An economical photovoltaic cable intelligent production and processing technology and processing system

Abstract

The present invention provides an economical intelligent production and processing technology and system for photovoltaic cables. By using Category V aluminum alloy soft conductors instead of tinned copper conductors, material costs are reduced. The insulation and sheathing materials are made of 125°C low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant cross-linked polyolefin insulation and sheathing materials instead of irradiated 125°C low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant cross-linked polyolefin insulation and sheathing materials. Steam cross-linking replaces irradiation cross-linking, reducing cross-linking costs and meeting national environmental protection development requirements. After the multi-head bundler bundles the cables, they are directly pulled to the insulation and sheathing tandem extrusion unit, completing production in a single process. This reduces turnover and improves production efficiency. This invention reduces the investment cost of photovoltaic systems, reduces the increased turnover time associated with separate operations, improves photovoltaic line production efficiency, and uses self-cross-linking materials instead of irradiation, avoiding the environmental impact of irradiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cables, relates to the processing of photovoltaic cables, and in particular to an economical intelligent production and processing technology and a processing system for photovoltaic cables. Background Art

[0002] Wires and cables are wire products used to transmit electrical (magnetic) energy, information, and achieve electromagnetic energy conversion. In a broad sense, wires and cables are also referred to as cables. In a narrow sense, cables refer to insulated cables, which can be defined as a collection of the following parts: one or more insulated cores, and their respective coatings, protective layers, and outer sheaths. Cables may also have additional uninsulated conductors. Cables are usually made up of several or several groups of conductors (at least two in each group) twisted together to form a rope-like cable. Each group of conductors is insulated from each other and is often twisted around a core. The entire cable is covered with a highly insulating covering.

[0003] Regarding photovoltaic cable production processes: Currently, the market uses tinned copper conductors, which are relatively expensive. The insulation and sheathing are made of irradiated, 125°C low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant, cross-linked polyolefin insulation and sheathing materials. After extrusion, the sheath undergoes irradiation cross-linking, requiring significant investment in irradiation equipment and stringent environmental impact assessment requirements. Most domestic manufacturers lack irradiation equipment, and outsourcing the irradiation process is expensive due to round-trip shipping costs. Furthermore, the wire bundling machine, insulation machine, and sheathing machine all operate separately before being processed into the next step, increasing turnaround time and reducing production efficiency.

[0004] For example, a photovoltaic cable processing device for solar power generation proposed in a Chinese utility model patent (publication number: CN211542284U) belongs to the field of photovoltaic cable technology and includes a box body, the upper surface of which is fixedly connected to three rollers, the outer surfaces of the three rollers are wound with the same cable, and the cable is wound on the outer surfaces of two guide rollers, which are arranged in the box body, and the upper surface of the box body is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate. The photovoltaic cable processing device for solar power generation, by providing a box body, a cooling water pump, a connecting pipe, a nozzle and a winding mechanism, the produced cable will first come into contact with the water in the box body for preliminary cooling. After the cable is soaked, the water sprayed from the annular nozzle effectively rinses the cable and effectively removes some chemical impurities attached to the cable, so that the processing device can cool and clean the cable simultaneously, thereby improving the processing efficiency and the quality of the cable, and has strong applicability.

[0005] The above patents do not solve the problem of low production efficiency caused by long turnaround time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention include:

[0007] 1. Existing photovoltaic cables use tinned copper conductors, which are relatively expensive.

[0008] 2. Some manufacturers without irradiation equipment are restricted from production due to the use of 125℃ irradiated insulation materials and irradiated sheath materials.

[0009] 3. The photovoltaic batch specifications are single, and the production equipment is operated separately, which increases the turnover time and low production efficiency.

[0010] Therefore, the present invention provides an economical intelligent production and processing technology and processing system for photovoltaic cables. The present invention reduces material costs by using Category 5 aluminum alloy soft conductors instead of tinned copper conductors; the insulation and sheath use 125°C low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cross-linked polyolefin insulation and sheath materials instead of irradiated 125°C low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cross-linked polyolefin insulation and sheath materials, and steam cross-linking instead of irradiation cross-linking reduces cross-linking costs, which meets the national environmental protection development needs; after the multi-head wire bundling machine bundles the wire, it is directly pulled to the insulation sheath series extrusion unit to complete the production in one process, which reduces turnover and improves production efficiency.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] The present invention first provides an economical intelligent production and processing technology for photovoltaic cables, which includes the following steps:

[0013] 1) Preparing a 125°C self-crosslinking low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin insulation material: mixing polyethylene, a polyethylene compatibilizer, aluminum hydroxide, kaolin, and an antioxidant, and then granulating the mixture through a twin-screw and single-screw extruder to obtain a semi-finished product A; grafting and granulating the semi-finished product A, silane, and an initiator through a twin-screw and single-screw extruder to obtain an insulation material A; adding polyethylene and a catalyst to the twin-screw extruder and granulating the mixture to obtain a material B; and extruding the obtained insulation materials A and B onto the surface of a conductor through a single-screw extruder to obtain a semi-insulated wire core semi-finished product;

[0014] 2) Preparing a 125°C self-crosslinking low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material: Banburying EVA, polyethylene, a polyethylene compatibilizer, aluminum hydroxide, an antioxidant, and an anti-ultraviolet agent, and after the banburying is completed, granulating the semi-finished product B by a twin-screw + single-screw extruder; grafting and granulating the semi-finished product B, silane, and an initiator by a twin-screw + single-screw extruder to prepare a sheath material A; adding polyethylene and a catalyst to the twin-screw extruder and granulating to obtain a B material; feeding the obtained sheath materials A and B into a single-screw extruder, and extruding the semi-insulated wire core semi-finished product obtained in step 1) as the wire core to obtain a finished photovoltaic wire;

[0015] 3) Production of finished photovoltaic cables: placing the finished photovoltaic cables obtained in step 2) outdoors for self-crosslinking or steaming the finished photovoltaic cables obtained in step 2) in a steam room for crosslinking, inspection, and storage to obtain economical photovoltaic cables;

[0016] The economical photovoltaic cable comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor formed by twisting five types of multi-strand aluminum alloys, an insulation layer and a sheath layer.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 1), the raw materials of the insulating material A are respectively calculated by weight as follows: 60-70 parts of polyethylene, 3-7 parts of polyethylene compatibilizer, 15-25 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 3-7 parts of kaolin, 1.5-2.5 parts of antioxidant, 1-1.9 parts of silane and 0.01-0.1 parts of initiator; the raw materials of the B material are respectively calculated by weight as follows: 1-2 parts of polyethylene and 0.05-0.15 parts of catalyst.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 2), the raw materials of the sheath A material are respectively calculated by weight: 25-35 parts of EVA, 8-12 parts of polyethylene, 3-7 parts of polyethylene compatibilizer, 45-55 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.1-1 part of anti-ultraviolet agent, 1-1.9 parts of silane and 0.01-0.1 parts of initiator; the raw materials of the B material are respectively calculated by weight: 1-2 parts of polyethylene and 0.05-0.15 parts of catalyst.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyethylene is selected from LLDPE or mLLDPE; and the VA content in the EVA is 18-28%.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyethylene compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and the aluminum hydroxide is silane surface-modified aluminum hydroxide.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant includes one or more combinations of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and DLTP; and the anti-ultraviolet agent includes UV531 or UV5411.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 3), the outdoor cross-linking time is 3-7 days; the cross-linking time in the steam room is 4-6 hours.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conductor is made of 5 types of multi-strand aluminum alloys twisted together, wherein the aluminum alloy has a silicon content of 0.03%-0.15%, an iron content of 0.40%-1.0%, a zinc content of no more than 0.10%, and the remainder being aluminum.

[0025] The present invention also provides an economical intelligent production and processing system for photovoltaic cables used in the above-mentioned process, which comprises, in sequence, a multi-head pay-off rack, a wire bundling machine main unit, a wire bundling machine traction machine, a vertical wire storage rack, an insulating main unit, a first water tank, an insulating horizontal wire storage rack, a sheath main unit, a second water tank and a sheath horizontal wire storage rack; the insulating main unit is provided with a main unit electronic control device, and the sheath main unit is provided with a main unit electronic control device.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1) The conductor of the present invention uses a Class V aluminum alloy soft conductor instead of a tinned copper conductor, reducing material costs. The addition of silicon to form aluminum silicide (AlSi) improves the strength, hardness, and thermal stability of the aluminum alloy. The addition of silicon also increases the fluidity of the aluminum liquid during the casting process, making it easier to form complex shapes.

[0028] 2) The insulation and sheath of the present invention use 125°C low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cross-linked polyolefin insulation and sheath materials instead of irradiated 125°C low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant cross-linked polyolefin insulation and sheath materials. Self-crosslinking or steam crosslinking replaces irradiation crosslinking, which reduces the crosslinking cost and meets the national environmental protection development needs.

[0029] 3) After the multi-head bundler of the present invention bundles the wires, it is directly pulled to the insulating sheath series extruder unit to complete the production process in one step, which reduces turnover and improves production efficiency.

[0030] 4) The present invention reduces the investment cost of the photovoltaic system, reduces the turnaround time increased by separate operation and closing, improves the production efficiency of the photovoltaic line, and uses self-crosslinking materials instead of irradiation to avoid the impact of irradiation on the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, 1. Multi-head pay-off stand; 2. Wire bundling machine main unit; 3. Wire bundling machine traction machine; 4. Vertical wire storage rack; 5. Insulation main unit; 6. First water trough; 7. Insulation horizontal wire storage rack; 8. Sheath main unit; 9. Second water trough; 10. Sheath horizontal wire storage rack; 11. Main unit electronic control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended solely to illustrate the relevant inventions and are not intended to limit the inventions. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the invention are shown in the drawings. Terms such as "first" and "second" in the present application are provided for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and do not have a specific limiting effect. They are general references and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features therein in the present application may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. Multiple technical solutions in the same embodiment, as well as multiple technical solutions in different embodiments, can be arranged and combined to form new technical solutions that do not have contradictions or conflicts, all of which are within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1 The economical intelligent photovoltaic cable production and processing system provided by the present invention comprises a multi-head pay-off 1, a main unit bundler 2, a bundler traction unit 3, a vertical accumulator 4, an insulation main unit 5, a first water tank 6, a horizontal insulation accumulator 7, a sheathing main unit 8, a second water tank 9, and a horizontal sheathing accumulator 10, all connected in sequence. The insulation main unit 5 is controlled by an independent main unit electronic control device 11, and the sheathing main unit 8 is also controlled by an independent main unit electronic control device 11. After being bundled by the main unit bundler 2, the multi-head pay-off 1 is directly pulled to the insulation main unit 5 and the sheathing main unit 8 in series extrusion unit. After the 1-meter spool is closed, it is placed outdoors for 3-7 days, depending on weather conditions, to achieve crosslinking, or steamed in a steam room for 4-6 hours for rapid crosslinking.

[0037] The economical photovoltaic cable prepared by the present invention comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor formed by twisting five types of multi-strand aluminum alloys, an insulation layer and a sheath layer.

[0038] The conductor is made of 5 types of multi-strand aluminum alloy twisted together. The silicon content of the aluminum alloy is 0.03%-0.15%, the iron content is 0.40%-1.0%, the zinc content is not more than 0.10%, and the rest is aluminum.

[0039] The present invention also provides an economical intelligent production process for photovoltaic cables using the above-mentioned processing system, the processing process comprising the following steps:

[0040] 1) Preparing a 125°C self-crosslinking low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin insulation material: mixing polyethylene, a polyethylene compatibilizer, aluminum hydroxide, kaolin, and an antioxidant, and then granulating the mixture through a twin-screw and single-screw extruder to obtain a semi-finished product A; grafting and granulating the semi-finished product A, silane, and an initiator through a twin-screw and single-screw extruder to obtain an insulation material A; adding polyethylene and a catalyst to the twin-screw extruder and granulating the mixture to obtain a material B; and extruding the obtained insulation materials A and B onto the surface of a conductor through a single-screw extruder to obtain a semi-insulated wire core semi-finished product;

[0041] The raw materials of insulation material A are respectively as follows: 60-70 parts of polyethylene, 3-7 parts of polyethylene compatibilizer, 15-25 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 3-7 parts of kaolin, 1.5-2.5 parts of antioxidant, 1-1.9 parts of silane and 0.01-0.1 parts of initiator; the raw materials of material B are respectively as follows: 1-2 parts of polyethylene and 0.05-0.15 parts of catalyst.

[0042] The insulating material A of the present invention has high resistivity, good aging resistance, excellent extrusion performance, and self-crosslinking capability; its main function is to provide high insulation performance for the entire wire.

[0043] 2) Preparing a 125°C self-crosslinking low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material: Banburying EVA, polyethylene, a polyethylene compatibilizer, aluminum hydroxide, an antioxidant, and an anti-ultraviolet agent, and after the banburying is completed, granulating the semi-finished product B by a twin-screw + single-screw extruder; grafting and granulating the semi-finished product B, silane, and an initiator by a twin-screw + single-screw extruder to prepare a sheath material A; adding polyethylene and a catalyst to the twin-screw extruder and granulating to obtain a B material; feeding the obtained sheath materials A and B into a single-screw extruder, and extruding the semi-insulated wire core semi-finished product obtained in step 1) as the wire core to obtain a finished photovoltaic wire;

[0044] The raw materials of sheath A material are respectively as follows: 25-35 parts of EVA, 8-12 parts of polyethylene, 3-7 parts of polyethylene compatibilizer, 45-55 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.1-1 parts of anti-ultraviolet agent, 1-1.9 parts of silane and 0.01-0.1 parts of initiator; the raw materials of B material are respectively as follows: 1-2 parts of polyethylene and 0.05-0.15 parts of catalyst.

[0045] The sheath material A of the present invention has high flame retardancy, a smooth extruded surface, high surface hardness, good aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance, UV resistance, and environmental resistance, and can be self-crosslinked; its main function is to provide the wire with UV resistance, mechanical damage resistance, and environmental resistance.

[0046] 3) Production of finished photovoltaic cables: placing the finished photovoltaic cables obtained in step 2) outdoors for self-crosslinking or steaming the finished photovoltaic cables obtained in step 2) in a steam room for crosslinking, inspection, and storage to obtain economical photovoltaic cables;

[0047] The economical photovoltaic cable comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor formed by twisting five types of multi-strand aluminum alloys, an insulation layer and a sheath layer.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyethylene is selected from LLDPE or mLLDPE; and the VA content in the EVA is 18-28%.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyethylene compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and the aluminum hydroxide is silane surface-modified aluminum hydroxide.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant includes one or more combinations of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and DLTP; and the anti-ultraviolet agent includes UV531 or UV5411.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step 3), the outdoor cross-linking time is 3-7 days; the cross-linking time in the steam room is 4-6 hours.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] The economical photovoltaic cable intelligent production and processing technology provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0055] (1) The material production process is as follows:

[0056] 1) Preparation of Insulation Material A (See Table 1 for specific components)

[0057] All components except silane and initiator are added to the internal mixer. After internal mixing, they are granulated into semi-finished products through twin-screw + single-screw extruders. The semi-finished product: silane: initiator are fed into the twin-screw + single-screw extruder through a loss-in-weight scale in a ratio of 97:1.45:0.05 for grafting and granulation to make a complete insulating material A.

[0058] 2) Material B: Polyethylene and organotin were fed into a twin-screw extruder at a ratio of 1.4:0.1 through a loss-in-weight scale and granulated to obtain material B.

[0059] 3) Preparation of sheath material A (see Table 1 for specific components)

[0060] All components except silane and initiator are added to the internal mixer. After internal mixing, they are granulated into semi-finished products through twin-screw + single-screw extruders. The semi-finished product: silane: initiator are fed into the twin-screw + single-screw extruder through a loss-in-weight scale in a ratio of 97:1.45:0.05 for grafting and granulation to make a complete sheath A material.

[0061] 4) Material B: Polyethylene and organotin were fed into a twin-screw extruder at a ratio of 1.4:0.1 through a loss-in-weight scale and granulated to obtain material B.

[0062] (2) Photovoltaic wire production process:

[0063] (a) Insulation layer: 98.5% of the insulation material A obtained in step (1) and 1.5% of the material B obtained in step (1) are mixed and put into a single-screw extruder to extrude into a semi-insulated wire core semi-finished product;

[0064] (b) Sheath layer: 98.5% of the sheath material A obtained in step (1) and 1.5% of the material B obtained in step (1) are mixed and put into a single-screw extruder, and the semi-finished insulated wire core is used as the wire core to extrude into a finished photovoltaic wire;

[0065] (c) Cross-linking process: After extrusion, the finished wire is placed outdoors for 3-7 days depending on weather conditions to achieve cross-linking, or it can be placed in a steam room and steamed for 4-6 hours to achieve rapid cross-linking.

[0066] Table 1. Component formula

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] The performance indicators of the economical photovoltaic cable produced by the present invention meet the following requirements:

[0070] Tensile strength and elongation at break of aluminum alloy conductor single wire: At a test temperature of 23°C, the tensile strength requirement is 98-159N / mm 2 , the elongation at break is not less than 10%.

[0071] Aluminum alloy conductor single wire bending test: test temperature 23℃, bending angle 90 degrees, and bending number of not less than 20 times.

[0072] Voltage test: AC 6.5kV / 5min without breakdown.

[0073] Long-term DC withstand test: DC 1.8kV, 240h, no insulation breakdown and no surface damage.

[0074] Ozone resistance test: 25℃, 24h, ozone concentration 250ppm, no cracks on the cable surface.

[0075] Long-term heat resistance test: When the test temperature is 145℃, 165℃ and 185℃, the temperature index at 20,000h shall not be less than 120%.

[0076] Halogen-free and low-smoke performance: pH value not less than 4.3, conductivity not more than 10μs / mm, transmittance not less than 60%.

[0077] Single-piece combustion performance: The distance between the lower edge of the upper bracket and the upper starting point of the carbonized part is greater than 50mm, and the distance between the lower edge of the upper bracket and the lower starting point of the carbonized part is not greater than 540mm.

[0078] Weather resistance and UV resistance: The test method is in accordance with Appendix E of IEC62930:2017. After 720h, the tensile strength retention rate of the sheath after aging is ≥70%, and the elongation at break retention rate is ≥70%.

[0079] Acid and alkali resistance: 1) In 0.5mol / L oxalic acid solution, 7×24h, 23℃, the change rate of tensile strength before and after aging is ≤±30%, and the elongation at break is ≥100%.

[0080] 2) In 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, 7×24h, 23℃, the change rate of tensile strength before and after aging is ≤±30%, and the elongation at break is ≥100%.

[0081] Moisture and heat resistance test: Under the condition of temperature 90℃, relative humidity 85%, test temperature 23℃, tensile speed 250mm / min, and 1000 hours, the change rate of tensile strength and elongation at break before and after aging of the sheath is not more than -30%.

[0082] The multi-head bundler of the present invention bundles the wires directly into the insulating sheath tandem extruder, completing production in a single process. This reduces turnover and improves production efficiency. This invention lowers the investment cost of photovoltaic systems, reduces the increased turnover time associated with separate operations, improves photovoltaic wire production efficiency, and uses self-crosslinking materials instead of irradiation, thus avoiding the environmental impact of irradiation.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form or substance. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and supplements without departing from the method of the present invention. These improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with this profession without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An economical photovoltaic cable intelligent production and processing technology, characterized in that: The processing technology comprises the following steps: 1) Preparing a 125°C self-crosslinking low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin insulation material: mixing polyethylene, a polyethylene compatibilizer, aluminum hydroxide, kaolin, and an antioxidant, and then granulating the mixture through a twin-screw and single-screw extruder to obtain a semi-finished product A; grafting and granulating the semi-finished product A, silane, and an initiator through a twin-screw and single-screw extruder to obtain an insulation material A; adding polyethylene and a catalyst to the twin-screw extruder and granulating the mixture to obtain a material B; and extruding the obtained insulation materials A and B onto the surface of a conductor through a single-screw extruder to obtain a semi-insulated wire core semi-finished product; 2) Preparing a 125°C self-crosslinking low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant polyolefin sheath material: Banburying EVA, polyethylene, a polyethylene compatibilizer, aluminum hydroxide, an antioxidant, and an anti-ultraviolet agent, and after the banburying is completed, granulating the semi-finished product B by a twin-screw + single-screw extruder; grafting and granulating the semi-finished product B, silane, and an initiator by a twin-screw + single-screw extruder to prepare a sheath material A; adding polyethylene and a catalyst to the twin-screw extruder and granulating to obtain a B material; feeding the obtained sheath materials A and B into a single-screw extruder, and extruding the semi-insulated wire core semi-finished product obtained in step 1) as the wire core to obtain a finished photovoltaic wire; 3) Production of finished photovoltaic cables: placing the finished photovoltaic cables obtained in step 2) outdoors for self-crosslinking or steaming the finished photovoltaic cables obtained in step 2) in a steam room for crosslinking, inspection, and storage to obtain economical photovoltaic cables; The economical photovoltaic cable comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor formed by twisting five types of multi-strand aluminum alloys, an insulation layer and a sheath layer.

2. The economical photovoltaic cable intelligent production and processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1), the raw materials of the insulating material A are respectively calculated by weight: 60-70 parts of polyethylene, 3-7 parts of polyethylene compatibilizer, 15-25 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 3-7 parts of kaolin, 1.5-2.5 parts of antioxidant, 1-1.9 parts of silane and 0.01-0.1 parts of initiator; the raw materials of the B material are respectively calculated by weight: 1-2 parts of polyethylene and 0.05-0.15 parts of catalyst.

3. The economical photovoltaic cable intelligent production and processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2), the raw materials of the sheath A material are respectively, by weight: 25-35 parts of EVA, 8-12 parts of polyethylene, 3-7 parts of polyethylene compatibilizer, 45-55 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.1-1 parts of anti-ultraviolet agent, 1-1.9 parts of silane and 0.01-0.1 parts of initiator; the raw materials of the B material are respectively, by weight: 1-2 parts of polyethylene and 0.05-0.15 parts of catalyst.

4. An economical intelligent production and processing technology for photovoltaic cables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The polyethylene is selected from LLDPE or mLLDPE; the VA content in the EVA is 18-28%.

5. An economical intelligent production and processing technology for photovoltaic cables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The polyethylene compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and the aluminum hydroxide is silane surface modified aluminum hydroxide.

6. An economical intelligent production and processing technology for photovoltaic cables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate.

7. An economical intelligent production and processing technology for photovoltaic cables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The antioxidant includes one or more combinations of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and DLTP; and the anti-ultraviolet agent includes UV531 or UV5411.

8. An economical intelligent production and processing technology for photovoltaic cables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step 3), the cross-linking time outdoors is 3-7 days; the cross-linking time in the steam room is 4-6 hours.

9. An economical intelligent production and processing technology for photovoltaic cables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The conductor is made of 5 types of multi-strand aluminum alloy twisted together. The silicon content of the aluminum alloy is 0.03%-0.15%, the iron content is 0.40%-1.0%, the zinc content is not more than 0.10%, and the rest is aluminum.

10. An economical photovoltaic cable intelligent production and processing system, characterized in that: The processing system is applied to the processing technology described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and includes, in sequence, a multi-head pay-off stand, a wire bundling machine main unit, a wire bundling machine traction machine, a vertical wire storage rack, an insulating main unit, a first water tank, an insulating horizontal wire storage rack, a sheath main unit, a second water tank and a sheath horizontal wire storage rack; the insulating main unit is provided with a main unit electronic control device, and the sheath main unit is provided with a main unit electronic control device.

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