Variable diameter centrifugal disc fertilizer discharge device

Abstract

This invention discloses a variable-diameter centrifugal chamber disc-type fertilizer dispensing device, relating to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery equipment technology. It includes a centrifugal chamber disc, a housing, a rotating ring, a mixing pipeline, a drive system, and a control system. The centrifugal chamber disc includes a disc bottom, a disc cover, and partitions. The center of the disc bottom is a uniform fertilizer cone surface, and the edge of the disc bottom is an upwardly curved anti-self-flow baffle. The disc cover has a cover hole in the center. The partitions connect the disc bottom and the disc cover respectively. The housing covers the outside of the centrifugal chamber disc, and the dispensing hole is located at the bottom of the housing. The rotating ring has a through hole located below the dispensing hole to adjust the overlap area between the through hole and the dispensing hole when the rotating ring rotates. The mixing pipeline includes an airflow distribution pipe and multiple tee pipes, the tee pipes being used to output fertilizer mixed with airflow. Compared with related technologies, the fertilizer dispensing device of this invention can meet the needs of low-speed, small-volume and high-speed, large-volume precision, low-damage fertilizer dispensing operations, achieving precise control of fertilizer particle dispensing volume in high-speed operations, promoting precise fertilizer application, and improving operational efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and in particular to a variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilization is a crucial step in agricultural production, and its quality directly impacts crop nutrient absorption. Rational fertilization is essential for ensuring high, stable, and increased crop yields. Granular fertilizers are widely used due to their superior physical properties, ease of application, and long-lasting effects. Precision fertilizer application is of great significance for improving the quality of granular fertilizer application.

[0003] Currently, granular fertilizer mainly uses an external trough wheel-type fertilizer discharge method. For this method, during direct seeding operations, the fertilizer granule discharge rate differs significantly between high-speed (6–12 km / h) and low-speed (2–5 km / h) operations. Single-speed control cannot simultaneously guarantee discharge accuracy at both high-speed, high-volume and low-speed, low-volume conditions. Furthermore, the external trough wheel-type fertilizer discharge method also suffers from problems such as easy breakage of fertilizer granules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device that meets the needs of low-speed, small-volume and high-speed, large-volume precision fertilizer discharge operations with low breakage, and enables precise control of fertilizer particle discharge during high-speed operations, thereby promoting precise fertilizer application and improving operational efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] This invention provides a variable-diameter centrifugal disc-type fertilizer discharge device, comprising:

[0007] A centrifugal chamber disk that rotates around an axis includes a disk bottom, a disk cover, and partitions; the center of the disk bottom is a uniform cone surface that convexes upward with the axis as its center, and the edge of the disk bottom is an upwardly curved anti-flow baffle; the center of the disk cover is provided with a cover hole centered on the axis; the partitions connect the disk bottom and the disk cover respectively, and multiple partitions are evenly distributed circumferentially with the axis as their center to form multiple material distribution chambers evenly distributed circumferentially with the axis as their center;

[0008] A box body with a dispensing hole is provided on the outside of the centrifuge chamber plate, and the dispensing hole is provided on the bottom of the box body; a plurality of dispensing holes are evenly distributed circumferentially with the axis as the center;

[0009] A rotating ring centered on the axis, the rotating ring having a through hole located below the dispensing hole, so as to adjust the overlapping area of ​​the through hole and the dispensing hole when the rotating ring is rotated; each dispensing hole corresponds to one through hole;

[0010] A mixing pipeline for mixing airflow into fertilizer includes an airflow distribution pipe and multiple tee pipes; each tee pipe corresponds to one of the through holes; the first end of the tee pipe slides against the lower surface of the rotating ring and is located below the overlapping area; the second end of the tee pipe is connected to the airflow distribution pipe, and the third end of the tee pipe is used to output fertilizer mixed with airflow.

[0011] A drive system for providing power includes a first drive assembly, a second drive assembly, and an air supply assembly; the first drive assembly drives the centrifugal chamber to rotate around the axis, the second drive assembly drives the centrifugal chamber to rotate around the axis, and the air supply assembly supplies air to the airflow distribution pipe.

[0012] The control system is used to control the drive system, and the control system controls the operation of the drive system according to its own preset program.

[0013] Preferably, the box body includes a box bottom and a box cover, the box bottom and the box cover are detachably fixedly connected, and an upper cylinder is connected to the middle of the box cover; the centrifuge chamber also includes a guide cylinder located on the upper side of the cover, and the guide cylinder is connected to the middle of the cover; the guide cylinder extends into the upper cylinder, and an upper bearing is provided between the guide cylinder and the upper cylinder, the upper bearing being rotated around the axis.

[0014] Preferably, the centrifuge chamber further includes a central shaft located on the underside of the disc, and a lower cylinder is connected to the center of the bottom of the box; the central shaft extends into the lower cylinder, and a lower bearing is provided between the central shaft and the lower cylinder, with the lower bearing rotating around the axis.

[0015] Preferably, a fertilizer-accumulating funnel is fixed to the upper end of the upper cylinder, and the fertilizer-accumulating funnel is centered on the axis; a fixing plate is provided at the upper end of the fertilizer-accumulating funnel, and the fixing plate is used to connect to the outlet of the fertilizer box.

[0016] Preferably, a pressure-reducing filter screen is installed inside the fertilizer funnel.

[0017] Preferably, the dispensing hole is a circular hole, the through hole is an arc hole, the center line of the arc hole is an arc centered on the axis, and the end diameter of the arc hole is the same as the diameter of the circular hole.

[0018] Preferably, the airflow distribution pipe is annular, with the axis as its center.

[0019] Preferably, the first drive assembly includes a motor and an encoder. The motor is used to drive the centrifuge chamber to rotate around the axis, and the encoder is used to monitor the rotational speed of the motor. Both the motor and the encoder are electrically connected to the control system.

[0020] Preferably, the second drive assembly includes a servo motor and a drive gear, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the drive gear, the rotating ring is a gear ring, the drive gear meshes with the gear ring, and the servo motor is electrically connected to the control system.

[0021] Preferably, the air supply assembly includes a fan, the airflow distribution pipe is connected to the air inlet, and the fan is installed inside the air inlet.

[0022] Compared with related technologies, the present invention achieves the following technical effects:

[0023] The centrifugal disc allows fertilizer to be quickly and evenly distributed from the central drop point to multiple distribution holes around the perimeter, reducing fertilizer particle accumulation and thus minimizing the squeezing and friction forces caused by fertilizer accumulation, thereby reducing fertilizer particle breakage. When the agricultural machinery travels at a high speed, the rotation speed of the centrifugal disc can be increased accordingly to improve the fertilizer delivery speed.

[0024] When the rotating ring rotates, it can adjust the overlapping area of ​​the through hole and the dispensing hole, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​fertilizer particles. It increases the flow area when agricultural machinery travels at high speed and decreases the flow area when agricultural machinery travels at low speed, thereby improving the control accuracy of fertilizer discharge.

[0025] The mixing of airflow and fertilizer granules helps agricultural machinery meet the demand for smooth, high-volume fertilization during high-speed movement, reducing fertilizer residence time. Simultaneously, the mixing pipeline further delivers the fertilizer, lowering the overall height of the operating system and meeting the requirements of high-speed, precision fertilization operations.

[0026] In addition, the rotation of the fertilizer equalization cone and the partition plate drives the fertilizer particles at the fertilizer box outlet to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of breaking arches and preventing blockages. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram;

[0030] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the variable-diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the components used to adjust the overlapping area;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the combined structure;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the components used to mix fertilizer granules with airflow;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the middle structure;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of a precise discharge method for a variable-diameter centrifugal chamber disc-type fertilizer discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Fertilizer tank; 2. Control system; 3. Fertilizer discharge device; 4. Fertilizer guide pipe; 5. Agricultural machinery; 6. Fertilizer plow; 7. Speed ​​radar; 8. Fertilizer quantity adjustment switch; 9. Signal line; 10. Fan; 11. Mixing pipeline; 12. Servo motor; 13. Drive gear; 14. Lower bearing; 15. Rotary ring; 16. Box bottom; 17. Centrifuge chamber disc; 18. Upper bearing; 19. Box cover; 20. Pressure reducing filter; 21. T-connector; 22. Through hole; 23-Encoder; 24-Motor; 11-1. Airflow distribution pipe; 1 1-2, First end; 11-3, Air inlet; 11-4, Second end; 11-5, Third end; 16-1, Main body of box bottom; 16-2, Distributing hole; 16-3, Lower cylinder; 16-4, Lower fixing ear; 16-5, Lower fixing hole; 17-1, Guide cylinder; 17-2, Fertilizer equalization cone surface; 17-3, Partition plate; 17-4, Disc cover; 17-5, Anti-self-flow baffle; 19-1, Fixing plate; 19-2, Fertilizer accumulation funnel; 19-3, Main body of box cover; 19-4, Upper fixing ear; 19-5, Upper fixing hole. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device that meets the needs of low-speed, small-volume and high-speed, large-volume precision fertilizer discharge operations with low breakage, and enables precise control of fertilizer particle discharge during high-speed operations, thereby promoting precise fertilizer application and improving operational efficiency.

[0039] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a variable diameter centrifugal chamber disk 17 type fertilizer discharge device 3, including fertilizer discharge device 3 and control system 2. The fertilizer discharge device 3 includes centrifugal chamber disk 17, box body, rotating ring 15, mixing pipeline 11 and drive system.

[0041] The centrifuge chamber disc 17 rotates around its axis and includes a disc bottom, a disc cover 17-4, and partitions 17-3. The center of the disc bottom is a uniform fertilizer cone 17-2 convex upwards around the axis, and the edge of the disc bottom is an upwardly curved anti-flow baffle 17-5. The disc cover 17-4 has a cover hole centered on the axis in its center. The partitions 17-3 connect the disc bottom and the disc cover 17-4 respectively, and multiple partitions 17-3 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis to form multiple distribution chambers evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis. The anti-flow baffles 17-5 can block fertilizer particles, so that when the centrifuge chamber disc 17 is stationary, the fertilizer will not flow or will flow very little, preventing fertilizer waste; when the centrifuge chamber disc 17 rotates, centrifugal force causes the fertilizer particles to pass over the anti-flow baffles 17-5.

[0042] The box body has a dispensing hole 16-2, and the box body is installed on the outside of the centrifuge chamber plate 17. The dispensing hole 16-2 is located on the bottom 16 of the box body. Multiple dispensing holes 16-2 are evenly distributed circumferentially with the axis as the center.

[0043] A rotating ring 15 centered on an axis is provided with a through hole 22 located below the distributing hole 16-2, so as to adjust the overlap area between the through hole 22 and the distributing hole 16-2 when the rotating ring 15 is rotated. Each distributing hole 16-2 corresponds to one through hole 22.

[0044] The mixing pipe 11 is used to mix airflow into fertilizer and includes an airflow distribution pipe 11-1 and multiple tee pipes 21. Each tee pipe 21 corresponds to a through hole 22. The first end 11-2 of the tee pipe 21 slides against the lower surface of the rotating ring 15 and is located below the overlapping area. The second end 11-4 of the tee pipe 21 is connected to the airflow distribution pipe 11-1, and the third end 11-5 of the tee pipe 21 is used to output the fertilizer mixed with airflow. The third end 11-5 of the tee pipe 21 is connected to the upper end of the fertilizer guide pipe 4, and the lower end of the fertilizer guide pipe 4 is located behind and above the furrowing plow 6 of the agricultural machinery 5 to accurately spread the fertilizer into the furrows opened by the furrowing plow 6.

[0045] The drive system provides power and includes a first drive assembly, a second drive assembly, and an air supply assembly. The first drive assembly drives the centrifugal chamber disk 17 to rotate around its axis, the second drive assembly drives the rotating ring 15 to rotate around its axis, and the air supply assembly supplies air to the airflow distribution pipe 11-1.

[0046] Control system 2 is used to control the drive system. Control system 2 controls the action of the drive system according to its own preset program. Under normal circumstances, control system 2 is electrically connected to agricultural machinery 5 to receive the walking speed of agricultural machinery 5; on the other hand, control system 2 is electrically connected to input unit (such as touch screen, keyboard) to input information such as fertilizer amount into control system 2; at the same time, control system 2 is electrically connected to drive system to control the action of drive system.

[0047] For example, in this embodiment, there are eight material distribution chambers, eight material distribution holes 16-2, eight through holes 22, and eight T-shaped pipes 21, so as to apply fertilizer to eight furrows simultaneously. Depending on the number of furrows opened by the agricultural machinery 5, those skilled in the art can also choose other numbers of material distribution chambers and other structures.

[0048] The working principle of the variable diameter centrifugal chamber disk 17-type fertilizer discharge device 3 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0049] The centrifuge chamber tray 17 has a cover hole in the middle of its cover 17-4. Fertilizer falls through the cover hole onto the fertilizer-equalizing cone surface 17-2 in the middle of the tray bottom. The fertilizer on the fertilizer-equalizing cone surface 17-2 flows downward to the edge, and after being buffered by the anti-self-flow baffle 17-5, it flows downward through the distribution hole 16-2 of the box bottom 16 and the through hole 22 of the rotating ring 15, reaching the first end 11-2 of the three-way pipe 21. The airflow provided by the air supply assembly passes through the airflow distribution pipe 11-1 and reaches the second end 11-4 of the three-way pipe 21. The airflow and fertilizer merge in the three-way pipe 21 and flow out together from the third end 11-5 of the three-way pipe 21.

[0050] As the centrifugal chamber disk 17 rotates under the drive of the first drive assembly, the fertilizer will be evenly distributed circumferentially on the fertilizer-uniforming cone surface 17-2. After the fertilizer on the fertilizer-uniforming cone surface 17-2 enters the distribution chamber, the fertilizer maintains a certain rotational speed under the push of the partition 17-3, so that it still has a certain rotational speed after passing through the anti-self-flow baffle 17-5, so as to continue rolling in the box to the distribution hole 16-2. The partition 17-3 is preferably curved to increase the speed of the fertilizer particles rotating around the axis and reduce the radial speed of the fertilizer particles, thereby increasing the rate at which the fertilizer particles are discharged from the box and reducing breakage.

[0051] As the rotating ring 15 rotates under the drive of the second drive assembly, the overlapping area between the through hole 22 and the feed hole 16-2 will change, thereby expanding the overlapping area when it is necessary to increase the fertilizer flow rate and reducing the overlapping area when it is necessary to decrease the fertilizer flow rate.

[0052] Because the airflow provided by the air supply component mixes with the fertilizer after passing through the mixing pipe 11, it can promote the flow of fertilizer and prevent fertilizer blockage. At the same time, the airflow has a certain degree of coating on the fertilizer, which can reduce the wear on the fertilizer surface.

[0053] The centrifugal chamber disc 17 enables fertilizer to be quickly and evenly distributed from the central drop position to multiple distribution holes 16-2 around the perimeter, reducing the accumulation of fertilizer particles and thus reducing the squeezing and friction forces caused by fertilizer accumulation, thereby reducing the breakage of fertilizer particles. When the agricultural machinery 5 travels at a high speed, the rotation speed of the centrifugal chamber disc 17 can be increased accordingly to improve the fertilizer conveying speed.

[0054] When the rotating ring 15 rotates, it can adjust the overlapping area of ​​the through hole 22 and the distribution hole 16-2, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the fertilizer particles (i.e., the "variable diameter" as referred to in this embodiment). The flow area is increased when the agricultural machinery 5 moves at high speed and decreased when the agricultural machinery 5 moves at low speed, thereby improving the control accuracy of fertilizer discharge.

[0055] The mixing of airflow and fertilizer granules helps agricultural machinery 5 meet the needs of smooth, high-volume fertilization during high-speed movement, reducing fertilizer retention time. Simultaneously, the mixing pipeline 11 further delivers fertilizer, lowering the overall height of the operating system and meeting the requirements of high-speed, precision fertilization operations.

[0056] In addition, by utilizing the rotation of the fertilizer equalization cone 17-2 and the partition 17-3, the fertilizer particles at the outlet of the fertilizer box 1 are stirred, thereby achieving the effect of breaking arches and preventing blockages.

[0057] As one possible example, in this embodiment, the box body includes a box bottom 16 and a box lid 19. The box bottom 16 and the box lid 19 are detachably and fixedly connected, and an upper cylinder is connected to the middle of the box lid 19. There are various ways to detachably connect the box bottom 16 and the box lid 19, such as a snap-fit ​​connection. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the box bottom 16 is provided with a lower fixing ear 16-4, and the outer wall of the box lid 19 is provided with an upper fixing ear 19-4. The upper fixing ear 19-4 and the lower fixing ear 16-4 are detachably and fixedly connected by fasteners. The upper fixing ear 19-4 is provided with an upper fixing hole 19-5 for installing fasteners, and the lower fixing ear 16-4 is provided with a lower fixing hole 16-5 for installing fasteners.

[0058] The centrifuge chamber disk 17 also includes a guide cylinder 17-1 located on the upper side of the disk cover 17-4, with the guide cylinder 17-1 connected to the middle of the disk cover 17-4. The guide cylinder 17-1 extends into the upper cylinder, and an upper bearing 18 is provided between the guide cylinder 17-1 and the upper cylinder, with the upper bearing 18 rotating around its axis. The upper bearing 18 enables a rotatable connection between the upper part of the centrifuge chamber disk 17 and the upper part of the box body.

[0059] As a possible example, in this embodiment, the centrifuge chamber disk 17 further includes a central shaft located on the underside of the disk, and a lower cylinder 16-3 is connected to the center of the box bottom 16. The central shaft extends into the lower cylinder 16-3, and a lower bearing 14 is provided between the central shaft and the lower cylinder 16-3, with the lower bearing 14 rotating around its axis. The lower bearing 14 enables a rotatable connection between the lower part of the centrifuge chamber disk 17 and the lower part of the box body.

[0060] As a possible example, in this embodiment, a fertilizer funnel 19-2 is fixed to the upper end of the upper cylinder, with the fertilizer funnel 19-2 centered on the axis. A fixing plate 19-1 is provided at the upper end of the fertilizer funnel 19-2, and the fixing plate 19-1 is used to connect to the outlet of the fertilizer box 1.

[0061] The fertilizer-gathering funnel 19-2 concentrates the fertilizer at the axial position so that the fertilizer can be evenly distributed by the fertilizer-distributing cone 17-2. On the other hand, it slows down the falling speed of the fertilizer and avoids excessive fertilizer accumulation in the centrifuge chamber 17.

[0062] The fixing plate 19-1 has a square hole in the middle, which is the same size as the upper end of the fertilizer funnel 19-2. The fixing plate 19-1 has U-bolt holes and positioning pins around its perimeter. After positioning the fixing plate 19-1 and the fertilizer box 1 with the positioning pins, the fixing plate 19-1 and the fertilizer box 1 are fixedly connected with the U-bolts, which can be easily disassembled and assembled.

[0063] As a possible example, in this embodiment, a pressure-reducing filter 20 is installed inside the fertilizer funnel 19-2. While filtering out impurities, the pressure-reducing filter 20 can reduce the flow resistance of the fertilizer, thereby reducing surface wear on the fertilizer particles.

[0064] As a possible example, in this embodiment, the dispensing hole 16-2 is a tapered hole with its tip pointing downwards, and the through hole 22 is an arc-shaped hole with its centerline forming an arc centered on the axis. The diameter of the end of the arc-shaped hole is the same as the diameter of the circular hole. Depending on the actual needs, those skilled in the art can also choose other shapes for the dispensing hole 16-2 and the through hole 22 (e.g., the through hole 22 is a U-shaped hole), as long as the overlapping area of ​​the two can be adjusted.

[0065] As a possible example, in this embodiment, the airflow distribution pipe 11-1 is annular, with the airflow distribution pipe 11-1 centered on the axis. It is understood that the airflow distribution pipe 11-1 can also be other shapes, such as C-shaped.

[0066] As a possible example, in this embodiment, the first drive component includes a motor 24 and an encoder 23. The motor 24 drives the centrifuge chamber disk 17 to rotate around its axis, and the encoder 23 monitors the rotational speed of the motor 24. Both the motor 24 and the encoder 23 are electrically connected to the control system 2. The encoder 23 feeds back the rotational speed of the motor 24 to the control system 2 in real time, so that the control system 2 can control the motor 24 according to a preset program. For example, the output shaft of the motor 24 can be directly connected to the central shaft at the bottom of the centrifuge chamber disk 17 to drive the centrifuge chamber disk 17.

[0067] As a possible example, in this embodiment, the second drive assembly includes a servo motor 12 and a drive gear 13. The output shaft of the servo motor 12 is connected to the drive gear 13, and the drive gear 13 meshes with a rotating ring 15. The servo motor 12 is electrically connected to the control system 2. The servo motor 12 can provide high rotational control accuracy to achieve precise control of fertilizer pellet discharge.

[0068] For example, both the motor 24 and the servo motor 12 are fixed to the lower surface of the box bottom 16.

[0069] As a possible example, in this embodiment, the gas supply assembly includes a fan 10, an airflow distribution pipe 11-1 connected to an air inlet 11-3, and the fan 10 installed inside the air inlet 11-3. Depending on the actual needs, those skilled in the art may also choose other types of gas supply assemblies such as high-pressure gas cylinders.

[0070] As a possible example, in this embodiment, before the fertilizer discharge operation, it is necessary to test and establish a discharge volume relationship model and a wind speed relationship model. When constructing the discharge volume relationship model, an orthogonal experiment is conducted using rotational speed (rotational speed of centrifugal disk 17), fertilizer flow area (overlapping area between through-hole 22 and distribution hole 16-2), and discharge volume (fertilizer output from fertilizer guide pipe 4) to establish a response surface for rotational speed, fertilizer flow area, and discharge volume to obtain a mathematical model. When constructing the wind speed relationship model, the mathematical relationship between discharge volume and wind speed is determined through experiments with different fertilizer discharge volumes and wind speeds. Finally, the above models are input into the control system 2. During the fertilizer discharge operation, the walking speed of the agricultural machinery 5 is collected in real time using radar, and the rotational speed of the motor 24, the rotation angle of the servo motor 12, and the wind speed of the fan 10 are adjusted in real time according to the pre-applied fertilizer amount.

[0071] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A variable-diameter centrifugal chamber disc-type fertilizer discharge device, characterized in that, include: A centrifuge chamber disk that rotates about an axis, the centrifuge chamber disk comprising a disk bottom, a disk cover, and a partition; The bottom of the tray has a uniform fertilizer cone surface that convexes upwards around the axis, and the edge of the bottom of the tray has an upwardly curved anti-self-flow baffle. The center of the tray cover has a cover hole centered on the axis. The partitions connect the bottom of the tray and the tray cover respectively, and multiple partitions are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis to form multiple distribution chambers evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis. The partitions are curved to increase the speed of fertilizer particles rotating around the axis and reduce the radial speed of fertilizer particles. A box body with a dispensing hole is provided on the outside of the centrifuge chamber plate, and the dispensing hole is provided on the bottom of the box body; a plurality of dispensing holes are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis; the dispensing holes are located on the radial outside of the anti-self-flow baffle. A rotating ring centered on the axis, the rotating ring having a through hole located below the dispensing hole, to adjust the overlapping area of ​​the through hole and the dispensing hole when the rotating ring is rotated; each dispensing hole corresponds to one through hole; the dispensing hole is a tapered hole with its tip pointing downwards, the through hole is an arc hole, and the center line of the arc hole is an arc centered on the axis; A mixing pipeline for mixing airflow into fertilizer includes an airflow distribution pipe and multiple tee pipes; each tee pipe corresponds to one of the through holes; the first end of the tee pipe slides against the lower surface of the rotating ring and is located below the overlapping area; the second end of the tee pipe is connected to the airflow distribution pipe, and the third end of the tee pipe is used to output fertilizer mixed with airflow. A drive system for providing power includes a first drive assembly, a second drive assembly, and an air supply assembly; the first drive assembly drives the centrifugal chamber to rotate around the axis, the second drive assembly drives the centrifugal chamber to rotate around the axis, and the air supply assembly supplies air to the airflow distribution pipe. The control system is used to control the drive system, and the control system controls the operation of the drive system according to its own preset program.

2. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body includes a box bottom and a box cover, the box bottom and the box cover are detachably fixedly connected, and an upper cylinder is connected to the middle of the box cover; the centrifugal chamber also includes a guide cylinder located on the upper side of the cover, and the guide cylinder is connected to the middle of the cover; the guide cylinder extends into the upper cylinder, and an upper bearing is provided between the guide cylinder and the upper cylinder, with the upper bearing rotating around the axis.

3. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centrifuge chamber also includes a central shaft located on the underside of the disc, and a lower cylinder is connected to the center of the bottom of the box; the central shaft extends into the lower cylinder, and a lower bearing is provided between the central shaft and the lower cylinder, with the lower bearing rotating around the axis.

4. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the upper cylinder is fixed with a fertilizer-accumulating funnel, and the fertilizer-accumulating funnel is centered on the axis; a fixing plate is provided at the upper end of the fertilizer-accumulating funnel, and the fixing plate is used to connect to the outlet of the fertilizer box.

5. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fertilizer funnel is equipped with a pressure-reducing filter.

6. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow distribution pipe is circular, with the axis as its center.

7. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drive assembly includes a motor and an encoder. The motor is used to drive the centrifuge chamber to rotate around the axis, and the encoder is used to monitor the rotational speed of the motor. Both the motor and the encoder are electrically connected to the control system.

8. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drive assembly includes a servo motor and a drive gear. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the drive gear. The rotating ring is a gear ring. The drive gear meshes with the gear ring. The servo motor is electrically connected to the control system.

9. The variable diameter centrifugal chamber disc fertilizer discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply assembly includes a fan, the airflow distribution pipe is connected to the air inlet, and the fan is installed inside the air inlet.

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