An ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses an ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device and a use method thereof, which comprises a laser collimator, an ultrasonic vibration device, a diamond indenter, a sample rotating platform, a friction performance detection device, a rack and a base installed at the bottom of the rack, the friction performance detection device is installed on the rack, the object table is fixedly installed on the sample rotating platform, the sample rotating platform is installed on the base, the laser collimator is installed on the rack through the laser pose precision control device, the light outlet of the laser collimator is opposite to the ultrasonic vibration device, the diamond indenter is fixedly installed with the ultrasonic vibration device, and the diamond indenter is opposite to the object table; after the laser beam passes through the laser collimator and the ultrasonic vibration device, the laser beam is transmitted through the diamond indenter and acts on the surface of the sample, and the heating area is detected through the friction performance detection device, so that the composite friction performance of the sample is evaluated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of material friction performance test analysis, and more particularly relates to an ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The complex components of difficult-to-machine materials have important applications in high-end equipment in the fields of high-energy physics, aerospace, and national defense. To meet the increasing performance requirements of high-end equipment, the basic size and machining precision requirements are continuously increasing, which poses a great challenge to ultra-precision cutting technology represented by single-point diamond machining. It is urgent to develop new technologies and new equipment for multi-energy field assisted ultra-precision machining to solve the problem of ultra-precision manufacturing of complex components of difficult-to-machine materials. Laser and ultrasonic are the most commonly used energy fields in single-point diamond energy field assisted machining. Laser can heat and soften the machined area, and ultrasonic vibration converts continuous stress into intermittent stress. In the prior art, heating assisted pressure and scribing usually use heating plate base heating or laser preheating. The heating plate base heating has a slow response, and the laser preheating has a fast energy loss, which cannot achieve good test results.

[0003] Chinese patent (authorized publication number CN201410159184.6) discloses a method for precision machining of hard and brittle material end face. The patent uses laser assisted heating to improve the plasticity of hard and brittle materials, so that the hard and brittle materials can be removed in a ductile manner. High-frequency intermittent cutting is realized by two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration to reduce cutting force and improve surface machining quality. However, the patent uses laser preheating, and the use of cutting fluid will affect the laser light path, and the non-use of cutting fluid will accelerate tool wear and affect the machining quality.

[0004] Chinese patent (authorized publication number CN201911421472.3) discloses an ultrasonic vibration micro-laser assisted composite single-point diamond cutting machining system. The patent combines single-point cutting technology, ultrasonic vibration and micro-laser assisted machining technology in situ to improve machining efficiency and precision. However, the patent is mainly applied to the cutting process and cannot test the friction performance of the material.

[0005] Chinese patent (authorized publication number CN202311208639.4) discloses a laser assisted ultrasonic composite high-speed scribing test device and use method. The patent uses ultrasonic and laser assistance to scribe the test material and monitors the test material through a high-speed camera and a speedometer. However, the patent uses laser preheating, and the cutting fluid will affect the laser light path.

[0006] A Chinese patent (grant announcement number CN202210369097.8) discloses a laser composite ultrasonic auxiliary grinding machine tool and a processing method. The end of the main shaft is provided with a laser steering driving device, which can drive the laser head to rotate around the main shaft, so that the laser focusing point is always kept at the front end of the grinding tool, thereby ensuring the processing quality and saving the processing time of the complex processing path. However, the patent uses laser preheating, and the cutting fluid will affect the laser light path. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application is to solve the problem in the prior art that heating assisted press and scribe usually use heating plate base heating or laser preheating. The heating plate base heating has slow response, the laser preheating has fast energy loss, the use of cutting fluid will affect the laser light path, and the non-use of cutting fluid will accelerate the tool wear and affect the processing quality.

[0008] The present application adopts the following technical scheme: an ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device, comprising a laser collimator, an ultrasonic vibration device, a diamond indenter, a sample rotation platform, a friction performance detection device, a rack, and a base installed at the bottom of the rack, the friction performance detection device is installed on the rack, the sample rotation platform is fixedly installed on the sample rotation platform, the sample rotation platform is installed on the base, the laser collimator is installed on the rack through the laser pose precision control device, the laser collimator light outlet is opposite to the ultrasonic vibration device, the diamond indenter is fixedly installed with the ultrasonic vibration device, and the diamond indenter is opposite to the sample rotation platform; the laser beam passes through the diamond indenter after passing through the laser collimator and the ultrasonic vibration device, and acts on the surface of the sample, the sample receives the laser energy to increase the surface temperature, thereby achieving in-situ heating of the sample on the sample rotation platform, and only heating the part of the diamond indenter in contact with the sample, and the friction performance detection device is used to detect the heating area to evaluate the ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction performance of the sample.

[0009] Preferably, a combination lens is further arranged between the laser collimator and the ultrasonic vibration device, and the combination lens is fixedly installed at a position opposite to the ultrasonic vibration device through hole.

[0010] Preferably, the diamond indenter, the ultrasonic vibration device, the combination lens, the laser collimator light outlet, and the friction performance detection device are located on the same axis.

[0011] Preferably, the laser collimator is connected with a laser generator through the optical fiber, and the laser emission power is less than 100W.

[0012] Preferably, the ultrasonic rotating device comprises a piezoelectric ceramic and an ultrasonic horn, the piezoelectric ceramic makes the ultrasonic horn vibrate at a frequency of 40-80 kHz and an amplitude of 0.1-10 μm.

[0013] Preferably, the combined lens is fixedly installed on the stand column.

[0014] Preferably, the sample rotation platform is fixedly installed on the base through the pedestal.

[0015] Preferably, the friction performance detection device is installed on the top of the frame.

[0016] A friction performance test method using the ultrasonic and laser in-situ combined friction test device as described above, the friction performance test method comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) placing the sample to be tested on the sample stage and clamping it with the clamp;

[0018] (2) adjusting the indenter device so that the indenter corresponds to the target test position of the sample to be tested;

[0019] (3) precisely adjusting the laser collimator so that the laser is focused on the indenter tip after passing through the combined lens, the ultrasonic vibration device and the diamond indenter through hole;

[0020] (4) starting the laser emission device, the ultrasonic vibration device and the sample rotation platform, the laser irradiates the target test position of the sample, the ultrasonic vibration acts on the diamond indenter, and the sample to be tested is subjected to the indentation test;

[0021] (5) the friction performance detection device collects real-time mechanical data of the test process through the sensor and sends it to the computer;

[0022] (6) after the test is completed, the sample is removed.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: by adopting the above-mentioned ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device, the present invention can heat the target test position of the sample in situ by laser during the scratching process to soften the scratched area; the ultrasonic generator drives the diamond indenter to change from continuous scratching to intermittent scratching, thereby reducing the continuous stress in the scratched area. The friction performance data of the sample is collected by the friction performance detection device, which facilitates the measurement of the mechanical response of the material under different temperatures and stresses, realizing a friction performance testing system that integrates driving, heating, variable stress, and detection. It is a precision instrument for measuring the friction performance parameters of materials under different temperatures and stresses. It can also study in situ the mechanical behavior, damage mechanism, and the correlation between material deformation and load of the tested material under the action of load in a complex environment of ultrasonic and laser composite. The test results have extremely important guiding significance for the study of precision and ultra-precision machining of difficult-to-machine materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the positional relationship among the laser collimator, combined lens, ultrasonic generator, diamond indenter and sample in the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of the flow of the testing method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-friction performance detection device, 2-optical fiber, 3-self-centering fixture, 4-laser position precision control device, 5-laser collimator, 6-combination lens, 7-rack column, 8-ultrasonic vibration device, 801-piezoelectric ceramic, 802-ultrasonic amplitude transformer, 9-diamond indenter, 10-sample, 11-stage, 12-fixture, 13-sample rotation stage, 14-base, 15-rack, 16-computer, 17-ultrasonic generating device through hole, 18-diamond indenter through hole, 19-laser beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only intended to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0032] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For a person of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0034] Example

[0035] The following are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] like Figs. 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides an ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device and its use method, which belongs to the field of material friction performance testing and analysis, and includes a laser collimator 5, a combined lens 6, an ultrasonic vibration device 8, a sample rotating platform 13, a friction performance detection device 1, a frame 15, and a base 14 installed at the bottom of the frame. The friction performance detection device 1 is installed on the frame 15, the stage 11 is fixedly installed on the sample rotating platform 13, and the sample rotating platform 13 is installed on the base 14. The laser collimator 5 is installed on the frame 16 through the laser position precision control device 4. The light outlet of the laser collimator 5 is directly opposite to the combined lens 6, and the combined lens 6 is fixedly installed at a position directly opposite to the through hole 17 of the ultrasonic generator. The diamond indenter 9 is processed with a through hole 18 and fixedly installed with the ultrasonic generator 8. The diamond indenter 9 is directly opposite to the stage 11. The specific operation process is as follows: the laser beam 19 acts on the surface of the sample 10 through the diamond indenter 9. The sample 10 receives the laser energy to increase the surface temperature, thereby achieving in-situ heating of the sample 10, and only heats the contact area between the diamond indenter 9 and the sample 10, without affecting the material outside the test area.

[0037] The laser generator is connected with the optical fiber 2, the optical fiber 2 is connected with the laser collimator 5, and the laser generated by the laser generator is output as parallel laser through the optical fiber 2 and the laser collimator 5 through the light outlet. The laser collimator 5 is fixedly installed on the laser pose precision regulation device 4 through the self-centering clamp 3, the laser collimator 5 is adjusted in pose through the laser pose precision regulation device 4, and the output laser focal point is accurately adjusted. The combined lens 6 is fixedly installed on the rack column 7 through the lens clamp, so that the parallel laser output by the laser collimator 5 is refracted and focused on the tip of the diamond indenter 10. The ultrasonic generating device 8 comprises a piezoelectric ceramic 801 and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 802, and is fixedly installed on the rack column 7 through the ultrasonic generating device clamp. There is an adjusting slide rail between the ultrasonic generating device clamp and the rack column 7, so that the diamond indenter 9 can be pressed into the sample 10 to be tested. The diamond indenter 9 is fixedly installed in the ultrasonic generating device through threads, and realizes elliptical vibration of the diamond indenter 9 during the indentation test process. The sample rotating table 13 is installed on the base 14, the base 14 is fixedly installed on the rack 15, and the sample rotating platform 13 has x and y direction position adjusting mechanisms, so that the target test area can be aligned before testing. The sample 10 is fixedly installed on the object table 11 through the clamp 12, the object table 11 is fixedly installed on the sample rotating table 13, and the sample rotating table 13 has a motor, so that the sample 10 can be tested after the diamond indenter 9 is pressed into the sample 10 to be tested.

[0038] The friction performance detection device 1 is installed at the top end of the rack column 7, coaxial with the laser collimator 5, the ultrasonic generating device 8 and the diamond indenter through hole 18, and has longitudinal sensors and transverse sensors in the friction performance detection device 1. Mechanical data are collected in real time during the test process and sent to the computer 16.

[0039] Based on the above-mentioned chemical field and stress field in-situ composite friction performance test device, the embodiment of the present application further provides a processing method, wherein, as shown in Fig. 3 The processing method of the ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device adopts the above-mentioned ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device, and the processing method comprises the following steps:

[0040] S100, placing the sample 10 to be tested on the object table 11 and clamping it with the clamp 12;

[0041] S200, adjusting the indenter device 9 so that the indenter 9 corresponds to the target test position of the sample 10 to be tested;

[0042] S300, precisely adjusting the laser collimator 5 so that the laser is focused on the tip of the indenter 9 after passing through the combined lens 6, the ultrasonic generating device 8 and the diamond indenter handle through hole 18;

[0043] S400, start the laser emitting device 5, the ultrasonic vibration device 8 and the sample rotating platform 13, the laser beam 19 irradiates the target test position of the sample 10, the ultrasonic vibration acts on the diamond indenter 9, and the sample 10 to be tested is subjected to the indentation test;

[0044] S500, the friction performance detection device 1 collects real-time mechanical data of the test process through the sensor and sends the real-time mechanical data to the computer 16;

[0045] S600, after the test is completed, the sample 10 is removed.

[0046] The above examples are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, the purpose is to enable the person skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and to implement, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a laser collimator, an ultrasonic vibration device, a diamond indenter, a stage, a sample rotating platform, a friction performance detection device, a frame and a base installed at the bottom of the frame, wherein the friction performance detection device is installed on the frame, the stage is fixedly installed on the sample rotating platform, the sample rotating platform is installed on the base, the laser collimator is installed on the frame through the laser position precision control device, the light outlet of the laser collimator faces the ultrasonic vibration device, the diamond indenter is fixedly installed with the ultrasonic vibration device, and the diamond indenter faces the stage; the laser beam passes through the laser collimator and the ultrasonic vibration device and then acts on the surface of the sample through the diamond indenter, the sample receives the laser energy to increase the surface temperature, thereby achieving in-situ heating of the sample on the stage, and only the part where the diamond indenter contacts the sample is heated, the heated area is detected by the friction performance detection device, and the ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction performance of the sample is evaluated.

2. The ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A combined lens is further provided between the laser collimator and the ultrasonic vibration device, and the combined lens is fixedly installed at a position facing the through hole of the ultrasonic vibration device.

3. The ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diamond indenter, the ultrasonic vibration device, the combined lens, the laser collimator light outlet and the friction performance detection device are located on the same axis.

4. The ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser collimator is connected to the laser generator via an optical fiber, and the laser emission power is less than 100W.

5. The ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic vibration device includes piezoelectric ceramics and an ultrasonic horn. The piezoelectric ceramics enable the ultrasonic horn to generate vibrations with a frequency of 40 to 80 kHz and an amplitude of 0.1 μm to 10 μm.

6. The ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combined lens is fixedly mounted on a frame column.

7. The ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stage is fixedly mounted on the sample rotating platform via a base, and the sample rotating platform is mounted on the base.

8. The ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The friction performance detection device is installed on the top of the frame.

9. A friction performance test method, characterized in that: Using the ultrasonic and laser in-situ composite friction testing device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, the friction performance testing method comprises the following steps: (1) Place the sample to be tested on the stage and clamp it with a clamp; (2) Adjust the indenter device so that the indenter corresponds to the target test position of the sample to be tested; (3) Accurately adjust the laser collimator so that the laser is focused on the tip of the indenter after passing through the combined lens, ultrasonic vibration device and diamond indenter through-hole; (4) Start the laser emitting device, ultrasonic vibration device and sample rotating platform, irradiate the laser to the target test position of the sample, and the ultrasonic vibration acts on the diamond indenter to perform the scratch test on the sample to be tested; (5) The friction performance detection device collects real-time mechanical data during the test process through sensors and sends it to the computer; (6) After the test is completed, remove the sample.

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