A crawler beam welding process using fixed tooling

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of welding technology, and provides a track beam welding process using a fixed tool, including a track beam body and a fixed tool, welding each reinforcement plate in the inner cavity of the U-shaped beam; welding each connecting strip between two welding plates; drilling mounting holes on the two welding plates; welding two welding plates to both sides of the U-shaped beam opening; cutting each connecting strip; welding a vertical plate to one end of the U-shaped beam to obtain a cross beam body; the fixed tool includes a base, a first fixed seat, and a movable seat, and the movable seat has different heights, and two welding plates are connected to the first fixed seat; selecting a movable seat of corresponding height, and sleeve the mounting seat on the movable seat; pushing the movable seat so that the mounting seat abuts against the cross beam body; welding the vertical plate and the mounting seat; removing the welding plate from the first fixed seat to obtain the track beam body. The welding process of the present invention has a better welding effect, streamlined operation, and a more beautiful finished product, which solves the technical problem of poor welding effect of the existing track beam welding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to a crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool. Background Art

[0002] Track beam is a kind of engineering machinery component, which is often used in excavators, loaders and other heavy machinery. Its main function is to provide stable support and movement for these machines when the ground is uneven, so as to carry out various engineering operations. In the traditional process, two supporting wheel mounting plates are usually directly welded to the U-beam with a reserved processing allowance in advance. After welding, the supporting wheel mounting plates are skewed due to welding deformation. It is necessary to machine a flat mounting surface and then process the mounting holes of the supporting wheels. In addition, the U-beam is often too long, which leads to distortion after welding. It is impossible to process a row of centered mounting holes on the distorted beam. It needs to be repaired and corrected many times before processing. The operation is complicated, the welding effect is poor, and the strength of the welded structure is low, which may shorten the service life of the track beam. The finished product is poor in appearance. In addition, the current track beam fixing tooling usually requires one tooling for one size, and the tooling is less versatile and cannot be applied to track beams of different sizes. The tooling welding positioning accuracy is low, the efficiency is low, and it cannot meet the requirements of high quality and high precision. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a track beam welding process using a fixed tool, which solves the technical problem of poor welding effect in the existing track beam welding process.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool comprises a crawler beam body and a fixed tool, wherein the crawler beam body comprises a cross beam body and a mounting seat connected to each other, wherein the cross beam body comprises a U-shaped beam, a plurality of reinforcing plates, two welding plates, a plurality of connecting strips, and a vertical plate, and the crawler beam welding process comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, welding the reinforcing plates at intervals in the inner cavity of the U-shaped beam;

[0007] S2, welding each of the connecting strips between the two welding plates;

[0008] S3, drilling a plurality of mounting holes on the two welding plates;

[0009] S4, welding the two welding plates to both sides of the U-shaped beam opening;

[0010] S5, cutting each of the connecting strips;

[0011] S6, welding the vertical plate to one end of the U-shaped beam to obtain a crossbeam body;

[0012] S7, the fixing tool comprises a base, a first fixing seat detachably mounted on the base, and at least one movable seat placed on the base, the movable seats having different heights, and the two welding plates are connected to the first fixing seat;

[0013] S8, the movable seat comprises a first circular plate movably arranged on the base, a fixed column arranged on the first circular plate, and a second circular plate arranged on the top of the fixed column, a movable seat of corresponding height is selected, and the mounting seat is mounted on the movable seat;

[0014] S9, pushing the movable seat to make the mounting seat abut against the beam body;

[0015] S10, welding the vertical plate and the mounting seat, the mounting seat includes a plane plate and a panel, when welding the plane plate and the vertical plate, firstly set a groove on the side of the plane plate connected to the vertical plate, and weld at the groove position, when welding the first layer, the welding current is 220A to 270A, the welding voltage is 20V to 24V, when welding the second layer, the welding current is 350A to 380A, the welding voltage is 34V to 38V, the thickness of each weld after welding is 3mm to 5mm, and the temperature is not more than 150 degrees during the whole welding process;

[0016] S11, disassembling the welding plate from the first fixing seat to obtain the crawler beam body.

[0017] Further:

[0018] One end of the plane plate is in an arc structure, and the other end of the plane plate is welded to the vertical plate. A circular opening is opened on the plane plate. The enclosure plate is U-shaped and welded to the outer surface of the plane plate, and both sides of the opening of the enclosure plate are welded to the vertical plate.

[0019] When welding the plane plate and the enclosure, the weld between the plane plate and the enclosure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm. The weld is divided into a first welding area and a second welding area with the midpoint of the enclosure as the dividing point. When welding the first welding area, an alternating current is passed through the welding gun, and when welding the second welding area, a direct current is passed through the welding gun.

[0020] In step S10, when welding the vertical plate and the enclosure, the welding position is first spot-welded and fixed, and then the welding part is preheated. The preheating temperature is 95 to 105 degrees, and the preheating time is 20 to 30 seconds. Carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is used for multi-layer welding. After welding is completed, carbon dioxide gas is passed until the temperature of the welding position cools to room temperature.

[0021] In the step S10, the angle between the groove and the horizontal plane is 30 to 60 degrees, and 6 to 8 layers of welding are performed at the groove position.

[0022] After the groove is polished, one end of the plane plate is in a trapezoidal structure, and the depth of the groove is 2 cm to 5 cm.

[0023] The first fixing seat includes a first bottom plate fixed to the base by a first bolt, two first support plates vertically arranged on the top of the first bottom plate, a first mounting plate vertically arranged on the top of the first bottom plate and located between the two first support plates, and a plurality of first through holes arranged on the first mounting plate, and the welding plate is fixed to the first mounting plate by a second bolt, and the second bolt passes through the first through hole and the mounting hole.

[0024] The base is provided with a second fixing seat, and the second fixing seat includes a second bottom plate fixed to the base by a third bolt, a second support plate vertically arranged on the top of the second bottom plate, and a second mounting plate vertically arranged on the top of the second bottom plate, the second support plate and the second mounting plate are connected to each other to form a T-shaped structure, a second through hole is provided on the second mounting plate, and the welding plate is fixed to the second mounting plate by a fourth bolt, and the fourth bolt passes through the second through hole and the mounting hole.

[0025] The top surface of the second circular plate is tilted downward in a direction away from the vertical plate, and an end of the second circular plate close to the vertical plate is 2 mm higher than an end away from the vertical plate.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] In the traditional process, two welding plates are usually directly welded to the U-beam with a reserved processing allowance in advance. After welding, the welding plates become skewed due to welding deformation, and a flat mounting surface needs to be machined before the mounting holes of the supporting wheels are machined. In addition, the U-beam is often distorted after welding because it is too long, and a row of centered mounting holes cannot be machined. It needs to be repaired and corrected many times before it can be machined. The present invention pre-selects a connecting strip between the two welding plates to ensure that the two welding plates are parallel, and then directly machines the mounting holes of the supporting wheels, and then welds the whole to the welded U-beam, which effectively absorbs the welding stress together and makes the finished product more beautiful. Moreover, the flatness of the installation surface after welding remains almost unchanged, and there is no need to perform a machining process for plane sweeping. The setting of the connecting strip can also reduce the stress concentration at the welding point, thereby avoiding the adverse effects caused by excessive force on the welding point. In steps S7 to S11, compared with traditional marking welding, the use of fixed tooling can improve the accuracy of welding positioning, thereby improving the welding quality, ensuring the good rate of the finished crawler beam, and is simple to operate, saving time, improving work efficiency and product stability. The movable seat has different heights and can be adapted to crawler beams of various models, so that the fixed tooling has high versatility.

[0028] Furthermore, when welding flat plates and enclosures, the strength of the weld can be improved by switching between direct current and alternating current, and deformation after welding can be greatly reduced;

[0029] Furthermore, the welding process of the vertical plate and the enclosure can effectively prevent the phenomenon of brittle scratches and cold cracks after welding. The use of preheating and carbon dioxide shielding gas can optimize the welding quality and reduce defects and weld marks.

[0030] Furthermore, the design of the groove can ensure that the flat plate and the vertical plate have higher welding quality and strength;

[0031] Furthermore, when the cross beam body is relatively long, a second fixing seat can be installed on the base, and the cross beam body is fixed on the first fixing seat and the second fixing seat at the same time, which will support it more firmly and stably and avoid being top-heavy.

[0032] Furthermore, the structure of the first fixed seat, the second fixed seat and the movable seat has good stability and bearing capacity;

[0033] Furthermore, a slope is set at the second circular plate, and when the mounting base is placed on the second circular plate, the position away from the vertical plate will tilt slightly downward. Due to the welding tensile stress, the position of the flat plate away from the vertical plate will slightly warp upward when the flat plate is welded. Therefore, a slope is set in advance to compensate for the upward height of the flat plate after welding, making the welding smoother and more beautiful. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crawler beam;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the crawler beam from another angle;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the welding plate and the connecting strip;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the crawler beam is fixed on the fixed tooling;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed tooling;

[0039] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a first fixed seat;

[0040] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second fixing seat;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile seat;

[0042] Fig. 9is a side view of a flat plate;

[0043] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the connecting strip is set at an angle.

[0044] In the figure: 1. beam body; 2. mounting seat; 11. U-shaped beam; 12. reinforcement plate; 13. welding plate; 14. connecting strip; 15. vertical plate; 16. lifting ring; 131. mounting hole; 3. base; 4. first fixed seat; 21. plane plate; 22. enclosure; 41. first bottom plate; 42. first support plate; 43. first mounting plate; 44. first through hole; 5. movable seat; 51. first circular plate; 52. fixing column; 53. second circular plate; 6. second fixed seat; 61. second bottom plate; 62. second support plate; 63. second mounting plate; 64. second through hole; 31. long hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0046] refer to Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool, including a crawler beam body and a fixed tool, the crawler beam body includes a cross beam body 1 and a mounting seat 2 connected to each other, the cross beam body 1 includes a U-shaped beam 11, a plurality of reinforcing plates 12, two welding plates 13, a plurality of connecting strips 14, and a vertical plate 15, and the crawler beam welding process includes the following steps:

[0047] S1, welding the reinforcing plates 12 at intervals in the inner cavity of the U-shaped beam 11;

[0048] S2, welding each of the connecting strips 14 between the two welding plates 13;

[0049] S3, drilling a plurality of mounting holes 131 on the two welding plates 13;

[0050] S4, welding the two welding plates 13 to both sides of the opening of the U-shaped beam 11;

[0051] S5, cutting each of the connecting strips 14;

[0052] S6, welding the vertical plate 15 to one end of the U-shaped beam 11 to obtain the crossbeam body 1;

[0053] S7, the fixing tool comprises a base 3, a first fixing seat 4 detachably mounted on the base 3, and at least one movable seat 5 placed on the base 3, wherein the movable seat 5 has different heights, and the two welding plates 13 are connected to the first fixing seat 4;

[0054] S8, the movable seat 5 comprises a first circular plate 51 movably arranged on the base 3, a fixed column 52 arranged on the first circular plate 51, and a second circular plate 53 arranged on the top of the fixed column 52, and a movable seat 5 of a corresponding height is selected, and the mounting seat 2 is mounted on the movable seat 5;

[0055] S9, pushing the movable seat 5 to make the mounting seat 2 abut against the beam body 1;

[0056] S10, welding the vertical plate 15 and the mounting base 2, wherein the mounting base 2 includes a plane plate 21 and a surrounding plate 22. When welding the plane plate 21 and the vertical plate 15, a groove is firstly provided on the side of the plane plate 21 connected to the vertical plate 15, and welding is performed at the groove position. When welding the first layer, the welding current is 230A and the welding voltage is 22V. When welding the second layer, the welding current is 360A and the welding voltage is 36V. The thickness of each weld after welding is 5mm, and the temperature during the whole welding process is not more than 150 degrees.

[0057] S11, disassembling the welding plate 13 from the first fixing seat 4 to obtain the crawler beam body.

[0058] One end of the plane plate 21 is in an arc structure, and the other end of the plane plate 21 is welded to the vertical plate 15. A circular opening is opened on the plane plate 21. The enclosure 22 is U-shaped and welded to the outer surface of the plane plate 21. Both sides of the opening of the enclosure 22 are welded to the vertical plate 15. When welding the plane plate 21 and the enclosure 22, the weld between the plane plate 21 and the enclosure 22 is 0.1 mm. The weld is divided into a first welding area and a second welding area with the midpoint of the enclosure 22 as the dividing point. When welding the first welding area, an alternating current is passed through the welding gun, and when welding the second welding area, a direct current is passed through the welding gun.

[0059] In step S10, when welding the vertical plate 15 and the enclosure 22, the welding position is first spot welded and fixed, and then the welding part is preheated, the preheating temperature is 100 degrees, the preheating time is 20s, and carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is used for multi-layer welding. After welding is completed, carbon dioxide gas is passed until the temperature of the welding position cools to room temperature. In the step S10, the angle between the groove and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and 6 to 8 layers of welding are performed at the groove position. After the groove is polished, one end of the plane plate 21 is a trapezoidal structure, and the depth of the groove is 2cm to 5cm.

[0060] The first fixing seat 4 includes a first bottom plate 41 fixed to the base 3 by a first bolt, two first support plates 42 vertically arranged on the top of the first bottom plate 41, a first mounting plate 43 vertically arranged on the top of the first bottom plate 41 and located between the two first support plates 42, and a plurality of first through holes 44 arranged on the first mounting plate 43. The welding plate 13 is fixed to the first mounting plate 43 by a second bolt, and the second bolt passes through the first through hole 44 and the mounting hole 131. The base 3 is provided with a second fixing seat 6, and the second fixing seat 6 includes a second bottom plate 61 fixed to the base 3 by a third bolt, a second support plate 62 vertically arranged on the top of the second bottom plate 61, and a second mounting plate 63 vertically arranged on the top of the second bottom plate 61. The second support plate 62 and the second mounting plate 63 are connected to each other to form a T-shaped structure, and the second mounting plate 63 is provided with a second through hole 64. The welding plate 13 is fixed to the second mounting plate 63 by a fourth bolt, and the fourth bolt passes through the second through hole 64 and the mounting hole 131. The top surface of the second circular plate 53 is tilted downwardly in a direction away from the vertical plate 15 , and an end of the second circular plate 53 close to the vertical plate 15 is 2 mm higher than an end away from the vertical plate 15 .

[0061] The mounting seat 2 is a mounting seat for the driving wheel of the crawler track, and the welding plate 13 is a mounting plate for the supporting wheel.

[0062] refer to Fig.10 In the above step S3, the connecting strip 14 can also be arranged obliquely between the two welding plates 13, and the angle between the connecting strip 14 and the horizontal plane can be 0 to 5 degrees. Two adjacent connecting strips 14 are arranged symmetrically, and the connecting strip 14 is fixed between the two welding plates 13 by spot welding. The advantage of this structure is that the obliquely arranged connecting strip 14 can enhance the tensile strength of the welding plate 13 in the front-to-back direction, and the spot welding fixation facilitates subsequent cutting and removal of the connecting strip 14.

[0063] In the above step S4, the welding process of the welding plate 13 is as follows: the welding plate 13 is pressed from top to bottom by the U-shaped beam 11, both welding plates 13 are spot welded from the middle to both ends, and then the cover welding is performed at the connection.

[0064] In the above steps S1 to S10, flux may be applied during welding. Flux is a well-known technology. By using flux, welding can be more firm and easier. The specific setting is based on the situation.

[0065] In the above step S10, when the vertical plate 15 and the surrounding plate 22 are welded, the preheating temperature can be 95 degrees to 105 degrees, the preheating time can be 20 seconds to 30 seconds, or other preheating temperatures and preheating times, which can be set according to specific circumstances.

[0066] In the above step S10, when the flat plate 21 and the vertical plate 15 are welded, the thickness of each weld can be 3mm to 5mm, the welding current of the first weld can be 220A to 270A, the welding voltage can be 20V to 24V, the welding current of the second weld can be 350A to 380A, the welding voltage can be 34V to 38V, and nitrogen can be passed through after welding until the temperature of the welding position cools to room temperature. With this welding process, since the thickness of each weld is small, the stress and shrinkage deformation generated during the welding process are relatively small, which is conducive to improving the quality and strength of the welded joint, and can complete multi-layer welding in a short time, and the temperature is low, avoiding the adverse effects of high temperature on the weld.

[0067] A lifting ring 16 may be welded on the U-shaped beam 11 to facilitate lifting the beam body 1 to a fixed fixture.

[0068] A plurality of long holes 31 can be provided on the base 3, and the first fixing seat 4 and the second fixing seat 6 are installed at the positions of the long holes 31. With this structure, the first fixing seat 4 and the second fixing seat 6 can be installed at different positions of the base 3, which is more flexible in use and can be set according to specific circumstances.

[0069] The number of the first fixing seat 4 and the second fixing seat 6 can be one, two, three or even more. The second fixing seat 6 can also adopt the same structure as the first fixing seat 4, or the second fixing seat 6 can be omitted. Usually, the second fixing seat 6 needs to be set when the beam body 1 is long, and it can be set according to specific circumstances.

[0070] A reinforcing rib plate may be provided between the first mounting plate 43 and the first bottom plate 41 , and a reinforcing rib plate may be provided between the second mounting plate 63 and the second bottom plate 61 . The reinforcing rib plate may be in the shape of a triangle, rectangle, trapezoid or other structure, and may be provided according to specific circumstances.

[0071] The movable seat 5 can also be set to a structure that can be lifted up and down. Specifically, it can be designed as follows: the fixed column 52 is replaced by a cylinder, an oil cylinder or other driving mechanism, so that the mounting seat 2 can be automatically driven to lift up and down; or the fixed column 52 is replaced by a lifting column that can be lifted up and down, and the mounting seat 2 can be lifted up and down by manually adjusting the lifting column. With this structure that can be lifted up and down, there is no need to use multiple movable seats 5 of different heights, which can be set according to the specific situation.

[0072] The working mode of the present invention is:

[0073] When the fixed tool is in use, the first fixed seat 4 and the second fixed seat 6 are installed on the base 3, holes are punched on the first mounting plate 43 and the second mounting plate 63 according to the height of the beam body 1, and then the beam body 1 is fixed on the first mounting plate 43 and the second mounting plate 63, and then the welding position of the beam body 1 and the mounting seat 2 is determined, and the movable seat 5 of the corresponding height is selected, the mounting seat 2 is placed on the movable seat 5 and fixed, and the movable seat 5 is pushed to make the beam body 1 and the mounting seat 2 abut against each other, and then the welding operation can be started. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient and quick.

[0074] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made to the present invention in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool, characterized in that: It includes a crawler beam body and a fixing tool. The crawler beam body includes a cross beam body and a mounting seat connected to each other. The cross beam body includes a U-shaped beam, multiple reinforcement plates, two welding plates, multiple connecting strips, and a vertical plate. The crawler beam welding process includes the following steps: S1, welding the reinforcing plates at intervals in the inner cavity of the U-shaped beam; S2, welding each of the connecting strips between the two welding plates; S3, drilling a plurality of mounting holes on the two welding plates; S4, welding the two welding plates to both sides of the U-shaped beam opening; S5, cutting each of the connecting strips; S6, welding the vertical plate to one end of the U-shaped beam to obtain a crossbeam body; S7, the fixing tool comprises a base, a first fixing seat detachably mounted on the base, and at least one movable seat placed on the base, the movable seats having different heights, and the two welding plates are connected to the first fixing seat; S8, the movable seat comprises a first circular plate movably arranged on the base, a fixed column arranged on the first circular plate, and a second circular plate arranged on the top of the fixed column, a movable seat of corresponding height is selected, and the mounting seat is mounted on the movable seat; S9, pushing the movable seat to make the mounting seat abut against the beam body; S10, welding the vertical plate and the mounting seat, the mounting seat includes a plane plate and a panel, when welding the plane plate and the vertical plate, firstly set a groove on the side of the plane plate connected to the vertical plate, and weld at the groove position, when welding the first layer, the welding current is 220A to 270A, the welding voltage is 20V to 24V, when welding the second layer, the welding current is 350A to 380A, the welding voltage is 34V to 38V, the thickness of each weld after welding is 3mm to 5mm, and the temperature is not more than 150 degrees during the whole welding process; S11, disassembling the welding plate from the first fixing seat to obtain the crawler beam body.

2. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the plane plate is in an arc structure, and the other end of the plane plate is welded to the vertical plate. A circular opening is opened on the plane plate. The enclosure plate is U-shaped and welded to the outer surface of the plane plate, and both sides of the opening of the enclosure plate are welded to the vertical plate.

3. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: When welding the plane plate and the enclosure, the weld between the plane plate and the enclosure is 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm. The weld is divided into a first welding area and a second welding area with the midpoint of the enclosure as the dividing point. When welding the first welding area, an alternating current is passed through the welding gun, and when welding the second welding area, a direct current is passed through the welding gun.

4. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S10, when welding the vertical plate and the enclosure, the welding position is first spot-welded and fixed, and then the welding part is preheated. The preheating temperature is 95 to 105 degrees, and the preheating time is 20 to 30 seconds. Carbon dioxide gas shielded welding is used for multi-layer welding. After welding is completed, carbon dioxide gas is passed until the temperature of the welding position cools to room temperature.

5. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S10, the angle between the groove and the horizontal plane is 30 to 60 degrees, and 6 to 8 layers of welding are performed at the groove position.

6. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the groove is polished, one end of the plane plate is in a trapezoidal structure, and the depth of the groove is 2 cm to 5 cm.

7. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixing seat includes a first bottom plate fixed to the base by a first bolt, two first support plates vertically arranged on the top of the first bottom plate, a first mounting plate vertically arranged on the top of the first bottom plate and located between the two first support plates, and a plurality of first through holes arranged on the first mounting plate, and the welding plate is fixed to the first mounting plate by a second bolt, and the second bolt passes through the first through hole and the mounting hole.

8. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with a second fixing seat, and the second fixing seat includes a second bottom plate fixed to the base by a third bolt, a second support plate vertically arranged on the top of the second bottom plate, and a second mounting plate vertically arranged on the top of the second bottom plate, the second support plate and the second mounting plate are connected to each other to form a T-shaped structure, a second through hole is provided on the second mounting plate, and the welding plate is fixed to the second mounting plate by a fourth bolt, and the fourth bolt passes through the second through hole and the mounting hole.

9. The crawler beam welding process using a fixed tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the second circular plate is tilted downward in a direction away from the vertical plate, and an end of the second circular plate close to the vertical plate is 2 mm higher than an end away from the vertical plate.

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