Antifreeze blocking agent for CO2 fire extinguishing system, use method and device thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of CO2 system antifreeze blocking technology, specifically relating to an antifreeze blocking agent for CO2 fire extinguishing systems, a method of use, and a device therefor. The specific technical solution is: CF3I and / or N2 are mixed with CO2 through an ejector, with the mixing ratio, by volume, being 1:10 to 1:20 CF3I:CO2; or 1:10 to 3:7 N2:CO2. During fire extinguishing, the high-speed flow of CO2 gas through the ejector creates a low pressure inside the ejector, ejecting the CF3I and / or N2 connected to the suction chamber. This reduces the CO2 concentration, prevents CO2 from agglomerating to form dry ice that freezes and blocks the pipeline, and improves the CO2 coverage and sustained fire extinguishing capability. After mixing, CF3I and / or N2 and CO2 form a highly effective composite fire extinguishing agent, effectively enhancing the fire extinguishing capability of CO2 and significantly improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of CO2 system antifreeze blocking, and in particular relates to an antifreeze blocking agent for a CO2 fire extinguishing system, a use method and a device thereof. Background Art

[0002] In firefighting, CO2 firefighting, as a classic and highly effective firefighting method, has been continuously applied and developed in many fields. For large oil storage tanks, CO2 firefighting has the advantages of fast firefighting speed, ability to implement localized and precise firefighting, leaving no traces after firefighting, no pollution, no toxicity, and low price. Compared with conventional oil tank foam firefighting systems, it has obvious advantages. However, during the release of CO2 from the storage container, it quickly vaporizes from liquid to gas, absorbs heat during vaporization, and some CO2 is converted into dry ice, which is prone to freezing and blockage in control valves and fire sprinklers, limiting the coverage of CO2 firefighting and its ability to continuously extinguish fires. For this problem, the main method currently used to alleviate it is to shorten the length of the pipeline and increase the diameter of the pipeline, but these methods cannot fundamentally solve the problem.

[0003] The necessary conditions for the formation of solid CO2 are sufficiently high pressure, sufficiently low temperature, and sufficiently high CO2 concentration. For the CO2 fire extinguishing system, sufficiently high pressure is required to transport CO2 to the fire area, and lower temperature also helps to extinguish the fire. Therefore, reducing the CO2 concentration is an effective way to prevent CO2 from forming dry ice.

[0004] Currently, there are no specific anti-freeze devices or methods for CO2 fire extinguishing systems. However, there are methods for preventing the formation of solid CO2 during ethane recovery from natural gas. These methods primarily involve decarbonization, controlling process parameters, adding antifreeze agents, and improving process flow. However, these methods often reduce the effectiveness of CO2 fire extinguishing systems and fail to fundamentally resolve the CO2 freezing issue.

[0005] There are also designs for CO2 anti-freeze safety valves, which achieve anti-freeze effects by optimizing the internal structure of the valve. Compared to ordinary safety valves, where the valve disc opening direction is different from the CO2 flow direction, CO2 needs to use its own pressure to lift the valve disc and make a turn before it can flow out. The valve disc opening direction in the anti-freeze safety valve is consistent with the CO2 flow direction. CO2 uses its own pressure to lift the spring above the valve disc, and the valve disc rises accordingly, allowing CO2 to flow directly out, reducing flow changes during the flow process and thus reducing the possibility of freezing. However, this type of safety valve will limit the CO2 flow rate for fire extinguishing systems that require a large amount of CO2 for rapid fire extinguishing, thereby affecting the fire extinguishing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an antifreeze agent, method of use, and device for use in CO2 fire extinguishing systems. By injecting CF3I or N2 through an ejector, mixing it with CO2, the agent improves fire extinguishing effectiveness while reducing the CO2 concentration and thus the possibility of CO2 forming dry ice. The mixed CF3I or N2 also prevents CO2 from agglomerating and forming dry ice that can freeze and block pipes. This effectively prevents dry ice from freezing and blocking valves and nozzles in the fire extinguishing system, extending the CO2 discharge time and improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: on the one hand, the present invention discloses an antifreeze agent for use in a CO2 fire extinguishing system, comprising CF3I or N2.

[0008] Preferably, the blending ratio is calculated by volume fraction: CF3I:CO2 is 1:10 to 1:20; or, N2:CO2 is 1:10 to 3:7.

[0009] On the other hand, the present invention discloses the application of CF3I or N2 in the field of anti-freezing and blocking in CO2 fire extinguishing systems.

[0010] Preferably, when injecting CO2, CF3I is added, and the mixing ratio is calculated by volume fraction: CF3I:CO2 is 1:10 to 1:20;

[0011] Alternatively, when injecting CO2, N2 is added, and the mixing ratio by volume fraction is: N2:CO2 is 1:10 to 3:7.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a method for preventing freezing and blocking of a CO2 fire extinguishing system, wherein CF3I and CO2 are mixed by an ejector (8), and the mixing ratio is calculated as follows: CF3I:CO2 is 1:10 to 1:20 by volume;

[0013] Alternatively, N2 and CO2 are mixed by an ejector (8), and the mixing ratio is calculated as N2:CO2 in the range of 1:10 to 3:7 by volume.

[0014] Preferably, the blending ratio of CF3I and CO2 is 1:10; or, the blending ratio of N2 and CO2 is 1:10.

[0015] Preferably, the storage state of CF3I or N2 is liquid, and the ejector causes CF3I or N2 to flow out at a constant flow rate, the flow rate of CF3I is 0.17 to 0.20 times the flow rate of CO2; or, the flow rate of N2 is 0.1 to 0.43 times the flow rate of CO2.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention discloses an anti-freeze blocking device for a CO2 fire extinguishing system, including an ejector, which includes an input channel, an intake chamber, a mixing channel and a diffusion channel connected in sequence, the outlet end of the input channel being accommodated in the intake chamber, the intake chamber being provided with an intake channel, the intake channel introducing CF3I or N2, and the inlet end of the input channel introducing CO2; the inner diameter of the input channel gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow, so that a negative pressure is generated in the intake chamber, and CF3I or N2 is introduced into the intake chamber through the negative pressure.

[0017] Preferably, the inner diameter of the pressure diffusion channel gradually increases along the fluid flow direction;

[0018] And / or, the suction chamber is provided with an air outlet channel, the mixing channel is communicated with the air outlet channel, and the inner diameter of the air outlet channel gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction.

[0019] Preferably, a pressure regulating valve is provided on the inlet pipe connecting the ejector and the CF3I or N2 storage tank, and a main control valve is provided on the outlet pipe of the ejector. The pressure regulating valve and the main control valve are opened and closed simultaneously. The pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the flow rate of CF3I or N2, and the main control valve is used to control the flow rate of the mixture.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention utilizes the high-speed flow of CO2 gas through the ejector during fire extinguishing, creating a low pressure inside the ejector. This draws out the CF3I or N2 connected to the suction chamber, reducing CO2 concentration and preventing CO2 from agglomerating to form dry ice that blocks the pipes. This improves CO2 coverage and sustained fire extinguishing capability. The mixture of CF3I or N2 and CO2 forms a highly effective composite fire extinguishing agent, effectively enhancing the CO2's fire extinguishing capability and significantly improving fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0022] 2. The fire extinguishing performance of a CO2-CF3I mixture is superior to that of CO2 and CF3I alone. CO2 extinguishing agent has a good physical combustion suppression effect, which makes up for the shortcomings of CF3I extinguishing agent. Conversely, CF3I extinguishing agent has a good chemical combustion suppression effect, which makes up for the shortcomings of CO2 extinguishing agent's low fire extinguishing efficiency. When the two are used simultaneously, their respective advantages are brought into play, creating a synergistic effect and effectively improving fire extinguishing efficiency. In addition, during the mixing process, CO2's relatively high heat capacity and dissociation temperature facilitate the transport of CF3I to the flame zone, thereby minimizing the decomposition rate of CF3I during transportation and fully decomposing it upon reaching the flame zone, enhancing the suppression effect of CF3I. At the same time, the addition of CF3I reduces the concentration of CO2 to a certain extent. After being doped with CF3I, it can prevent CO2 from cooling and agglomerating in the pipeline to form dry ice, alleviating the problem of freezing and blockage.

[0023] 3. The fire extinguishing performance of the CO2-N2 mixture is equivalent to that of using CO2 alone, but CO2 has disadvantages such as easy clogging of pipelines when sprayed for a long time and complex process. Mixing N2 can reduce the concentration of CO2, making it less likely for CO2 to clog the pipeline.

[0024] 4. The present invention utilizes an ejector to mix CF3I or N2 with CO2, alleviating the problem of poor CF3I gas flow caused by a large difference in flow rate and pressure between the two pipelines. This also eliminates the need for a mixing device, simplifying the system structure. Furthermore, the ejector requires no moving parts, simplifying maintenance and increasing reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic cross-section of the ejector of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of each section;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Markings in the figure: 1-CF3I or N2 storage tank, 2-display panel, 3-first pipeline, 4-CO2 storage tank, 5-intake channel, 6-pressure regulating valve, 7-exhaust channel, 8-ejector, 9-second pipeline, 10-main control valve, 11-third pipeline, 12-nozzle, 13-sensor detector, 14-protection area, 16-controller, 17-sound and light alarm, 18-spray indicator light, 19 human-computer interaction module, 20-input channel, 21-intake chamber, 22-mixing channel, 23-diffusion channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] 1. The present invention discloses a CO2 antifreeze agent for use in a CO2 fire extinguishing system, wherein the CO2 antifreeze agent contains CF3I or N2.

[0032] In one embodiment, specifically, the mixing ratio of CF3I to carbon dioxide is 1:10 to 1:20 by volume.

[0033] In a preferred technical solution, the mixing ratio of CF3I and CO2 is 1:10.

[0034] In the CO2 fire extinguishing system, the principle of using CF3I to prevent CO2 from freezing and blocking is: adding CF3I can reduce the concentration of CO2 to a certain extent, and after adding a certain proportion of CF3I, it can prevent CO2 from cooling and agglomerating in the pipeline to form dry ice, thereby alleviating the freezing and blocking problem.

[0035] CF3I is commonly used as a highly effective fire extinguishing agent. Its extinguishing mechanism is as follows: CF3I decomposes in flames to produce free radicals (such as CF2I, CF3, and I). These free radicals react with active free radicals in the combustion chain (such as OH and H), thereby suppressing the spread of flames. This chemical inhibition is the key to CF3I's fire extinguishing effect. CF3I also has a certain dilution and cooling effect.

[0036] By incorporating CF3I, the two can leverage their respective strengths when used simultaneously, creating a synergistic effect that significantly improves fire extinguishing efficiency. The fire extinguishing performance of the CO2-CF3I mixture is superior to that of CO2 and CF3I alone. The excellent physical combustion suppression effect of CO2 extinguishing agent compensates for the shortcomings of CF3I extinguishing agent. Conversely, the excellent chemical combustion suppression effect of CF3I extinguishing agent compensates for the low fire extinguishing efficiency of CO2 extinguishing agent. This not only prevents CO2 from freezing, but also improves the fire extinguishing efficiency of the CO2 fire extinguishing system.

[0037] In another embodiment, specifically, the mixing ratio of N2 to CO2 is 1:10 to 3:7 by volume fraction.

[0038] According to a preferred technical solution, the mixing ratio of N2 and CO2 is 1:10.

[0039] In the CO2 fire extinguishing system, the principle of using N2 to prevent CO2 from freezing and blocking is: adding N2 can reduce the concentration of CO2 to a certain extent, and after adding a certain proportion of N2, it can prevent CO2 from cooling and agglomerating in the pipeline to form dry ice, thereby alleviating the freezing and blocking problem.

[0040] Moreover, N2 is usually used as a highly effective fire extinguishing agent. Its fire extinguishing mechanism is as follows: after N2 is injected into the combustion zone, it dilutes the oxygen in the air and reduces the temperature of the combustion zone through heat transfer, thereby effectively preventing the combustion of the combustion materials; at the same time, N2 is lighter than air and will diffuse upward, covering the combustion materials and forming a layer of N2 barrier, isolating the combustion materials from contact with oxygen in the air.

[0041] By adding N2, the two can leverage their respective strengths when used together, creating a synergistic effect. The mixture of N2 and CO2 lowers the CO2's temperature, but also reduces its concentration, effectively preventing CO2 from freezing and blocking without affecting its fire-extinguishing effectiveness. N2 is lighter than air, while CO2 is heavier, so the two can better envelop the burning material, isolating it from contact with air.

[0042] 2. The present invention discloses a method for preventing freezing and blocking of a CO2 fire extinguishing system.

[0043] In one embodiment, when injecting CO2, CF3I and CO2 are mixed through the ejector 8, and the mixing ratio of CF3I and CO2 is 1:10 to 1:20.

[0044] In a preferred technical solution, the mixing ratio of CF3I and CO2 is 1:10.

[0045] Furthermore, the storage state of CF3I is liquid, and the ejector 8 causes CF3I to flow out at a constant flow rate, and the flow rate of CF3I is 0.17 to 0.20 times the flow rate of CO2.

[0046] In another embodiment, when injecting CO2, N2 and CO2 are mixed through the ejector 8, and the mixing ratio of N2 and CO2 is 1:10 to 3:7.

[0047] According to a preferred technical solution, the mixing ratio of N2 and CO2 is 1:10.

[0048] Furthermore, the N2 is stored in a liquid state, and the ejector 8 causes the N2 to flow out at a constant flow rate, and the flow rate of the N2 is 0.1 to 0.43 times the flow rate of the CO2.

[0049] 3. Such as Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present invention discloses an anti-freeze blocking device for a CO2 fire extinguishing system, including an ejector 8, which includes an input channel 20, a suction chamber 21, a mixing channel 22 and a diffusion channel 23 connected in sequence. The outlet end of the input channel 20 is accommodated in the suction chamber 21, and the suction chamber 21 is provided with an air intake channel 5. The air intake channel 5 introduces CF3I or N2, and the inlet end of the input channel 20 introduces CO2; the inner diameter of the input channel 20 gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction, thereby increasing the flow rate of CO2 in the suction chamber 21, generating a negative pressure in the suction chamber 21, and introducing CF3I or N2 into the suction chamber 21 through the negative pressure.

[0050] Input channel 20 is used to input CO2. It is connected directly or via a pipeline to a CO2 storage tank, allowing the CO2 in the tank to enter input channel 20. Intake channel 5 of suction chamber 21 is used to input CF3I or N2 to reduce the CO2 concentration. Trifluoroiodomethane is drawn into suction chamber 21 and then enters mixing channel 22 along with the CO2. The CO2, CF3I or N2 mix and are then discharged through diffuser channel 23. This mixture is used to extinguish fires, preventing CO2 from freezing and improving the fire-extinguishing effectiveness of the CO2.

[0051] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the pressure diffuser 23 gradually increases along the fluid flow direction, so that the mixture of CO2 and CF3I or N2 is discharged through the pressure diffuser 23, the gas flow rate is reduced, and the risk of generating a low-temperature environment during fire extinguishing is reduced.

[0052] Furthermore, the suction chamber 21 is provided with an outlet channel 7, and the mixing channel 22 is connected to the outlet channel 7. The inner diameter of the outlet channel 7 gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow. The gas in the suction chamber 21 is input into the mixing channel 22 through the outlet channel 7. As the inner diameter of the outlet channel 7 gradually decreases, the flow rate of the mixture of CO2 and CF3I or N2 in the mixing channel 22 increases, thereby increasing the negative pressure effect generated in the suction chamber 21.

[0053] Furthermore, a pressure regulating valve 6 is provided on the inlet pipe connecting the ejector 8 and the CF3I or N2 storage tank 1, and a main control valve 10 is provided on the outlet pipe of the ejector 8. The pressure regulating valve 6 and the main control valve 10 are opened and closed at the same time. The pressure regulating valve 6 is used to adjust the flow rate of CF3I or N2, and the main control valve 10 is used to control the flow rate of the mixture.

[0054] Because the required flow rates differ significantly between the two, mixing directly through pipes can result in excessive CO₂ flow pressure, hindering the flow of CF₃I or N₂, or causing CO₂ to flow backward into the CF₃I or N₂ pipelines. The ejector 8, however, acts as a fluid dynamic device, leveraging the kinetic energy of high-speed fluids to draw and transport low-speed fluids. This allows the high-flow CO₂ to be ejected and drawn from the low-flow CF₃I or N₂ for mixing, preventing obstruction to the flow of CF₃I or N₂ and also serving as a gas mixer. The ejector 8 requires no moving parts, making it simple to maintain and highly reliable.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment 1 discloses a CO2 fire extinguishing system anti-freeze blocking device, including a CF3I storage tank 1 arranged side by side with a CO2 storage tank 4, and both storage tanks are provided with a display panel 2 for observing the capacity in the storage tank. The CF3I storage tank 1 is connected to the air intake channel 5 of the ejector 8 through a first pipe, and a pressure regulating valve 6 is provided on the first pipe 3 to control the outflow of CF3I gas at a constant flow rate. The CO2 storage tank 4 is connected to the input channel 20 of the ejector 8. The outlet end of the diffusion channel 23 of the ejector 8 is connected to the inlet end of the main control valve 10 through a second pipe 9, and the output end of the main control valve 10 is connected to the third pipe 11, and the output end of the third pipe 11 is provided in the protection area 14. In a preferred embodiment, the output end of the third pipe 11 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 12 for spraying fire extinguishing gas.

[0057] A protected area fire extinguishing system utilizing a CO2 fire extinguishing system anti-freeze blocking device includes the aforementioned anti-freeze blocking device and a central control system. The central control system includes a controller 16 and a sensor detector 13. Controller 16 is communicatively connected to sensor detector 13 and is also communicatively connected to pressure regulating valve 6 and main control valve 10. Controller 16 controls the operation of pressure regulating valve 6 and main control valve 10. Sensor detector 13 may be a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, or other fire detection sensor.

[0058] The controller 16 includes a main control chip, an audible and visual alarm 17, a spray indicator light 18, and a human-machine exchange module 19. The audible and visual alarm 17, the spray indicator light 18, and the human-machine exchange module 19 are communicatively connected to the main control chip.

[0059] A method for extinguishing fire in a protected area using an anti-freeze blocking device of a CO2 fire extinguishing system: when a fire occurs in a protected area 14, an induction detector 13 senses the fire information and transmits the information to a main control chip of a controller 16. The main control chip controls the pressure regulating valve 6 and the main control valve 10 to open, and CF3I and CO2 are mixed in an ejector 8 and sprayed through a plurality of nozzles 12 to extinguish the fire; the main control chip controls the sound and light alarm 17 to sound an alarm to inform surrounding operators that a fire has occurred; the main control chip controls the display of a spray indicator light 18 to inform the operator that the anti-freeze blocking device has started to extinguish the fire; the operator can input control information through a human-machine exchange module 19, and the main control chip receives the control information and adjusts the operating parameters of the pressure regulating valve 6 and the main control valve 10.

[0060] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various deformations, modifications, and substitutions made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing freezing and blocking of a CO2 fire extinguishing system, characterized in that: Mixing CF3I and CO2 through an ejector (8) with a mixing ratio of CF3I:CO2 of 1:10 to 1:20 by volume; The storage state of CF3I is liquid, and the ejector discharges CF3I at a constant flow rate, which is 0.17 to 0.20 times the flow rate of CO2; The ejector (8) comprises an input channel (20), an intake chamber (21), a mixing channel (22) and a diffusion channel (23) connected in sequence, the outlet end of the input channel (20) being accommodated in the intake chamber (21), the intake chamber (21) being provided with an intake channel (5), the intake channel (5) introducing CF3I, and the inlet end of the input channel (20) introducing CO2; the inner diameter of the input channel (20) gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow, so that a negative pressure is generated in the intake chamber (21), and the CF3I is introduced into the intake chamber (21) by the negative pressure; The inner diameter of the pressure diffusion channel (23) gradually increases along the fluid flow direction; The suction chamber (21) is provided with an air outlet channel (7), the mixing channel (22) is communicated with the air outlet channel (7), and the inner diameter of the air outlet channel (7) gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction.

2. The anti-freezing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blending ratio of CF3I and CO2 is 1:

10.

3. The CO2 fire extinguishing system anti-freezing and blocking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure regulating valve (6) is provided on the inlet pipe connecting the ejector (8) and the CF3I storage tank (1), and a main control valve (10) is provided on the outlet pipe of the ejector (8). The pressure regulating valve (6) and the main control valve (10) are opened and closed at the same time. The pressure regulating valve (6) is used to adjust the flow rate of CF3I, and the main control valve (10) is used to control the flow rate of the mixture.

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