A rapid subgrade support device and system for highway construction

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of highway construction, and specifically to a rapid subgrade support device and system for highway construction. The support device includes a plurality of mutually spliced protection plates for supporting the subgrade; the splicing joints of the protection plates are fixed by a plurality of anchor bolts; the upper part of the protection plate is fixed at the edge of the highway. Through the splicing of a plurality of protection plates and the fixation of anchor bolts, the present invention can quickly complete the support of the subgrade slope, improve the construction efficiency, and shorten the project cycle. Specifically, the protection plate is convenient and simple to install. Once installed, it can support the subgrade, and the protection plate shields the subgrade slope, protecting the subgrade slope from rain erosion and also preventing weeds and shrubs from growing on the subgrade slope in the later stage, achieving a long-term and stable support effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway construction, and particularly to a rapid subgrade support device and system for highway construction. Background Art

[0002] The slope protection and retaining works of the subgrade are mainly divided into vegetation protection, skeleton vegetation protection and masonry protection. Vegetation protection prevents soil erosion through vegetation planting and coverage. However, the vegetation protection has a long effective period. In the short term, the roots of plants are insufficient and it is difficult to form a protection effect in time. Moreover, there is a problem that miscellaneous bushes are likely to grow in the later stage, and frequent maintenance is required. Otherwise, it will cause the drainage system to be blocked, affecting the drainage effect, and ultimately may increase the risk of subgrade collapse. In addition, the skeleton vegetation protection and masonry protection have large quantities of work, long construction periods, high costs, and are difficult to implement.

[0003] Based on the above background, the problems faced by the existing slope protection of the subgrade are: how to shorten the engineering period of subgrade support and form stable and effective protection and retaining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a rapid subgrade support device and system for highway construction to solve the technical problems that the existing slope protection and retaining of the subgrade have a long construction period and cannot achieve long-term stable support effect.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] Provide a rapid subgrade support device for highway construction. The support device includes a plurality of mutually spliced protection plates for supporting the subgrade; the splicing parts of the protection plates are fixed by a plurality of anchor rods; the upper part of the protection plate is fixed at the edge of the highway.

[0007] Furthermore, a groove part for drainage is provided at the lower part of the protection plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a filter plate for anti-blocking is provided in the groove part.

[0009] Furthermore, a coping is provided on the side of the groove part away from the subgrade, and the coping is fixed to the ditch bank of the subgrade for providing support and forming a maintenance walkway.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper part of the protection plate is fixed at the edge of the highway through a guardrail base.

[0011] Furthermore, a splicing platform is provided on one side of the protection plate, and a splicing groove is provided on the other side for flat splicing between adjacent protection plates.

[0012] Furthermore, at least one water discharge port is provided at the part of the protection plate for supporting the subgrade to avoid the bearing movement and landslide of the subgrade, and a waterproof eaves is provided on the water discharge port.

[0013] Furthermore, the protection plate is bent from a metal material, injection-molded from a plastic material, or cast from concrete.

[0014] Furthermore, the anchor rod is in the shape of a screw rod, and a connector is provided at its end for quickly connecting an electric tool and pressing the protection plate.

[0015] On the other hand, a rapid subgrade support system for highway construction is provided. The support system includes the rapid subgrade support device for highway construction as described above, and also includes a plurality of reservoirs and water conservancy devices arranged at intervals for irrigation or cleaning, cooling, and fire fighting of the highway. The reservoir is communicated with the groove part of the protection plate through a drain pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] Through the splicing of multiple protection plates and the fixation of anchor rods, the present invention can quickly complete the support of the subgrade slope, improve the construction efficiency, and shorten the project cycle. Specifically, the protection plate is convenient and simple to install. Once installed, it can support the subgrade, and the protection plate shields the subgrade slope, protecting the subgrade slope from rain erosion and also preventing the growth of weeds and shrubs on the subgrade slope in the later stage, achieving a long-term and stable support effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the support device installed on both sides of the highway in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of "A" in

[0020] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the support device and the highway in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged view of "B" in

[0022] Figure 5 It is a side view of the support device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the support device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structure disassembled schematic view of the support device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0026] 1. Protection plate; 11. Groove part; 12. Coping; 13. Splicing table; 14. Splicing groove; 15. Drainage opening; 16. Waterproof eaves; 2. Anchor bolt; 3. Filter plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the use scenarios of other materials.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides the following preferred embodiments:

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] In order to solve the problems of long construction period and inability to be stably supported for a long time in the existing subgrade support construction of highway slopes, this embodiment proposes a rapid subgrade support device for highway construction, including a protection plate 1 and an anchor bolt 2, so that it can be quickly spliced and fixed to form an effective subgrade support at the edge of the highway.

[0032] As shown in the figure, the support device includes a plurality of mutually spliced protection plates 1 for supporting the subgrade; the splicing joints of the protection plates 1 are fixed by a plurality of anchor bolts 2; the upper part of the protection plate 1 is fixed at the edge of the highway.

[0033] In this embodiment, the support device includes a plurality of protection plates 1, which are designed as modular structures that can be spliced with each other. Each protection plate 1 has an upper part and a lower part, and the upper part is used to be fixed at the edge of the highway. In terms of material selection, preferably, the protection plate 1 can be made of high-strength alloy steel to ensure that it has sufficient strength and durability to resist the influence of the external environment for a long time.

[0034] It should be understood that the splicing of the protection plate 1 is fixed by a plurality of anchor bolts 2. In this embodiment, the anchor bolt 2 is designed in a screw shape, and its feature is that the screw body has an appropriate thread structure to ensure that it can be quickly embedded in the roadbed during installation and tightly fit the protection plate 1 on the roadbed slope. A connecting head is provided at the end of the screw, and through this connecting head, it can be quickly connected to an electric tool for quick installation and disassembly during construction operations. This design not only shortens the construction time required, but also improves the simplicity of the operation.

[0035] Furthermore, the splicing joint between each protection plate 1 is designed with a concave-convex structure, that is, the splicing edge of one protection plate 1 forms a raised part, and the other protection plate 1 forms a corresponding groove part. When the two protection plates 1 are spliced together, the raised part tightly embeds into the groove part to form a tight connection. This design not only helps with quick alignment and splicing, but also greatly enhances the structural strength of the splicing joint, effectively dispersing the external force impact and ensuring the overall stability and firmness of the support device.

[0036] It can be understood that the number and installation positions of the anchor bolts 2 need to be reasonably designed and arranged according to the size of the protection plate 1 and the specific conditions of the roadbed. Generally, each protection plate 1 should be provided with at least four anchor bolts 2, which are respectively located at the four corners of the slope where the protection plate 1 is located, so as to evenly distribute the stress and improve the fixing effect. For some longer protection plates 1 or those that need to bear a greater load, the number of anchor bolts 2 can be increased or their arrangement positions can be adjusted to further enhance the fixing effect.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to further improve the protection effect, when the upper part of the protection plate 1 is fixed to the edge of the road, a expansion joint or a flexible connector can be reserved. This can not only cope with the thermal expansion and contraction problems caused by temperature changes in different seasons, but also relieve the stress concentration when encountering vibrations or extreme weather, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the protection device.

[0038] Furthermore, the material selection of the anchor bolt 2 should also have characteristics such as corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. It can be made of high-strength alloy steel or special polymer materials. In addition, according to the actual operating environment and conditions, the surface of the anchor bolt 2 can also be subjected to protective treatments such as galvanizing and electrophoretic coating to further enhance its weather resistance and service life.

[0039] It should be understood that the length of the anchor bolt 2 and its embedding depth have an important impact on the fixing effect of the protection plate 1. In this embodiment, the length of the anchor bolt 2 is determined according to the depth of the roadbed soil layer and the thickness of the protection plate 1. Generally, the embedding depth of the anchor bolt 2 is not less than one-third of the depth of the roadbed soil layer to ensure a stable anchoring effect.

[0040] The benefits of this embodiment are that the splicing and anchor bolt 2 fixing structure can provide a fast and convenient installation method during construction, improving the efficiency and reliability of subgrade slope support. This structural design enables the protection plate 1 to be firmly fixed at the edge of the road and enhances the stability of the overall existing structure. The use of screw-shaped anchor bolts 2 and connector design, along with the installation using power tools, further improves the installation efficiency, reduces the construction period and labor intensity.

[0041] Embodiment Two

[0042] To solve the problem of subgrade collapse caused by poor drainage systems in existing road construction, this embodiment further optimizes the design of the protection plate 1. Specifically, a groove portion 11 for drainage is provided at the lower part of the protection plate 1 to effectively guide and discharge accumulated water, ensuring the long-term stability of the subgrade.

[0043] In this embodiment, a groove portion 11 extending along the length direction of the protection plate 1 is provided at the lower part of the protection plate 1. The main function of this groove portion 11 is to receive and guide the runoff on the road surface and subgrade slope, preventing the accumulation of water on the subgrade surface, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as softening of subgrade soil and reduction of bearing capacity caused by excessive moisture. The design of the groove portion 11 can be optimized according to the overall dimensions of the protection plate 1, the drainage requirements of the subgrade, and the amount of accumulated water to ensure the efficient operation of the drainage system.

[0044] Furthermore, the shape of the groove portion 11 can be designed as U-shaped, V-shaped, or trapezoidal to adapt to different drainage requirements and construction conditions. The U-shaped groove has a larger volume and is suitable for areas with large precipitation or scenarios with large drainage volumes; the V-shaped groove performs well in terms of force and flow guidance and is suitable for the design of relatively long protection plates 1; the trapezoidal groove combines the characteristics of U-shaped and V-shaped grooves and can, to a certain extent, balance the drainage volume and structural strength.

[0045] It should be understood that the groove portion 11 is not only used as a drainage channel, but its bottom and side wall structures should also have a certain strength and durability to resist long-term water flow impact and external pressure. Based on this, this embodiment selects high-strength materials to manufacture the groove portion 11, such as high-density polyethylene, reinforced concrete, or high-strength composite materials, to ensure that it is not easily damaged during long-term use and can effectively resist corrosion and wear.

[0046] Furthermore, multiple flow guiding plates or filters can be provided in the groove portion 11. The function of these flow guiding plates or filters is to block and filter solid particles, leaves, and other debris flowing into the groove portion 11, avoiding blockage of the groove portion 11, thereby ensuring smooth drainage. The flow guiding plates or filters can be designed to be detachable to facilitate cleaning and replacement during later maintenance.

[0047] It should be understood that the opening position and size of the groove portion 11 need to be coordinated with the structural design of the protection plate 1 to ensure the continuity and efficiency of drainage. Under normal circumstances, the opening of the groove portion 11 should be as close as possible to the edge of the roadbed to capture and guide runoff to the greatest extent. At the same time, the size of the opening should be adjusted according to the specific water flow requirements to avoid poor drainage due to too small an opening or waste of resources due to too large an opening.

[0048] The benefits of this embodiment are that through the groove portion 11 provided at the lower part of the protection plate 1, an efficient drainage function is achieved, thereby effectively alleviating the problems of roadbed softening and reduced bearing capacity caused by water accumulation. The diverse shape design and material selection of the groove portion 11 further enhance its adaptability and durability; the setting of the diversion plate or filter screen provides guarantee for the long-term drainage system, significantly improving the long-term stability and safety of the roadbed, and at the same time facilitating later maintenance and management.

[0049] In addition, the design of the groove portion 11 can be organically combined with the existing highway slope treatment system, not only improving the efficiency of the drainage system, but also providing strong support for the comprehensive use of the protection plate 1. Through the reasonably designed groove portion 11, the overall performance and application benefits of the protection plate 1 are improved, bringing significant technological progress and economic benefits to the highway slope support project.

[0050] Through the structure and method shown in this embodiment, an efficient, reliable and easy-to-maintain rapid roadbed support device can be provided for highway construction, showing superior technical advantages and practical value in improving construction efficiency, reducing construction period and maintenance costs.

[0051] Embodiment Three

[0052] To solve the problem that the groove portion 11 is easily blocked by sundries and causes poor drainage, this embodiment further optimizes the internal structure of the groove portion 11, especially by providing a filter plate 3 for anti-blocking in the groove portion 11. This design aims to effectively block foreign objects from entering the groove portion 11, ensure the long-term smoothness of the drainage system, and thus improve the performance and service life of the roadbed support device.

[0053] In this embodiment, the filter plate 3 can be installed in two main ways: fixed installation and detachable placement. The fixed-installed filter plate 3 can be fixed in the groove portion 11 by embedding or welding. This method can provide a stable filtering effect and is suitable for scenarios with long-term use and low maintenance frequency. The detachable filter plate 3 has higher flexibility, is convenient for regular cleaning and replacement, and is suitable for situations with high maintenance frequency or where the filtering accuracy needs to be adjusted according to seasonal changes.

[0054] Furthermore, regarding the material selection of the filter plate 3, this embodiment recommends using materials that are corrosion-resistant and oxidation-resistant, such as stainless steel, high-strength engineering plastics, or composite materials. The stainless steel filter plate 3 has good strength and durability and is suitable for scenarios that withstand large water flow impacts; the high-strength engineering plastic filter plate 3 is lightweight and easy to process, making it suitable for situations that require frequent replacement; the composite material filter plate 3 can combine the advantages of metals and plastics and achieve a balance in terms of strength and weight.

[0055] It should be understood that the pore size of the filter plate 3 directly affects its filtering effect. In this embodiment, a multi-stage filtering design can be adopted according to the actual use environment and requirements. For example, a coarse filter plate 3 with a larger pore size can be set at the entrance of the groove part 11 to intercept larger sundries such as leaves and stones; a medium filter plate 3 with a moderate pore size can be set in the middle section of the groove part 11 to filter fine particles; a fine filter plate 3 with a smaller pore size can be set at the outlet of the groove part 11 to ensure the cleanliness of the discharged water flow. This multi-stage filtering design can effectively improve the filtering efficiency and extend the maintenance cycle.

[0056] Furthermore, in order to meet the drainage requirements under different seasons and climate conditions, this embodiment can also be set as a filter plate 3 with adjustable pore size. Adopting a double-layer structure, the upper and lower filter plates 3 can change their relative positions by sliding or rotating, thereby adjusting the effective pore size. During the rainy season or periods with heavy precipitation, the pore size can be increased to improve the drainage efficiency; during dry or periods with little precipitation, the pore size can be reduced to improve the filtering accuracy.

[0057] It can be understood that the installation angle of the filter plate 3 affects its filtering effect and self-cleaning ability. This embodiment recommends installing the filter plate 3 at an inclined angle, usually between 15° and 45°. This inclined installation method can utilize the impact force of the water flow to automatically wash down some sundries with the water flow, reducing the risk of blockage and extending the service life of the filter plate 3.

[0058] In order to further improve the anti-blocking ability of the filter plate 3, this embodiment can adopt a special hydrophobic coating treatment on the surface of the filter plate 3. This coating can reduce the adhesion of sundries on the surface of the filter plate 3, making it easier for the sundries to be washed away by the water flow, thereby keeping the surface of the filter plate 3 clean. At the same time, the hydrophobic coating can also reduce the formation of water scale and lower the maintenance cost during long-term use.

[0059] The benefits of this embodiment are that by setting an anti-blocking filter plate 3 in the groove part 11, the problem of easy blockage of the drainage system is effectively solved. The innovative application of the multi-stage filtering design and adjustable pore size enables the drainage system to adapt to the needs of different environments and seasons, improving the adaptability and reliability of the system. The inclined installation and the use of the hydrophobic coating further enhance the self-cleaning ability of the filter plate 3, reducing the maintenance frequency and cost.

[0060] Through the design of the filter plate 3 shown in this embodiment, not only the drainage efficiency and stability of the subgrade support device are improved, but also a convenient and efficient solution is provided for highway construction and maintenance personnel. While ensuring the long-term stability of the subgrade, the workload and cost of later maintenance are also reduced, providing reliable technical support for the long-term safe operation of highway projects.

[0061] Embodiment 4

[0062] To solve the problems of difficult highway slope maintenance and insufficient stability of the subgrade support structure, this embodiment further optimizes the design of the groove part 11. In particular, a sill 12 structure is provided on the side of the groove part 11 away from the subgrade. The sill 12 is also fixed to the gully of the subgrade by the anchor rod 2, which not only provides additional support force but also forms a maintenance walkway convenient for maintenance personnel to operate.

[0063] In this embodiment, the design of the sill 12 fully considers structural strength and practicality. Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the sill 12 is an inverted L shape, the upper horizontal plane forms a walkway, and the vertical part is integrally formed with the groove part 11. This design not only increases the stability of the entire support structure but also provides a safe foothold for maintenance personnel. The width of the sill 12 is usually designed to be 300 - 600 mm, which is sufficient to accommodate one person to pass through, and at the same time, the space limitation of the slope should be considered.

[0064] Furthermore, the fixing method of the sill 12 to the subgrade gully ensures the stability of the entire structure. In this embodiment, it is connected by the anchor rod 2, which is convenient and fast. It can be understood that the pre-embedded steel bar connection technology can also be used. During the construction of the subgrade gully, connecting steel bars are pre-embedded, and these steel bars extend to the reserved position of the sill 12. When installing the sill 12, the sill 12 is tightly connected to the subgrade gully through these pre-embedded steel bars to form an integral structure. To further enhance the connection strength, high-strength epoxy resin glue can be injected at the connection to ensure the structural stability during long-term use.

[0065] It should be understood that the surface treatment of the sill 12 affects the safety of maintenance personnel. In this embodiment, anti-slip treatment can be adopted on the upper surface of the sill 12, including but not limited to spraying anti-slip coatings, pressing anti-slip patterns or embedding anti-slip strips. These measures can effectively reduce the accident risk under wet and slippery conditions and improve the safety of maintenance operations. At the same time, safety guardrails can be set at the edge of the sill 12 to further ensure the operation safety of maintenance personnel.

[0066] It is understandable that the drainage design of the coping 12 is also a consideration factor. In this embodiment, a slight transverse slope of about 1-2% can be set on the surface of the coping 12, so that the accumulated water can flow naturally towards the groove part 11. At the same time, a series of small drainage holes are provided at the connection between the coping 12 and the groove part 11. The diameter of these drainage holes is about 20-30 mm, and they are evenly distributed at intervals of 1-1.5 m, ensuring that the accumulated water on the surface of the coping 12 can be quickly discharged into the groove part 11 to maintain the dry state of the footpath.

[0067] The benefits of this embodiment are that by setting the coping 12 structure, not only the stability of the entire support device is enhanced, but also a safe and convenient passage is provided for daily maintenance work. The anti-slip treatment and the setting of the safety guardrail improve the operation safety of the maintenance personnel. Through the coping 12 design shown in this embodiment, the problems of difficult maintenance of traditional highway slopes and insufficient stability of the support structure are effectively solved. This design not only improves the overall performance of the roadbed support, but also provides convenient conditions for the long-term maintenance and management of the highway, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the highway and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0068] Embodiment Five

[0069] In order to solve the problems of low installation efficiency, material waste and loose connection with existing highway facilities in highway construction, this embodiment further optimizes the fixing method of the protection board 1. Specifically, a structure fixed to the highway edge through a guardrail base is designed at the upper part of the protection board 1. This design not only improves the installation efficiency, but also realizes the organic combination with existing highway facilities, greatly enhancing the stability and safety of the overall structure.

[0070] In this embodiment, the guardrail base is made of high-strength steel, and its structural design fully considers the force analysis and installation convenience. The overall shape of the guardrail base is T-shaped. The horizontal part is used to fix to the highway edge, and the vertical part is connected to the upper part of the protection board 1. The width of the horizontal part is usually designed to be 200-300 mm, and the length can be adjusted according to actual needs, generally 500-800 mm. This design can ensure a large enough contact area with the highway edge without overly occupying the road surface space.

[0071] Furthermore, multiple fixing methods are adopted for the fixation of the guardrail base to the highway edge to ensure the stability and safety during long-term use. First, multiple bolt holes are reserved on the horizontal part of the guardrail base, and it is tightly connected to the concrete structure of the highway edge through high-strength expansion bolts. Secondly, anti-slip patterns and adhesive coatings are designed on the bottom surface of the horizontal part to increase the friction and adhesion with the road surface. Finally, high-performance epoxy resin glue is injected at the key positions where the guardrail base contacts the highway edge to further enhance the connection strength and play a role in waterproof sealing at the same time.

[0072] It should be understood that the connection method between the guardrail base and the upper part of the protection plate 1 directly affects the performance of the entire support device. In this embodiment, an adjustable card slot connection structure is adopted. A series of evenly spaced card slots are designed on the vertical part of the guardrail base, and corresponding claws are provided on the upper part of the protection plate 1. This design allows the protection plate 1 to adjust its height and angle within a certain range to adapt to different terrain conditions and installation requirements. At the same time, an elastic material gasket is used between the card slot and the claw, which can not only increase the connection stability but also buffer external impact forces to a certain extent.

[0073] Furthermore, in order to improve the seismic performance of the entire system, a shock absorption device can be designed at the connection between the guardrail base and the protection plate 1 in this embodiment. The shock absorption device can be composed of rubber and metal springs, which can effectively absorb the vibrations generated by earthquakes or vehicle collisions and protect the protection plate 1 and the roadbed structure. The parameters of the shock absorption device can be optimized and adjusted according to the seismic zone level and traffic flow of the actual installation location to achieve the best shock absorption effect.

[0074] It can be understood that the anti-corrosion treatment of the guardrail base can extend the service life of the entire support device. A multi-layer anti-corrosion process can be adopted. First, the steel is subjected to hot-dip galvanizing treatment, then an epoxy resin primer is coated, and finally a high weather resistance polyurethane topcoat is sprayed. The multi-layer anti-corrosion process can effectively resist the erosion of various harsh climate conditions and ensure that the guardrail base maintains good performance during long-term use.

[0075] In order to further improve the installation efficiency and accuracy, dedicated installation tools and positioning devices can be set in this embodiment. The installation tools include an adjustable support frame and a dedicated torque wrench. The support frame can temporarily fix the protection plate 1, enabling the installer to precisely adjust the position; the dedicated torque wrench ensures that all bolts can reach the tightening torque required by the design. The positioning device includes a laser level and a quick alignment scale, which can quickly ensure that multiple guardrail bases are on the same horizontal line, improving the overall installation accuracy and aesthetics.

[0076] The benefits of this embodiment are that by tightly connecting the protection plate 1 to the highway edge through the guardrail base, not only the installation efficiency is improved, but also the stability of the entire support device is greatly enhanced. The introduction of the adjustable connection structure and the shock absorption device makes the support system have better adaptability and seismic performance. The comprehensive anti-corrosion treatment ensures the reliability and durability during long-term use.

[0077] Through the design shown in this embodiment, the problems existing in the installation of the traditional protective plate 1, such as low efficiency, material waste, and loose connection, are effectively solved. This design not only simplifies the installation process, reduces the construction cost, but also improves the overall performance of the entire subgrade support system through the organic combination with existing highway facilities. At the same time, the application of special tools and positioning devices further improves the installation quality and efficiency, providing more reliable and efficient technical support for highway construction and maintenance.

[0078] Embodiment Six

[0079] In order to solve the problems such as loose connection between the protective plates 1, uneven splicing surface, and insufficient waterproof performance in highway construction, this embodiment further optimizes the edge structure design of the protective plate 1. Specifically, splicing platforms 13 and splicing grooves 14 are respectively arranged on both sides of the protective plate 1. This design not only ensures the precise docking and flat splicing between adjacent protective plates 1, but also improves the stability and waterproof performance of the overall structure.

[0080] In this embodiment, the design of the splicing platform 13 and the splicing groove 14 fully considers material properties, force analysis, and construction convenience. The splicing platform 13 is integrally formed with the main body of the protective plate 1, usually made of high-strength composite materials or special engineering plastics. Its cross-sectional shape is rectangular or trapezoidal. It can be understood that the size of the splicing platform 13 needs to consider the diameter of the anchor rod 2. Preferably, the cross-section is trapezoidal because the trapezoidal design is beneficial to increasing the contact area and improving the connection strength. The splicing groove 14 is matched with the shape of the splicing platform 13, and the inner wall is slightly larger than the external size of the splicing platform 13, leaving a gap of 0.5 - 1 mm for easy installation and adjustment.

[0081] Furthermore, in order to enhance the sealing performance at the splicing part, this embodiment can design multiple sealing grooves on the contact surface of the splicing platform 13 and the splicing groove 14. These sealing grooves are distributed in a wavy shape, with the width of each sealing groove being about 2 - 3 mm and the depth being 1 - 2 mm. During installation, a high-performance elastic sealant, such as polyurethane sealant or silicone sealant, is injected into the sealing grooves. This design not only improves the waterproof performance, but also can absorb the stress caused by vibration and thermal expansion and contraction to a certain extent.

[0082] In order to facilitate on-site installation and later maintenance, this embodiment considers the adjustability in the design of the splicing platform 13 and the splicing groove 14. The height difference and gap between adjacent protective plates 1 can be controlled. This design can not only adapt to the slight changes in the terrain, but also can be finely adjusted after installation to ensure the flatness during long-term use.

[0083] Furthermore, considering the thermal expansion and contraction problems under extreme weather conditions, a temperature compensation mechanism can be introduced into the splicing structure in this embodiment. A layer of thermal expansion material can be provided between the splicing table 13 and the splicing groove 14, and this material can automatically adjust its thickness according to temperature changes, thereby compensating for the dimensional changes caused by temperature changes and maintaining the tightness and flatness at the splicing point.

[0084] The benefits of this embodiment are as follows. Through the structures of the splicing table 13 and the splicing groove 14, the connection quality between adjacent protective plates 1 and the stability of the overall structure are improved. The application of the multi-layer sealing design and material technology enhances the waterproof performance and durability of the protection system. The adjustable mechanism and temperature compensation design facilitate the maintenance and adjustment during long-term use.

[0085] Through the splicing structure design shown in this embodiment, the problems existing in the splicing of traditional protective plates 1, such as unevenness, poor sealing performance, and insufficient adaptability, are effectively solved. This design not only improves the construction efficiency and quality but also extends the service life of the highway support system by enhancing the stability and waterproof performance of the overall structure. At the same time, the application of advanced materials and processes provides a new technical direction for the protection system in highway engineering, contributing to the improvement of the overall level of highway construction and maintenance.

[0086] Embodiment Seven

[0087] To solve the problems of potential safety hazards such as soil erosion and landslides that are likely to occur in the highway subgrade during the rainy season, and the reduction of the subgrade bearing capacity caused by poor drainage of the traditional protection structure, this embodiment further optimizes the drainage design of the protective plate 1. Specifically, at least one drain outlet 15 is provided in the part of the protective plate 1 that supports the subgrade, and a waterproof eaves 16 is installed on the drain outlet 15. This design not only effectively drains the accumulated water inside the subgrade but also prevents the direct intrusion of external rainwater, thus significantly improving the stability and safety of the subgrade.

[0088] In this embodiment, the design of the drain outlet 15 fully considers the principles of hydraulics and the drainage requirements of the subgrade. The drain outlet 15 adopts a circular or strip-shaped design, and the quantity and distribution can be adjusted according to the water content and drainage requirements of the subgrade.

[0089] Furthermore, to improve the drainage efficiency and prevent the drain outlet 15 from being blocked, a filtering system can be provided inside the drain outlet 15 in this embodiment. This system consists of multiple layers of metal grids with different pore sizes, and the pore sizes gradually decrease from the inside to the outside. It can be understood that the filtering system is used to prevent sediment from flowing out through the drain outlet 15. Of course, the vegetation growing at the drain outlet 15 can form a natural "filtering structure", so an additional filtering system can also be not set to reduce the production cost.

[0090] It should be understood that the design of the waterproof eaves 16 is used to prevent external rainwater from directly entering the roadbed. The waterproof eaves 16 of this embodiment can not only effectively block the rainwater from above, but also guide the water flow discharged from the drain outlet 15 away from the roadbed.

[0091] Furthermore, in order to strengthen the intelligent management of the entire drainage system, sensor systems can be installed around the drain outlet 15 at intervals in this embodiment. It includes a water flow sensor, a humidity sensor, and a turbidity sensor. The water flow sensor can monitor the drainage situation in real time, the humidity sensor is used to detect the water content of the roadbed, and the turbidity sensor can judge the sediment content of the discharged water. These data are analyzed by the built-in microprocessor and transmitted to the central monitoring system, providing real-time and accurate data support for roadbed management.

[0092] Furthermore, in order to adapt to different geographical environments and climatic conditions, the drainage system of this embodiment is designed with an adjustable mechanism. A rotatable adjustment ring is provided around the drain outlet 15, and the effective area of the drain outlet 15 can be changed by rotating the adjustment ring. In arid areas or during the rainy season, the area of the drain outlet 15 can be appropriately increased to accelerate the drainage speed; while in areas or seasons with less rainfall, the area of the drain outlet 15 can be reduced to maintain an appropriate water content of the roadbed. This adjustable design improves the adaptability of the system.

[0093] Furthermore, considering the drainage requirements under extreme weather conditions, an emergency drainage system can be designed at the bottom of the protection plate 1 in this embodiment. The emergency drainage system is usually in a closed state and can be opened through a remote control or an automatic trigger mechanism when it is detected that the water content of the roadbed rises sharply. The emergency drainage system consists of a series of large-diameter drain pipes, which can discharge a large amount of accumulated water in a short time and effectively prevent the risk of landslides caused by extreme weather such as heavy rain on the roadbed.

[0094] The benefits of this embodiment are that through the structures of the drain outlet 15 and the waterproof eaves 16, the problems of roadbed drainage and waterproofing are effectively solved. The application of the filtration system and sensors ensures long-term stable drainage effects and real-time monitoring capabilities. The introduction of the adjustable mechanism and the emergency drainage system greatly improves the adaptability and safety of the drainage system.

[0095] Through the drainage design shown in this embodiment, the problems of poor drainage and poor waterproof performance existing in traditional roadbed protection are effectively solved. This design not only improves the stability and safety of the roadbed, but also provides more scientific and efficient technical support for highway maintenance through intelligent management and adjustable mechanisms.

[0096] Embodiment VIII

[0097] To address issues such as the single material selection, great limitations in manufacturing processes, and insufficient adaptability of the protective plate 1 in highway construction, this embodiment further optimizes the material selection and manufacturing process of the protective plate 1, and specifically proposes three manufacturing methods: bending of metal materials, injection molding of plastic materials, and casting of concrete. This diversified material and process selection not only improves the adaptability and performance of the protective plate 1, but also provides more technical solutions for different construction environments and requirements.

[0098] In this embodiment, the bending process of metal materials mainly uses high-strength alloy steel plates, such as Q345qE steel or 316L stainless steel. The thickness of the steel plate is usually 3 - 5 mm, which can be adjusted according to actual needs. The bending process uses a numerical control bending machine, combined with heat treatment technology, to ensure the strength and toughness of the bent part. The bending angle is precisely controlled within the range of ±0.1° to ensure the geometric accuracy of the protective plate 1. To improve the corrosion resistance of the protective plate 1, hot-dip galvanizing treatment is carried out after bending, and the coating thickness is controlled within 60 - 80 μm. In addition, a layer of epoxy resin powder coating with a thickness of about 100 μm is applied on the galvanized layer to form a double anti-corrosion protection.

[0099] Furthermore, the injection molding process of plastic materials selects high-performance engineering plastics, such as fiber-reinforced polycarbonate (PC) or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). These materials have excellent mechanical properties, weather resistance, and flame retardancy. The injection process uses two-color injection technology, with high-strength fiber-reinforced materials used for the inner layer and nano-composite materials with self-cleaning functions used for the outer layer. The injection temperature is precisely controlled within the range of ±2℃, and the mold temperature control system uses oil heating to ensure uniform temperature distribution. The injection pressure is adjusted in real time through a closed-loop control system to ensure that there are no bubbles and defects inside the product. The formed protective plate 1 also undergoes stress relief treatment to improve the dimensional stability during long-term use.

[0100] It should be understood that the casting process of concrete uses high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (HPFRC). A variety of fiber materials are added to this concrete, including steel fibers, carbon fibers, and polyethylene fibers, and the total fiber volume ratio is controlled within 2 - 3%. Low-heat Portland cement is selected as the cement, with an admixture amount of 450 - 500 kg / m³. To improve the fluidity and workability of the concrete, high-performance water reducers and expansion agents are added, and the water-cement ratio is controlled within 0.32 - 0.35. The self-consolidating concrete technology is used during the casting process to achieve dense molding without vibration. The curing process uses a temperature and humidity control system to ensure that the concrete sets and hardens under optimal conditions.

[0101] It can be understood that the protective plates 1 of different materials and processes are suitable for different application scenarios. The metal bent protective plate 1 is suitable for temporary or high-specification projects that require frequent disassembly, assembly, or adjustment due to its high strength and good processing performance. The plastic injection-molded protective plate 1 is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy to transport, making it suitable for environments with strong chemical corrosion or where rapid installation is required. The concrete cast protective plate 1 has good durability and stability, making it suitable for scenarios with long-term fixed use, especially in high embankment sections that bear large lateral pressures.

[0102] Furthermore, considering the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development, the concept of recycling is introduced in the material selection and manufacturing process of this embodiment. The metal protective plate 1 uses partially recycled steel, the plastic protective plate 1 uses degradable bio-based materials, and the concrete protective plate 1 incorporates a certain proportion of recycled aggregates. These measures not only reduce the raw material cost but also minimize the impact on the environment.

[0103] The benefits of this embodiment are that, through diverse material selection and advanced manufacturing processes, the adaptability and performance of the protective plate 1 are improved. Through the diversified design of the protective plate 1 shown in this embodiment, the limitations of traditional protective plates 1 in material selection and manufacturing processes are effectively addressed. This design not only enhances the overall performance and adaptability of the protective plate 1 but also provides a more comprehensive and cutting-edge technical solution for highway engineering through the environmentally friendly design concept.

[0104] Embodiment Nine

[0105] To solve problems such as poor anchoring effect, low installation efficiency, and insufficient anti-landslide performance in subgrade support during highway construction, the structural design of the anchor rod 2 is further refined in this embodiment. A screw-shaped design is adopted, and a special connector is provided at its end. This design not only improves the fixing effect and installation efficiency of the anchor rod 2 but also enhances the resistance to lateral sliding of the subgrade through the spiral structure, effectively preventing landslides.

[0106] In this embodiment, the anchor rod 2 is made of high-strength alloy steel material, such as 42CrMo steel, and its yield strength reaches over 800 MPa after heat treatment. The overall length of the anchor rod 2 is adjustable according to the subgrade depth and is usually 0.5 - 3 meters. The outer diameter of the screw part is 30 - 50 mm, and the inner diameter is 20 - 35 mm, forming a hollow structure to reduce weight. The thread uses trapezoidal threads with a pitch of 50 - 80 mm and a thread height of 8 - 12 mm. This thread design not only increases the contact area with the soil but also improves the anchoring strength. In addition, the surface of the screw should be treated against corrosion, using hot-dip galvanizing plus an epoxy resin coating with a total coating thickness of 200 - 250 μm to ensure long-term use in complex geological environments.

[0107] Furthermore, the design of the helical blades of the anchor rod 2 fully considers the soil mechanics principle. The blades adopt a variable pitch design, with a smaller pitch of about 40 - 60 mm near the tip, gradually increasing to 80 - 100 mm near the connector part. This design can gradually compact the soil during the insertion process, improving the anchoring effect. The blade thickness is 5 - 8 mm, and the edge is specially hardened to improve wear resistance and cutting ability.

[0108] It should be understood that the connector at the end of the anchor rod 2 is designed for quick installation and clamping of the protective plate 1. The connector is made of high-strength alloy material and is generally integrally formed with the anchor rod 2. The end of the connector is provided with an angular structure that can be matched with standard power tools.

[0109] It can be understood that the installation process of the anchor rod 2 affects its performance. During installation, first use a guide to ensure that the anchor rod 2 is perpendicular to the ground. Then, use a variable-frequency power tool for installation, with the initial rotation speed set at 60 - 80 rpm, gradually increasing to 120 - 150 rpm as it goes deeper. During the installation process, by monitoring the torque change in real time, the soil density and anchoring effect can be judged. When the torque reaches the preset value, the system will automatically stop to ensure that the anchor rod 2 is installed to the appropriate depth.

[0110] Furthermore, considering the adaptability requirements under different geological conditions, this embodiment proposes a modular anchor rod 2 system. The main body of the anchor rod 2 consists of multiple standard units with a length of 0.25 - 1 meter, which can be quickly assembled according to actual needs. Each unit is connected by a locking mechanism, which not only ensures the connection strength but also facilitates on-site length adjustment. In addition, different specifications of helical blades are designed, and the appropriate configuration can be selected according to the soil conditions.

[0111] The benefits of this embodiment are that the fixing effect and installation efficiency of the anchor rod 2 are improved through the screw-like design. The modular design further enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the system. Through the design of the anchor rod 2 shown in this embodiment, the deficiencies of traditional anchor rods 2 in terms of fixing effect, installation efficiency, and anti-slope performance are effectively solved. This design not only improves the overall quality and safety of subgrade support but also provides a more flexible technical solution for highway engineering through the modular design concept.

[0112] Embodiment Ten

[0113] To address the issues of low water resource utilization efficiency in highway construction, insufficient coordination between subgrade support and the surrounding environment, and the lack of a flexible water resource management system during highway operation, this embodiment further proposes a rapid subgrade support system, introducing a multi-functional reservoir and water conservancy devices. This design not only improves the utilization efficiency of water resources but also enhances the environmental adaptability and versatility of the support system, providing solutions for highway greening irrigation, temperature regulation, cleaning and maintenance, and fire emergency response.

[0114] In this embodiment, the reservoir adopts a steel-concrete structure, and the inner wall is treated with an epoxy resin coating to ensure the anti-leakage performance for long-term use. The capacity of the reservoir is designed according to the local precipitation and water demand, usually ranging from 50 to 200 cubic meters. The pool body can adopt a modular design, with each module having a capacity of 10 cubic meters, and can be combined according to actual needs. A sedimentation area is set at the bottom of the reservoir, adopting a multi-stage filtration system, including a coarse grille, a fine grille, and an activated carbon filtration layer, to ensure water quality. A breathable membrane is provided at the top of the pool body, which can prevent debris from entering while allowing air circulation, reducing water body corruption.

[0115] Furthermore, the water conservancy device can include a water pump system, a pipeline network, and a control unit. The water pump selected is a variable-frequency submersible pump, with a power range of 5 - 15 kW, which can automatically adjust the output according to water demand. The pipeline network adopts PE pipes, with a pipe diameter of 50 - 150 mm, and the buried depth is not less than 80 cm to prevent freezing and cracking. Valves are set at key nodes of the pipeline to achieve remote control and zoned water supply. The control unit adopts a PLC system, combined with meteorological sensors and soil moisture sensors, to achieve intelligent irrigation adjustment.

[0116] It should be understood that the connection between the reservoir and the groove of the protective plate 1 affects the effective collection of the reservoir water volume. A flexible joint can be used at the connection, which can adapt to displacements caused by ground settlement and temperature changes. The drain pipe adopts a DN200 HDPE pipe, with a slope of not less than 2% to ensure smooth drainage. A detachable filtering device is set at the inlet of the drain pipe to prevent large particle impurities from entering the reservoir.

[0117] Furthermore, to improve the functionality of the system, this embodiment sets up a multi-functional pumping station around the reservoir. The pumping station is equipped with a high-pressure water pump and a fire pump, which can be used for highway cleaning and emergency fire fighting.

[0118] It can be understood that the efficient utilization of water resources requires an accurate management system. This embodiment develops a set of intelligent water resource management platform, integrating multi-source information such as meteorological data, soil moisture data, and traffic flow data.

[0119] To further improve the environmental friendliness of the system, floating solar panels are installed on the top of the reservoir in this embodiment. These solar panels can not only provide clean energy for the water pump and control system, but also reduce water evaporation and inhibit algae growth. The solar panels are made of high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon material, with a conversion efficiency of 22% and a peak power of about 200W per square meter. An automatic cleaning system is provided under the panels to ensure long-term efficient operation.

[0120] Furthermore, considering the differences in water usage requirements under different seasons and weather conditions, this embodiment can also integrate a dynamic water level management system. During the rainy season, the system will reserve more water storage space to cope with possible heavy rains; during the dry season, it will maintain a relatively high water level to ensure water supply security. The system automatically adjusts the height of the overflow outlet and the drainage rate through water level sensors and forecast data to achieve optimal water resource management.

[0121] To enhance the ecological function of the system, a small wetland ecosystem is designed around the reservoir in this embodiment. Native aquatic plants such as reeds and cattails are selected, which can not only purify the water quality, but also provide habitats for small animals and increase biodiversity. This design not only beautifies the highway environment, but also improves the ecological value of water resources.

[0122] The benefits of this embodiment are that through the integrated water resource management system, the water resource utilization efficiency during highway construction and operation is significantly improved. The intelligent control system and multifunctional design provide strong support for the daily maintenance and emergency response of the highway. The ecological design further enhances the environmental friendliness of the system.

[0123] Through the design of the subgrade rapid support system shown in this embodiment, the problems of decentralized water resource management and single function in traditional highway engineering are effectively solved. This design not only improves the overall efficiency and safety of highway construction and operation, but also provides a more comprehensive and sustainable technical solution for highway engineering through intelligent and ecological design concepts. At the same time, the application of multifunctional integration and intelligent management opens up new ideas for highway water resource utilization, helps to improve the environmental adaptability and social value of highway engineering, and promotes the development of highway construction towards a more green and intelligent direction.

[0124] The beneficial effects of the present invention are specifically reflected in the above. This is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid subgrade support device for highway construction, characterized in that, The support device includes a plurality of spliced protection plates (1) for supporting the roadbed; the splicing joints of the protection plates (1) are fixed by a plurality of anchor rods (2); the upper part of the protection plate (1) is fixed at the edge of the road; A groove part (11) for drainage is provided at the lower part of the protection plate (1), a ledge (12) is provided on the side of the groove part (11) away from the roadbed, and the ledge (12) is fixed to the ditch of the roadbed for providing support and forming a maintenance path; The upper part of the protection plate (1) is fixed to the edge of the road through a guardrail base; The anchor rod (2) is in the shape of a screw rod, and a connector is provided at its end for quickly connecting an electric tool and pressing the protection plate (1); When the upper part of the protection plate (1) is fixed to the edge of the road, an expansion joint or a flexible connector is reserved to relieve stress concentration and cope with the thermal expansion and contraction problems caused by seasonal temperature changes; A filter plate (3) for anti-blocking is provided in the groove part (11). The filter plate (3) adopts a double-layer structure, and the upper and lower filter plates (3) can change their relative positions by sliding or rotating to set an adjustable aperture, and the filter plate (3) is installed at an angle of 15° to 45°; The vertical part of the guardrail base is provided with evenly spaced card slots, and corresponding claws are provided on the upper part of the protection plate (1) for adjusting the height and angle of the protection plate (1) to adapt to different terrain conditions and installation requirements; A shock absorption device is provided at the connection between the guardrail base and the protection plate 1 to absorb the vibration generated by an earthquake or vehicle collision; A splicing platform (13) is provided on one side of the protection plate (1), and a splicing groove (14) is provided on the other side for flat splicing between adjacent protection plates (1); a thermal expansion material is provided between the splicing platform (13) and the splicing groove (14) to compensate for the dimensional changes caused by temperature changes and maintain the flatness of the splicing joint.

2. The subgrade rapid support device for highway construction according to claim 1, wherein, At least one water discharge port (15) is provided at the part of the protection plate (1) for supporting the roadbed to avoid the bearing movement and landslide of the roadbed, and a waterproof eaves (16) is provided on the water discharge port (15).

3. The rapid subgrade support device for highway construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection plate (1) is bent from a metal material or injection molded from a plastic material or cast from concrete.

4. A rapid subgrade support system for highway construction, characterized in that, The support system includes the rapid roadbed support device for road construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and further includes: A plurality of spaced reservoirs and water conservancy devices for irrigation or cleaning, cooling and fire fighting of the road. The reservoirs are communicated with the groove part (11) of the protection plate (1) through a drain pipe; A water flow sensor, a humidity sensor and a turbidity sensor. The water flow sensor is used for real-time monitoring of the drainage situation, the humidity sensor is used for detecting the water content of the roadbed, and the turbidity sensor is used for judging the sediment content of the discharged water; An emergency drainage system is arranged at the bottom of the protection plate (1). The emergency drainage system is usually in a closed state and is opened by a remote control or an automatic trigger mechanism when it is monitored that the water content of the roadbed rises sharply; A floating solar panel installed on top of the reservoir to provide electrical energy, reduce water evaporation, and inhibit algal growth; And a dynamic water level management system that automatically adjusts the height of the overflow opening and the drainage rate through water level sensors and forecast data to optimize water resource management.

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