Antenna layout method for three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar

Abstract

The present application relates to a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method, including: determining the array element antenna size and the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array according to the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array; determining the minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers based on the working wavelength and spherical radius; determining the minimum synthetic array element parameters and the minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array according to the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements; calculating the total number of antennas and the array arrangement of the spherical array imaging system based on the element parameters; determining the scanning mode and time interval of the imaging system. Through the embodiments of the present application, the limitations of the antenna beam width are fully considered, and the minimum synthetic array is introduced. Through the flexible combination of the minimum synthetic array's transmission and reception modes, the principle of one transmission and multiple receptions is utilized to improve the sampling rate and ensure the imaging quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radar signal processing technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method. Background Art

[0002] Geological disaster monitoring radars are widely used in geological disaster prevention, resource exploration, environmental monitoring, and geological surveys. In this area, they are widely used to monitor and provide early warning for natural disasters such as landslides, debris flows, and ground collapses. Currently, geological disaster monitoring radars primarily use linear array antennas that mechanically move along tracks. Their scanning range and positioning accuracy are significantly constrained by the track, resulting in slow scanning speeds and poor microwave imaging quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method, which fully considers the limitations of the antenna beam width and introduces a minimum synthetic array. Through the flexible combination of transmission and reception methods of the minimum synthetic array and the principle of one transmission and multiple receptions, the sampling rate can be improved and the imaging quality can be guaranteed.

[0004] According to one of the solutions of the present application, a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method is provided, comprising:

[0005] Determine the element antenna size and minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array based on the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array;

[0006] Determine the minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers based on the operating wavelength and spherical radius;

[0007] Determining minimum synthetic array element parameters and minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array according to the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements;

[0008] Calculate the total number of antennas and array arrangement of spherical array imaging system based on array element parameters;

[0009] Determine the scanning mode and time interval of the imaging system.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the element antenna size and the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array based on the azimuth and elevation resolutions of the spherical array includes:

[0011] Calculate the beamwidth of the spherical array element based on the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array;

[0012] Determine the size of the spherical array element according to the element beam width and the operating wavelength;

[0013] The minimum effective synthetic aperture angle is calculated based on the array element beamwidth and the close distance between the array antenna and the target.

[0014] In some embodiments, calculating the spherical array element beamwidth based on the azimuth and elevation resolutions of the spherical array includes:

[0015] According to the azimuth angular resolution of the spherical array imaging radar and pitch angular resolution and operating frequency Calculating the beamwidth of a spherical array element and :

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] in represents the azimuth beamwidth of the spherical array, Indicates half the beam width in azimuth. represents the azimuth angular resolution of the spherical array, Indicates the beam width of the spherical array in elevation direction, Indicates half the beam width in elevation direction, represents the pitch angular resolution, represents the operating wavelength of the spherical imaging system, , k represents the beam width coefficient, which is related to the current distribution on the antenna aperture.

[0019] In some embodiments, determining the size of a spherical array element according to the element beam width based on the operating wavelength includes:

[0020] According to the beam width of the spherical array element and and calculate the size of spherical array element antenna and :

[0021] ;

[0022] in Indicates the size of the spherical array element antenna along the azimuth direction, Indicates the size of the spherical array element antenna along the pitch direction, k Is the beam width coefficient. The transmitting array element and the receiving array element of the spherical array antenna are generally the same size.

[0023] In some embodiments, calculating the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle based on the array element beamwidth and the array antenna target proximity includes:

[0024] According to the obtained array element beam width and , and array antenna target close range , by calculating the shortest effective resultant array size:

[0025] ;

[0026] represents the shortest effective synthetic array size along the azimuth direction, represents the shortest effective synthetic array size along the pitch direction, then the minimum effective synthetic aperture angles of the spherical array along the azimuth and along the pitch direction are:

[0027] ;

[0028] represents the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array along the azimuth direction, Indicates the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle along the pitch direction.

[0029] In some embodiments, determining the minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers based on the operating wavelength and the spherical radius includes:

[0030] Calculate the minimum distance between adjacent element centers of a spherical array ;

[0031] Calculate the minimum spacing angle between adjacent array element centers.

[0032] In some embodiments, determining the minimum synthetic array element parameters and the minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array based on the minimum spacing between adjacent elements includes:

[0033] Calculate the number of transmitting and receiving elements of the synthetic array in azimuth and elevation according to the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle in azimuth and elevation and the minimum angle between the antenna element centers in elevation and azimuth;

[0034] According to the actual minimum spacing angle between adjacent array element centers and The actual minimum synthetic aperture angle after correction is calculated based on the total number of transmitting and receiving elements in the spherical array in azimuth and elevation directions.

[0035] In some embodiments, wherein

[0036] Calculate the number of transmitting array elements:

[0037] ;

[0038] Indicates the number of transmitting elements along the azimuth direction, Indicates the number of array elements transmitting along the pitch direction, and Respectively represent the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle in azimuth and elevation;

[0039] Calculate the number of receiving elements in the minimum composite array along the azimuth and elevation directions:

[0040] ;

[0041] and Respectively represent the number of receiving elements of the minimum synthetic array along the azimuth and elevation directions;

[0042] Calculate the total number of transmitting and receiving elements in azimuth and elevation based on the number of transmitting and receiving elements in the minimum synthetic array. and for:

[0043] ;

[0044] In the formula Indicates the total number of transmitting and receiving elements of the one-dimensional minimum synthetic array antenna along the azimuth direction, Indicates the total number of transmitting and receiving elements in the one-dimensional minimum synthetic array along the pitch direction.

[0045] In some embodiments, wherein:

[0046] Minimum synthetic aperture angle:

[0047] ;

[0048] in, represents the corrected minimum synthetic aperture angle along the azimuth direction, represents the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected along the pitch direction;

[0049] Determine the minimum synthetic array size based on the minimum corrected synthetic aperture angle in azimuth, the minimum corrected synthetic aperture angle in elevation, and the spherical array radius:

[0050] ;

[0051] and represent the minimum synthetic array size corrected in azimuth and elevation, respectively.

[0052] In some embodiments, calculating the total number of antennas and the array arrangement of the spherical array imaging system based on array element parameters includes:

[0053] For the three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna in the one-transmit-multiple-receive mode, the minimum synthetic array moves in azimuth and elevation. The azimuth array is arranged in all directions at a full angle of 360°, and the elevation array can generally be arranged at a maximum of 270°. Indicates the The azimuth angle of the array element, Indicates the The pitch angle of each element is used to image the target at a specific location through synthetic aperture radar; where:

[0054] Take the spherical array oyz section diagram, along the Z axis at equal intervals Split the arc into several parts. A circle with a radius of 1 is divided into latitude arc 1 to latitude arc M;

[0055] Calculate the number of arcs M on the sphere;

[0056] Calculate the spherical center angle between the two latitude arcs as the spherical center angle of the adjacent array element in the pitch direction ;

[0057] According to the minimum effective synthetic aperture size in azimuth Determine the number of transmitting array elements;

[0058] Based on the total number of spherical array elements, a microwave switch network is used to control the excitation of the corresponding elements.

[0059] The three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method of various embodiments of the present application determines the array element antenna size and the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array based on at least the azimuth and elevation resolutions of the spherical array; determines the minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers based on the working wavelength and the spherical radius; determines the minimum synthetic array element parameters and the minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array based on the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements; calculates the total number and array layout of the spherical array imaging system antennas based on the element parameters; determines the scanning mode and time interval of the imaging system, so that the spherical array antenna fully considers the limitation of the antenna beam width and introduces the minimum synthetic array. Through the flexible combination of the minimum synthetic array transmission and reception modes and the principle of one transmit and multiple receive, the sampling rate can be improved and the imaging quality can be guaranteed.

[0060] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application, as claimed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a minimum synthetic array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0063] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a spherical array three-dimensional imaging radar synthetic aperture structure according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0064] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the layout of a spherical array imaging antenna according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0065] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the spherical array oyz according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0066] Figure 5 A flow chart of a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Various aspects and features of the present application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of an embodiment. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present application will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0069] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the general description of the present application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0070] These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] It should also be understood that although the present application has been described with reference to certain specific examples, those skilled in the art will readily be able to implement many other equivalent forms of the present application.

[0072] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0073] Specific embodiments of the present application will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the embodiments described are merely examples of the present application and may be implemented in a variety of ways. Familiar and / or repetitive functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary or redundant details. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details described herein are not intended to be limiting, but rather serve merely as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to variously utilize the present application with substantially any suitable detailed structure.

[0074] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may all refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present application.

[0075] In combination with the above background technology, this application describes the corresponding solutions in the form of embodiments to solve the defects in the prior art, but it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the patent rights claimed in this application.

[0076] As one of the solutions, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method, including:

[0077] Determine the element antenna size and minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array based on the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array;

[0078] Determine the minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers based on the operating wavelength and spherical radius;

[0079] Determining minimum synthetic array element parameters and minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array according to the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements;

[0080] Calculate the total number of antennas and array arrangement of spherical array imaging system based on array element parameters;

[0081] Determine the scanning mode and time interval of the imaging system.

[0082] In view of the above, this application aims at proposing a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method. To address the problems existing in the prior art, this application introduces a minimum synthetic array, combines the minimum synthetic array's flexible transmission and reception modes, and utilizes a one-transmit-multiple-receive mode to improve the data sampling rate and thus ensure imaging quality. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the synthetic aperture structure of a spherical array 3D imaging radar. Note that this diagram is only for demonstration purposes and does not use real data. The area formed by ABDC is the minimum synthetic array area, and the angle between CD is Indicates the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected along the azimuth, the angle between AC Indicates the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected along the pitch direction. The minimum transmission time interval of the transmitting array element is The use of a one-transmit-multiple-receive mode enables the imaging system to have high temporal resolution imaging capabilities. By switching the excitation array elements, dynamic continuous scanning of the minimum synthetic array is achieved, thereby realizing dynamic data acquisition of multiple targets.

[0083] For example, combined Figure 5A flow chart of a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The following further illustrates the three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method according to the present application by taking steps S1 to S5 as an example.

[0084] In some implementations, the embodiment of the present application may be: determining the element antenna size and the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array according to the azimuth and elevation resolutions of the spherical array, including:

[0085] Calculate the beamwidth of the spherical array element based on the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array;

[0086] Determine the size of the spherical array element according to the element beam width and the operating wavelength;

[0087] The minimum effective synthetic aperture angle is calculated based on the array element beamwidth and the close distance between the array antenna and the target.

[0088] Step S1: Determine the element antenna size and minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array.

[0089] Step S11: Calculate the basic parameters of the spherical array using formulas (1) and (2), and calculate the azimuth angular resolution of the spherical array imaging radar. and pitch angular resolution and operating frequency Calculating the beamwidth of a spherical array element and :

[0090] (1)

[0091] (2)

[0092] in represents the azimuth beamwidth of the spherical array, Indicates half the beam width in azimuth. represents the azimuth angular resolution of the spherical array, Indicates the beam width of the spherical array in elevation direction, Indicates half the beam width in elevation direction, represents the pitch angular resolution, represents the operating wavelength of the spherical imaging system, , k represents the beam width coefficient, which is related to the current distribution on the antenna aperture and is generally taken as 0.886.

[0093] Step S12: Formula (3) can be used to calculate the beam width of the spherical array element. and and calculate the size of spherical array element antenna and :

[0094] (3)

[0095] in Indicates the size of the spherical array element antenna along the azimuth direction, Indicates the size of the spherical array element antenna along the pitch direction, k It is the beam width coefficient, which is generally taken as 0.886. The transmitting array element and the receiving array element of the spherical array antenna are generally the same size.

[0096] Step S13: Calculate the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle based on the element beam width obtained in step S11 and , and array antenna target close range , calculate the shortest effective synthetic array size by formula (4):

[0097] (4)

[0098] represents the shortest effective synthetic array size along the azimuth direction, represents the shortest effective synthetic array size along the pitch direction, then the minimum effective synthetic aperture angles of the spherical array along the azimuth and along the pitch direction are:

[0099] (5)

[0100] represents the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array along the azimuth direction, Indicates the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle along the pitch direction.

[0101] Based on step S1 of the embodiment, the present application may further include step S2.

[0102] Step S2: Determine the minimum spacing angle between adjacent element centers of the spherical array.

[0103] Step S21: Calculate the minimum distance between adjacent element centers of the spherical array :

[0104] According to the Nyquist sampling theorem, in order to avoid the appearance of grating lobes in the array pattern, the spacing d between adjacent array elements is generally less than half the wavelength, that is, , where d represents the straight-line distance between the center of the array antenna aperture, represents the operating wavelength of the spherical imaging system. In the actual assembly of the antenna, a certain gap needs to be left between the array elements. On the one hand, it is convenient for the installation of the antenna, and on the other hand, it can effectively reduce the coupling effect between the antennas. The distance between the two array elements is calculated by formula (6):

[0105] (6)

[0106] Indicates the spacing factor, generally , Indicates the antenna assembly clearance along the azimuth direction. Indicates the antenna engineering assembly clearance along the pitch direction;

[0107] According to formula (7), the distance between the array element and the aperture is calculated as:

[0108] (7)

[0109] in Indicates the distance from the antenna element aperture in azimuth. Indicates the distance from the antenna element aperture in the elevation direction.

[0110] Step S22: Using formula (8), the minimum spacing angle between adjacent array element centers can be calculated as:

[0111] (8)

[0112] In the formula Indicates the minimum spacing angle between adjacent array element centers along the azimuth direction, It represents the minimum spacing angle between the centers of adjacent array elements in the pitch direction, and R represents the radius of the spherical array.

[0113] Based on step S2 of the embodiment, the present application may further include step S3.

[0114] Step S3: Calculate the minimum synthetic array parameters in the three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method, and determine the total number of minimum synthetic array transceiver elements and the minimum synthetic array size of the imaging system based on the minimum synthetic aperture angle and the minimum spacing angle between the centers of adjacent antenna elements.

[0115] Step S31: Calculate the number of transmitting and receiving elements in the synthetic array along the azimuth and elevation directions based on the minimum effective synthetic aperture angles in the azimuth and elevation directions and the minimum angle between the elevation and azimuth antenna element centers. Calculate the number of transmitting elements using formula (9):

[0116] (9)

[0117] Indicates the number of transmitting elements along the azimuth direction, Indicates the number of array elements transmitting along the pitch direction, and Respectively represent the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle in azimuth and elevation, mathematical calculation symbols The number of receiving elements in the minimum composite array along the azimuth and elevation directions can be calculated using the following formula:

[0118] (10)

[0119] and Respectively represent the number of receiving elements in the minimum synthetic array along the azimuth and elevation directions, and the mathematical calculation symbols Denotes the rounding function. According to the number of transmitting and receiving elements in the azimuth and elevation directions of the minimum synthetic array, the total number of transmitting and receiving elements in the azimuth and elevation directions is calculated using formula (11): and for:

[0120] (11)

[0121] In the formula Indicates the total number of transmitting and receiving elements of the one-dimensional minimum synthetic array antenna along the azimuth direction, Indicates the total number of transmitting and receiving elements in the one-dimensional minimum synthetic array along the pitch direction.

[0122] Step S32: Based on the actual minimum spacing angle between adjacent array element centers and The actual minimum synthetic aperture angle after correction is calculated based on the total number of transmitting and receiving elements of the spherical array in azimuth and elevation directions:

[0123] (12)

[0124] in, represents the corrected minimum synthetic aperture angle along the azimuth direction, Denotes the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected in the elevation direction. The minimum synthetic array size is determined according to formula (13), which is determined based on the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected in azimuth, the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected in elevation, and the spherical array radius:

[0125] (13)

[0126] and represent the minimum synthetic array size corrected in azimuth and elevation, respectively. Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a minimum synthetic array antenna according to the layout of the present invention, wherein a plurality of transmitting elements are located at four positions of the minimum synthetic array, and a plurality of receiving elements are distributed over the entire curved surface. The transmitting and receiving elements can be interchanged.

[0127] This application may further include step S4 based on step S3 of the embodiment.

[0128] Step S4: The array element arrangement range is as follows Figure 3 The spherical array imaging antenna layout diagram shown in the figure is arranged in all directions at 360° in azimuth and up to 270° in elevation. Indicates the The azimuth angle of the array element, Indicates the On the basis of ensuring the imaging quality, in order to more flexibly improve the degree of freedom of distribution between array elements and meet the minimum spacing limit of adjacent array elements, the distribution of spherical array elements is divided.

[0129] For example, Figure 4 The spherical array oyz section diagram of the embodiment of the present application is shown, with equal intervals of angles along the Z axis. Split the arc into several parts. The circular ring with radius is divided into latitude arc 1, latitude arc 2, ... latitude arc M.

[0130] The number of arcs M on the sphere can be calculated using formula (14):

[0131] (14)

[0132] Where: represents the floor function; R represents the radius of the sphere; Indicates the angle between the minimum spacing between array elements along the pitch direction and the center of the sphere.

[0133] in is the radius of the i-th latitude arc;

[0134] (15);

[0135] The perimeter of the i-th latitude arc is: (16);

[0136] It is the angle between the centers of the two latitude arcs, that is, the angle between the centers of the adjacent array elements in pitch and elevation.

[0137] Calculated by formula (17) i The total number of array elements on the latitude arc for:

[0138] (17)

[0139] That is, the total number of spherical array antenna elements is:

[0140] ; (18)

[0141] According to the minimum effective synthetic aperture size in azimuth Determine the number of transmitting array elements;

[0142] ; (19)

[0143] Indicates the The number of transmitting array elements in each latitude arc, Indicates that the data is rounded off, such as or ;

[0144] ; (20)

[0145] Indicates the The number of receiving array elements in each latitude arc;

[0146] The total number of transmitting elements of the three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna is :

[0147] ; (twenty one)

[0148] Indicates the number of transmitting array elements in the first latitude arc, Indicates the Number of transmitting array elements per latitude arc;

[0149] The total number of transmitting elements of the three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna is :

[0150] ;(twenty two)

[0151] Indicates the number of receiving array elements in the first latitude arc, Indicates the Number of receiving array elements per latitude arc;

[0152] ;(twenty three)

[0153] Where N represents the total number of spherical array elements, Indicates the total number of transmitting elements of the spherical array antenna, Indicates the total number of receiving elements in the spherical array antenna.

[0154] Step S5: Determine the antenna scanning mode and time interval.

[0155] The spherical array antenna fully considers the limitation of antenna beam width and introduces the minimum synthetic array. Through the flexible combination of transmission and reception modes of the minimum synthetic array and the principle of one transmit and multiple receive, it can improve the sampling rate and ensure the imaging quality.

[0156] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the synthetic aperture structure of a spherical array 3D imaging radar. Note that this diagram is only for demonstration purposes and does not use real data. The area formed by ABDC is the minimum synthetic array area, and the angle between CD is Indicates the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected along the azimuth, the angle between AC Indicates the minimum synthetic aperture angle corrected along the pitch direction. The minimum transmission time interval of the transmitting array element is The use of a one-transmit-multiple-receive mode enables the imaging system to have high temporal resolution imaging capabilities. By controlling the excitation array elements, the minimum synthetic array can be moved freely on the spherical surface, thereby achieving dynamic data acquisition of multiple targets.

[0157] In some specific embodiments, the present application provides a three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout device, including one or more processing modules, configured to execute the specific implementation methods of steps S1 to S5 in the above text.

[0158] Specifically, one of the inventive concepts of the present application is to determine the array element antenna size and the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array based on at least the azimuth and elevation resolutions of the spherical array; determine the minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers based on the operating wavelength and the spherical radius; determine the minimum synthetic array element parameters and the minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array based on the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements; calculate the total number and array layout of the spherical array imaging system antennas based on the element parameters; determine the scanning mode and time interval of the imaging system, so that the spherical array antenna fully considers the limitations of the antenna beam width and introduces a minimum synthetic array. Through the flexible combination of transmission and reception modes of the minimum synthetic array and the principle of one transmit and multiple receive, the sampling rate can be improved and the imaging quality can be guaranteed.

[0159] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method are mainly implemented, including at least:

[0160] Determine the element antenna size and minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array based on the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array;

[0161] Determine the minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers based on the operating wavelength and spherical radius;

[0162] Determining minimum synthetic array element parameters and minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array according to the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements;

[0163] Calculate the total number of antennas and array arrangement of spherical array imaging system based on array element parameters;

[0164] Determine the scanning mode and time interval of the imaging system.

[0165] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and scope of protection of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna layout method, including: Determine the element antenna size and minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array based on the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array; Determine the minimum spacing between the centers of adjacent array elements based on the operating wavelength and the spherical radius; Determining the minimum synthetic array element parameters and the minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array according to the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements; Calculate the total number of antennas and array arrangement of the spherical array imaging system based on array element parameters; Determine the scanning mode and time interval of the imaging system; According to the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array, determine the element antenna size and the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array, including: Calculate the beam width of the spherical array element according to the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array; Determine the size of the spherical array element according to the element beam width and the operating wavelength; Calculate the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle based on the array element beam width and the array antenna target close distance; Calculate the beam width of the spherical array element based on the azimuth and elevation resolution of the spherical array, including: According to the azimuth angular resolution of the spherical array imaging radar and elevation angular resolution and operating frequency Calculating the beamwidth of a spherical array element and : in represents the azimuth beamwidth of the spherical array, Indicates half the beam width in azimuth. represents the azimuth angular resolution of the spherical array, represents the beam width of the spherical array in elevation direction, It indicates half the beam width in elevation direction. represents the angular resolution in elevation direction, represents the operating wavelength of the spherical imaging system, , k represents the beam width coefficient, which is related to the current distribution on the antenna aperture; The minimum effective synthetic aperture angle is calculated based on the array element beam width and the close distance of the array antenna to the target, including: According to the obtained array element beam width and , and array antenna target close range , by calculating the shortest effective resultant array size: represents the shortest effective synthetic array size along the azimuth direction, represents the shortest effective synthetic array size along the elevation direction, then the minimum effective synthetic aperture angles of the spherical array along the azimuth and elevation directions are: represents the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle of the spherical array along the azimuth direction, Indicates the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle along the pitch direction; The minimum spacing between adjacent array element centers is determined based on the operating wavelength and spherical radius, including: Calculate the minimum spacing between adjacent element centers of a spherical array ; Calculate the minimum spacing angle between adjacent array element centers; Determining the minimum synthetic array element parameters and the minimum synthetic array size of the spherical array according to the minimum spacing between adjacent array elements includes: According to the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle in azimuth and elevation and and Calculate the number of transmitting and receiving elements of the synthetic array in azimuth and elevation directions, Indicates the minimum spacing angle between the centers of adjacent array elements along the azimuth direction. Indicates the minimum spacing angle between the centers of adjacent array elements along the pitch direction; according to and The actual minimum synthetic aperture angle after correction is calculated based on the total number of transmitting and receiving elements of the spherical array in azimuth and elevation directions; in, Calculate the number of transmitting array elements: represents the number of transmitting array elements along the azimuth direction, represents the number of array elements transmitting along the pitch direction, and Respectively represent the minimum effective synthetic aperture angle in azimuth and elevation; Calculate the number of receiving elements of the minimum synthetic array in azimuth and elevation: and Respectively represent the number of receiving elements of the minimum synthetic array along the azimuth and elevation directions; Calculate the total number of transmitting and receiving elements in azimuth and elevation based on the number of transmitting and receiving elements in the minimum synthetic array in azimuth and elevation and for: In the formula It represents the total number of transmitting and receiving elements of the one-dimensional minimum synthetic array antenna along the azimuth direction. Represents the total number of transmitting and receiving elements in the one-dimensional minimum synthetic array along the pitch direction.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The spherical array element size is determined based on the element beam width and the operating wavelength, including: According to the beam width of the spherical array element and And calculate the size of spherical array element antenna and : in represents the size of the spherical array element antenna along the azimuth direction, Indicates the size of the spherical array element antenna along the pitch direction, k is the beam width coefficient. The transmitting element and receiving element of the spherical array antenna have the same size.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: Minimum synthetic aperture angle: in, represents the corrected minimum synthetic aperture angle along the azimuth direction, represents the corrected minimum synthetic aperture angle along the pitch direction; Determine the minimum synthetic array size based on the minimum corrected synthetic aperture angle in azimuth, the minimum corrected synthetic aperture angle in elevation, and the spherical array radius: and represent the minimum synthetic array size corrected in azimuth and elevation, respectively.

4. The method according to claim 3, calculating the total number of antennas and the array arrangement of the spherical array imaging system based on the array element parameters, comprises: For the three-dimensional transient imaging geological disaster monitoring radar antenna in one-transmit-multiple-receive mode, the minimum synthetic array moves in azimuth and elevation, with a full-range 360° array in azimuth and a maximum of 270° in elevation. Indicates The azimuth of the array element, Indicates The pitch angle of each array element is used to image the target at a specific location through synthetic aperture radar; where: Take the spherical array oyz section diagram, with equal intervals of angles along the Z axis Split the arc into several A circle with a radius of 1, divided into latitude arc 1 to latitude arc M; Calculate the number of arcs M on the sphere; Calculate the spherical center angle between the two latitude arcs as ; according to Determine the number of transmitting array elements; Based on the total number of spherical array elements, a microwave switch network is used to control the excitation of the corresponding elements.

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