A transformer fire extinguishing device capable of quickly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil

Abstract

The application discloses a transformer fire extinguishing device capable of quickly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil, which comprises an explosion-proof cabinet body, a transformer main body and an oil storage tank installed on the transformer main body, the transformer main body is installed in the interior of the explosion-proof cabinet body, a pressure relief system, a processor and a temperature sensor are integrated in the interior of the explosion-proof cabinet body, and the pressure relief system and the temperature sensor are both in signal connection with the processor. By using the liquid pumping pump and the filter membrane, the system can quickly transfer the oil from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, and the pressure release is accelerated. Before entering the pressure relief tank, the filter tank removes the impurities and particles in the oil, keeps the oil clean, prolongs the service life of the transformer, the filter membrane of the pressure relief tank allows the oil to penetrate and prevents the gas from passing through, realizes the oil-gas separation, the separated oil directly returns to the transformer, the gas is separately treated, the oil does not directly contact the air during the pressure relief process, the risk of absorbing the gas and moisture is reduced, and the insulation performance and thermal stability of the oil are maintained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transformers, more particularly to a transformer fire extinguishing device capable of quickly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil. BACKGROUND

[0002] An oil-immersed transformer refers to using transformer oil as an insulation and cooling medium inside the transformer, but due to the electric arc inside the transformer, the oil is ionized and decomposed into various combustible gases, thereby rapidly increasing the pressure inside the oil tank, causing damage to the oil tank. Once the combustible gas inside the oil tank contacts the oxygen in the air, it will quickly cause an explosion of the transformer oil, thereby causing a major accident. However, the existing nitrogen-filled transformer fire extinguishing device, when filling nitrogen for cooling, often directly discharges the transformer oil to reduce the pressure inside the oil tank, without setting a transformer oil return action, thereby causing waste of energy.

[0003] Patent application No. CN202011248567.2 A transformer fire extinguishing device capable of quickly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil, comprising a base, the base is provided with an isolation trigger cavity, the upper end surface of the base is fixedly provided with a transformer case, the transformer working cavity is provided in the transformer case, and the transformer working cavity is provided with a pressure relief oil storage cavity located in the transformer case. After filling nitrogen into the transformer oil tank, the transformer oil in the oil tank is pushed into the pressure relief oil storage cavity through the pressure difference, thereby achieving quick pressure relief processing. At the same time of pressure relief, the explosion-proof isolation tank is driven to isolate the transformer case as a whole, thereby reducing the harm caused by the explosion of the transformer oil on fire. After the transformer oil is cooled down, the transformer oil in the pressure relief oil storage cavity is pushed back into the transformer oil tank through the pressure difference under the cooperation of the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic telescopic rod, thereby achieving the backflow effect of the transformer oil after cooling.

[0004] The structure improves the oil pressure by filling nitrogen into the oil storage cavity, so that the oil liquid is transferred from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area. However, in the above process, the pressure of the oil liquid needs to be expanded to a large value to complete the transfer, thereby causing the pressure in the space where the oil liquid is located to continuously increase, which is more dangerous. At the same time, the nitrogen entering the oil liquid will affect the performance of the oil liquid, affecting the use of the transformer. At the same time, the structure sets an external vertically movable isolation tank to protect the transformer. This structure needs to be continuously supported, consumes a lot of energy, increases the use cost, and affects the ventilation and fire extinguishing effect. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a transformer fire extinguishing device capable of quickly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] The transformer fire extinguishing device can quickly release pressure and return transformer oil, comprising an explosion-proof cabinet body, a transformer main body and an oil storage tank installed on the transformer main body, the transformer main body is installed in the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body, the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body is integrated with a pressure relief system, a processor and a temperature sensor, the pressure relief system and the temperature sensor are both signal connected with the processor, the front and back of the explosion-proof cabinet body are both fixedly installed with a heat dissipation assembly, and the heat dissipation assembly and the processor are signal connected.

[0008] The inside of the pressure relief system contains a filter box and a pressure relief box, both of which are installed in the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body, the inside of the filter box is provided with a filter assembly, the left side of the filter box is fixedly connected with a pressure relief pipe, the left end of the pressure relief pipe is communicated with the inside of the oil storage tank, a pressure valve is installed on the pressure relief pipe, a liquid pumping pump is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof cabinet body, the liquid pumping pump is communicated with the inside of the filter box through a pipeline, a gas treatment assembly is arranged on the top of the pressure relief box, a return flow cylinder is fixedly connected in the inside of the pressure relief box, a filter membrane is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the return flow cylinder, a discharge pipe is fixedly connected on the liquid pumping pump, the discharge pipe penetrates through the pressure relief box and extends to the top of the return flow cylinder, a return flow pump is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pressure relief box, a pumping pipe is fixedly connected at the bottom of the return flow pump, the pumping pipe penetrates through and extends to the inside of the return flow cylinder, a return flow pipe is fixedly installed at the top of the return flow pump, the other end of the return flow pipe penetrates through the pressure relief box and is communicated with the inside of the oil storage tank, a check valve is installed on the return flow pipe, and the check valve, the liquid pumping pump, the return flow pump, the pressure valve and the filter assembly are all signal connected with the processor.

[0009] The filter assembly contains a cylindrical groove, which is opened in the inside of the filter box, a turnover motor is fixedly installed on the front of the filter box, the output shaft of the turnover motor penetrates through and extends to the inside of the cylindrical groove, and two partitions and two mesh plates are fixedly connected on the output shaft of the turnover motor.

[0010] The heat dissipation assembly contains an assembly box, which is installed on the explosion-proof cabinet body, a driving motor is fixedly installed at the top of the assembly box, the output shaft of the driving motor penetrates through and extends to the inside of the assembly box, a sealing plate is fixedly connected on the output shaft of the driving motor, a heat dissipation fan is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the assembly box, and the heat dissipation fan and the driving motor are both signal connected with the processor, a nitrogen cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the assembly box, and the gas pipe of the nitrogen cylinder is located in the assembly box and is provided with an electric control valve.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical scheme: a collecting funnel is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the return flow cylinder, and the bottom end of the pumping pipe is connected with the bottom of the collecting funnel.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body is provided with a signal transmission module, and the signal transmission module is signal-connected with the processor.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the gas treatment assembly comprises a purification box, the purification box is installed on the top of the pressure relief box, a gas pump is fixedly installed on the side of the purification box and communicates with the inside of the purification box, an exhaust pipe of the gas pump penetrates and extends to the outside of the explosion-proof cabinet body, and a HEPA filter plate, an activated carbon filter plate and a molecular sieve filter plate are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the purification box.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: dustproof plates are arranged on the front and back of the explosion-proof cabinet body, and the dustproof plates are detachably connected to the side of the assembly box away from the explosion-proof cabinet body.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the two sides of the sealing plate are fixedly connected with sealing strips, and the sealing strips are made of rubber material.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution: the two baffles are located on the left and right sides of the output shaft of the overturning motor, the two mesh plates are located on the top and bottom of the output shaft of the overturning motor, and the side edges of the two baffles and the top mesh plate away from the output shaft of the overturning motor are attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical groove.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution: the filter membrane is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are that:

[0019] (1) By using the liquid pumping pump and the filter membrane, the system can quickly transfer the oil liquid from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, and accelerate the pressure relief. Before entering the pressure relief box, the filter box removes impurities and particles in the oil liquid, keeps the oil liquid clean, prolongs the service life of the transformer, and the filter membrane of the pressure relief box allows the oil liquid to penetrate and prevents gas from passing through, realizing oil-gas separation. The separated oil liquid directly flows back to the transformer, and the gas is treated separately. During the pressure relief process, the oil liquid does not directly contact air, reducing the risk of absorbing gas and moisture, maintaining the insulation performance and thermal stability of the oil liquid, purifying and treating the discharged gas, reducing environmental pollution, meeting environmental protection requirements, and reducing maintenance costs. The automatic pressure relief system improves the operation reliability of the transformer and reduces the risk of high pressure.

[0020] (2) The explosion-proof cabinet body is designed to effectively isolate the transformer and the pressure relief system, preventing the influence of internal and external environments. In case of open fire, the sealing plate quickly seals the cabinet body, releases nitrogen to extinguish the fire, and improves safety. Automatic control of heat dissipation reduces costs, maintains heat dissipation efficiency, reduces the risk of high temperature and open fire, and ensures stable operation of the system. It can flexibly cope with different working conditions and quickly switch between natural ventilation, forced heat dissipation and fire extinguishing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pressure relief system of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the filter assembly of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inside of the pressure relief tank of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat dissipation assembly of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings:

[0028] 1, explosion-proof cabinet body; 2, transformer main body; 3, oil storage tank; 4, pressure relief system; 401, filter tank; 402, pressure relief tank; 403, filter assembly; 4031, cylindrical groove; 4032, reversing motor; 4033, partition; 4034, mesh plate; 404, pressure relief pipe; 405, pressure valve; 406, liquid pumping pump; 407, gas treatment assembly; 4071, purification tank; 4072, air pump; 408, reflux cylinder; 409, filter membrane; 410, discharge pipe; 411, reflux pump; 412, extraction pipe; 413, reflux pipe; 414, check valve; 5, processor; 6, temperature sensor; 7, signal transmission module; 8, dustproof plate; 9, heat dissipation assembly; 901, assembly box; 902, driving motor; 903, sealing plate; 904, heat dissipation fan; 905, nitrogen cylinder; 906, electric control valve; 10, collection funnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-6 In the present application, a transformer fire extinguishing device capable of quickly relieving pressure and making transformer oil reflux includes an explosion-proof cabinet body 1, a transformer main body 2, and an oil storage tank 3 installed on the transformer main body 2. The transformer main body 2 is installed inside the explosion-proof cabinet body 1. The inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body 1 is integrated with a pressure relief system 4, a processor 5, and a temperature sensor 6. The pressure relief system 4 and the temperature sensor 6 are both in signal connection with the processor 5. The explosion-proof cabinet body 1 is fixedly installed with heat dissipation assemblies 9 on the front and back surfaces. The heat dissipation assemblies 9 are in signal connection with the processor 5.

[0031] The pressure relief system 4 internally contains a filter box 401 and a pressure relief box 402, both of which are installed inside the explosion-proof cabinet body 1. The inside of the filter box 401 is provided with a filter assembly 403. The left side of the filter box 401 is fixedly connected with a pressure relief pipe 404, the left end of which is in communication with the inside of the oil storage tank 3. A pressure valve 405 is installed on the pressure relief pipe 404. An oil pumping pump 406 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof cabinet body 1. The oil pumping pump 406 is in communication with the inside of the filter box 401 through a pipeline. The top of the pressure relief box 402 is provided with a gas treatment assembly 407. The inside of the pressure relief box 402 is fixedly connected with a reflux cylinder 408. A filter membrane 409 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reflux cylinder 408. An exhaust pipe 410 is fixedly connected to the oil pumping pump 406, extends through the pressure relief box 402 and extends to the top of the reflux cylinder 408. A reflux pump 411 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pressure relief box 402. The bottom of the reflux pump 411 is fixedly connected with a pumping pipe 412 which extends through and into the inside of the reflux cylinder 408. A reflux pipe 413 is fixedly installed on the top of the reflux pump 411. The other end of the reflux pipe 413 extends through the pressure relief box 402 and is in communication with the inside of the oil storage tank 3. A check valve 414 is installed on the reflux pipe 413. The check valve 414, the oil pumping pump 406, the reflux pump 411, the pressure valve 405 and the filter assembly 403 are all signal connected with the processor 5.

[0032] The filter assembly 403 contains a cylindrical groove 4031 which is opened in the inside of the filter box 401. A turnover motor 4032 is fixedly installed on the front of the filter box 401. The output shaft of the turnover motor 4032 extends through and into the inside of the cylindrical groove 4031. Two partitions 4033 and two mesh plates 4034 are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the turnover motor 4032.

[0033] The heat dissipation assembly 9 contains an assembly box 901 which is installed on the explosion-proof cabinet body 1. A drive motor 902 is fixedly installed on the top of the assembly box 901. The output shaft of the drive motor 902 extends through and into the inside of the assembly box 901. A sealing plate 903 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 902. A heat dissipation fan 904 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the assembly box 901. The heat dissipation fan 904 and the drive motor 902 are both signal connected with the processor 5. A nitrogen cylinder 905 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the assembly box 901. The gas pipe of the nitrogen cylinder 905 is located in the assembly box 901 and is provided with an electric control valve 906.

[0034] A collection hopper 10 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reflux cylinder 408. The bottom end of the pumping pipe 412 is connected with the bottom of the collection hopper 10.

[0035] The gas treatment assembly 407 comprises a purification box 4071 installed on the top of the pressure relief box 402, and a gas pump 4072 is fixedly installed on the side of the purification box 4071 and communicates with the inside of the purification box 4071, the exhaust pipe of the gas pump 4072 penetrates and extends to the outside of the explosion-proof cabinet body 1, and a HEPA filter plate, an activated carbon filter plate and a molecular sieve filter plate are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the purification box 4071.

[0036] Two partitions 4033 are located on the left and right sides of the output shaft of the turnover motor 4032, and two mesh plates 4034 are located on the top and bottom of the output shaft of the turnover motor 4032, and the side edges of the two partitions 4033 and the top mesh plate 4034 away from the output shaft of the turnover motor 4032 are attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical groove 4031.

[0037] The filter membrane 409 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0038] The transformer body 2 is installed in the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body 1, and the oil storage tank 3 storing oil is installed on the outside of the transformer body 2, and the explosion-proof cabinet body 1 has good explosion-proof performance, which can protect the transformer body 2 and also has good blocking effect when the transformer explodes.

[0039] The pressure valve 405 in the pressure relief system 4 always monitors the oil pressure in the oil storage tank 3 and transmits the value to the processor 5, and the processor 5 determines whether the pressure is within the set value range through the value, if the oil pressure is too large, it needs to be relieved in time to avoid explosion due to excessive pressure, at this time the processor 5 controls the operation of the pressure relief system 4, the pressure valve 405 opens the oil in the oil storage tank 3 due to the large pressure and starts to enter the inside of the pressure relief system 4 through the pressure relief pipe 404, then the oil enters the inside of the filter box 401, at this time the two side partitions 4033 and the top mesh plate 4034 are attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical groove 4031, the oil can only penetrate the top mesh plate 4034 through the limitation of the partition 4033, so that the precipitate impurities in the oil are isolated on the left side of the mesh plate 4034, then the liquid pump 406 and the backflow pump 411 operate, the oil starts to discharge from the filter box 401 and is sent into the discharge pipe 410 by the pipeline of the liquid pump 406, at this time the oil in the discharge pipe 410 enters the inside of the backflow cylinder 408 and starts to flow downward, the oil can uniformly cover the top of the filter membrane 409, when the oil flows on the top of the filter membrane 409, due to the hydrophobicity of PTFE, the oil will pass through the micropores of the filter membrane 409, while the gas is prevented on the top of the filter membrane 409, then the oil enters the inside of the collection funnel 10 and enters the inside of the extraction pipe 412, after being sent into the backflow pipe 413 by the backflow pump 411, the oil backflows to the inside of the transformer oil storage tank 3, at this time the gas in the oil cannot penetrate the filter membrane 409 and is in the inside of the pressure relief box 402, so that the oil pressure is reduced and the backflow reduces the pressure in the oil storage tank 3.

[0040] After the oil completes circulation, the control pressure valve 405 is closed, and the oil is completely sent into the oil tank 3 by the oil pump 406 and the return pump 411, and the check valve 414 is closed, so that the relief system 4 contains gas, the processor 5 controls the gas treatment assembly 407 to operate, the gas pump 4072 generates suction to completely extract the gas in the relief system 4, so that the relief system 4 does not contain gas that affects the oil, the gas enters the purification tank 4071, and then passes through the HEPA filter plate, the activated carbon filter plate, and the molecular sieve filter plate to be filtered and purified and discharged from the explosion-proof cabinet 1.

[0041] After the relief process is completed, the processor 5 can control the filter assembly 403 to operate, so that the overturning motor 4032 drives the partition plate 4033 and the mesh plate 4034 fixedly connected thereto to start rotating, so that the mesh plate 4034 used at the top is rotated to the bottom, and the precipitate and impurities blocked are poured into the bottom of the filter tank 401 for processing, and after rotating half a circle, the partition plate 4033 is sealed again, and the mesh plate 4034 at the top can be used again.

[0042] During the operation of the transformer, the temperature sensor 6 monitors the temperature inside the explosion-proof cabinet 1 in real time and transmits the signal to the processor 5. The processor 5 receives the value and judges the temperature inside the explosion-proof cabinet 1. For example, if the value is lower than the set value, natural ventilation is achieved through the two sides of the heat dissipation assembly 9, and if the temperature value is higher, the processor 5 controls the operation of the heat dissipation fan 904. The heat dissipation fan 904 generates suction to speed up the circulation of air inside the explosion-proof cabinet 1, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. In this process, the sealing plate 903 is perpendicular to the heat dissipation fan 904 and does not affect the circulation of air. If the temperature sensor 6 value exceeds the set value when there is an open fire inside the explosion-proof cabinet 1, the processor 5 controls the drive motor 902 to operate, and the drive motor 902 drives the sealing plate 903 fixedly connected thereto to start rotating until the two sides contact the inside of the assembly box 901 to achieve sealing. Then the processor 5 controls the electric control valve 906 to open, and the nitrogen inside the nitrogen cylinder 905 starts to enter the inside of the assembly box 901. Since the inside of the assembly box 901 is sealed by the sealing plate 903, the nitrogen starts to fill the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet 1, so that the oxygen content in the explosion-proof cabinet 1 is reduced, the flame burning environment is poor, and the fire is extinguished.

[0043] In the application, by using the liquid pumping pump 406 and the filter membrane 409, the system can quickly transfer the oil from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, thereby accelerating the pressure relief process, and the impurities and particles in the oil can be removed through the filter box 401 before the oil enters the pressure relief tank 402, which helps to keep the oil clean and prolong the service life of the transformer, and the filter membrane 409 in the pressure relief tank 402 allows the oil to penetrate while preventing gas from passing through, which realizes effective separation of oil and gas, so that the separated oil can be directly returned to the inside of the transformer, and the gas can be treated separately, and since the oil does not directly contact air during the pressure relief process, the risk of oil absorbing gas and moisture can be reduced, which helps to maintain the insulation performance and thermal stability of the oil, and by purifying and treating the discharged gas, the system helps to reduce environmental pollution and meet environmental protection requirements, and since the oil can be directly returned to the inside of the transformer after pressure relief without further treatment, the maintenance work and cost can be reduced, and the above-mentioned automatic pressure relief system 4 can improve the reliability of the transformer operation and reduce the safety risk caused by excessive pressure.

[0044] The design of the explosion-proof cabinet 1 can effectively isolate the transformer and the pressure relief system 4 from the external environment, prevent internal faults from harming the external environment, and quickly seal the explosion-proof cabinet 1 with the sealing plate 903 to prevent the spread of fire and reduce the oxygen content by releasing nitrogen to achieve fire extinguishing, greatly improving the safety of the system, and achieving automatic control of heat dissipation while reducing costs and maintaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer, reducing the safety risk caused by high temperature or open fire, and ensuring stable operation of the system under various working conditions.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 6 The explosion-proof cabinet 1 is internally provided with a signal transmission module 7, and the signal transmission module 7 is signal-connected with the processor 5.

[0046] In the application, the processor 5 can realize remote signal reception and transmission through the signal transmission module 7, so that the user can timely understand the state of the transformer for timely processing and maintenance.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 The front and back of the explosion-proof cabinet 1 are provided with dustproof plates 8, which are detachably connected to one side of the assembly box 901 away from the explosion-proof cabinet 1.

[0048] In the application, the dustproof plate 8 can filter the airflow entering the inside of the assembly box 901 to prevent dust from entering the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet 1 and affecting the transformer.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 5 Wherein: the both sides of the sealing plate 903 are fixedly connected with sealing strips, and the sealing strips are made of rubber material.

[0050] In the application, the rubber sealing strips on the both sides of the sealing plate 903 can improve the sealing effect of the sealing plate 903 on the assembly box 901 when the sealing plate 903 rotates, thereby avoiding the influence of air circulation on the fire extinguishing effect.

[0051] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application; however, the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any skilled person in the art, according to the technical solution and the improvement concept of the present application, can make equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A transformer fire extinguishing device capable of quick pressure relief and backflow of transformer oil, comprising an explosion-proof cabinet body (1), a transformer main body (2) and an oil storage tank (3) installed on the transformer main body (2), wherein the transformer main body (2) is installed inside the explosion-proof cabinet body (1), characterized in that: The inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body (1) is integrated with a pressure relief system (4), a processor (5) and a temperature sensor (6), the pressure relief system (4) and the temperature sensor (6) are both signal connected with the processor (5), the front and back of the explosion-proof cabinet body (1) are both fixedly installed with a heat dissipation assembly (9), the heat dissipation assembly (9) is signal connected with the processor (5); ​ The inside of the pressure relief system (4) contains a filter box (401) and a pressure relief box (402), the filter box (401) and the pressure relief box (402) are both installed in the inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body (1), the inside of the filter box (401) is provided with a filter assembly (403), the left side of the filter box (401) is fixedly connected with a pressure relief pipe (404), the left end of the pressure relief pipe (404) is in communication with the inside of the oil storage tank (3), a pressure valve (405) is installed on the pressure relief pipe (404), a liquid pumping pump (406) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof cabinet body (1), the liquid pumping pump (406) is in communication with the inside of the filter box (401) through a pipeline, a gas treatment assembly (407) is arranged on the top of the pressure relief box (402), a reflux cylinder (408) is fixedly connected in the inside of the pressure relief box (402), a filter membrane (409) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reflux cylinder (408), a discharge pipe (410) is fixedly connected to the liquid pumping pump (406), the discharge pipe (410) penetrates through the pressure relief box (402) and extends to the top of the reflux cylinder (408), a reflux pump (411) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pressure relief box (402), an extraction pipe (412) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reflux pump (411), the extraction pipe (412) penetrates through and extends into the inside of the reflux cylinder (408), a reflux pipe (413) is fixedly installed on the top of the reflux pump (411), the other end of the reflux pipe (413) penetrates through the pressure relief box (402) and is in communication with the inside of the oil storage tank (3), a check valve (414) is installed on the reflux pipe (413), the check valve (414), the liquid pumping pump (406), the reflux pump (411), the pressure valve (405) and the filter assembly (403) are all signal connected with the processor (5); The filter assembly (403) contains a cylindrical groove (4031), the cylindrical groove (4031) is arranged in the inside of the filter box (401), a turnover motor (4032) is fixedly installed on the front of the filter box (401), the output shaft of the turnover motor (4032) penetrates through and extends into the inside of the cylindrical groove (4031), two baffle plates (4033) and two mesh plates (4034) are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the turnover motor (4032); The heat dissipation assembly (9) comprises an assembly box (901), the assembly box (901) is installed on the explosion-proof cabinet body (1), a driving motor (902) is fixedly installed on the top of the assembly box (901), the output shaft of the driving motor (902) penetrates and extends to the inside of the assembly box (901), a sealing plate (903) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (902), a heat dissipation fan (904) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the assembly box (901), the heat dissipation fan (904) and the driving motor (902) are signal connected with the processor (5), a nitrogen cylinder (905) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the assembly box (901), the gas pipe of the nitrogen cylinder (905) is located in the assembly box (901) and is provided with an electric control valve (906); The inner wall of the reflux cylinder (408) is fixedly installed with a collecting funnel (10), and the bottom end of the extraction pipe (412) is connected with the bottom of the collecting funnel (10); The gas treatment assembly (407) comprises a purification box (4071), the purification box (4071) is installed on the top of the pressure relief box (402), a gas pump (4072) is fixedly installed on the side of the purification box (4071) and is in communication with the inside of the purification box (4071), the exhaust pipe of the gas pump (4072) penetrates and extends to the outside of the explosion-proof cabinet body (1), and HEPA filter plates, activated carbon filter plates and molecular sieve filter plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the purification box (4071); Two baffles (4033) are located on the left and right sides of the output shaft of the overturning motor (4032), two mesh plates (4034) are located on the top and bottom of the output shaft of the overturning motor (4032), and the side of the two baffles (4033) and the top mesh plate (4034) away from the output shaft of the overturning motor (4032) is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical groove (4031).

2. A transformer fire extinguishing apparatus capable of rapidly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the explosion-proof cabinet body (1) is provided with a signal transmission module (7), and the signal transmission module (7) is signal connected with the processor (5).

3. A transformer fire extinguishing apparatus capable of rapidly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and back surfaces of the explosion-proof cabinet body (1) are provided with dustproof plates (8), and the dustproof plates (8) are detachably connected to the side of the assembly box (901) away from the explosion-proof cabinet body (1).

4. A transformer fire extinguishing apparatus capable of rapidly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the sealing plate (903) are fixedly connected with sealing strips, and the sealing strips are made of rubber material.

5. A transformer fire extinguishing apparatus capable of rapidly releasing pressure and returning transformer oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter membrane (409) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

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