Tunnel blasting grooving device and grooving method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel blasting grooving device and a grooving method, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation devices. The tunnel blasting grooving device includes a sleeve, which is rotatably arranged on a mounting plate, which is fixed on the end of a large arm, and a rotating structure for driving the sleeve to rotate is arranged on the mounting plate, and a mounting cylinder is arranged inside the sleeve, and the mounting cylinder is sleeved on the outside of a drill rod, and the drill rod, the mounting cylinder and the sleeve are arranged coaxially, and a plurality of cutters are slidably arranged on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, and a sliding structure for driving the cutters to slide is arranged on the drill rod, and a reset structure for resetting the cutters is arranged on the mounting cylinder, and a limiting groove for limiting the position of the cutters is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the end of the drill rod is connected to the drill bit through a connecting rod, and a positioning structure for positioning the mounting cylinder is arranged on the drill rod. The tunnel blasting grooving device and the grooving method described in the present invention can solve the problems that the angle of the existing grooving device cannot be adjusted, the positioning effect of the cutter is poor, and the cutter is not easy to recover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation devices, and in particular to a tunnel blasting grooving device and a grooving method. Background Art

[0002] Drilling and blasting, also known as blasting excavation, is a construction technology widely used in geotechnical engineering, especially in the fields of tunneling, mining, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and underground space construction. This method combines two main steps, drilling and blasting. The specific process is as follows: 1. Drilling: First, according to the designed excavation section and blasting plan, a series of blastholes are drilled on the rock surface or the excavated surface. These blastholes are arranged in a certain layout, such as circular, elliptical or other shapes, to ensure that the rock can be broken in the expected way after blasting and facilitate slag removal. The hole diameter, depth and spacing are determined according to the rock properties, explosive performance and the required blasting effect. 2. Charging: Explosives are loaded into the drilled blastholes. Explosives usually include main explosives (such as ammonium oil explosives, ammonium nitrate explosives) and detonating materials (such as detonators). The amount and layout of the explosives need to be precisely controlled during the charging process to achieve uniform crushing and reduce damage to the surrounding rock mass. 3. Then the blasting is carried out through connection and detonation. The advantage of the drilling and blasting method is that it can adapt to a variety of geological conditions and is particularly suitable for hard rock excavation in tunnel construction.

[0003] In the drilling process, a rock drill is generally used to drive the drill rod and the drill bit through the boom to drill holes. The holes are generally circular holes to facilitate the loading of explosives. However, when the explosives are blasted, there are areas that are not covered or repeated between the circular holes, resulting in over-excavation or under-excavation of the excavation section. In order to overcome the problems existing in the blasting of circular holes, a special-shaped hole has now been derived, that is, a groove is excavated on the inner wall of the circular hole, and stress concentration is generated at the groove during blasting to change the blasting conditions. The excavation of special-shaped holes requires a cutter to be set on the drill hole so that the groove cutting operation can be performed synchronously during drilling. The cutter needs to move synchronously with the drill rod, but the cutter cannot rotate to ensure the straightness of the groove. This requires the positioning of the cutter.

[0004] The existing patent CN202211192698.2 discloses a special-shaped hole slotting cutter head orienting device based on the drilling rig arm of a rock drilling rig, which relates to the technical field of special-shaped hole slotting blasting, including a slotting cutter head assembly, a connecting rod assembly is arranged throughout the interior of the slotting cutter head assembly, a drill bit is fixedly installed on one end of the connecting rod assembly, and a push rod assembly is fixedly installed on the other end of the connecting rod assembly, and a rotation limit assembly is arranged on the upper end of the slotting cutter head assembly, and the rotation limit assembly includes a fixed angle steel of the trolley boom, a rotation limit rod and a structural angle steel, and the structural angle steel is fixedly installed on the lower end of the fixed angle steel of the trolley boom. When the drilling rig is drilling, the slotting cutter head is synchronously rotated, positioned and pushed forward, so that the slotting direction is along the designed contour line of the tunnel, thereby having an energy gathering effect during blasting, effectively reducing the over-excavation phenomenon, improving the blasting efficiency, and improving the current situation of poor directional effect of existing special-shaped hole slotting, providing great convenience for blasting and excavation work. However, in the above patent, the grooving cutter is limited only by rotating the limit rod, which has a poor limiting effect on the grooving cutter. In addition, the angle of the grooving cutter cannot be adjusted, and it can only cut grooves in a certain direction, which has poor adaptability. When the grooving cutter is pulled out and recovered with the drill pipe, the grooving cutter is always in the groove, and the grooving cutter is not pulled out smoothly, which easily causes the cutter head or blade to get stuck. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel blasting grooving device and a grooving method, so as to solve the problems that the angle of the existing grooving device cannot be adjusted, the tool positioning effect is poor, and the tool is not easy to recover.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a tunnel blasting grooving device, including a sleeve, which is rotatably arranged on a mounting plate, the mounting plate is fixed to the end of a boom, a rotating structure for driving the sleeve to rotate is arranged on the mounting plate, a mounting cylinder is arranged inside the sleeve, the mounting cylinder is sleeved on the outside of a drill rod, the drill rod, the mounting cylinder and the sleeve are coaxially arranged, a plurality of cutters are slidably arranged on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, a sliding structure for driving the cutters to slide is arranged on the drill rod, a resetting structure for resetting the cutters is arranged on the mounting cylinder, a limiting groove for limiting the cutters is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, the end of the drill rod is connected to the drill bit through a connecting rod, and a positioning structure for positioning the mounting cylinder is arranged on the drill rod.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning structure includes a mounting rod, the drill rod is connected to the connecting rod via the mounting rod, the drill rod and the connecting rod are respectively located at two ends of the mounting tube, the drill rod and the mounting rod are an integral structure, a first positioning surface for positioning the mounting tube is provided between the drill rod and the mounting rod, the outer diameter of the connecting rod is larger than the outer diameter of the mounting rod, and a second positioning surface for positioning the mounting tube is provided between the connecting rod and the mounting rod.

[0008] Preferably, a first end plate is provided at one end of the mounting tube, a first rotating plate is provided at the middle part of the first end plate, the first rotating plate is rotatably connected to the first end plate, a through hole for allowing the mounting rod to pass through is provided on the first rotating plate, the first rotating plate is slidably connected to the mounting rod, and the first rotating plate protrudes from the first end plate; a second end plate is provided at the other end of the mounting tube, a second rotating plate is rotatably provided at the middle part of the second end plate, a through hole for allowing the mounting rod to pass through is provided on the second rotating plate, the second rotating plate is slidably connected to the mounting rod, and the second rotating plate protrudes from the second end plate.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding structure includes a conical transmission seat, which is rotatably connected to the mounting rod, and the large end of the transmission seat is connected to the first end plate by a first spring. The cutter is arranged on the knife seat, and the knife seat is located inside the mounting cylinder. A transmission block is arranged on the knife seat, and a transmission inclined surface adapted to the conical surface of the transmission seat is arranged at one end of the transmission block close to the transmission seat.

[0010] Preferably, the reset structure includes a second spring, the second spring is sleeved on the guide rod, the guide rod is fixed at both ends of the knife seat, a guide hole for the guide rod to pass through is provided on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, the guide rod is slidably connected to the mounting cylinder, the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder and the knife seat, and the transmission block contacts the outer surface of the transmission seat under the action of the second spring; a through hole for the cutter to pass through is provided on the mounting cylinder, and an inclination angle is provided at one end of the cutter close to the first end plate.

[0011] Preferably, a guide groove is provided at one end of the limit groove close to the excavation surface to facilitate the cutting knife to enter the limit groove, and the guide groove is a bell-mouth structure.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating structure comprises a first motor, the first motor is arranged on the mounting plate, a gear is arranged at the output end of the first motor, and a gear ring meshing with the gear is arranged on the sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting plate is provided with a positioning mechanism for positioning the boom, the positioning mechanism includes positioning units symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting plate, the positioning units include a slide plate, a positioning rod with a guiding function for the sliding of the slide plate is provided on the mounting plate, a hole for the positioning rod to pass through is provided on the slide plate, the slide plate is slidably connected to the positioning rod, a positioning plate in contact with the excavation surface is provided on the end of the positioning rod, the diameter of the positioning plate is larger than the aperture of the hole on the slide plate, a plurality of pins for fixing the slide plate are provided at one end of the slide plate close to the excavation surface, and a power structure for driving the slide plate to slide is provided on the mounting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the power structure includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged on a mounting plate. A connecting plate is arranged on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. Transmission rods are hinged at both ends of the connecting plate. The other end of the transmission rod is hinged to the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the transmission rod are located at the same hinge point. The other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the mounting plate, and the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the slide plate.

[0015] The grooving method based on the above tunnel blasting grooving device comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. The rock drilling vehicle drives the mounting plate to move to the position to be drilled through the boom, the drill bit faces the drill hole on the excavation surface, and the positioning plate is supported on the excavation surface; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends, the piston rod drives the connecting plate to move toward the excavation surface, the connecting plate drives the transmission rod to move and rotate, the transmission rod drives the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to rotate in the opposite direction through the hinge point, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod drive the slide plate to slide toward the excavation surface, and the slide plate inserts the pin into the excavation surface to fix the boom;

[0017] S2, start the first motor, the first motor drives the gear ring to rotate through the gear, the gear ring drives the sleeve to rotate, the sleeve drives the mounting cylinder to rotate through the limit groove and the cutter, and the position of the cutter is adjusted;

[0018] S3, the drill rod rotates and slides along the big arm, the drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate and move through the mounting rod and the connecting rod to drill the excavation surface, the mounting rod drives the transmission seat to move synchronously, the transmission seat drives the mounting cylinder to move through the first spring, the mounting cylinder drives the cutter to move, and the cutter protrudes from the borehole wall under the action of the first spring and the second spring. When the cutter moves to the excavation surface, the cutter is blocked by the excavation surface, the mounting cylinder stops moving, the first spring is stretched, the drill rod continues to move, the transmission seat moves, the transmission seat drives the cutter to slide out of the mounting cylinder through the inclined surface and the transmission block, the first positioning surface at the connection between the drill rod and the mounting rod contacts the first rotating plate, the cutter slides into place, and the transmission seat supports the cutter; the drill rod drives the mounting cylinder to move forward through the first rotating plate, the mounting cylinder drives the cutter to move, the cutter grooves the borehole wall under the action of the limiting groove of the sleeve, the drill rod drives the cutter to continue to move through the mounting cylinder, the cutter slides out of the limiting groove, and the cutter continues to groove the hole wall under the guidance of the grooved hole;

[0019] S4. After the drilling is completed, the drill rod drives the drill bit to move backward through the mounting rod and the connecting rod, the mounting rod drives the transmission seat to retreat, the cutter slides into the mounting cylinder under the action of the second spring, the cutter slides out of the slot, the first spring resets, and the first positioning surface gradually separates from the first rotating plate; the transmission seat drives the mounting cylinder and the cutter to move backward through the first spring. When the sliding of the cutter is blocked, the first spring is compressed, the transmission seat slides outward relative to the transmission block, and the transmission block continues to move downward under the action of the second spring, and the cutter avoids the obstruction and continues to slide outward along the slot;

[0020] S5. After the cutter moves to the edge of the drill hole, one end of the cutter slides into the limit groove through the guide groove to achieve the reset of the cutter, and the drill bit slides out of the drill hole; completing a drilling and grooving.

[0021] The advantages and positive effects of the tunnel blasting slotting device and slotting method described in the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The present invention provides a sleeve on the mounting plate, and a limiting groove for limiting the position of the cutter is provided on the sleeve, and the limiting groove improves the limiting and positioning effect of the cutter.

[0023] 2. A gear is arranged on the mounting plate, and the gear drives the sleeve to rotate through the gear ring, and the sleeve drives the cutter and the mounting cylinder to rotate through the limit groove, so as to adjust the position of the cutter to meet the processing of cutting grooves at different positions of the drilling hole, thereby improving the adaptability of the cutting groove device.

[0024] 3. A transmission seat is arranged inside the installation tube. The transmission seat rotates and moves synchronously with the installation rod under the action of the bearing. The transmission seat and the transmission block at the bottom of the cutter are displaced. The cutter slides into or out of the sleeve under the action of the transmission seat and the transmission block, thereby facilitating the cutter to slide out of the drill hole and facilitate the recovery of the cutter.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 For attachment Figure 2 Middle A: Enlarged view;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the working structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals

[0033] 1. Drill rod; 2. Mounting rod; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Drill bit; 5. Sleeve; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Upper arm; 8. Mounting tube; 9. First end plate; 10. Second end plate; 11. First rotating plate; 12. Second rotating plate; 13. Cutter; 14. Cutter seat; 15. Transmission block; 16. Transmission seat; 17. First spring; 18. Guide rod; 19. Second spring; 20. Limiting groove; 21. Guide groove; 22. Motor; 23. Gear; 24. Gear ring; 25. Slide plate; 26. Pin; 27. Positioning rod; 28. Positioning plate; 29. ​​Hydraulic cylinder; 30. Connecting plate; 31. Transmission rod; 32. First connecting rod; 33. Second connecting rod; 34. Drilling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0036] Example

[0037] like Figure 1-6 As shown. A tunnel blasting grooving device comprises a sleeve 5, which is rotatably arranged on a mounting plate 6 via a bearing. The mounting plate 6 is fixed to the end of a boom 7, and a mounting seat is arranged vertically to the boom 7. The boom 7 is installed on a rock drilling vehicle using an existing structure, and the rock drilling vehicle drives the boom 7 to move, thereby moving the grooving device to different boreholes 34 for drilling. A mounting tube 8 is arranged inside the sleeve 5, and the mounting tube 8 is sleeved on the outside of a drill rod 1, and the drill rod 1, the mounting tube 8 and the sleeve 5 are arranged coaxially. The drill rod 1 is arranged on the boom 7, and the boom 7 is an existing structure, and the boom 7 drives the drill rod 1 to slide and rotate horizontally. The end of the drill rod 1 is connected to the drill bit 4 via a connecting rod 3, and the connecting rod 3 is detachably fixedly connected to the end of the drill rod 1 via bolts or threads, and the drill bit 4 is plugged into the connecting rod 3 using an existing structure.

[0038] The drill rod 1 is provided with a positioning structure for positioning the mounting tube 8. The positioning structure includes a mounting rod 2, and the drill rod 1 is connected to the connecting rod 3 through the mounting rod 2. The drill rod 1 and the connecting rod 3 are respectively located at the two ends of the mounting tube 8, and the drill rod 1 and the mounting rod 2 are an integral structure. The mounting tube 8 is located outside the mounting rod 2. The outer diameter of the drill rod 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the mounting rod 2, and a first positioning surface for positioning the mounting tube 8 is provided between the drill rod 1 and the mounting rod 2. The outer diameter of the connecting rod 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the mounting rod 2, and a second positioning surface for positioning the mounting tube 8 is provided between the connecting rod 3 and the mounting rod 2.

[0039] A first end plate 9 is fixedly provided at one end of the mounting tube 8, and a first rotating plate 11 is provided in the middle of the first end plate 9, and the first rotating plate 11 is rotatably connected to the first end plate 9 through a bearing. A through hole is provided on the first rotating plate 11 for the mounting rod 2 to pass through, and the aperture of the through hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the mounting rod 2, and the first rotating plate 11 is connected to the mounting rod 2 in a sliding and rotating manner. The first rotating plate 11 protrudes from the first end plate 9, and the end surface between the drill rod 1 and the mounting rod 2 contacts the first rotating plate 11, thereby reducing the friction between the drill rod 1 and the mounting tube 8. A second end plate 10 is fixedly provided at the other end of the mounting tube 8, and a second rotating plate 12 is rotatably provided in the middle of the second end plate 10 through a bearing. A through hole is provided on the second rotating plate 12 for the mounting rod 2 to pass through, and the aperture of the through hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the mounting rod 2, and the second rotating plate 12 is connected to the mounting rod 2 in a sliding and rotating manner. The second rotating plate 12 protrudes from the second end plate 10, and the second rotating plate 12 contacts the end of the connecting rod 3, thereby reducing the friction between the connecting rod 3 and the mounting tube 8.

[0040] A plurality of cutters 13 are slidably disposed on the side wall of the mounting tube 8, and a through hole is disposed on the mounting tube 8 for the cutters 13 to pass through. The size of the through hole is slightly larger than the size of the cutter 13, so that the cutter 13 is just located in the through hole and slides in the through hole. In this embodiment, two cutters 13 are disposed, and the two cutters 13 are symmetrically disposed on the mounting tube 8.

[0041] The drill rod 1 is provided with a sliding structure for driving the cutter 13 to slide. The sliding structure includes a conical transmission seat 16, and the transmission seat 16 is rotatably connected to the mounting rod 2 through a bearing. The large end of the transmission seat 16 is connected to the first end plate 9 through a first spring 17, and the two ends of the first spring 17 are respectively fixed to the first end plate 9 and the transmission seat 16. The cutter 13 is fixedly set on the knife seat 14, and the knife seat 14 is located inside the mounting tube 8. A transmission block 15 is fixedly set on the knife seat 14, and a transmission inclined surface adapted to the conical surface of the transmission seat 16 is provided at one end of the transmission block 15 close to the transmission seat 16. When the transmission seat 16 slides relative to the cutter 13, the transmission seat 16 pushes the cutter 13 to slide in the through hole of the mounting tube 8 through the conical surface and the transmission inclined surface.

[0042] The mounting cylinder 8 is provided with a reset structure for resetting the cutter 13. The reset structure includes a second spring 19, which is sleeved on the guide rod 18. The guide rod 18 is fixed at both ends of the knife seat 14. A guide hole for the guide rod 18 to pass through is provided on the side wall of the mounting cylinder 8, and the aperture of the guide hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the guide rod 18, so that the guide rod 18 is slidably connected to the mounting cylinder 8. The two ends of the second spring 19 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 8 and the knife seat 14 respectively. The transmission block 15 contacts the outer surface of the transmission seat 16 under the action of the second spring 19, so that the transmission block 15 slides along the conical surface of the transmission seat 16.

[0043] The inner wall of the sleeve 5 is provided with a limiting groove 20 for limiting the cutter 13, and the limiting groove 20 corresponds to the cutter 13 one by one. The limiting groove 20 is arranged along the length direction of the sleeve 5, and the width of the limiting groove 20 is slightly larger than the thickness of the cutter 13, so that the cutter 13 slides in the limiting groove 20. The limiting groove 20 is provided with a guide groove 21 at one end close to the excavation surface to facilitate the cutter 13 to enter the limiting groove 20, and the guide groove 21 is a bell-mouth structure. The end of the cutter 13 close to the first end plate 9 is provided with an inclination angle. The inclination angle is conducive to the cutter 13 moving downward to avoid obstructions, so that the cutter 13 can be recovered more smoothly.

[0044] The mounting plate 6 is provided with a rotating structure for driving the sleeve 5 to rotate. The rotating structure includes a first motor 22, which is fixedly provided on the mounting plate 6. A gear 23 is fixedly provided at the output end of the first motor 22, and a gear ring 24 meshing with the gear 23 is fixedly provided on the sleeve 5. The first motor 22 drives the gear ring 24 to rotate through the gear 23, and the gear ring 24 drives the sleeve 5 to rotate. The sleeve 5 drives the cutter 13 and the mounting cylinder 8 to rotate through the limiting groove 20, thereby adjusting the position of the cutter 13 to meet the processing of cutting grooves at different positions.

[0045] The mounting plate 6 is provided with a positioning mechanism for positioning the boom 7. The positioning mechanism includes positioning units symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting plate 6. The positioning unit includes a slide plate 25, and a positioning rod 27 having a guiding effect on the sliding of the slide plate 25 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 6. The positioning rod 27 is arranged at both ends of the slide plate 25, and the slide plate 25 is provided with a hole for the positioning rod 27 to pass through, and the aperture of the hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the positioning rod 27, so that the slide plate 25 is slidably connected with the positioning rod 27. A positioning plate 28 in contact with the excavation surface is fixedly arranged on the end of the positioning rod 27, and the positioning plate 28 is used to position and support the mounting plate 6. The diameter of the positioning plate 28 is larger than the aperture of the hole on the slide plate 25, and has a limiting effect on the slide plate 25.

[0046] A plurality of pins 26 for fixing the slide plate 25 are provided at one end of the slide plate 25 close to the excavation surface. A power structure for driving the slide plate 25 to slide is provided on the mounting plate 6. The power structure includes a hydraulic cylinder 29, which is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 6. The hydraulic cylinder 29 is an existing structure, which is connected to the hydraulic pump, and the switch valve on the hydraulic pump is electrically connected to the controller using existing technology as needed. A connecting plate 30 is fixedly arranged on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 29, and transmission rods 31 are respectively hinged at both ends of the connecting plate 30, and the two transmission rods 31 are symmetrically arranged. The other end of the transmission rod 31 is hinged to the first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod 33, and the first connecting rod 32, the second connecting rod 33 and the transmission rod 31 are located at the same hinge point. The two first connecting rods 32 and the two second connecting rods 33 are symmetrically arranged. The other end of the first connecting rod 32 is hinged to the mounting plate 6, and the other end of the second connecting rod 33 is hinged to the slide plate 25. The hydraulic cylinder 29 drives the connecting plate 30 to move through the piston rod, and the connecting plate 30 drives the first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod to rotate relative to each other through the transmission rod 31, thereby driving the slide plate 25 to slide along the positioning rod 27. The slide plate 25 inserts or pulls out the pin 26 from the excavation surface to position the boom 7 and the mounting plate 6, thereby improving the stability of grooving and drilling.

[0047] The grooving method based on the above tunnel blasting grooving device includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. The rock drill moves the mounting plate 6 to the position of the hole to be drilled 34 through the boom 7. The drill bit 4 faces the drill hole 34 on the excavation surface, and the positioning plate 28 is supported on the excavation surface. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 29 extends, and the piston rod drives the connecting plate 30 to move toward the excavation surface. The connecting plate 30 drives the transmission rod 31 to move and rotate. The transmission rod 31 drives the first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod 33 to rotate in the opposite direction through the hinge point. The first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod 33 drive the slide plate 25 to slide toward the excavation surface. The slide plate 25 inserts the pin 26 into the excavation surface to fix the boom 7.

[0049] S2, start the first motor 22, the first motor 22 drives the gear ring 24 to rotate through the gear 23, the gear ring 24 drives the sleeve 5 to rotate, the sleeve 5 drives the mounting cylinder 8 to rotate through the limiting groove 20 and the cutter 13, and the position of the cutter 13 is adjusted.

[0050] S3, the drill rod 1 rotates and slides along the big arm 7, and the drill rod 1 drives the drill bit 4 to rotate and move through the mounting rod 2 and the connecting rod 3 to drill the excavation surface. The mounting rod 2 drives the transmission seat 16 to move synchronously, and the transmission seat 16 drives the mounting tube 8 to move through the first spring 17, and the mounting tube 8 drives the cutter 13 to move. The cutter 13 protrudes from the wall of the drilling hole 34 under the action of the first spring 17 and the second spring 19. When the cutter 13 moves to the excavation surface, the cutter 13 is blocked by the excavation surface, the mounting tube 8 stops moving, the first spring 17 stretches, the drill rod 1 continues to move, and the transmission seat 16 moves. The transmission seat 16 drives the cutter 13 to slide outside the mounting tube 8 through the inclined surface and the transmission block 15. The first positioning surface at the connection between the drill rod 1 and the mounting rod 2 contacts the first rotating plate 11, and the cutter 13 slides into place, and the transmission seat 16 supports the cutter 13. The drill rod 1 drives the mounting tube 8 to move forward through the first rotating plate 11, and the mounting tube 8 drives the cutter 13 to move. The cutter 13 grooves the hole wall of the drill hole 34 under the action of the limiting groove 20 of the sleeve 5. The drill rod 1 drives the cutter 13 to continue to move through the mounting tube 8, and the cutter 13 slides out of the limiting groove 20. The cutter 13 continues to groove the hole wall under the guidance of the grooved hole.

[0051] S4. After drilling is completed, the drill rod 1 drives the drill bit 4 to move backward through the mounting rod 2 and the connecting rod 3, and the mounting rod 2 drives the transmission seat 16 to retreat. The cutter 13 slides into the mounting tube 8 under the action of the second spring 19, and the cutter 13 partially slides out of the slot. The first spring 17 is reset, and the first positioning surface is gradually separated from the first rotating plate 11. The transmission seat 16 drives the mounting tube 8 and the cutter 13 to move backward through the first spring 17. When the sliding of the cutter 13 is blocked, the first spring 17 is compressed, and the transmission seat 16 slides outward relative to the transmission block 15. The transmission block 15 continues to move downward under the action of the second spring 19, and the cutter 13 avoids the obstruction and continues to slide outward along the slot.

[0052] S5, after the cutter 13 moves to the edge of the drill hole 34, one end of the cutter 13 slides into the limit groove 20 through the guide groove 21, so that the cutter 13 is reset, and the drill bit 4 slides out of the drill hole 34. A drill hole 34 and a slot are completed.

[0053] Therefore, the tunnel blasting grooving device and grooving method described in the present invention can solve the problems of the existing grooving device that the angle cannot be adjusted, the tool positioning effect is poor, and the tool is not easy to recover.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel blasting grooving device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sleeve, which is rotatably arranged on a mounting plate, which is fixed on the end of the boom, and a rotating structure for driving the sleeve to rotate is arranged on the mounting plate, and a mounting cylinder is arranged inside the sleeve, and the mounting cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the drill rod, and the drill rod, the mounting cylinder and the sleeve are arranged coaxially, and a plurality of cutters are slidably arranged on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, and a sliding structure for driving the cutters to slide is arranged on the drill rod, and a resetting structure for resetting the cutters is arranged on the mounting cylinder, and a limiting groove for limiting the position of the cutters is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the end of the drill rod is connected to the drill bit through a connecting rod, and a positioning structure for positioning the mounting cylinder is arranged on the drill rod; The positioning structure includes a mounting rod, the drill rod is connected to the connecting rod through the mounting rod, the drill rod and the connecting rod are respectively located at two ends of the mounting tube, the drill rod and the mounting rod are an integrated structure, a first positioning surface for positioning the mounting tube is provided between the drill rod and the mounting rod, the outer diameter of the connecting rod is greater than the outer diameter of the mounting rod, and a second positioning surface for positioning the mounting tube is provided between the connecting rod and the mounting rod; A first end plate is provided at one end of the mounting tube, a first rotating plate is provided at the middle of the first end plate, the first rotating plate is rotatably connected to the first end plate, a through hole is provided on the first rotating plate for the mounting rod to pass through, the first rotating plate is slidably connected to the mounting rod, and the first rotating plate protrudes from the first end plate; a second end plate is provided at the other end of the mounting tube, a second rotating plate is rotatably provided at the middle of the second end plate, a through hole is provided on the second rotating plate for the mounting rod to pass through, the second rotating plate is slidably connected to the mounting rod, and the second rotating plate protrudes from the second end plate; The sliding structure includes a conical transmission seat, which is rotatably connected to the mounting rod through a bearing, and the large end of the transmission seat is connected to the first end plate through a first spring. The cutter is arranged on the knife seat, and the knife seat is located inside the mounting cylinder. A transmission block is arranged on the knife seat, and a transmission inclined surface adapted to the conical surface of the transmission seat is arranged at one end of the transmission block close to the transmission seat.

2. A tunnel blasting slot cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset structure includes a second spring, which is sleeved on a guide rod, which is fixed to two ends of a knife seat, a guide hole for the guide rod to pass through is provided on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, the guide rod is slidably connected to the mounting cylinder, two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder and the knife seat, and the transmission block contacts the outer surface of the transmission seat under the action of the second spring; a through hole for the cutter to pass through is provided on the mounting cylinder, and an inclination angle is provided at one end of the cutter close to the first end plate.

3. A tunnel blasting grooving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide groove is arranged at one end of the limit groove close to the excavation surface to facilitate the cutter to enter the limit groove, and the guide groove is a bell-mouth structure.

4. A tunnel blasting slot cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating structure comprises a first motor, which is arranged on a mounting plate, a gear is arranged at an output end of the first motor, and a gear ring meshing with the gear is arranged on the sleeve.

5. A tunnel blasting slot cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting plate is provided with a positioning mechanism for positioning the boom, the positioning mechanism includes positioning units symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting plate, the positioning unit includes a slide plate, a positioning rod with a guiding effect on the sliding of the slide plate is provided on the mounting plate, a hole for the positioning rod to pass through is provided on the slide plate, the slide plate is slidably connected to the positioning rod, a positioning plate in contact with the excavation surface is provided on the end of the positioning rod, the diameter of the positioning plate is larger than the aperture of the hole on the slide plate, a plurality of pins for fixing the slide plate are provided at one end of the slide plate close to the excavation surface, and a power structure for driving the slide plate to slide is provided on the mounting plate.

6. A tunnel blasting slot cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power structure includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged on a mounting plate. A connecting plate is arranged on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. Transmission rods are hinged at both ends of the connecting plate. The other end of the transmission rod is hinged to the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. The first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the transmission rod are located at the same hinge point. The other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the mounting plate, and the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the slide plate.

7. A grooving method based on the tunnel blasting grooving device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The rock drilling vehicle drives the mounting plate to move to the position to be drilled through the boom, the drill bit faces the drill hole on the excavation surface, and the positioning plate is supported on the excavation surface; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends, the piston rod drives the connecting plate to move toward the excavation surface, the connecting plate drives the transmission rod to move and rotate, the transmission rod drives the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to rotate in the opposite direction through the hinge point, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod drive the slide plate to slide toward the excavation surface, and the slide plate inserts the pin into the excavation surface to fix the boom; S2, start the first motor, the first motor drives the gear ring to rotate through the gear, the gear ring drives the sleeve to rotate, the sleeve drives the mounting cylinder to rotate through the limit groove and the cutter, and the position of the cutter is adjusted; S3, the drill rod rotates and slides along the big arm, the drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate and move through the mounting rod and the connecting rod to drill the excavation surface, the mounting rod drives the transmission seat to move synchronously, the transmission seat drives the mounting cylinder to move through the first spring, the mounting cylinder drives the cutter to move, and the cutter protrudes from the borehole wall under the action of the first spring and the second spring. When the cutter moves to the excavation surface, the cutter is blocked by the excavation surface, the mounting cylinder stops moving, the first spring is stretched, the drill rod continues to move, the transmission seat moves, the transmission seat drives the cutter to slide out of the mounting cylinder through the inclined surface and the transmission block, the first positioning surface at the connection between the drill rod and the mounting rod contacts the first rotating plate, the cutter slides into place, and the transmission seat supports the cutter; the drill rod drives the mounting cylinder to move forward through the first rotating plate, the mounting cylinder drives the cutter to move, the cutter grooves the borehole wall under the action of the limiting groove of the sleeve, the drill rod drives the cutter to continue to move through the mounting cylinder, the cutter slides out of the limiting groove, and the cutter continues to groove the hole wall under the guidance of the grooved hole; S4. After the drilling is completed, the drill rod drives the drill bit to move backward through the mounting rod and the connecting rod, the mounting rod drives the transmission seat to retreat, the cutter slides into the mounting cylinder under the action of the second spring, the cutter slides out of the slot, the first spring is reset, and the first positioning surface is gradually separated from the first rotating plate; the transmission seat drives the mounting cylinder and the cutter to move backward through the first spring. When the sliding of the cutter is blocked, the first spring is compressed, the transmission seat slides outward relative to the transmission block, and the transmission block continues to move into the mounting cylinder under the action of the second spring, and the cutter avoids the obstruction and continues to slide outward along the slot; S5. After the cutter moves to the edge of the drill hole, one end of the cutter slides into the limit groove through the guide groove to achieve the reset of the cutter, and the drill bit slides out of the drill hole; completing a drilling and grooving.

Images