A fixture and method for processing the mounting edges of large and small ends of special-shaped diffusers

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft engine parts processing, and in particular to a fixture and method for processing the large and small end mounting edges of a special-shaped diffuser. The fixture includes a base plate and an eccentric positioning ring arranged on the base plate; a first sink is arranged on the top surface of the eccentric positioning ring, which is used to cooperate and position with the large end mounting edge of the special-shaped diffuser to be processed; a positioning through hole is opened on the bottom surface of the first sink, which is used to cooperate and position with the stop step on the end surface of the small end mounting edge of the special-shaped diffuser to be processed; the angle α between the bottom surface of the first sink and the bottom surface of the base is equal to the angle between the center line of the large end mounting edge and the center line of the small end mounting edge; the first sink and the positioning through hole are eccentrically arranged, so that the center line of the small end mounting edge of the special-shaped diffuser to be processed coincides with the center line of the large end mounting edge when the special-shaped diffuser is clamped upright and coincides with the center line of the large end mounting edge when the special-shaped diffuser is clamped in an inverted manner, and coincides with the center line of the outer circle of the base.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft engine parts processing, and in particular to a fixture and a method for processing mounting edges of large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 The figure shows the structure diagram of the special-shaped diffuser 100, which is formed by butt welding and then polishing the small end mounting edge 101, the front cylinder 102, the bearing ring 103, the rear cylinder 104 and the large end mounting edge 105. It is difficult to ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape and position tolerance requirements of the inner and outer diameters and end faces of the large and small end mounting edges of the diffuser during positioning, assembly and butt welding of the various components of the special-shaped diffuser 100. The front cylinder 102, the bearing ring 103 and the rear cylinder 104 are thin-walled parts formed by sheet metal, and the molding error is large. After correction processing, the deformation is reduced and the accuracy of the parts is improved. Although the mutual assembly position relationship is guaranteed under the auxiliary positioning and clamping of the assembly positioning welding fixture, when the parts are separated from the clamping of the fixture, in the free state, the parts will deform to adapt to the redistribution of internal stress and maintain a new equilibrium state. Therefore, the inner diameter φD and outer diameter φd1 of the small end mounting edge 101 of the diffuser, and the small end mounting edge 101 Sufficient process allowances are reserved for the outer diameter φd of the stop step of the end face A, the end face A of the small end mounting edge 101, and the lower surface F before welding. Sufficient process allowances are also reserved for the inner diameter φD1, outer diameter φD3, end face B, and upper surface M of the large end mounting edge 105 before welding. Therefore, semi-finishing and finishing are required after welding to remove the above-mentioned allowances, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the parts and the correct assembly relationship between the special-shaped diffuser 100 and the engine and other related parts, thereby improving the manufacturing quality of the engine.

[0003] In the special-shaped diffuser 100, the center line B1 of the large-end mounting edge 105 and the center line A1 of the small-end mounting edge 101 are tilted to form an angle α, and the special-shaped diffuser 100 is a thin-walled barrel-shaped part. Specifically, the intersection of the center line B1 and the center line A1 is located at the center of the top surface of the small-end mounting edge 101, and the intersection of the center line B1 and the center line A1 is designed to be at a distance H1 from the bottom surface of the large-end mounting edge 105.

[0004] When processing the large and small end mounting edges, two sets of clamps are often used for clamping. The processing process benchmarks are not unified, resulting in the inability to ensure the angle α between the center lines of the large and small end mounting edges after processing. In addition, the clamping method of the existing clamp is to clamp or tighten on the front cylinder 102, which is prone to clamping deformation. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a clamp and method for processing the special-shaped diffuser. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixture and method for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser, aiming to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the present invention proposes a fixture for processing the large and small end mounting edges of a shaped diffuser, comprising a base plate and an eccentric positioning ring arranged on the base plate; a first sink is arranged on the top surface of the eccentric positioning ring, which is used to cooperate and position with the large end mounting edge of the shaped diffuser to be processed; a positioning through hole is opened on the bottom surface of the first sink, which is used to cooperate and position with the stop step on the end surface of the small end mounting edge of the shaped diffuser to be processed; the angle α between the bottom surface of the first sink and the bottom surface of the base plate is equal to the angle between the center line of the large end mounting edge and the center line of the small end mounting edge; the first sink and the positioning through hole are eccentrically arranged, so that the center line of the small end mounting edge of the shaped diffuser to be processed when it is clamped upright coincides with the center line of the large end mounting edge when it is clamped inverted, and coincides with the center line of the outer circle of the base plate.

[0007] Preferably, the top surface of the base plate is a slope, and the inclination angle α is equal to the angle between the center line of the large end mounting edge and the center line of the small end mounting edge; an annular boss is provided on the top surface of the base plate, and a second sinker is provided on the bottom surface of the eccentric positioning ring, and the second sinker coincides with the center line of the positioning through hole; the eccentric positioning ring is buckled on the annular boss of the base plate through the second sinker to form a transition fit.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of pressure plate assemblies are evenly distributed in a ring on the top surface of the base plate near the edge, and each pressure plate assembly includes a pressure plate, an adjusting support, a first stud and a first shoulder nut; the lower ends of the adjusting support and the first stud are threadedly connected to the base plate; the upper end of the first stud passes through the waist-shaped hole of the pressure plate and is screwed with the first shoulder nut; the upper end of the adjusting support is pressed against the groove on the bottom surface of the rear end of the pressure plate; a fixing nut is screwed on the adjusting support; the pressure plate has a variety of different length specifications.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of columns are evenly distributed in a ring on the step surface of the central stepped hole of the base plate; a pad is commonly installed on the top of all the columns, and a small-end tensioning assembly and a large-end tensioning assembly can be replaced on the pad; when the special-shaped diffuser to be processed is clamped upright, the small-end tensioning assembly is installed on the pad to tighten the inner hole surface of the small-end mounting edge; when the special-shaped diffuser to be processed is clamped inverted, the large-end tensioning assembly is installed on the pad to tighten the inner hole surface of the large-end mounting edge.

[0010] Preferably, the small-end tensioning assembly and the large-end tensioning assembly respectively include a tray, an adapter plate, a guide plate, and a main expansion block; a plurality of the main expansion blocks are distributed in a star-shaped manner on the top surface of the tray; the adapter plate is installed at the center of the bottom surface of the tray; the main expansion block includes a slide rod portion, and a conical block and an arc-shaped mounting plate respectively arranged at both ends of the slide rod portion; the guide plate is provided with a slide groove, the guide plate is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tray, and the slide rod portion of the main expansion block is slidably installed in the slide groove; a guide column is installed on the adapter plate, and the guide column passes upward through the center hole of the tray; a sliding sleeve is provided on the light rod section of the guide column A conical body is provided; a second shoulder nut is screwed on the screw section at the top of the guide column; an end cover nut is sleeved on the second shoulder nut, and the end cover nut is screwed on the threaded section at the upper end of the conical body; the inner conical surface of the conical block is in sliding contact with the outer conical surface of the conical body; an annular spring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the conical blocks of all main expansion blocks; a small end expansion block is installed on the arc-shaped mounting plate of the main expansion block on the small end tensioning assembly; a large end expansion block is installed on the arc-shaped mounting plate of the main expansion block on the large end tensioning assembly; when the small end tensioning assembly and the large end tensioning assembly are replaced and installed, the adapter plate is inserted into the center hole of the pad.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the columns is eight; second studs are screwed on the top ends of four of the columns, and the upper ends of the second studs are installed with open washers and third shoulder nuts after passing through the pallet to tighten the pallet; first eyebolts are screwed on the top ends of the other four columns, and eyebolt through holes are provided at positions on the pallet corresponding to the first eyebolts; and multiple second eyebolts are evenly distributed in an annular manner on the pallets on the small-end tensioning assembly and the large-end tensioning assembly.

[0012] Preferably, a shock-absorbing pad is sleeved on the bare rod section of the guide column, and the lower end surface of the shock-absorbing pad is bonded into the countersunk hole on the top surface of the adapter plate to reduce the vibration of the cone.

[0013] Preferably, first pull ring screws are respectively provided on the tray at both sides of the guide plate, and second pull ring screws are respectively provided on the arc-shaped mounting plate at both sides of the sliding rod portion, and tension springs are connected to the first pull ring screw and the second pull ring screw.

[0014] Preferably, an inspection hole is provided on the side wall of the first sink; a process hole is provided on the side wall of the central sink hole of the bottom plate; the axes of the inspection hole and the process hole are perpendicular to the plane where the center line of the large end mounting edge and the center line of the small end mounting edge are located, and when the special-shaped diffuser is clamped upright, the center line extension line of the inspection hole intersects with the center line of the small end mounting edge; the center line extension line of the process hole intersects with the center line of the large end mounting edge when the special-shaped diffuser is clamped upright; the vertical distance from the center of the inspection hole to the bottom surface of the first sink is designed to be L1, then the eccentricity A between the first sink and the positioning through hole is:

[0015] A = (H1-L1) × tgα;

[0016] The vertical distance from the center of the process hole to the bottom surface of the first sink is designed to be L3, then the vertical distance L and horizontal distance B between the inspection hole and the process hole are:

[0017] L=((L1+L3)-A×tgα))×cosα;

[0018] B = A × cos α + L × tg α;

[0019] Where: H1 is the design distance from the intersection of the center line of the large-end mounting edge and the center line of the small-end mounting edge on the special-shaped diffuser part to the bottom surface of the large-end mounting edge.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser, using the above-mentioned fixture, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step S1, machining the small end mounting edge: hoist the special-shaped diffuser to be processed into the fixture, so that the bottom surface of the large end mounting edge of the special-shaped diffuser to be processed abuts against the bottom surface of the first sinker, and the inner wall surface of the first sinker is used to match and position with the outer peripheral surface of the large end mounting edge, and then clamp and fix after forming a positive installation, and align with the outer circle of the bottom plate, and machine the inner diameter φD and outer diameter φd1 of the small end mounting edge, the outer diameter φd of the stop step of the end face A of the small end mounting edge, the end face A of the small end mounting edge 101, and the lower surface F;

[0022] Step S2, turning the large-end mounting edge: install the part after turning the small-end mounting edge in step S1 upside down on the fixture, so that the stop step of the end face A of the small-end mounting edge is inserted into the positioning through hole on the bottom surface of the first sinker for matching positioning, and after clamping and fixing, align with the outer circle of the base plate, and process the inner diameter φD1, outer diameter φD3, end face B, and upper surface M of the large-end mounting edge.

[0023] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) The fixture provided by the present invention is used to perform upright installation and inverted installation of the special-shaped diffuser by using the eccentrically arranged first sink and positioning through hole, so that the center line of the small end installation edge of the special-shaped diffuser to be processed when upright clamping coincides with the center line of the large end installation edge when inverted clamping, and coincides with the center line of the outer circle of the bottom plate, thereby ensuring the unity of the design datum and the process datum, reducing the difficulty of alignment and tool setting during the processing, and improving the processing accuracy; it is beneficial to ensure the angle α between the center lines of the large and small end installation edges.

[0025] (2) In the fixture provided by the present invention, a small-end tensioning assembly and a large-end tensioning assembly are replaceably installed on the pad; when the special-shaped diffuser to be processed is clamped upright, the small-end tensioning assembly is installed on the pad to tighten the inner hole surface of the small-end mounting edge; when the special-shaped diffuser to be processed is clamped inverted, the large-end tensioning assembly is installed on the pad to tighten the inner hole surface of the large-end mounting edge. During clamping, the inner hole surfaces of the large and small end mounting edges are tightened by tensioning, which increases the rigidity of the special-shaped diffuser parts during the processing and significantly improves the deformation during the processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a special-shaped diffuser;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point I in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a special-shaped diffuser to be processed being clamped upright in the fixture provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Partial view from the middle A direction;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Partial view from the middle B direction;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the big end tensioning assembly in the present invention being tightened on the inner hole surface of the big end mounting edge;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a front view of the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Rotated view in the A direction;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a front view of the eccentric positioning ring in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a partial view of the eccentric positioning ring in the present invention from above;

[0037] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main expansion block in the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0039] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tray in the present invention;

[0040] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Cross-sectional view of the middle BB;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transfer plate in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the middle column of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.17 A front view of the first pull ring screw or the second pull ring screw in the present invention;

[0044] Fig.18 It is a right side view of the first pull ring screw or the second pull ring screw in the present invention;

[0045] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock-absorbing pad in the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide column in the present invention;

[0047] Fig.21 It is a front view of the second shoulder nut in the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 22 is a top view of the second shoulder nut in the present invention;

[0049] Fig.23 It is a main cross-sectional view of the end cover nut in the present invention;

[0050] Fig.24 A top view of the end cover nut of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.25It is a main cross-sectional view of the locking nut in the present invention;

[0052] Fig.26 A top view of the locking nut of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a cone in the present invention;

[0054] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the annular spring in the present invention;

[0055] Fig.29 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide plate in the present invention;

[0056] Fig.30 for Fig.29 Cross-sectional view of CC;

[0057] Fig.31 It is a structural schematic diagram of the small end expansion block of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.32 It is a structural schematic diagram of the large end expansion block in the present invention;

[0059] Fig.33 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pad in the present invention;

[0060] Fig.34 for Fig.33 Cross-sectional view of the middle DD;

[0061] Fig.35 It is a main cross-sectional view of the pressure plate of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.36 A top view of the pressure plate of the present invention

[0063] Description of the accompanying drawings: 100, special-shaped diffuser; 101, small end mounting edge; 102, front cylinder; 103, load-bearing ring; 104, rear cylinder; 105, large end mounting edge; 1, bottom plate; 1a, annular boss; 1b, process hole; 2, eccentric positioning ring; 2a, first sinker; 2b, positioning through hole; 2c, second sinker; 2d, inspection hole; 3, pressure plate; 6, first pull ring screw; 7, second pull ring screw; 8, main expansion block; 8a, slide rod; 8b, cone block; 8c, arc-shaped mounting plate; 8d, spring accommodating groove; 9, tray; 9a, eyebolt through hole; 10, adapter plate; 11, shock-absorbing pad; 12, guide column; 12a, flange; 13, second shoulder nut; 14, end cover nut; 15. Locking nut; 16. Conical body; 17. Annular spring; 18. Guide plate; 18a. Slide; 19. Large end expansion block; 20. Small end expansion block; 21. Pad; 22. Column; 23. Angular positioning cylindrical pin; 24. Second eyebolt; 25. First screw; 26. Tension spring; 27. Cylindrical pin; 28. Second screw; 29. ​​Third screw; 30. Lifting bolt; 31. Fixing nut; 32. Adjusting support; 33. First stud; 34. First shoulder nut; 35. Fourth screw; 36. Positioning bushing; 37. Positioning pin; 38. Fifth screw; 39. Second stud; 40. Third shoulder nut; 41. Open washer; 42. Nut; 43. First eyebolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0066] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0067] Combination Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the special-shaped diffuser 100, which is formed by butt welding and then grinding the small-end mounting edge 101, the front cylinder 102, the bearing ring 103, the rear cylinder 104 and the large-end mounting edge 105. In the special-shaped diffuser 100, the center line B1 of the large-end mounting edge 105 and the center line A1 of the small-end mounting edge 101 are deflected at an angle α, and the special-shaped diffuser 100 is a thin-walled barrel-shaped part. Specifically, the intersection of the center line B1 and the center line A1 is located at the center of the top surface of the small-end mounting edge 101, and the intersection of the center line B1 and the center line A1 is designed to be at a distance H1 from the bottom surface of the large-end mounting edge 105.

[0068] Combination Figures 2 to 35 As shown, on the one hand, this embodiment provides a fixture for processing the large and small end mounting edges of a shaped diffuser, comprising a base plate 1 and an eccentric positioning ring 2 arranged on the base plate 1; a first sink 2a is arranged on the top surface of the eccentric positioning ring 2, which is used to cooperate and position with the large end mounting edge 105 of the shaped diffuser 100 to be processed; a positioning through hole 2b is opened on the bottom surface of the first sink 2a, which is used to cooperate and position with the stop step on the end surface of the small end mounting edge 101 of the shaped diffuser 100 to be processed; the angle α between the bottom surface of the first sink 2a and the bottom surface of the base plate 1 is equal to the angle between the center line of the large end mounting edge 105 and the center line of the small end mounting edge 101; the first sink 2a and the positioning through hole 2b are eccentrically arranged, so that the center line of the small end mounting edge 101 of the shaped diffuser 100 to be processed coincides with the center line of the large end mounting edge 105 when it is inverted when clamped, and coincides with the center line of the outer circle of the base plate 1. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed being clamped upright on the fixture provided in this embodiment.

[0069] In this embodiment, the top surface of the bottom plate 1 is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle is α, which is equal to the angle between the center line of the large end mounting edge 105 and the center line of the small end mounting edge 101; an annular boss 1a with an outer diameter of φDk6 is provided on the top surface of the bottom plate 1 to form an inclined stop, and a second sinker 2c with a diameter of φD3H7 is provided on the bottom surface of the eccentric positioning ring 2, and the second sinker 2c coincides with the center line of the positioning through hole 2b; the eccentric positioning ring 2 is buckled on the annular boss 1a of the bottom plate 1 through the second sinker 2c and forms a transition fit. Specifically, the eccentric positioning ring 2 and the bottom plate 1 are positioned and fastened by the angular positioning cylindrical pin 23 and the third screw 29.

[0070] A plurality of lifting bolts 30 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the bottom plate 1 to facilitate the lifting of the bottom plate 1 during the processing.

[0071] An 8-φMl threaded hole is provided on the base plate 1 for installing bolts to fix the fixture to the machine tool.

[0072] In this embodiment, a plurality of pressure plate assemblies are evenly distributed in a ring near the edge of the top surface of the bottom plate 1, and each pressure plate assembly includes a pressure plate 3, an adjustment support 32, a first stud 33 and a first shoulder nut 34; the lower ends of the adjustment support 32 and the first stud 33 are both threadedly connected to the bottom plate 1; the upper end of the first stud 33 passes through the waist-shaped hole of the pressure plate 3 and is screwed with the first shoulder nut 34; the upper end of the adjustment support 32 is pressed on the groove on the bottom surface of the tail end of the pressure plate 3; and the fixing nut 31 is screwed on the adjustment support 32. When the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed is installed upright, the pressure plate 3 is pressed against the edge plate of the large end mounting edge 105; when the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed is installed inverted, the pressure plate 3 is pressed against the edge plate of the small end mounting edge 101. Since the diameters of the small end mounting edge 101 and the large end mounting edge 105 are different, it is necessary to equip pressure plates 3 of multiple different lengths.

[0073] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of columns 22 are evenly distributed in a ring on the step surface of the central stepped hole of the base plate 1; a pad 21 is commonly installed at the top of all the columns 22, and a small-end tensioning assembly and a large-end tensioning assembly can be installed replaceably on the pad 21; when the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed is clamped upright, the small-end tensioning assembly is installed on the pad 21 to tighten the inner hole surface of the small-end mounting edge 101; when the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed is clamped inverted, the large-end tensioning assembly is installed on the pad 21 to tighten the inner hole surface of the large-end mounting edge 105.

[0074] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Fig.15 , Fig.32As shown, flange blocks are welded at both ends of the column 22, and positioning bosses are arranged on the flange blocks. Eight through holes with a diameter of φMH7 are evenly distributed on the base plate 1 and the pad 21, respectively. The positioning bosses of the flange blocks at both ends of the column 22 are respectively inserted into the through holes φMH7 of the base plate 1 and the pad 21, and are fastened by the flange edge on the flange block through the fifth screw 38.

[0075] In this embodiment, the small-end tensioning assembly and the large-end tensioning assembly respectively include a tray 9, an adapter plate 10, a guide plate 18, and a main expansion block 8; a plurality of the main expansion blocks 8 are distributed in a star-shaped manner on the top surface of the tray 9; the adapter plate 10 is installed at the center of the bottom surface of the tray 9 and fixed by screws; the main expansion block 8 includes a slide rod portion 8a, and a cone block 8b and an arc-shaped mounting plate 8c respectively arranged at both ends of the slide rod portion 8a; the guide plate 18 is provided with a slide groove 18a, the guide plate 18 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tray 9, and the slide rod portion 8a of the main expansion block 8 is slidably installed in the slide groove 1 8a; a guide column 12 is installed on the adapter plate 10, and the guide column 12 passes upward through the center holes of the adapter plate 10 and the tray 9; a conical body 16 is slidably sleeved on the bare rod section of the guide column 12; a second shoulder nut 13 is screwed on the screw rod section at the top of the guide column 12; an end cover nut 14 is sleeved on the second shoulder nut 13, and the end cover nut 14 is screwed on the threaded section at the upper end of the conical body 16; a locking nut 15 is also screwed on the threaded section at the upper end of the conical body 16, and the locking nut 15 is located below the end cover nut 14, and is used to lock the end cover nut 14 that is fitted into place. The inner conical surface of the cone segment 8b of the main expansion block 8 is in sliding contact with the outer conical surface of the cone body 16; the outer peripheral surface of the cone segments 8b of all the main expansion blocks 8 is sleeved with an annular spring 17; specifically, a spring receiving groove 8d is provided on the cone segment 8b, and the annular spring 17 is clamped on the spring receiving groove 8d of all the cone segments 8b. The small end expansion block 20 is installed on the arc-shaped mounting plate 8c of the main expansion block 8 on the small end tensioning assembly; the large end expansion block 19 is installed on the arc-shaped mounting plate 8c of the main expansion block 8 on the large end tensioning assembly; when the small end tensioning assembly is replaced and installed with the large end tensioning assembly, the adapter plate 10 is inserted into the center hole of the pad 21, that is, the adapter plate 10 with an outer diameter of φMlf7 is used to cooperate with the center hole ΦdH8 / f7 of the pad 21 for positioning.

[0076] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the small end expansion block 20 and the large end expansion block 19 are respectively fastened to the arc-shaped mounting plate 8c by using the first screw 25, and are respectively positioned by the positioning bushing 36 and the positioning pin 37. The positioning bushing 36 is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting plate 8c, and the positioning pin 37 passes through the small end expansion block 20 and the large end expansion block 19 and is inserted into the positioning bushing 36.

[0077] Combination Figure 5 , Fig.14 , Fig.19 As shown, a flange 12a is provided at the lower end of the guide column 12. When assembling the guide column 12, the upper end of the guide column 12 passes through the adapter plate 10 and the tray 9 in sequence, and then the cone 16, the second shoulder nut 13 and the end cover nut 14 are assembled in sequence; the flange 12a abuts against the countersunk hole on the lower end surface of the adapter plate 10 and is fastened by the fourth screw 35.

[0078] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the guide plate 18 is positioned and fastened to the tray 9 by means of a cylindrical pin 27 and a second screw 28 .

[0079] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the number of the columns 22 is eight; the second studs 39 are screwed on the top of four of the columns 22, and the upper ends of the second studs 39 are installed with open washers 41 and third shoulder nuts 40 after passing through the tray 9, which are used to press the tray 9; the first eyebolts 43 are screwed on the top of the other four columns 22, and eyebolt holes 9a are provided on the tray 9 at positions corresponding to the first eyebolts 43, and the diameter of the eyebolt holes 9a is larger than the maximum size of the first eyebolts 43, so that the first eyebolts 43 can pass through the eyebolt holes 9a when replacing the small-end tensioning components and the large-end tensioning components. A plurality of second eyebolts 24 are evenly distributed in an annular manner on the tray 9 on the small-end tensioning components and the large-end tensioning components. A nut 42 is screwed on the lower half of the second stud 39, and the lower end surface of the nut 42 abuts against the top surface of the column 22, which is used to prevent the second stud 39 from loosening. The first eye bolt 43 is provided to facilitate lifting the entire clamp. The second eye bolt 24 is provided to facilitate lifting the small end tensioning assembly and the large end tensioning assembly.

[0080] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, a shock-absorbing pad 11 is sleeved on the bare rod section of the guide column 12 , and the lower end surface of the shock-absorbing pad 11 is bonded into the countersunk hole on the top surface of the adapter plate 10 for shock-absorbing the cone 16 .

[0081] Combination Figure 3 As shown, first pull ring screws 6 are respectively provided on the tray 9 at both sides of the guide plate 18, and second pull ring screws 7 are respectively provided on the arc-shaped mounting plate 8c at both sides of the sliding rod portion 8a, and tension springs 26 are connected between the first pull ring screw 6 and the second pull ring screw 7.

[0082] The tightening principle of the small end tightening assembly and the large end tightening assembly is as follows: the inner conical surface of the cone segment 8b of the main expansion block 8 contacts the outer conical surface of the cone body 16. When the second shoulder nut 13 is rotated to push the cone body 16 downward, the main expansion block 8 is pushed to move outward in the radial direction until the outer cylindrical surface of the small end expansion block 20 or the large end expansion block 19 contacts the inner cylindrical surface of the small end mounting edge 101 and the large end mounting edge 105 of the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed until tightened. When it is necessary to loosen, the second shoulder nut 13 is rotated to drive the cone body 16 to move upward, and under the action of the annular spring 17, the elastic force of the tension spring 26 is overcome to drive all the main expansion blocks 8 to move inward in the radial direction. In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the tension spring 26 is to avoid the damping effect on the main expansion block 8, to avoid the main expansion block 8 from suddenly moving after receiving the radial outward force, and to avoid damage to the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed.

[0083] In this embodiment, an inspection hole 2d is provided on the side wall of the first sink 2a; a process hole 1b is provided on the side wall of the central countersunk hole of the bottom plate 1; the axes of the inspection hole 2d and the process hole 1b are both perpendicular to the plane where the center line of the large end mounting edge 105 and the center line of the small end mounting edge 101 are located, and when the special-shaped diffuser 100 is clamped upright, the center line extension line of the inspection hole 2d intersects with the center line of the small end mounting edge 101; the center line extension line of the process hole 1b intersects with the center line of the large end mounting edge 105 when the special-shaped diffuser 100 is clamped upright; the vertical distance from the center of the inspection hole 2d to the bottom surface of the first sink 2a is designed to be L1, and the eccentricity A between the first sink 2a and the positioning through hole 2b is: A=(H1-L1)×tgα;

[0084] The vertical distance from the center of the process hole 1b to the bottom surface of the first sink 2a is designed to be L3, and the vertical distance L and horizontal distance B between the inspection hole 2d and the process hole 1b are respectively:

[0085] L=((L1+L3)-A×tgα))×cosα;

[0086] B = A × cos α + L × tg α;

[0087] Wherein: H1 is the design distance from the intersection of the center line of the large end mounting edge 105 and the center line of the small end mounting edge 101 on the special-shaped diffuser 100 part to the bottom surface of the large end mounting edge 105.

[0088] By providing the inspection hole 2d and the process hole 1b, alignment and inspection are facilitated when processing the eccentric positioning ring 2 and the base plate 1.

[0089] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the angular orientation of the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed during clamping, a line is engraved on the eccentric positioning ring 2, and the line width of the engraved line is 0.5 mm and the line depth is 0.5 mm. At the same time, the engraved line is also used to facilitate the assembly of the eccentric positioning ring 2 on the base plate 1, ensuring that the angular orientation of the eccentric positioning ring 2 is correct.

[0090] On the other hand, this embodiment also provides a method for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser, using the above-mentioned fixture, and comprising the following steps:

[0091] Step S1, machining the small end mounting edge 101: hoisting the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be machined into the fixture, so that the bottom surface of the large end mounting edge 105 of the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be machined abuts against the bottom surface of the first sink 2a, and the inner wall surface of the first sink 2a and the outer peripheral surface of the large end mounting edge 105 are used for matching and positioning, and then clamped and fixed after forming a positive installation, and the outer circle of the bottom plate 1 is used for alignment, and the inner diameter φD and the outer diameter φd1 of the small end mounting edge 101, the outer diameter φd of the stop step of the end face A of the small end mounting edge 101, the end face A of the small end mounting edge 101, and the lower surface F are machined;

[0092] Step S2, turning the large-end mounting edge 105: the part after turning the small-end mounting edge 101 in step S1 is mounted upside down on the fixture, so that the stop step of the end face A of the small-end mounting edge 101 is inserted into the positioning through hole 2b on the bottom surface of the first sinker 2a for matching positioning, and after clamping and fixing, it is aligned with the outer circle of the base plate 1, and the inner diameter φD1, outer diameter φD3, end face B, and upper surface M of the large-end mounting edge 105 are processed.

[0093] Specifically, the small end mounting edge 101 of the vehicle includes the following steps:

[0094] Step S101: Install the small-end tensioning assembly on the pad 21, use the adapter plate 10 with an outer diameter of φMlf7 to cooperate with the center hole ΦdH8 / f7 of the pad 21 for positioning, and use the assembly formed by the second stud 39, the open washer 41 and the third shoulder nut 40 to clamp the tray 9, thereby tightening the small-end tensioning assembly.

[0095] Step S102: hoist the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed, with the bottom surface of the large-end mounting edge 105 of the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed against the bottom surface of the first sinker 2a, and use the inner wall surface of the first sinker 2a with a diameter of φD1H8 to cooperate with the outer peripheral surface of the large-end mounting edge 105 for positioning; tighten the first shoulder nut 34 to press the pressure plate 3 against the edge plate of the large-end mounting edge 105, so that the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed is clamped in an upright position.

[0096] Step S103: Rotate the second shoulder nut 13 to push the cone 16 downward, and push the main expansion block 8 to move outward in the radial direction until the small end expansion block 20 contacts the inner circumferential surface of the small end mounting edge 101 of the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed until it is tightened.

[0097] Step S104 : Tighten the end cover nut 14 and the locking nut 15 to lock the main expansion block 8 to prevent the small end tensioning assembly from loosening and affecting the processing quality of the special-shaped diffuser 100 .

[0098] Step S105: hoist the first lifting eye bolt 43 to hoist the clamp body with assembled parts onto the CNC vertical lathe and fix it, and use a dial indicator to align the outer circle φG of the base plate 1.

[0099] Step S106: Install the cutter and conduct trial cutting to process the inner diameter φD and outer diameter φd1 of the small end mounting edge 101, the outer diameter φd of the stop step of the end face A of the small end mounting edge 101, the end face A of the small end mounting edge 101, and the lower surface F.

[0100] Step S107: After the processing of the small end mounting edge 101 is completed, the second shoulder nut 13 is loosened, and the second shoulder nut 13 is rotated to drive the cone 16 to move upward, and under the action of the annular spring 17, the elastic force of the tension spring 26 is overcome to drive all the main expansion blocks 8 to move inward along the radial direction, so that the small end expansion block 20 is disengaged from the inner circumferential surface of the small end mounting edge 101 of the special-shaped diffuser 100;

[0101] Step S108: Loosen the third shoulder nut 40, and lift the second eye bolt 24 to remove the small-end tensioning assembly.

[0102] Step S109: loosen the first shoulder nut 34 and the pressure plate 3; remove the special-shaped diffuser 100 with the small end mounting edge 101 processed by hoisting.

[0103] The process of turning the big end mounting edge 105 includes the following steps:

[0104] Step S201: Install the big-end tensioning assembly on the pad 21, use the adapter plate 10 with an outer diameter of φMlf7 to cooperate with the center hole ΦdH8 / f7 of the pad 21 for positioning, and use the assembly formed by the second stud 39, the open washer 41 and the third shoulder nut 40 to clamp the tray 9, thereby tightening the big-end tensioning assembly.

[0105] Step S202: hoist the special-shaped diffuser 100 whose small-end mounting edge 101 has been processed, and insert the stop step on the end face A of the small-end mounting edge 101 into the positioning hole 2b on the bottom surface of the first sink 2a for matching positioning, that is, use the stop step with a diameter of φd on the end face A of the small-end mounting edge 101 and the positioning hole 2b of φD2H8 of the eccentric positioning ring 2 for positioning; tighten the first shoulder nut 34 to press the pressure plate 3 against the edge plate of the small-end mounting edge 101, so that the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed is invertedly clamped.

[0106] Step S203: Rotate the second shoulder nut 13 to push the cone 16 downward, and push the main expansion block 8 to move outward in the radial direction until the large end expansion block 19 contacts the inner circular surface of the large end mounting edge 105 of the special-shaped diffuser 100 to be processed until it is tightened.

[0107] Step S204 : Tighten the end cover nut 14 and the locking nut 15 to lock the main expansion block 8 to prevent the large end tensioning assembly from loosening and affecting the processing quality of the special-shaped diffuser 100 .

[0108] Step S205: hoist the first lifting eye bolt 43 to hoist the clamp body with assembled parts onto the CNC vertical lathe and fix it, and use a dial indicator to align the outer circle φG of the base plate 1.

[0109] Step S206 : Install the cutter, conduct trial cutting, and process the inner diameter φD1 , outer diameter φD3 , end face B, and upper surface M of the large-end mounting edge 105 .

[0110] Step S207: After the processing of the large end mounting edge 105 is completed, the second shoulder nut 13 is loosened, and the second shoulder nut 13 is rotated to drive the cone 16 to move upward, and under the action of the annular spring 17, the elastic force of the tension spring 26 is overcome to drive all the main expansion blocks 8 to move inward along the radial direction, so that the large end expansion block 19 is disengaged from the inner circumferential surface of the large end mounting edge 105 of the special-shaped diffuser 100;

[0111] Step S208: Loosen the third shoulder nut 40, and lift the second eye bolt 24 to remove the large-end tensioning assembly.

[0112] Step S209: loosen the first shoulder nut 34 and the pressure plate 3; remove the special-shaped diffuser 100 with the large end mounting edge 105 processed by hoisting.

[0113] At this point, the small end mounting edge 101 and the large end mounting edge 105 of the special-shaped diffuser have been completely processed.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser, characterized in that: It comprises a base plate (1) and an eccentric positioning ring (2) arranged on the base plate (1); A first sink (2a) is provided on the top surface of the eccentric positioning ring (2) for cooperating and positioning with the large end mounting edge (105) of the special-shaped diffuser (100) to be processed; A positioning through hole (2b) is provided on the bottom surface of the first sink (2a) for cooperating and positioning with a stop step on the end surface of the small end mounting edge (101) of the special-shaped diffuser (100) to be processed; The included angle α between the bottom surface of the first sink (2a) and the bottom surface of the bottom plate (1) is equal to the included angle between the center line of the large end mounting edge (105) and the center line of the small end mounting edge (101); The first sink (2a) and the positioning through hole (2b) are eccentrically arranged so that the center line of the small end mounting edge (101) of the irregularly shaped diffuser (100) to be processed when clamped upright coincides with the center line of the large end mounting edge (105) when clamped inverted, and coincides with the center line of the outer circle of the bottom plate (1); The top surface of the bottom plate (1) is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle α is equal to the angle between the center line of the large end mounting edge (105) and the center line of the small end mounting edge (101); an annular boss (1a) is provided on the top surface of the bottom plate (1), and a second sinker (2c) is provided on the bottom surface of the eccentric positioning ring (2), and the second sinker (2c) coincides with the center line of the positioning through hole (2b); the eccentric positioning ring (2) is buckled onto the annular boss (1a) of the bottom plate (1) through the second sinker (2c) to form a transition fit; A plurality of pressure plate assemblies are evenly distributed in an annular manner near the edge of the top surface of the bottom plate (1); A plurality of columns (22) are evenly distributed in an annular pattern on the stepped surface of the central stepped hole of the bottom plate (1); a pad (21) is commonly installed at the top ends of all the columns (22), and a small-end tensioning assembly and a large-end tensioning assembly can be replaceably installed on the pad (21); When the irregular-shaped diffuser (100) to be processed is clamped upright, the small-end tensioning assembly is installed on the backing plate (21) to tighten the inner hole surface of the small-end mounting edge (101); When the irregular-shaped diffuser (100) to be processed is clamped upside down, the large-end tensioning assembly is installed on the backing plate (21) to tighten the inner hole surface of the large-end mounting edge (105); The small-end tensioning assembly and the large-end tensioning assembly respectively comprise a tray (9), an adapter plate (10), a guide plate (18), and a main expansion block (8); a plurality of the main expansion blocks (8) are distributed in a star-shaped pattern on the top surface of the tray (9); the adapter plate (10) is installed at the center position of the bottom surface of the tray (9); The main expansion block (8) comprises a slide rod portion (8a), and a conical block (8b) and an arc-shaped mounting plate (8c) respectively arranged at both ends of the slide rod portion (8a); the guide plate (18) is provided with a slide groove (18a), the guide plate (18) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the tray (9), and the slide rod portion (8a) of the main expansion block (8) is slidably mounted in the slide groove (18a); A guide column (12) is mounted on the adapter plate (10), and the guide column (12) passes upward through the center hole of the tray (9); a conical body (16) is slidably sleeved on the bare rod section of the guide column (12); a second shoulder nut (13) is screwed on the screw rod section at the top of the guide column (12); an end cover nut (14) is sleeved on the second shoulder nut (13), and the end cover nut (14) is screwed on the threaded section at the upper end of the conical body (16); The inner conical surface of the conical block (8b) is in sliding contact with the outer conical surface of the conical body (16); the outer peripheral surfaces of the conical blocks (8b) of all the main expansion blocks (8) are collectively sleeved with an annular spring (17); A small end expansion block (20) is mounted on the arc-shaped mounting plate (8c) of the main expansion block (8) on the small end tensioning assembly; a large end expansion block (19) is mounted on the arc-shaped mounting plate (8c) of the main expansion block (8) on the large end tensioning assembly; when the small end tensioning assembly and the large end tensioning assembly are replaced and installed, the adapter plate (10) is inserted into the center hole of the pad (21); The number of the columns (22) is eight; second studs (39) are screwed onto the top ends of four of the columns (22); the upper ends of the second studs (39) pass through the tray (9) and are then fitted with open washers (41) and third shoulder nuts (40) for tightening the tray (9).

2. A fixture for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each pressure plate assembly comprises a pressure plate (3), an adjusting support (32), a first stud (33) and a first shoulder nut (34); the lower ends of the adjusting support (32) and the first stud (33) are both threadedly connected to the bottom plate (1); the upper end of the first stud (33) passes through the waist-shaped hole of the pressure plate (3) and is screwed with the first shoulder nut (34); the upper end of the adjusting support (32) is pressed against the groove on the bottom surface of the rear end of the pressure plate (3); a fixing nut (31) is screwed on the adjusting support (32); the pressure plate (3) has a plurality of different length specifications.

3. A fixture for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A first eyebolt (43) is screwed onto the top end of the other four columns (22), and an eyebolt through hole (9a) is provided on the tray (9) at a position corresponding to the first eyebolt (43); and a plurality of second eyebolts (24) are evenly distributed in an annular pattern on the tray (9) on the small-end tensioning assembly and the large-end tensioning assembly.

4. A fixture for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing pad (11) is sleeved on the bare rod section of the guide column (12), and the lower end surface of the shock-absorbing pad (11) is bonded to a countersunk hole on the top surface of the adapter plate (10) for shock-absorbing the cone (16).

5. A fixture for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: First pull-ring screws (6) are respectively arranged on the tray (9) at positions on both sides of the guide plate (18), and second pull-ring screws (7) are respectively arranged on the arc-shaped mounting plate (8c) at positions on both sides of the slide rod portion (8a), and a tension spring (26) is connected between the first pull-ring screw (6) and the second pull-ring screw (7).

6. A fixture for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An inspection hole (2d) is provided on the side wall of the first sink (2a); a process hole (1b) is provided on the side wall of the central sink hole of the bottom plate (1); the axes of the inspection hole (2d) and the process hole (1b) are both perpendicular to the plane where the center line of the large end mounting edge (105) and the center line of the small end mounting edge (101) are located, and when the special-shaped diffuser (100) is clamped upright, the extended center line of the inspection hole (2d) intersects with the center line of the small end mounting edge (101); the extended center line of the process hole (1b) intersects with the center line of the large end mounting edge (105) when the special-shaped diffuser (100) is clamped upright; the vertical distance from the center of the inspection hole (2d) to the bottom surface of the first sink (2a) is designed to be L1, and the eccentricity A between the first sink (2a) and the positioning through hole (2b) is: A = (H1-L1) × tgα; The vertical distance from the center of the process hole (1b) to the bottom surface of the first sink (2a) is designed to be L3, and the vertical distance L and horizontal distance B between the inspection hole (2d) and the process hole (1b) are respectively: L=((L1+L3)-A×tgα))×cosα; B = A × cos α + L × tg α; Wherein: H1 is the design distance from the intersection of the center line of the large end mounting edge (105) and the center line of the small end mounting edge (101) on the special-shaped diffuser (100) part to the bottom surface of the large end mounting edge (105).

7. A method for processing the mounting edges of the large and small ends of a special-shaped diffuser, characterized in that: The clamp according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, comprising the following steps: Step S1, machining the small end mounting edge (101): hoisting the special-shaped diffuser (100) to be machined into the fixture, so that the bottom surface of the large end mounting edge (105) of the special-shaped diffuser (100) to be machined abuts against the bottom surface of the first sinker (2a), using the inner wall surface of the first sinker (2a) and the outer peripheral surface of the large end mounting edge (105) to cooperate and position, forming a positive installation, and then clamping and fixing, aligning with the outer circle of the bottom plate (1), machining the inner diameter φD and outer diameter φd1 of the small end mounting edge (101), the outer diameter φd of the stop step of the end face A of the small end mounting edge (101), the end face A of the small end mounting edge (101), and the lower surface F; Step S2, turning the large-end mounting edge (105): the part after turning the small-end mounting edge (101) in step S1 is mounted upside down on a fixture, so that the stop step of the end face A of the small-end mounting edge (101) is inserted into the positioning through hole (2b) on the bottom surface of the first sink (2a) for matching positioning, and after clamping and fixing, it is aligned with the outer circle of the base plate (1), and the inner diameter φD1, outer diameter φD3, end face B, and upper surface M of the large-end mounting edge (105) are processed.

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