A multifunctional testing device for testing mechanical properties of metal parts

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multifunctional test device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts, including upper die handle, upper die seat, pressure disc, punch rod, pressure ring, punch disc, lower die seat and lower die handle. Wherein pressure disc, punch rod, pressure ring are provided with two sets according to the need, one set is used for small punch test, one set is used for micro cylinder drawing test. The present application can conveniently carry out small punch test and micro cylinder drawing test, and when carrying out two different tests, only the punch rod, pressure ring, punch disc and the like need to be replaced, without disassembling and replacing the whole test device. The test device is also provided with instrument containing cavity, and displacement sensor or DIC camera is placed in the instrument containing cavity, which can collect data on the deformation or fracture pattern of the lower surface of the sample, and obtain more accurate punch displacement data and sample deformation or strain data, including photo and video materials. The pressure edge force of the pressure ring pressing the edge of the sample is adjusted and obtained by the tightening condition of the pressure disc on the lower die seat, which solves the problem that the sample pressure edge force cannot be measured in the existing small punch test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a metal component testing device, in particular to a multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal components. Background Art

[0002] The micro-barrel drawing test is a metal forming process test specifically for micro-sized parts, which is used to evaluate the drawing performance of materials at micro-scale. This test usually involves stretching a tiny piece of metal sheet into a cylindrical shape through a die and a punch to test the material's plastic deformation ability and forming limit. The micro-barrel drawing test can reveal the mechanical properties of materials such as plasticity and toughness at the microscale, which is particularly important for micro-manufacturing technology. The test results can be used to optimize the drawing process parameters, such as die design, lubrication conditions, material thickness, etc., to improve the forming quality and production efficiency of parts. For example, patent publication number CN 116519465 A discloses a schematic diagram of the working principle of a flat small punch test (i.e., a micro-barrel drawing test) and a test data processing scheme.

[0003] The small punch test is a local forming test, which is mainly used to evaluate the local plastic deformation ability and forming limit of the material. During the test, a small punch applies local pressure on the surface of the material to observe the deformation of the material, including whether cracks, wrinkles, etc. are generated. The small punch test can evaluate the forming performance of the material under local stress concentration conditions and provide a basis for the subsequent forming process design. According to the test results, parameters such as stamping speed, mold design, and material pretreatment can be adjusted to reduce forming defects and improve product quality. When developing new products or adopting new materials, the small punch test can be used as a preliminary screening tool to help engineers understand the forming potential of different materials. For example, patent publication numbers CN116558990A, CN112836307A, CN112362469A, etc. all involve small punch test devices and test data acquisition or data processing solutions.

[0004] The micro-barrel deep drawing test uses a flat punch, a larger tray recess, and a steeply chamfered edge. The small-punch test, on the other hand, uses a spherical punch, a smaller tray recess, and a shallower chamfer. Both testing methods are indispensable tools in the field of materials forming, with widespread applications in micro-nano manufacturing, precision machinery, aerospace, and other fields. These tests provide a deeper understanding of material behavior under extreme conditions, driving process innovation and improving product performance.

[0005] Currently, traditional small punch tests primarily rely on data acquisition from universal testing machines. The displacement measured is primarily that of the punch, but in reality, the punch also experiences slight deformation during the downward pressure process, which cannot accurately represent the true displacement of the specimen. Furthermore, when evaluating the serviceability of metal equipment, it is often necessary to test multiple mechanical properties of different components in different parts of the equipment. However, existing technology lacks a device that can conveniently perform micro-barrel drawing tests or small punch tests on various sheet samples. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts, which solves the technical problems that the existing small punch test cannot measure the displacement of the lower end of the punch and the existing testing device cannot take into account the small punch test or micro-cylinder drawing test on different sheet samples.

[0008] (2) Technical solution

[0009] A multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts, comprising: an upper die handle, an upper die base, a pressure plate, a punch rod, a blank holder, a punch plate, a lower die base and a lower die handle;

[0010] A through-hole is provided on the upper end surface of the upper die base; a cap end is provided on the upper end of the punch rod, the punch rod is installed in the through-hole, and the lower end of the punch rod extends out of the through-hole; the lower end surface of the upper die handle is assembled and fixed with the upper end surface of the upper die base so that the cap end of the punch rod is clamped between the upper die handle and the upper die base;

[0011] The lower die base includes a main body and a connecting part that are connected to each other. The connecting part is located above the main body. A receiving hole is provided in the middle of the connecting part. The receiving hole extends to the punching disc placement area inside the main body. The connecting part is provided with an external thread. The blank holder is placed in the receiving hole and the top of the blank holder protrudes above the receiving hole. The blank holder is a hollow cylinder with two through ends. Its internal contour matches the contour of the punch rod, so that the punch rod can move up and down in the blank holder and the bottom of the punch rod can protrude below the blank holder.

[0012] The pressure plate is a U-shaped structure, which includes a flat plate portion and a ring wall extending downward from the edge of the flat plate portion. The inner surface of the ring wall is provided with an internal thread. The pressure plate combines the internal thread of the ring wall with the external thread of the connecting portion and makes the top surface of the blank holder abut against the bottom surface of the flat plate portion, thereby fixing the blank holder in the receiving hole of the connecting portion. A through hole is provided in the middle of the flat plate portion of the pressure plate, and the through hole is connected to the interior of the blank holder. The lower end of the punch rod passes through the through hole of the pressure plate and enters the interior of the blank holder.

[0013] The punching plate is provided with a sample holding groove, a punching hole is provided in the middle of the sample holding groove, the inner diameter of the sample holding groove is adapted to the outer diameter of the lower end of the pressure ring, and the diameter of the punching hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the sample holding groove; the punching hole is a through hole and adapted to the lower end of the punch rod, and the sample holding groove is used to place the sample to be tested;

[0014] The punching plate placement area is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the lower die base, and the punching plate placement area is connected to the lower end of the receiving hole; an opening is provided on the side circumference of the lower die base, and after the punching plate is placed in the punching plate placement area through the opening, the sample receiving groove of the punching plate is aligned with the lower end of the blank holder, and the punching hole of the punching plate is aligned with the lower end of the punch rod; the degree of pressure of the lower end of the blank holder on the edge of the sample can be adjusted by tightening the pressure plate;

[0015] An axially extending measuring hole is also provided in the middle of the lower die base. The measuring hole is provided below the punching disc placement area and is aligned with the bottom of the punching disc; the instrument accommodating cavity is connected below the measuring hole, and the instrument accommodating cavity is provided in the lower die base; the bottom of the lower die base is fixed to the lower die handle combination.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the upper die handle is connected to the power output end of the testing machine, and the lower end of the lower die handle is fixed to the testing base of the testing machine. Preferably, the testing machine is a universal testing machine.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower end surface of the upper die handle is secured to the upper end surface of the upper die base using hexagonal screws; the outer contours of the pressure plate and the lower die base are designed to be regular hexagons. To reduce the effects of torque, tightening the pressure plate on the connection portion of the lower die base requires only one wrench to engage the pressure plate and one to engage the lower die base, thereby reducing torque and facilitating direct and accurate adjustment of the pressure of the blank holder against the edge of the sample within the sample receptacle.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the blank holder is provided with an outwardly extending flared edge, and the upper end of the receiving hole of the connecting portion of the lower die base is provided with a diameter-expanding portion, so that the upper end diameter of the receiving hole is larger than the lower end diameter of the receiving hole; and a gap is provided between the flared edge of the blank holder and the upper end of the receiving hole. This structural design facilitates the removal of the blank holder from the receiving hole.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressure plate is provided at the opening, which closes the opening to encapsulate the punch inserted into the punch placement area within the lower die base; an adjustment hole is provided on the pressure plate, and an adjustment rod is provided within the adjustment hole. The outer end of the adjustment rod extends to the outside of the pressure plate, and the inner end of the adjustment rod abuts against the end side of the punch. By rotating the adjustment rod, the punch can be fixed within the punch placement area to prevent displacement of the punch and sample during the punch test. Preferably, the pressure plate has a mounting hole, which is bolted to the assembly holes surrounding the opening.

[0020] According to the preferred embodiment of the present application, an exit hole is further provided on the side of the lower die holder, which is opposite to the side of the opening hole and communicates with the punch plate placement area, and a push rod is arranged in the exit hole. By operating the push rod to move in the exit hole, the punch plate in the punch plate placement area can be conveniently pushed out of the opening hole, so as to replace a new sample or punch plate to be tested.

[0021] According to the preferred embodiment of the present application, a lateral opening is provided on the side surface of the lower die holder, which communicates with the instrument accommodating cavity, so as to take out or install the displacement sensor or DIC camera or perform 3D DIC data acquisition. The lateral opening can be used to observe the deformation or cracking of the lower surface of the sample to be tested from various angles, including the lower and side directions.

[0022] According to the preferred embodiment of the present application, a pad is arranged at the bottom of the instrument accommodating cavity, which is used to support the displacement sensor or DIC camera.

[0023] According to the preferred embodiment of the present application, the top surface of the lower die handle is fixedly combined with the bottom of the lower die holder by bolts, which are preferably internal hexagonal screws. After the lower die holder is removed, the pad can be taken out or placed as required, and the sensor or DIC camera can also be directly placed on the top end surface of the lower die holder.

[0024] According to the preferred embodiment of the present application, the bottom end of the punch rod is a spherical small punch rod or a micro cylinder deep drawing punch rod with a flat bottom end. The hollow cylinder of the blank holder is adapted to the contour of the lower end of the punch rod, and the diameter of the opening hole at the bottom of the blank holder is adapted to the outer diameter of the punch head at the bottom of the punch rod. The punch plate is a small punch rod punch plate or a micro cylinder deep drawing punch plate. The inner diameter of the punch hole of the small punch rod punch plate is smaller than that of the micro cylinder deep drawing punch plate, and the arc chamfer of the punch hole of the small punch rod punch plate is smaller than that of the micro cylinder deep drawing punch plate. Preferably, the arc chamfer of the punch hole of the punch plate is 0.2 mm, and the arc chamfer of the punch hole of the micro cylinder deep drawing punch plate is 1 mm.

[0025] According to the preferred embodiment of the present application, the punch plate comprises an oblong or elliptical base plate, two groups of sample containing grooves and punch holes are arranged on the major axis of the base plate, and the sizes of the two punch holes are the same or different. In this way, two samples can be placed on one punch plate, and after the test of one sample is completed, the punch plate is taken out, the direction of loading is adjusted, and then the punch plate is loaded into the punch plate placement area for testing of the second sample.

[0026] (Three) beneficial effects

[0027] The multifunctional testing device of the present invention can conveniently carry out small punch rod tests and micro-cylinder drawing tests. When carrying out two different tests, it is only necessary to disassemble the upper die base and the upper die handle and replace the punch rod, remove the pressure plate and replace the pressure ring, take out the punch plate and replace the matching small punch rod punch plate or micro-cylinder drawing punch plate, without the need to disassemble the entire testing device.

[0028] The multifunctional testing device of the present invention is specially provided with an instrument accommodating cavity, in which a displacement sensor or a DIC camera is placed, which can collect data on the deformation or fracture morphology of the lower surface of the sample. Combined with the measurement results of the downward displacement of the punch rod by the testing machine, more accurate punch rod displacement data and sample deformation or strain data, including photos and video materials, can be obtained.

[0029] The multifunctional testing device of the present invention can adjust and obtain the blank holding force of the blank holding ring pressing the edge of the sample by the tightening condition of the pressure plate on the lower die base, thereby solving the problem that the existing small punch test cannot measure the blank holding force of the sample.

[0030] In the multifunctional testing device of the present invention, the outer contours of the pressure plate and the lower die base are designed as regular hexagons. To reduce the effects of torque, tightening the pressure plate on the connection portion of the lower die base requires only one wrench to engage the pressure plate and one to engage the lower die base. This reduces torque and facilitates direct and accurate adjustment of the pressure of the blank holder against the edge of the sample within the sample receptacle.

[0031] The multifunctional testing device of the present invention comprises a punch tray comprising two sets of sample receptacles and two punch holes, capable of holding two samples, allowing testing of both samples without the need to disassemble or install the punch rod. An exit hole and a push rod are provided on the back of the opening in the punch tray placement area, facilitating replacement of the punch tray and sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the multifunctional testing device of the present invention for conducting a small punch test.

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower die base.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the small punch and the micro-tube drawing test punch.

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blank holder for small punch test and the blank holder for micro-tube drawing test.

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the small punch test punch disc and the micro-tube deep drawing test punch disc.

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 1The assembly structure of the multifunctional testing device is shown in the following figures.

[0038] Figure 7 The assembly structure of the multifunctional testing device is shown in the following figures. Figure 1

[0039] Figure 8 The assembly structure of the multifunctional testing device is shown in the following figures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to better explain the present application, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] As shown in the following figure, the assembly structure of the multifunctional testing device is shown in the following figures. Figure 1 As shown in the following figure, the assembly structure of the multifunctional testing device is shown in the following figures.

[0043] The upper end of the upper die handle 1A is connected to the power output end of the testing machine, and the lower end of the lower die handle 1B is fixed on the testing base of the testing machine. The upper die handle 1A is driven by the power output end to move close to or away from the lower die handle 1B. Preferably, the testing machine is a universal testing machine.

[0044] A counterbore is provided on the upper end surface of the upper die holder 8, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the counterbore. The diameter of the through hole is smaller than that of the counterbore, and the through hole is used for assembling the small punch 61. The upper end of the small punch 61 is provided with a cap end 611. When the small punch 61 is installed in the through hole of the upper die assembly 8, the cap end 611 is embedded in the counterbore, so that the surface of the cap end 611 is flush with the surface of the counterbore. The lower end of the small punch 61 extends out of the through hole, and the lower end head of the small punch 61 is a punch head 614. In this embodiment, the punch head 614 is spherical in shape. After the lower end surface of the upper die handle 1A and the upper end surface of the upper die holder 8 are combined and fixed by the internal hexagonal screw 9, the cap end 611 of the small punch 61 is clamped between the upper die handle 1A and the upper die holder 8.

[0045] In combination with Figure 1 and 2 ​As shown, the lower die base 2 includes a main body portion 21 and a connecting portion 22 that are connected to each other. The connecting portion 22 is connected to the upper part of the main body portion 21, and a receiving hole 221 is provided in the middle of the connecting portion 22, and the receiving hole 221 extends to the punch placement area 23 on the inner side of the main body portion 21. The connecting portion 22 is provided with an external thread. The blank holder 51 is placed in the receiving hole 221 and the top of the blank holder 51 (the expanded edge 511) protrudes above the receiving hole 221 to facilitate the placement and removal of the blank holder 51. The blank holder 51 is a hollow cylinder with two through ends, and its internal contour matches the external contour shape of the small punch 61, so that the small punch 61 can move up and down in the blank holder 51 and the punch 614 of the small punch can protrude to the bottom of the blank holder 51. Combined with Figure 3 A and Figure 4 As shown in A, in order to cooperate with the small punch 61, the upper part of the hollow tube of the pressure ring 51 is adapted to the shape of the rod 612 below the cap end 611 of the small punch 61, the lower part of the hollow tube is adapted to the shape of the transition zone 613 below the rod 612 of the small punch, and the hole at the bottom of the hollow tube is adapted to the shape of the punch 614 below the transition zone 613, so that the punch 614 can pass through the hole at the bottom of the hollow tube to reach the bottom of the pressure ring 51.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the pressure plate 7 is a U-shaped structure, comprising a flat plate portion 71 and a ring wall 72 extending downward from the edge of the flat plate portion 71. The inner surface of the ring wall 72 is provided with an internal thread. The pressure plate 7 utilizes the internal thread of the ring wall 72 to engage with the external thread of the connecting portion 22 of the lower die base 2, so that the top surface of the blank holder 51 abuts against the bottom surface of the flat plate portion 71 of the pressure plate 7. When the pressure plate 7 is threadedly engaged with the connecting portion 22, the blank holder 51 can be fixed within the receptacle 221 of the connecting portion 22, and the degree of downward pressure on the bottom of the blank holder 51 can be adjusted by tightening the pressure plate 7. A through hole is provided in the middle of the flat plate portion 71 of the pressure plate 7, which is connected to the inner hollow cylinder of the blank holder 51. The lower end of the small punch 61 passes through the through hole of the pressure plate 7 and enters the interior of the blank holder 51. The punch tip of the small punch 61 extends below the blank holder 51.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the punching plate placement area 23 is horizontally disposed inside the lower die base 2. One end of the punching plate placement area 23 is connected to the lower end of the receiving hole 221 of the connecting portion 22. An opening 231 is provided on the side circumference of the lower die base 2, through which the punching plate 31 can be placed from the outside into the punching plate placement area 23.

[0048] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown in Figure A, the punching plate 31 is provided with a sample holding groove 310, and a punching hole 311 is provided in the middle of the sample holding groove 310. The sample holding groove 310 is a sink, and the punching hole 311 is a through hole, and the inner diameter of the punching hole 311 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sink, so that a step portion is formed between the sink and the through hole. The thin sheet-like sample 100 to be tested is placed in the sample holding groove 310, and the edge of the sample 100 to be tested is supported on the surface of the step portion, while the middle area of ​​the sample 100 to be tested is in a suspended state. The sample holding groove 310 is adapted to the outer diameter of the lower end of the pressure ring 51. When the punching plate 23 is placed in the punching plate placement area 23 of the lower die base 2 and fixed on the side, the bottom of the pressure ring 51 can just enter the sample holding groove 310 and press the edge of the sample, and the punching hole 311 is directly opposite the punch 614 extending from the hole at the bottom of the pressure ring 51. By tightening the pressure plate 7, the pressing force of the bottom end of the pressure ring 51 on the edge of the sample to be tested 100 can be adjusted. Under the action of the power output end, the small punch rod 61 moves downward compared to the lower die base 2. The punch head 614 of the small punch rod 61 continues to move downward and performs a stamping test on the sample to be tested 100 placed in the sample container 310.

[0049] An axially extending measuring hole 24 is located in the center of the lower die base 2. This hole is positioned below the punch plate placement area 23 and aligned below the punch hole 311 of the punch plate 31. Below this hole is an instrument accommodating cavity 25, also located within the main body 21 of the lower die base 2. The bottom of the lower die base 2 is secured to the lower die handle 1B.

[0050] The outer contour of the annular wall 72 of the pressure plate 7 and the outer contour of the lower die base 2 are both designed as regular hexagons. When tightening the pressure plate 7 onto the connection portion 22 of the lower die base 2, only one wrench is needed to tighten the pressure plate and the other to tighten the lower die base. This reduces torque and facilitates direct and accurate adjustment of the degree of pressure applied by the pressure plate 7 to the blank holder 51, as well as the pressure applied by the blank holder 51 to the edge of the sample 100 within the sample receptacle 310.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown in Figure A, the top of the blank holder 51 is provided with an outwardly extending flared edge 511, and the upper end of the receiving hole 221 of the connecting portion 22 of the lower die holder 2 is provided with a diameter-enlarging portion. This makes the upper end diameter of the receiving hole 221 larger than the lower end diameter of the receiving hole 221, and a gap is provided between the flared edge 511 of the blank holder 51 and the upper end of the receiving hole 221. This gap structure design allows the blank holder 51 to be easily removed from the receiving hole 221 by hand or with a tool for replacement.

[0052] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a pressing plate 12 is provided at the opening 231 of the punch placement area 23. The pressing plate 12 closes the opening 231 to encapsulate the punch 31 placed in the punch placement area 23 in the lower die base 2. An adjustment hole is provided in the middle of the pressing plate 12. An adjustment rod 4 is provided in the adjustment hole. The outer end of the adjustment rod 4 extends to the outside of the pressing plate 12, and the inner end thereof abuts against one side end of the punch 31 (see FIG. 2 ). Figure 1 By rotating the adjustment rod 4, the punch disc 31 can be fixed in the punch disc placement area 23 to prevent the punch disc 31 and the sample 100 from being displaced when the small punch rod 61 performs a punching test on the sample 100. There is a mounting hole on the pressure plate 12, and the mounting hole is connected to the assembly holes around the opening 231 by bolts. Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, an exit hole is also provided on the side of the lower die base 2. The exit hole is located on the side of the lower die base 2 opposite to the opening 231. The exit hole is connected to the punch plate placement area 23. A push rod 10 is provided in the exit hole. By operating the push rod 10 to move back and forth within the exit hole, the punch plate 31 in the punch plate placement area 23 can be conveniently pushed out of the opening 231 to facilitate replacement of a new sample 100 or punch plate 31 to be tested.

[0053] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the side surface of the lower die base 2 is provided with a lateral opening 251, which communicates with the instrument accommodating cavity 25 to facilitate the removal, placement, or installation of a displacement sensor or DIC camera. The sensing end of the displacement sensor or the lens of the DIC camera faces the measuring hole 24, through which the displacement, deformation, and crack morphology of the lower surface of the sample 100 to be tested are collected. The lateral opening 251 also allows the sensor to observe the deformation or crack morphology of the lower surface of the sample 100 to be tested from various angles (including from below and to the side), facilitating 3D DIC data acquisition. A pad 13 is provided at the bottom of the instrument accommodating cavity 25 to support the displacement sensor or DIC camera. The top surface of the lower die handle 1B is secured to the bottom of the lower die base 2 with bolts, preferably hexagon socket head screws. After the lower die base 1B is removed, the pad 13 can be removed and placed as needed, or the displacement sensor or DIC camera can be directly placed on the top end surface of the lower die base 2.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown in Figure A, the punch tray 31 comprises an oblong or elliptical base plate with two sets of sample wells 310 and punch holes 311 disposed along the long axis of the base plate. The two punch holes 310 may have the same or different dimensions, while the two sample wells 310 may be of the same size. Thus, two samples 100 to be tested can be placed on a single punch tray 31. After the small punch test of one sample 100 is completed, the punch tray 31 can be removed, re-installed into the punch tray placement area 23 after reversing its loading direction, and secured in the front-to-back direction using the adjustment rod 4 and push rod 10 before testing the second sample.

[0055] During the small punch test, the upper die handle 1A is driven downward by the power output of a testing machine (such as a universal testing machine), driving the upper die handle 1A and the upper die base 8 downward, causing the distance d between the upper grinding base 8 and the pressure plate 7 to continuously decrease. At this time, the small punch 6 moves downward, causing the punch tip 614 of the small punch 6 to contact the upper surface of the test sample 100, causing the test sample 100 to deform or even crack. A displacement sensor or DIC camera in the instrument accommodating chamber 25 measures the displacement of the lower surface of the test sample 100 through the measuring hole 24 or records the crack morphology of the test sample 100. After the small punch test is completed, the upper die handle 1A moves upward and drives the small punch 6 upward, opening the pressure plate 12. The push rod 10 is used to push the punch plate 31 out of the opening 231. The deformed test sample 100 is removed from the punch plate 31 or the punch plate 31 is placed in the punch plate placement area 23 in a different direction to perform the small punch test again.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Combine Figure 8 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 B. Figure 4 B and Figure 5 As shown in B, it is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the multifunctional test device for the micro-tube drawing test. Figure 8 As shown, it includes an upper die handle 1A, an upper die base 8, a pressure plate 7, a micro-tube drawing punch 62, a blank holder 52, a punch plate 32, a lower die base 2 and a lower die handle 1B.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, unlike Example 1, the bottom end of the micro-cylinder drawing punch 62 is flat, while the bottom end of the small punch 61 is spherical. The diameter of the punch head of the micro-cylinder drawing punch 62 is larger, while the diameter of the punch head 614 of the small punch 61 is smaller. An inclined transition surface is formed between the punch head and the shaft of the micro-cylinder drawing punch 62, while the diameter of the transition area 613 of the small punch 61 is between the punch head 614 and the shaft 612. The top end of the micro-cylinder drawing punch 62 is also provided with a cap. The cap end is also clamped between the upper die handle 1A and the upper die base 8.

[0059] like Figure 4As shown, the blank holder 52 in this embodiment is different from the blank holder 51 in Example 1. The diameter of the through hole at the bottom of the hollow cylinder of the blank holder 52 used in the micro-tube drawing test is larger, while the diameter of the through hole at the bottom of the hollow cylinder of the blank holder 51 is smaller. The internal contour of the blank holder 52 matches the contour below the cap end of the micro-tube drawing punch 62.

[0060] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 8 and Figure 5 As shown, the punching plate 32 in this embodiment has a different shape from the punching plate 31 in Example 1. The diameter of the punching hole 321 in this embodiment is larger than the diameter of the punching hole 311 in the punching plate 31. Furthermore, the arcuate chamfer of the top edge of the punching hole 321 in the punching plate 32 is larger than the arcuate chamfer of the top edge of the punching hole 311 in the punching plate 31. Preferably, the arcuate chamfer of the punching hole 311 in the punching plate 31 is 0.2 mm, while the arcuate chamfer of the punching hole 321 in the micro-cylinder drawing punching plate 32 is 1 mm.

[0061] After the small punch test of Example 1 is performed on the sample to be tested, when the micro-tube drawing test is performed, the upper die handle 1A in the multifunctional testing device can be raised until the small punch 61 is released from the pressure plate 7. The upper die base 8 and the upper die handle 1A are then disassembled, and the small punch 61 is replaced with the micro-tube drawing punch 62. The pressure plate 7 is then unscrewed from the lower die base 2, and the original blank holder 51 is replaced with the blank holder 52 for the micro-tube drawing test. The pressure plate 7 is then tightened onto the lower die base 2, and the pressure of the pressure plate 7 on the blank holder 52 is adjusted. This pressure can be considered to be equal to the pressing force (blanking force) of the blank holder 52 on the edge of the sample to be tested 200. The sample to be tested 200 is then placed in the sample holder of the punch plate 32. The punch plate 31 of Example 1 is then removed and replaced with the punch plate 32 of this embodiment, which already has the sample to be tested 200 placed therein. Finally, the power output drives the upper die handle 1A to move, pressing the barrel-drawing punch 62 downward and inserting it into the through-hole in the center of the pressure plate 7 and the hollow barrel of the blank holder 52. The upper die handle 1A is then driven downward until the barrel-drawing punch 62 contacts the sample 200 located in the punch plate 32, causing micro-barrel-drawing deformation of the sample 200. A DIC camera for observing the lower surface of the sample 200 or a displacement sensor for measuring the displacement of the lower surface of the sample 200 can also be placed in the instrument housing 25.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts, characterized in that: include: Upper die handle, upper die base, pressure plate, punch, blank holder, punch plate, lower die base and lower die handle; A through-hole is provided on the upper end surface of the upper die base; a cap end is provided on the upper end of the punch rod, the punch rod is installed in the through-hole, and the lower end of the punch rod extends out of the through-hole; the lower end surface of the upper die handle is assembled and fixed with the upper end surface of the upper die base so that the cap end of the punch rod is clamped between the upper die handle and the upper die base; The lower die base includes a main body and a connecting part that are connected to each other. The connecting part is located above the main body. A receiving hole is provided in the middle of the connecting part. The receiving hole extends to the punching disc placement area inside the main body. The connecting part is provided with an external thread. The blank holder is placed in the receiving hole and the top of the blank holder protrudes above the receiving hole. The blank holder is a hollow cylinder with two through ends. Its internal contour matches the contour of the punch rod, so that the punch rod can move up and down in the blank holder and the bottom of the punch rod can protrude below the blank holder. The pressure plate is a U-shaped structure, which includes a flat plate portion and a ring wall extending downward from the edge of the flat plate portion. The inner surface of the ring wall is provided with an internal thread. The pressure plate combines the internal thread of the ring wall with the external thread of the connecting portion and makes the top surface of the blank holder abut against the bottom surface of the flat plate portion, thereby fixing the blank holder in the receiving hole of the connecting portion. A through hole is provided in the middle of the flat plate portion of the pressure plate, and the through hole is connected to the interior of the blank holder. The lower end of the punch rod passes through the through hole of the pressure plate and enters the interior of the blank holder. The punching plate is provided with a sample holding groove, a punching hole is provided in the middle of the sample holding groove, the inner diameter of the sample holding groove is adapted to the outer diameter of the lower end of the pressure ring, and the diameter of the punching hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the sample holding groove; the punching hole is a through hole and adapted to the lower end of the punch rod, and the sample holding groove is used to place the sample to be tested; The punching plate placement area is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the lower die base, and the punching plate placement area is connected to the lower end of the receiving hole; an opening is provided on the side circumference of the lower die base, and after the punching plate is placed in the punching plate placement area through the opening, the sample receiving groove of the punching plate is aligned with the lower end of the blank holder, and the punching hole of the punching plate is aligned with the lower end of the punch rod; the degree of pressure of the lower end of the blank holder on the edge of the sample can be adjusted by tightening the pressure plate; A pressing plate is provided at the opening, and the pressing plate closes the opening to encapsulate the punch disk loaded in the punch disk placement area in the lower die base; an adjustment hole is provided on the pressing plate, and an adjustment rod is provided in the adjustment hole, the outer end of the adjustment rod extends to the outside of the pressing plate, and the inner end of the adjustment rod abuts against the end side surface of the punch disk; an exit hole is also provided on the side surface of the lower die base, the exit hole is provided on the side surface of the lower die base and on the side opposite to the opening, the exit hole is communicated with the punch disk placement area, and a push rod is provided in the exit hole; An axially extending measuring hole is also provided in the middle of the lower die base. The measuring hole is provided below the punching disc placement area and is aligned with the bottom of the punching disc; the instrument accommodating cavity is connected below the measuring hole, and the instrument accommodating cavity is provided in the lower die base; the bottom of the lower die base is fixed to the lower die handle combination; the side circumference of the lower die base is provided with a lateral opening, and the lateral opening is connected to the instrument accommodating cavity.

2. The multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the upper die handle is connected to the power output end of the testing machine; the lower end of the lower die handle is fixed on the testing base of the testing machine.

3. The multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the upper die handle and the upper end surface of the upper die base are assembled and fixed by using hexagonal screws; the outer contours of the pressure plate and the lower die base are set to be regular hexagons.

4. The multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pressure ring is provided with an outwardly extending expanded edge, and the upper end of the receiving hole of the connecting part of the lower mold base is provided with an expanded portion, so that the upper end diameter of the receiving hole is larger than the lower end diameter of the receiving hole; a distance is provided between the expanded edge of the pressure ring and the upper end of the receiving hole.

5. The multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pad is provided at the bottom of the instrument accommodating cavity, and the pad is used to support the displacement sensor or the DIC camera; or no pad is provided, and the sensor or the DIC camera is placed on the top end surface of the lower mold base.

6. The multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the punch rod is a small punch rod with a spherical surface or a micro-cylinder drawing punch rod with a flat bottom end; the hollow cylinder of the pressure ring is adapted to the contour of the lower end of the punch rod, and the diameter of the opening at the bottom of the pressure ring is adapted to the outer diameter of the punch at the bottom of the punch rod; the punch disk is a small punch rod punch disk or a micro-cylinder drawing punch disk, the inner diameter of the punching of the small punch rod punch disk is smaller than the inner diameter of the punching of the micro-cylinder drawing punch disk, and the arc chamfer of the punching of the small punch rod punch disk is smaller than the arc chamfer of the punching of the micro-cylinder drawing punch disk.

7. The multifunctional testing device for testing the mechanical properties of metal parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The punching plate comprises an oblong or elliptical base plate, and two groups of sample holding slots and punching holes are arranged on the long axis of the base plate. The sizes of the two punching holes are the same or different.

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