A device for opening and closing the lifting hole of a geotextile centrifuge plug and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for opening and closing the lifting hole of a geotextile centrifuge plug plate and its usage method. The device is entirely embedded within the plug plate and includes a gate unit, a drive unit, and a locking unit. The drive unit uses a servo motor and a worm gear reducer as the power source, connected to the gate unit via a sprocket, chain, and double rocker mechanism. This leverages the "dead-point position" characteristic of the mechanism to achieve both automatic opening and closing and clamping functions of the gate unit. The gate unit employs a translational wedge-type locking scheme at both ends. After the bolt is translated, the wedge-shaped surface of the bolt head engages and clamps, while an electromagnetic lock limits the bolt head. The bolt is then locked to the gate body via clamping pads, ensuring effective multi-point locking of long-span gates. This invention features stable driving, reliable locking, and space saving. When the gate is open, it facilitates the entry and exit of experimental models and onboard equipment. When the gate is closed, it effectively resists the periodic aerodynamic loads generated by the rotation of the geotextile centrifuge, avoiding mechanical vibration and airflow noise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical centrifuge testing technology, and particularly relates to a device for opening and closing the hoisting hole of a geotechnical centrifuge plug and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Geotechnical centrifuges are important experimental equipment for soil mechanics research. They generate simulated gravity fields by high-speed rotation and increase soil stress to make the stress and strain of the scaled-down model equal to that of the prototype and the deformation similar. They are an ideal experimental simulation method for solving complex problems in geotechnical engineering, hydraulic engineering and environmental engineering.

[0003] The plug plate is manufactured by welding steel plates and is mainly used to fill the space between the crossbeams of the main load-bearing frame of the geotextile centrifuge, providing a better aerodynamic shape for the lower surface of the upper frame and resisting the aerodynamic loads generated by the centrifuge rotation. During centrifuge model test preparation, the plug plate usually needs to be lifted from its fixed position, and the experimental model and onboard equipment are hoisted into the centrifuge chamber through the lifting holes on the plug plate. For the actual test, the plug plate is then lifted back to its original position and fixed. The plug plate hoisting operation is complex, technically challenging, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and poses safety risks, affecting the efficiency of the geotextile centrifuge test operation.

[0004] The limited internal space of the geotextile centrifuge's stopper plate makes it difficult to arrange conventional direct-drive devices such as electric cylinders and hydraulic cylinders to meet the driving force required for opening and closing the gate. This also makes it challenging to achieve an effective stroke sufficient for the gate to open beyond 90°. When closed, the gate is subjected to aerodynamic loads. To prevent disturbance, the gate must possess good rigidity while maintaining reliable locking to prevent loosening due to the cyclic action of aerodynamic loads. However, existing technology lacks an opening and closing device that can simultaneously ensure good gate rigidity and reliable locking. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the background art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device for opening and closing the hoisting hole of the plug plate of a geotextile centrifuge and a method for using it.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] I. A device for opening and closing the lifting hole of a geotextile centrifuge plug plate:

[0008] The device includes a gate unit, a drive unit, and a locking unit. The entire opening and closing device is located inside the stopper plate of the geotextile centrifuge. Both the gate unit and the drive unit are fixedly connected to the stopper plate. The drive unit is installed on the gate unit and is used to control the opening and closing state of the gate in the gate unit and to press the gate unit. The locking unit is fixedly connected to the gate unit and is used to lock the gate to the door frame in the gate unit when it is closed. A camera and an electromagnetic chuck are connected to the stopper plate. The camera is used to observe the opening and closing state of the gate in real time, and the electromagnetic chuck is used to attract the gate when it is open.

[0009] The door unit includes two opening and closing doors, a U-shaped door frame, door hinges, and a pressing pad. The outer periphery of the door frame is connected to a stop plate. The two opening and closing doors are symmetrically installed in the middle of the door frame along the width direction and are arranged along the length direction of the door frame. The long side of the opening and closing door closest to the door frame is movably connected to the upper surface of the door frame through the door hinge. The door hinge is used to install the opening and closing door on the door frame so that the opening and closing door can rotate around the central axis of the door hinge. The pressing pad is welded to the opening and closing door.

[0010] Each of the two doors is equipped with an independent drive unit, and a locking unit is connected to both ends of the door frame along its length.

[0011] The drive unit includes a servo motor, a worm gear reducer, a drive sprocket, a chain, a driven sprocket, a drive shaft, a coupling, a speed increaser, a handwheel, and a handle;

[0012] The worm gear reducer is connected to the plug plate, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the input shaft of the worm gear reducer, the driving sprocket is sleeved on the output shaft of the worm gear reducer, the driven sprocket is located directly below the driving sprocket, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a chain, the inner circumference of the driven sprocket is connected to a drive shaft, the drive shaft is connected to the plug plate through a vertical bearing, and both ends of the drive shaft are equipped with rocker mechanisms, the drive shaft drives the opening and closing door in the door unit to rotate through the rocker mechanisms;

[0013] The speed increaser is fixedly connected to the housing of the worm gear reducer. The output shaft of the speed increaser is connected to the worm tail output shaft of the worm gear reducer through a coupling. The handwheel is connected to the input shaft of the speed increaser. The handle is installed on the handwheel, which is used to manually open and close the door.

[0014] The locking unit includes a bolt and two clamping components. The bolt is arranged along the width of the door frame, and the two clamping components are respectively connected to both ends of the bolt. Each clamping component includes a lug, an electromagnetic lock, a bolt hook, an electric push rod, and a push rod support.

[0015] The bolt hook and push rod support are both fixed to the door frame of the door unit. The tail end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the push rod support. The lead screw end of the electric push rod passes through the hole in the middle of the bolt hook and is connected to the drag head. The drag heads of the two clamping components are fixedly connected to both ends of the bolt. The electromagnetic lock housing is fixedly installed on the top of the bolt hook. The electromagnetic lock is used to lock the bolt hook and the drag head.

[0016] The door hinge includes a spindle, a bushing, a self-lubricating radial spherical bearing, a bearing end cap, and a hinge seat. The hinge seat is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the door frame. The outer rings of the two self-lubricating radial spherical bearings are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the hinge seat along the length of the door frame. The two ends of the spindle are respectively connected to the inner rings of the two self-lubricating radial spherical bearings. The outer ring of the self-lubricating radial spherical bearing is also provided with an annular bearing end cap and a bushing. The bearing end cap and bushing are used to axially position the self-lubricating radial spherical bearing.

[0017] The opening and closing door has several connecting lugs on one side near the door frame, and the spindle is interference-fitted with the connecting lugs on the opening and closing door.

[0018] The rocker mechanism includes an active rocker, a connecting rod, a driven rocker, a first hinge support, a disc spring sleeve, a disc spring, a disc spring rod, a second hinge support, and a limiting pin;

[0019] The root end of the active rocker arm is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft. The root end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the end of the active rocker arm. The root end and end of the driven rocker arm are rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod and the first hinge support, respectively. The first hinge support and the second hinge support are both fixedly connected to the door. The driven rocker arm and the connecting rod are both connected to the disc spring sleeve by a pin. The end of the disc spring rod and the second hinge support are connected by a pin. The disc spring sleeve is mounted on the disc spring rod. The disc spring sleeve and the root end of the disc spring rod are connected by a limiting pin.

[0020] II. A method for opening the door of the hoisting hole of a geotextile centrifuge plug plate, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step (1): First, control the electromagnetic lock in the locking unit to unlock, so that the pin in the electromagnetic lock springs back, thereby releasing the connection between the bolt hook and the tow head in the locking unit.

[0022] Step (2): Extend the electric push rod. The electric push rod drives the bolt in the tractor and locking unit to move, so that the bolt disengages from the door unit.

[0023] Step (3): After the door bolt is disengaged from the door unit, the limit switch connected to the electric push rod is triggered. At this time, the servo motor in the control drive unit starts and drives the door to open and close.

[0024] Step (4): After the door is fully opened, the limit switch connected to the door is triggered. At this time, the servo motor is controlled to stop rotating, and the coil in the electromagnetic chuck is energized. The door body is attracted by the magnetic force of the electromagnetic chuck.

[0025] III. A method for closing the opening and closing device of the plug plate lifting hole of a geotextile centrifuge, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step (1): First, turn off the power to the electromagnetic chuck to release the attraction between the electromagnetic chuck and the door. Then, start the servo motor and drive the door to close.

[0027] Step (2): After the door is fully closed, the limit switch connected to the door is triggered, and the servo motor is stopped rotating.

[0028] Step (3): Retract the electric push rod. The electric push rod drives the tractor and the door bolt to move, so that the tractor and the door bolt hook are wedge-shaped and pressed together. At the same time, the door bolt is locked by the pressing pad on the door unit to open and close the door.

[0029] Step (4): After the door bolt is locked and the door is opened or closed, the limit switch connected to the electric push rod is triggered. At this time, the bolt in the electromagnetic lock pops out and locks the bolt hook and the tow head with the bolt.

[0030] The device, entirely embedded within a stopper plate, comprises a gate unit, a drive unit, and a locking unit. A servo motor and worm gear reducer serve as the power source, connecting the gate via a sprocket, chain, and double rocker mechanism. Utilizing the mechanism's "dead-point position" characteristic, it achieves both automatic gate opening / closing and locking functions. The gate employs a translational wedge-type locking scheme at both ends. After the bolt is translated, the wedge-shaped surface of the bolt head engages and locks, while an electromagnetic lock limits the bolt head. The bolt is then locked to the gate via a locking pad, ensuring effective locking at multiple points for long-span gates. This invention features stable drive, reliable locking, and space-saving design. It meets the requirements for emergency manual operation. When the gate is open, it facilitates the entry and exit of experimental models and onboard equipment. When closed, it effectively resists the periodic aerodynamic loads generated by the rotation of a geotextile centrifuge, preventing mechanical vibration and airflow noise.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. The present invention adopts an integrated design, which can realize the automatic opening, closing and locking of the door, facilitate the hoisting of experimental models and airborne devices, effectively resist the periodic aerodynamic load generated by the centrifuge rotation, avoid mechanical vibration and airflow whistling, and further improve the experimental operation efficiency of the centrifuge.

[0033] 2. The drive unit of this device adopts the principle of dual rocker mechanism and is embedded in the stop plate. The linkage drive saves space and has stable operation. It can make good use of the "dead point position" characteristics of the mechanism to realize the dual functions of door opening and closing and pressing.

[0034] 3. The device adopts a sliding wedge locking scheme at both ends of the door body. After the bolt is slid, the wedge-shaped surface of the bolt head is pressed into place. The electromagnetic lock limits the bolt head. The bolt locks the door body through the pressing pad, ensuring effective locking of multiple points for long-span doors.

[0035] 4. The drive unit of this device has a self-locking function to ensure the safety and reliability of the device. It is also equipped with a manual operation module to meet the function of manually opening and closing the door in case of emergencies such as unexpected power outages. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the opening and closing device;

[0037] Figure 2 This is an isometric drawing of the opening and closing device;

[0038] Figure 3 Axonometric drawing of the door unit;

[0039] Figure 4 Sectional view of door hinge;

[0040] Figure 5 Axonometric drawing of the drive unit;

[0041] Figure 6 Isometric view of the locking unit;

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Plug plate; 2. Camera; 3. Electromagnetic chuck; 4. Opening and closing device; 4.1. Door opening and closing; 4.1.1. Square tube frame; 4.1.2. Skin panel; 4.1.3. Connecting ear; 4.1.4. Door edge; 4.3. Door frame; 4.4. Door hinge; 4.4. Spindle; 4.4.1. Bushing; 4.4.2. Self-lubricating radial spherical bearing; 4.4.3. Bearing end cap; 4.4.4. Hinge seat; 4.4.5. Pressing pad; 4.5. Servo motor; 4.6. Worm gear reducer; 4.7. Drive sprocket; 4.8. Chain; 4.9. Driven sprocket; 4.10. Drive shaft; 4.11. First belt vertical bearing; 4. 4.12; Second vertical bearing 4.13; Active rocker arm 4.14; Connecting rod 4.15; Driven rocker arm 4.16; First hinge support 4.17; Disc spring sleeve 4.18; Disc spring 4.19; Disc spring rod 4.20; Second hinge support 4.21; Limit pin 4.22; Speed ​​increaser fixing seat 4.23; Coupling 4.24; Speed ​​increaser 4.25; Handwheel 4.26; Handle 4.27; Door bolt 4.28; Tractor head 4.29; Electromagnetic lock 4.30; Electromagnetic lock support 4.31; Connecting plate 4.32; Door bolt hook 4.33; Electric push rod 4.34 and push rod support 4.35. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific implementation examples. These examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0044] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the opening and closing device 4 includes a door unit, a drive unit, and a locking unit. The entire opening and closing device is located inside the stopper plate 1 of the geotextile centrifuge. The door unit and the drive unit are both fixedly connected to the stopper plate 1. The drive unit is installed on the door unit and is used to control the opening and closing state of the door 4.1 in the door unit and to press the door unit. The locking unit is fixedly connected to the door unit and is used to lock the door 4.1 to the door frame 4.3 in the door unit in the closed state. A camera 2 and an electromagnetic chuck 3 are connected to the stopper plate 1. The camera 2 is used to observe the opening and closing state of the door 4.1 in real time, and the electromagnetic chuck 3 is used to attract the door 4.1 in the open state.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the door unit includes two opening and closing doors 4.1, a U-shaped door frame 4.3, door hinges 4.4, and pressing pads 4.5. The outer circumference of the door frame 4.3 is connected to the stop plate 1. The two opening and closing doors 4.1 are symmetrically installed in the middle of the door frame 4.3 along the width direction and along the length direction of the door frame 4.3. The long side of the opening and closing door 4.1 near the door frame 4.3 is movably connected to the upper surface of the long side of the door frame 4.3 through the door hinges 4.4. The door hinges 4.4 are used to install the opening and closing doors 4.1 on the door frame 4.3 so that the opening and closing doors 4.1 can rotate around the central axis of the door hinges 4.4. The pressing pads 4.5 are welded to the square tube frame 4.1.1 of the opening and closing doors 4.1.

[0046] Each of the two opening and closing doors 4.1 is equipped with an independent drive unit, and a locking unit is connected to both ends of the door frame 4.3 along its length. The length of the door frame 4.3 is the axial direction of the door hinge 4.4.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the drive unit includes a servo motor 4.6, a worm gear reducer 4.7, a drive sprocket 4.8, a chain 4.9, a driven sprocket 4.10, a drive shaft 4.11, a coupling 4.24, a speed increaser 4.25, a handwheel 4.26, and a handle 4.27;

[0048] The worm gear reducer 4.7 is connected to the plug plate 1 by screws. The output shaft of the servo motor 4.6 is connected to the input shaft of the worm gear reducer 4.7 by a key. The driving sprocket 4.8 is sleeved on the output shaft of the worm gear reducer 4.7. The driven sprocket 4.10 is located directly below the driving sprocket 4.8. The driving sprocket 4.8 and the driven sprocket 4.10 are connected by a chain 4.9. A horizontal transmission shaft 4.11 is connected to the inner circumference of the driven sprocket 4.10. The output shaft of the worm gear reducer 4.7 is driven by the driving sprocket 4.8, the chain 4.9, the driven sprocket 4.10, and the transmission shaft 4.11. The transmission shaft 4.11 is connected to the plug plate 1 by a vertical bearing. A rocker mechanism is installed at both ends of the transmission shaft 4.11. The transmission shaft 4.11 drives the opening and closing door 4.1 in the door unit to rotate through the rocker mechanism, so as to realize the opening and closing of the opening and closing door 4.1.

[0049] Speed ​​increaser 4.25 is fixedly connected to the housing of worm gear reducer 4.7 via speed increaser mounting base 4.23. The output shaft of speed increaser 4.25 is connected to the worm tail output shaft of worm gear reducer 4.7 via coupling 4.24. Handwheel 4.26 is connected to the input shaft of speed increaser 4.25 via key. Handle 4.27 is mounted on handwheel 4.26. Handwheel 4.26 is used to manually open and close door 4.1 in door unit.

[0050] The drive unit adopts a dual-rocker mechanism design. It is used to open and close the door unit and also functions as a door unit clamping device. The inner and outer rings of the vertical bearing are connected to the drive shaft 4.11 and the stop plate 1, respectively. The vertical bearing includes a first vertical bearing 4.12 and a second vertical bearing 4.13, which are respectively located at both ends of the drive shaft 4.11. When the servo motor 4.6 fails to operate normally due to power failure or other unexpected situations, the worm gear reducer 4.7 can be manually driven by rotating the handwheel 4.26 via the handle 4.27, thereby driving the door unit to open and close. By appropriately setting the transmission ratio of the speed increaser 4.25, the number of handwheel rotations required to manually open and close the door unit can be reduced.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the locking unit includes a bolt 4.28 and two clamping components. The bolt 4.28 is arranged along the width direction of the door frame 4.3. The two clamping components are respectively connected to the two ends of the bolt 4.28. Each clamping component includes a lug 4.29, an electromagnetic lock 4.30, a bolt hook 4.33, an electric push rod 4.34, and a push rod support 4.35.

[0052] Both the bolt hook 4.33 and the push rod support 4.35 are fixed to the door frame 4.3 of the door unit with screws. The tail end of the electric push rod 4.34 is fixedly connected to the push rod support 4.35. The screw end of the electric push rod 4.34 passes through the hole in the middle of the bolt hook 4.33 and is connected to the tow head 4.29 through the connecting plate 4.32. The tow heads 4.29 of the two clamping parts are fixedly connected to the two ends of the bolt 4.28 respectively. The electric push rod 4.34 can drag the bolt 4.28 horizontally through the tow head 4.29. After the bolt 4.28 is in place, it clamps the door unit through the clamping pad 4.5. The outer shell of the electromagnetic lock 4.30 is fixedly installed on the top of the bolt hook 4.33 through the electromagnetic lock support 4.31. The electromagnetic lock 4.30 is used to lock the bolt hook 4.33 and the tow head 4.29.

[0053] The locking unit locks the opening / closing door 4.1 to the door frame 4.3 through two sets of locking units, front and rear. The contact surface between the tractor head 4.29 and the door bolt hook 4.33 is a wedge-shaped surface. The upper side of the tractor head 4.29 has a positioning hole. After the tractor head 4.29 is in place and presses against the door bolt hook 4.33, the pin of the electromagnetic lock 4.30 passes through the door bolt hook 4.33 and springs into the positioning hole, locking the tractor head 4.29 and the door bolt hook 4.33, ensuring that the door bolt 4.28 will not be horizontally displaced due to vibration.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the door hinge 4.4 includes a spindle 4.4.1, a bushing 4.4.2, a self-lubricating radial spherical bearing 4.4.3, a bearing end cap 4.4.4, and a hinge seat 4.4.5. The hinge seat 4.4.5 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the door frame 4.3. The outer rings of the two self-lubricating radial spherical bearings 4.4.3 are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the hinge seat 4.4.5 along the length of the door frame 4.3. The two ends of the spindle 4.4.1 are respectively connected to the inner rings of the two self-lubricating radial spherical bearings 4.4.3, and the inner rings of the self-lubricating radial spherical bearings 4.4.3 are transitionally fitted with the spindle 4.4.1. The outer ring of the self-lubricating radial spherical bearings 4.4.3 is also provided with an annular bearing end cap 4.4.4 and a bushing 4.4.2. The bearing end cap 4.4.4 and the bushing 4.4.2 are used to axially position the self-lubricating radial spherical bearings 4.4.3.

[0055] Several connecting lugs 4.1.3 are provided on the long side of the opening and closing door 4.1 near the door frame 4.3. The spindle 4.4.1 is interference-fitted with the connecting lugs 4.1.3 on the opening and closing door 4.1. The spindle 4.4.1 is rotated through the self-lubricating radial spherical bearing 4.4.3, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the opening and closing door 4.1.

[0056] The opening and closing door 4.1 is the object of the device's opening and closing operation and also the direct object of the indoor aerodynamic load. The opening and closing door 4.1 is mainly welded together from a square tube frame 4.1.1, a skin panel 4.1.2, connecting ears 4.1.3, and a door edge 4.1.4, ensuring the door's strength while maintaining its lightweight design. The skin panel 4.1.2 is connected to the lower surface of the square tube frame 4.1.1, and the door edge 4.1.4 is welded to the outer perimeter of the square tube frame 4.1.1. Several connecting ears 4.1.3 are installed on the long side of the door edge 4.1.4 near the door frame 4.3, and the connecting ears 4.1.3 are connected to the door hinge 4.4. The door frame 4.3 has an overall "U"-shaped structure and is directly connected to the stop plate 1. Three mounting bosses are designed on each of the left and right sides of the upper surface of the door frame 4.3, which are fixed to the door hinge seat 4.4.5 with screws. The clamping pad 4.5 is welded to the door body of the door unit as the clamping point of the locking unit, and two are arranged for each of the two opening and closing doors 4.1.

[0057] The rocker mechanism includes an active rocker 4.14, a connecting rod 4.15, a driven rocker 4.16, a first hinge support 4.17, a disc spring sleeve 4.18, a disc spring 4.19, a disc spring rod 4.20, a second hinge support 4.21, and a limiting pin 4.22;

[0058] The root end of the active rocker arm 4.14 is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft 4.11. The root end of the connecting rod 4.15 is rotatably connected to the end of the active rocker arm 4.14. The root and end ends of the rocker arm 4.16 are rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod 4.15 and the first hinge support 4.17, respectively. The first hinge support 4.17 and the second hinge support 4.21 are both fixedly connected to the square tube frame 4.1.1 of the opening and closing door 4.1. The rocker arm 4.16 and the connecting rod 4.15 are both connected to the disc spring sleeve 4.18 by a pin. The end of the disc spring rod 4.20 is connected to the second hinge support 4.21 by a pin. The disc spring 4.19 is sleeved on the disc spring rod 4.20 and is connected between the disc spring sleeve 4.18 and the disc spring rod 4.20. The disc spring sleeve 4.18 and the root end of the disc spring rod 4.20 are connected by a radially penetrating limiting pin 4.22.

[0059] The drive shaft 4.11 is arranged along the length of the door frame 4.3. The end of the drive shaft 4.11 is sequentially connected to the active rocker arm 4.14, the connecting rod 4.15, the driven rocker arm 4.16, and the first hinge support 4.17. The drive shaft 4.11 is keyed to the active rocker arm 4.14, and the active rocker arm 4.14 is connected to the connecting rod 4.15, the connecting rod 4.15 is connected to the driven rocker arm 4.16, and the driven rocker arm 4.16 is connected to the first hinge support 4.17. The first hinge support 4.17 is fixed to the door unit with screws. The drive shaft 4.11 drives the door unit to rotate through the double rocker mechanism. When the door unit is closed, the active rocker arm 4.14 and the connecting rod 4.15 are collinear. At this time, the double rocker mechanism is in the dead position, and the door unit is subjected to aerodynamic force without causing the transmission structure to move, thus achieving effective clamping of the door unit. The limit pin 4.22 and the disc spring rod 4.20 are interference-fitted with the opening. The diameter of the opening of the disc spring sleeve 4.18 is larger than the diameter of the limit pin 4.22. By reasonably selecting the stiffness of the disc spring 4.19 and setting the micro-movement distance between the disc spring sleeve 4.18 and the limit pin 4.22, a suitable pre-compression force can be provided for the door.

[0060] Both opening and closing doors 4.1 are equipped with limit switches to provide feedback on the opening and closing status of doors 4.1. Limit switches are also installed at the extension and retraction positions of the electric push rod 4.34 driving the door bolt 4.28, providing feedback on the locking and releasing status of doors 4.1. All these limit switches are connected to the control system. The worm gear reducer 4.7 features self-locking and a large reduction ratio, enabling smooth opening and closing of the door unit and ensuring safety at any rotational position. The door seams of the two opening and closing doors 4.1 adopt an overlapping structure; when the door unit is closed, the sealing strip is compressed to achieve a seal between the two doors. A sealing strip is provided on the upper surface of the door frame 4.3 near the inner ring; when the door unit is closed, the door edge structure on the door unit compresses the sealing strip, achieving a seal between the opening and closing doors 4.1 and the door frame 4.3.

[0061] The opening angle of the door 4.1 is greater than 90° to ensure the maximum net opening size for hoisting and prevent the door from falling due to its own weight in case of accident. The camera 2 is installed on the stop plate 1 to monitor the working status of the door unit in real time. The electromagnetic chuck 3 is installed on the side of the stop plate 1, with 2 on each side. When the door 4.1 is opened to the maximum angle, the coil of the electromagnetic chuck 3 is energized to provide a suction force to the door 4.1, thus providing an additional layer of safety to prevent the door from falling accidentally, on top of the self-locking function of the drive unit.

[0062] The door opening method of the opening and closing device of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0063] Step (1): First, control the electromagnetic lock 4.30 in the locking unit to unlock, so that the pin in the electromagnetic lock 4.30 springs back, thereby releasing the connection between the bolt hook 4.33 and the tow head 4.29 in the locking unit;

[0064] Step (2): Extend the electric push rod 4.34 toward the tractor head 4.29. The electric push rod 4.34 drives the tractor head 4.29 and the bolt 4.28 in the locking unit to move, so that the bolt 4.28 disengages from the door unit and the bolt 4.28 no longer presses against the pad 4.5.

[0065] Step (3): After the door bolt 4.28 is disengaged from the door unit, the limit switch connected to the electric push rod 4.34 is triggered and sends information to the control system. At this time, the control system controls the servo motor 4.6 in the drive unit to start (rotate forward) and drives the opening and closing door 4.1 to open through the servo motor 4.6.

[0066] Step (4): After the opening and closing door 4.1 is fully opened, the limit switch connected to the opening and closing door 4.1 is triggered and sends information to the control system. At this time, the control system controls the servo motor 4.6 to stop rotating, energizes the coil in the electromagnetic chuck 3, and attracts the door body of the opening and closing door 4.1 through the magnetic force of the electromagnetic chuck 3.

[0067] The closing method of the opening and closing device of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0068] Step (1): First, disconnect the power to the electromagnetic chuck 3 to release the attraction between the electromagnetic chuck 3 and the opening / closing door 4.1. Then, control the servo motor 4.6 to start (reverse) and drive the opening / closing door 4.1 to close through the servo motor 4.6.

[0069] Step (2): After the opening and closing door 4.1 is fully closed, the limit switch connected to the opening and closing door 4.1 is triggered and sends information to the control system. At this time, the control system controls the servo motor 4.6 to stop rotating.

[0070] Step (3): Retract the electric push rod 4.34 away from the tractor head 4.29. The electric push rod 4.34 drives the tractor head 4.29 and the door bolt 4.28 to move, so that the tractor head 4.29 and the door bolt hook 4.33 are wedge-shaped and pressed together. At the same time, the door bolt 4.28 locks the opening and closing door 4.1 through the pressing pad 4.5 on the door unit.

[0071] Step (4): After the door bolt 4.28 locks the door 4.1, the limit switch connected to the electric push rod 4.34 is triggered and sends information to the control system. At this time, the control system controls the pin in the electromagnetic lock 4.30 to pop out and uses the pin to lock the door bolt hook 4.33 and the tow head 4.29.

[0072] The above are merely implementation examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention without creative effort are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for opening and closing the lifting hole of a geotextile centrifuge plug plate, characterized in that: The device includes a door unit, a drive unit, and a locking unit. The opening and closing device is located inside the plug plate (1) of the geotechnical centrifuge. The door unit and the drive unit are fixedly connected to the plug plate (1). The drive unit is installed on the door unit and is used to control the opening and closing state of the door (4.1) in the door unit and to press the door unit. The locking unit is fixedly connected to the door unit. The locking unit is used to lock the door (4.1) to the door frame (4.3) in the door unit in the closed state. A camera (2) and an electromagnetic chuck (3) are connected to the plug plate (1). The camera (2) is used to observe the opening and closing state of the door (4.1) in real time. The electromagnetic chuck (3) is used to attract the door (4.1) in the open state. The door unit includes two opening and closing doors (4.1), a U-shaped door frame (4.3), door hinges (4.4), and pressing pads (4.5). The outer periphery of the door frame (4.3) is connected to the stop plate (1). Two opening and closing doors (4.1) are symmetrically installed in the middle of the door frame (4.3) along the width direction of the door frame (4.3), and the opening and closing doors (4.1) are set along the length direction of the door frame (4.3). The long side of the opening and closing door (4.1) near the door frame (4.3) is movably connected to the upper surface of the door frame (4.3) through the door hinge (4.4). The door hinge (4.4) is used to install the opening and closing door (4.1) on the door frame (4.3) so that the opening and closing door (4.1) can rotate around the central axis of the door hinge (4.4). The pressing pad (4.5) is welded to the opening and closing door (4.1). Each of the two opening and closing doors (4.1) is equipped with an independent drive unit, and a locking unit is connected to both ends of the door frame (4.3) along the length direction. The drive unit includes a servo motor (4.6), a worm gear reducer (4.7), a drive sprocket (4.8), a chain (4.9), a driven sprocket (4.10), a drive shaft (4.11), a coupling (4.24), a speed increaser (4.25), a handwheel (4.26), and a handle (4.27). The worm gear reducer (4.7) is connected to the plug plate (1), the output shaft of the servo motor (4.6) is connected to the input shaft of the worm gear reducer (4.7), the driving sprocket (4.8) is sleeved on the output shaft of the worm gear reducer (4.7), the driven sprocket (4.10) is located directly below the driving sprocket (4.8), the driving sprocket (4.8) and the driven sprocket (4.10) are connected by a chain (4.9), the inner circumference of the driven sprocket (4.10) is connected to the transmission shaft (4.11), the transmission shaft (4.11) is connected to the plug plate (1) through a vertical bearing, and both ends of the transmission shaft (4.11) are equipped with rocker mechanisms. The transmission shaft (4.11) drives the opening and closing door (4.1) in the door unit to rotate through the rocker mechanisms. The speed increaser (4.25) is fixedly connected to the housing of the worm gear reducer (4.7). The output shaft of the speed increaser (4.25) is connected to the worm tail output shaft of the worm gear reducer (4.7) through a coupling (4.24). The handwheel (4.26) is connected to the input shaft of the speed increaser (4.25). The handle (4.27) is mounted on the handwheel (4.26). The handwheel (4.26) is used to manually open and close the door (4.1). The locking unit includes a bolt (4.28) and two clamping components. The bolt (4.28) is arranged along the width direction of the door frame (4.3). The two clamping components are respectively connected to the two ends of the bolt (4.28). Each clamping component includes a lug (4.29), an electromagnetic lock (4.30), a bolt hook (4.33), an electric push rod (4.34), and a push rod support (4.35). The door latch hook (4.33) and push rod support (4.35) are both fixed on the door frame (4.3) of the door unit. The tail end of the electric push rod (4.34) is fixedly connected to the push rod support (4.35). The screw end of the electric push rod (4.34) passes through the hole in the middle of the door latch hook (4.33) and is connected to the tow head (4.29). The tow heads (4.29) of the two clamping components are fixedly connected to the two ends of the door latch (4.28). The outer shell of the electromagnetic lock (4.30) is fixedly installed on the top of the door latch hook (4.33). The electromagnetic lock (4.30) is used to lock the door latch hook (4.33) and the tow head (4.29).

2. The opening and closing device for the lifting hole of the plug plate of a geotextile centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door hinge (4.4) includes a spindle (4.4.1), a bushing (4.4.2), a self-lubricating radial spherical bearing (4.4.3), a bearing end cap (4.4.4), and a hinge seat (4.4.5). The hinge seat (4.4.5) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the door frame (4.3). The outer rings of the two self-lubricating radial spherical bearings (4.4.3) are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the hinge seat (4.4.5) along the length direction of the door frame (4.3). The two ends of the spindle (4.4.1) are respectively connected to the inner rings of the two self-lubricating radial spherical bearings (4.4.3). The outer ring of the self-lubricating radial spherical bearing (4.4.3) is also provided with an annular bearing end cap (4.4.4) and a bushing (4.4.2). The bearing end cap (4.4.4) and the bushing (4.4.2) are used to axially position the self-lubricating radial spherical bearing (4.4.3). The opening and closing door (4.1) has several connecting lugs on the side near the door frame (4.3). 4.1.3), the spindle (4.4.1) is interference-fitted with the connecting lug (4.1.3) on the opening and closing door (4.1).

3. The opening and closing device for the lifting hole of the plug plate of a geotextile centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rocker mechanism includes an active rocker (4.14), a connecting rod (4.15), a driven rocker (4.16), a first hinge support (4.17), a disc spring sleeve (4.18), a disc spring (4.19), a disc spring rod (4.20), a second hinge support (4.21), and a limiting pin (4.22). The root end of the active rocker arm (4.14) is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft (4.11). The root end of the connecting rod (4.15) is rotatably connected to the end of the active rocker arm (4.14). The root and end ends of the rocker arm (4.16) are rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod (4.15) and the first hinge support (4.17), respectively. Both the first hinge support (4.17) and the second hinge support (4.21) are fixed. Connected to the opening and closing door (4.1), the rocker arm (4.16) and the connecting rod (4.15) are both connected to the disc spring sleeve (4.18) by a pin. The end of the disc spring rod (4.20) and the second hinge support (4.21) are connected by a pin. The disc spring (4.19) is sleeved on the disc spring rod (4.20). The disc spring sleeve (4.18) and the root end of the disc spring rod (4.20) are connected by a limiting pin (4.22).

4. The opening method of the geotextile centrifuge plug plate hoisting hole opening and closing device as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1): First, control the electromagnetic lock (4.30) in the locking unit to unlock, so that the pin in the electromagnetic lock (4.30) springs back, thereby releasing the connection between the bolt hook (4.33) and the tow head (4.29) in the locking unit; Step (2): Extend the electric push rod (4.34), which drives the tractor (4.29) and the bolt (4.28) in the locking unit to move, so that the bolt (4.28) disengages from the door unit; Step (3): After the door bolt (4.28) is disengaged from the door unit, the limit switch connected to the electric push rod (4.34) is triggered. At this time, the servo motor (4.6) in the control drive unit starts and drives the door (4.1) to open through the servo motor (4.6). Step (4) After the opening and closing door (4.1) is fully opened, the limit switch connected to the opening and closing door (4.1) is triggered. At this time, the control servo motor (4.6) stops rotating, and the coil in the electromagnetic chuck (3) is energized. The opening and closing door (4.1) is attracted by the magnetic force of the electromagnetic chuck (3).

5. The closing method of the opening and closing device for the plug plate lifting hole of a geotextile centrifuge as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step (1): First, de-energize the electromagnetic chuck (3) to release the attraction between the electromagnetic chuck (3) and the opening / closing door (4.1). Then, start the servo motor (4.6) and drive the opening / closing door (4.1) to close. Step (2): After the opening and closing door (4.1) is fully closed, the limit switch connected to the opening and closing door (4.1) is triggered, and the servo motor (4.6) is controlled to stop rotating. Step (3): Retract the electric push rod (4.34). The electric push rod (4.34) drives the tractor (4.29) and the door bolt (4.28) to move, so that the tractor (4.29) and the door bolt hook (4.33) are wedge-shaped and pressed together. At the same time, the door bolt (4.28) locks the door opening and closing (4.1) through the pressing pad (4.5) on the door unit. After step (4) and the door bolt (4.28) is locked and the door is opened and closed (4.1), the limit switch connected to the electric push rod (4.34) is triggered. At this time, the pin in the control electromagnetic lock (4.30) pops out and locks the door bolt hook (4.33) and the tractor (4.29) with the pin.

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