performance of the membrane electrode under an ideal fixture, thereby quickly screening suitable fixtures for the membrane electrode, thereby reducing testing costs and time costs.

[0087] Existing fuel cell assembly methods use a digital twin model of the assembly to determine optimal fixture assembly parameters for fuel cell assembly. These methods only optimize performance by varying assembly parameters within the same fixture, without considering fixture selection. Excessive fixture machining errors can lead to performance losses. However, this embodiment, through a one-dimensional fuel cell model and fixture contact characteristic experiments, can predict the performance of different membrane electrode and fixture combinations, selecting fixtures that achieve less than 5% of the ideal maximum output power, enabling rapid matching of membrane electrode and fixture.

[0088] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the membrane electrode preparation process, the membrane electrode material parameters are obtained; A pressure measuring membrane is added between the membrane electrode and the fixture to obtain contact characteristic parameters on the pressure measuring membrane; A one-dimensional fuel cell model was constructed based on the flow channel model, impedance model, oxygen trans-ridge permeation model, and voltage model. Inputting the membrane electrode material parameters and contact characteristic parameters into the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell to obtain the actual maximum output power; The actual maximum output power is compared with the theoretical maximum output power, and when the obtained performance difference meets a preset threshold, the membrane electrode is successfully matched with the fixture; When the obtained performance difference does not meet the preset threshold, the fixture is replaced and the operation is repeated until the obtained performance difference meets the preset threshold; The operation process of the one-dimensional fuel cell model includes: the flow channel model takes the operating conditions as input and the oxygen partial pressure and humidity as output; the impedance model takes the humidity, membrane electrode material parameters and contact characteristic parameters as input and the ohmic impedance as output; the oxygen trans-ridge permeation model takes the oxygen partial pressure, membrane electrode material parameters and contact characteristic parameters as input and the limiting current density as output; the voltage model takes the limiting current density and ohmic impedance as input and the voltage and power as output; The process of obtaining the actual maximum output power and the theoretical maximum output power includes: inputting the membrane electrode material parameters and the contact characteristic parameters of the fixture into the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell, obtaining the current-power curve of the membrane electrode under the corresponding fixture, and obtaining the actual maximum output power based on the current-power curve; at the same time, obtaining the theoretical maximum output power when the contact characteristic parameters are optimal based on the one-dimensional model of the fuel cell.

2. The method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the contact characteristic parameters includes: adding a pressure measuring membrane between the membrane electrode and the clamp, adjusting all bolt torques to the preset torque, assembling the membrane electrode and the clamp and maintaining them for 3 minutes, then adjusting all bolt torques to 0, removing the pressure measuring membrane, reading and calculating the contact characteristic parameters on the pressure measuring membrane; the contact characteristic parameters include the average contact pressure and the contact area ratio.

3. The method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for obtaining the oxygen partial pressure output by the flow channel model is as follows: in, , and Represents the internal mass of cathode oxygen, water vapor, and nitrogen; , and represents the inlet flow rate of cathode oxygen, water vapor and nitrogen; , and Represents the outlet flow rate of cathode oxygen, water vapor and nitrogen; Represents the oxygen reaction consumption flow rate; represents water generation flow; represents the internal pressure of substance j; represents the volume of cathode flow channel; T is temperature; is the gas constant of substance j.

4. The method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The formula for obtaining the humidity output by the flow channel model is as follows: In the formula, represents the internal pressure of water vapor at the cathode; represents the saturated vapor pressure of water at temperature T; Represents the maximum water vapor mass that the cathode can accommodate; Represents the actual mass of cathode water vapor; is the cathode liquid water flow rate; is the cathode humidity; s is the volume fraction of liquid water; for The gas constant; for density.

5. The method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the ohmic impedance output by the impedance model includes: obtaining the membrane impedance based on the cathode relative humidity and the anode relative humidity; obtaining the contact resistance between the flow field plate and the diffusion layer and the contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the catalytic layer based on the contact characteristic parameters of the fixture and the membrane electrode material parameters; obtaining the diffusion layer impedance, and summing the diffusion layer impedance, the membrane impedance, the contact resistance between the flow field plate and the diffusion layer, and the contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the catalytic layer to obtain the ohmic impedance.

6. The method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the limiting current density output by the oxygen cross-ridge permeation model includes: obtaining the oxygen concentration based on the functional relationship between the ratio of the actual specific surface area of platinum to the ideal specific surface area and the contact area ratio; obtaining the Faraday constant, effective diffusion coefficient and effective thickness of the diffusion layer, and obtaining the limiting current density based on the functional relationship between the Faraday constant, effective diffusion coefficient, effective thickness of the diffusion layer and oxygen concentration.

7. The method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the voltage output by the voltage model includes: obtaining the Nernst voltage, activation overpotential, ohmic overpotential and concentration difference overpotential, and continuously subtracting the activation overpotential, ohmic overpotential and concentration difference overpotential from the Nernst voltage to obtain the output voltage; The process of obtaining the power output by the voltage model includes: obtaining the current density, multiplying the output voltage by the current density, and obtaining the output power.

8. The method for quickly matching a fuel cell membrane electrode and a fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane electrode material parameters include platinum loading, platinum to carbon mass ratio, and ionomer to carbon mass ratio.

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