A wind guide device for tunnel construction ventilation and a method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a wind guide device for tunnel construction ventilation and a method thereof, which is arranged in a middle hole near one side of a working face, and comprises a first wind guide plate and a second wind guide plate. The first wind guide plate is arranged in the middle hole in a vertical direction and away from one side of the working face, the first end of the first wind guide plate is connected with the edge of a hole wall near one side of the left hole, the second wind guide plate is arranged in the middle hole in a vertical direction and near one side of the working face, the first end of the second wind guide plate is connected with the edge of a hole wall near one side of the right hole, the second end of the second wind guide plate is inclinedly extended into the right hole, and a plurality of through holes are arranged in the plate surface of the second wind guide plate in a thickness extension direction, and a wind permeable baffle inclined to the middle hole is arranged on the edge of one side of each through hole near the middle hole. The application can ensure that the flow speed of dust gas is relatively fast when the dust gas is discharged by using aerodynamics, the dust concentration in the working area of the working face of the left hole and the right hole is prevented from increasing, and the health of workers is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a ventilation device and method for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] Ventilation is an indispensable technical aspect of tunnel construction. It is essential to provide sufficient fresh air into the tunnel and to use the fresh air to expel dust from the working face, thereby protecting the health of the workers.

[0003] Currently, tunnel-type jet ventilation is commonly used in the construction of extra-long two-way tunnels, such as... Figure 1 As shown, multiple jet fans 5 will be evenly installed from the outside to the inside of the left tunnel 1 to allow fresh air to enter. Near the working face 4, a central tunnel 3 will be installed connecting the left tunnel 1 and the right tunnel 2 (as construction progresses and the working face 4 moves inward, the number of central tunnels 3 will increase; during ventilation and dust removal at the working face 4, the other central tunnels 3 far from the working face 4 will be sealed off). Forced axial flow fans 6 will be installed on both sides of the left tunnel 1 near the central tunnel 3, and the outlets of the forced axial flow fans 6 will be connected to ventilation ducts 7. The ventilation duct 7 on the side far from the central tunnel 3 will extend along the extension direction of the left tunnel 1 to the working face of the left tunnel 1. Face 4 can use a forced-flow axial fan 6 to pressurize fresh air and pass it through ventilation duct 7 to face 4, so as to provide sufficient fresh air for the workers. Since the fan has a large noise pollution, it is usually not installed at face 4. Dust particles can be directly carried by fresh air and discharged into the middle tunnel 3. The ventilation duct 7 near the middle tunnel 3 will turn and extend through the middle tunnel 3 to face 4 of the right tunnel 2. It will rely on wind power to carry dust particles and mix them with the dust gas flowing into the left tunnel 1 of the middle tunnel 3. Finally, it will be extracted out of the right tunnel 2 by multiple exhaust fans on the side away from face 4, thus forming a complete airflow circulation system.

[0004] However, the dust and fresh air at the first area aa connecting the middle and left tunnels flow in opposite directions, making it difficult for dust particles in the left tunnel to be quickly expelled into the middle tunnel by the airflow. At the same time, the dust and gas flow direction after the right tunnel backflush is not the same as that of the dust and gas in the left tunnel. The dust and gas from the two tunnels will also slow down at the second area bb connecting the middle and right tunnels after they converge. The dust particles will cause the dust concentration in the working areas of the left and right tunnels to increase, threatening the health of the workers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a ventilation device and method for tunnel construction. The device uses aerodynamic principles to ensure that the exhaust gas still maintains a relatively fast flow rate, thereby avoiding an increase in dust concentration in the working areas of the left and right tunnel faces and protecting the health of the workers.

[0006] This invention provides a ventilation device for tunnel construction, installed in the central tunnel near the working face, comprising: a first ventilation guide plate and a second ventilation guide plate. The first ventilation guide plate is vertically installed in the central tunnel on the side away from the working face. A first end of the first ventilation guide plate is connected to the edge of the tunnel wall near the left tunnel, and a second end extends obliquely into the left tunnel, and the second end is closer to the working face of the left tunnel than the first end. The second ventilation guide plate is vertically installed in the central tunnel on the side near the working face. A first end of the second ventilation guide plate is connected to the edge of the tunnel wall near the right tunnel, and a second end extends obliquely into the right tunnel, and the second end is further away from the working face of the right tunnel than its first end. The height of both the first and second ventilation guide plates is lower than the height of the ventilation duct in the central tunnel. The surface of the second ventilation guide plate has multiple through-holes along its thickness extension direction, and each through-hole has a ventilation baffle inclined towards the central tunnel connected to its edge near the central tunnel.

[0007] Preferably, the acute angle of inclination between the first air guide plate and the second air guide plate is 30°-45°.

[0008] Preferably, the length of the first air guide plate extending into the left hole does not exceed half the width of the left hole.

[0009] Preferably, the ventilation baffle and the second air guide plate are hinged together. A horizontal groove is provided on the side of the ventilation baffle near the working face. A slider is slidably connected in the groove. A rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the slider. The other end of the rod is hinged to the inner wall of the through-hole. The ventilation baffle is connected to a fixing component for fixing the angle of the ventilation baffle.

[0010] Preferably, both the first and second air guide plates are flat.

[0011] Preferably, both the first and second air guide plates are arc-shaped, and their concave surfaces face each other.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes two fixing plates, which are detachably connected to two opposite cave walls inside the central cave. The first air guide plate and the second air guide plate are respectively hinged to the fixing plates on the same side. An adjustment component is connected to the first air guide plate and the second air guide plate, which is used to synchronously adjust the rotation angle of the first air guide plate and the second air guide plate.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a frame, two sprockets, a chain, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod. The frame is located in the middle of the central opening and below the ventilation duct. The two sides of the frame are fixedly connected to two fixed plates, respectively. The two openings of the frame extend horizontally towards the left and right openings, respectively. A rotating shaft is vertically inserted through the frame near the two fixed plates and is rotatably connected to the frame. The two sprockets are respectively fitted onto the two parts of the rotating shaft located inside the frame and are connected by the chain. The two parallel first connecting rods and second connecting rods are respectively hinged to the chain near the left and right openings, respectively. The other end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the middle wall of the first air guide plate, and the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the middle wall of the second air guide plate.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing component includes a sliding pin, an extension flange, a pin, and a spring. The sliding pin is vertically inserted into the slider and is slidably connected to the slider. The extension flange is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding pin, and the height of the extension flange is higher than the upper side wall of the vent baffle. The pin is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the extension flange relative to the vent baffle. The upper side wall of the vent baffle has multiple holes vertically. The spring for resetting is connected to the bottom of the sliding pin.

[0015] A method for guiding airflow through a ventilation device used in tunnel construction includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. After fresh air moves from the left tunnel toward the working face, it will move toward the tunnel wall away from the middle tunnel under the guidance of the first air guide plate. The fresh air pressurized by the ventilation duct will blow directly toward the working face and carry the dust particles in the opposite direction to the direction closer to the middle tunnel as the working face blocks the flow.

[0017] S2. The first guide plate makes the dust gas and fresh air form two staggered air channels. At this time, most of the high-speed flowing dust gas is directly guided into the middle tunnel by the first guide plate, and then tilted and guided towards the right tunnel exit under the action of the second guide plate.

[0018] S3. The dust gas that carries the dust particles from the right tunnel and then turns to flow will be guided by the second guide plate to converge with the dust gas from the left tunnel in the same direction. The other part will pass through each through-hole and converge with the dust gas from the left tunnel in the same direction under the inclined guidance of the ventilation baffle.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The first air guide plate guides and alters the flow path of fresh air moving from the left tunnel to the adjacent middle tunnel, preventing the fresh air's path from interfering with the movement of dust gas blowing out in the opposite direction from the working face of the left tunnel. Specifically, the first air guide plate creates two staggered airflow paths between the dust gas and fresh air flowing from the left tunnel to the middle tunnel. Therefore, the power of the dust gas is not reduced by interference, and it quickly enters the middle tunnel under the guidance of the first air guide plate. The second air guide plate buffers and guides the dust gas flowing from the left tunnel towards the right tunnel outlet, preventing the flow path of the dust gas in the right tunnel from interfering with that of the dust gas in the left tunnel. The moving paths form mutually intersecting air ducts. Specifically, part of the dust gas in the right tunnel is guided by the second guide plate and converges with the dust gas in the left tunnel, which is buffered and guided, in the same direction. This does not significantly affect the flow rate of the dust gas in the right tunnel. Since the second guide plate affects the flow rate of the dust gas in the right tunnel, the other part of the dust gas in the right tunnel can pass through the various through-holes and converge with the dust gas in the left tunnel in the same direction under the inclined guidance of the ventilation baffle. This device can maintain a relatively fast flow rate of dust gas during exhaust by using aerodynamics while saving costs and reducing noise. This avoids the increase of dust concentration in the working areas of the left and right tunnels and protects the health of the workers. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tunnel structure from a top-down view of an existing tunnel ventilation system;

[0021] Figure 2 A top-view structural diagram of a ventilation guide device for tunnel construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second air guide plate in an air guide device for tunnel construction ventilation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A top-view structural diagram of the second air guide plate of an air guide device for tunnel construction ventilation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the fixed component structure of a ventilation guide device for tunnel construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7A schematic diagram of the first embodiment of a ventilation guide device for tunnel construction provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a ventilation guide device for tunnel construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Left tunnel; 2. Right tunnel; 3. Middle tunnel; 4. Working face; 5. Jet fan; 6. Axial flow fan; 7. Ventilation duct; 8. First air guide plate; 9. Second air guide plate; 91. Through opening; 10. Ventilation baffle; 101. Slide groove; 102. Slider; 103. Rod; 104. Fixing assembly; 1041. Sliding pin; 1042. Extension flange; 1043. Pin; 1044. Spring; 105. Insertion hole; 11. Fixing plate; 12. Adjusting assembly; 121. Frame; 122. Rotating shaft; 123. Sprocket; 124. Chain; 125. First connecting rod; 126. Second connecting rod; 13. Guide plate; aa, First area; bb, Second area. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7This invention provides a ventilation device for tunnel construction, installed in the central tunnel 3 near the working face 4, comprising: a first guide plate 8 and a second guide plate 9. The first guide plate 8 is vertically installed in the central tunnel 3 on the side away from the working face 4. A first end of the first guide plate 8 is connected to the edge of the tunnel wall near the left tunnel 1, and a second end extends obliquely into the left tunnel 1, being closer to the working face 4 of the left tunnel 1 than the first end. The second guide plate 9 is vertically installed in the central tunnel 3 and close to the working face 4. On one side, the first end of the second air guide plate 9 is connected to the edge of the cave wall near the right cave 2, and the second end extends inclined into the right cave 2. The second end of the second air guide plate 9 is further away from the working face 4 of the right cave 2 than its first end. The height of the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 is lower than the height of the ventilation duct 7 in the middle cave 3. The surface of the second air guide plate 9 has multiple through holes along the thickness extension direction. The edge of the multiple through holes near the middle cave 3 is connected to a ventilation baffle 10 that is inclined towards the middle cave 3.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the first guide plate 8 is used to guide and change the flow path of fresh air flowing from the left tunnel 1 to the adjacent middle tunnel 3, avoiding interference with the movement path of dust gas blown out in the opposite direction at the working face 4 inside the left tunnel 1. Specifically, the first guide plate 8 creates two staggered airflow paths between the dust gas flowing from the left tunnel 1 to the middle tunnel 3 and the fresh air. Therefore, the power of the dust gas is not reduced by interference, and it will quickly enter the middle tunnel 3 under the guidance of the first guide plate 8. The second guide plate 9 can buffer and guide the dust gas flowing from the left tunnel 1 to the middle tunnel 3 towards the exit of the right tunnel 2, avoiding the dust gas flow path of the right tunnel 2 from intersecting with the dust gas flow path of the left tunnel 1. The vertically intersecting, mutually interfering air ducts are designed so that, specifically, a portion of the dust gas from the right tunnel 2 is guided by the second guide plate 9 and converges in the same direction with the dust gas from the left tunnel 1, which is buffered and guided. This does not significantly affect the flow rate of the dust gas from the right tunnel 2. Since the second guide plate 9 affects the flow rate of the dust gas from the right tunnel 2, the other portion of the dust gas from the right tunnel 2 can pass through the various through-holes and converge in the same direction with the dust gas from the left tunnel 1 under the inclined guidance of the ventilation baffle 10. This device can maintain a relatively fast flow rate of dust gas during exhaust by using aerodynamics while saving costs and reducing noise, thus avoiding an increase in dust concentration in the working areas of the left tunnel 1 and right tunnel 2 working faces 4 and protecting the health of the workers.

[0034] Further, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 7 The acute angle of inclination between the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 is 30°-45°.

[0035] In the above embodiments, by limiting the acute angle of inclination of the first guide plate 8 and the second guide plate 9 to 30°-45°, a better guiding effect on dust gas or fresh air can be ensured within this range. When the amount of dust at the tunnel face 4 is large and the forced axial flow fan 6 and jet kinetic energy are strong, 45° is preferred, which can handle a larger amount of dust gas.

[0036] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 The length of the first air guide plate 8 extending into the left hole 1 does not exceed half the width of the left hole 1.

[0037] In the above embodiments, by limiting the length of the first air guide plate 8 extending into the left hole 1 to no more than half the width of the left hole 1, the length of the first air guide plate 8 is limited. Specifically, the extension length of the second air guide plate 9 is similar to or the same as that of the first air guide plate 8.

[0038] Further, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The ventilation baffle 10 and the second air guide plate 9 are hinged together. A horizontal groove 101 is provided on the side of the ventilation baffle 10 near the working face 4. A slider 102 is slidably connected in the groove 101. A rod 103 is fixedly connected to the other end of the slider 102. The other end of the rod 103 is hinged to the inner wall of the through opening. The ventilation baffle is connected to a fixing component 104 for fixing the angle of the ventilation baffle 10.

[0039] In the above embodiments, considering that when there is a lot of dust at the working face 4 of the right tunnel 2, if the size of the corresponding through-hole at the ventilation baffle 10 is set too small, it will affect the efficiency of dust gas discharge. Therefore, the ventilation baffle 10 can be rotated to adjust the size of the through-hole to adapt to different ventilation and dust removal requirements. The fixed component 104 can limit the movement of the rotating ventilation baffle 10. There are many ways to achieve this, such as snap-fit, plug-in or bolt-type detachable connection.

[0040] Furthermore, in a first embodiment of the first guide plate 13 and the second guide plate 13, refer to Figure 7 Both the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 are flat.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the flat plate shape has a lower manufacturing cost and a simple structure that is easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0042] Furthermore, in a second embodiment of the first guide plate 13 and the second guide plate 13, refer to... Figure 8Both the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 are arc-shaped, and their concave surfaces face each other. In this second embodiment, where both the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 are arc-shaped, compared to a flat plate, the buffering and guiding effect on the flowing air is further enhanced, ensuring that the flow speed of the air does not decrease under the guiding effect.

[0043] In the above embodiments, considering that when the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 are arranged in an arc shape, a deceleration vortex is easily formed at the position of the first air guide plate 8 near the left hole 1. Similarly, a deceleration vortex is also easily formed at the position where the second air guide plate 9 connects to the right hole 2. Therefore, it is advisable to set two arc-shaped guide plates 13, respectively connected to the side of the first air guide plate 8 away from the working face 4 and the side of the second air guide plate 9 near the working face 4. The other end of the guide plate 13 connected to the first air guide plate 8 is connected to the wall of the left hole 1, so that fresh air can be guided to the top of the first air guide plate 8 and prevented from flowing to the connection between the first air guide plate 8 and the hole wall. The other end of the guide plate 13 on the second guide plate 9 is connected to the wall of the right tunnel 2. This is used to guide the dust gas in the right tunnel 2 to flow onto the second guide plate 9, preventing it from flowing to the connection between the second guide plate 9 and the tunnel wall. The air can be guided onto the first guide plate 8, preventing it from flowing to the connection between the first guide plate 8 and the tunnel wall. The guide plate has a certain toughness and deformation recovery ability. Specifically, a sliding groove is provided at the vertical extension end of the fixed plate 11. The guide plate 13 is connected to the fixed plate 11 by sliding through a sliding member. The guide plate 13 can play an arc-shaped guiding role, so that the flowing air is guided without affecting its flow speed.

[0044] Further, refer to Figure 7 It also includes two fixing plates 11, which are detachably connected to two opposite cave walls inside the central cave. The first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 are respectively hinged to the fixing plate 11 on the same side. The first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9 are connected to an adjustment component 12, which is used to synchronously adjust the rotation angle of the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9.

[0045] In the above embodiments, the fixed plate 11 is detachably connected to the tunnel wall by bolts, which facilitates the installation and disassembly of the entire air guiding device, so as to enable modular application of the next tunnel 3 after it is opened. The first air guiding plate 8 and the second air guiding plate 9 are also hinged to the edge of the fixed plate 11 with seamless hinges. The adjustment component 12 can facilitate the synchronous electric drive of the first air guiding plate 8 and the second air guiding plate 9 to rotate and adjust synchronously in the direction of mutual approach or mutual distance. This saves manpower and can also restrict the rotation of the first air guiding plate 8 and the second air guiding plate 9, which are not restricted in their degrees of freedom.

[0046] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 The adjusting assembly 12 includes a frame 121, two sprockets 123, a chain 124, a first connecting rod 125, and a second connecting rod 126. The frame 121 is located in the middle of the central hole 3 and below the ventilation duct 7. The two sides of the frame 121 are fixedly connected to two fixing plates 11 respectively. The two openings of the frame 121 extend horizontally towards the left hole 1 and the right hole 2 respectively. A rotating shaft 122 is vertically inserted through the frame 121 on the side closest to the two fixing plates 11. The rotating shaft 122 is connected to... The frame 121 is rotatably connected, and two sprockets 123 are respectively sleeved on two parts of the rotating shaft 122 placed inside the frame 121. The two sprockets 123 are connected by a chain 124. Two parallel first connecting rods 125 and second connecting rods 126 are respectively hinged to the side of the chain 124 near the left hole 1 and the right hole 2. The other end of the first connecting rod 125 is hinged to the middle wall of the first air guide plate 8, and the other end of the second connecting rod 126 is hinged to the middle wall of the second air guide plate 9.

[0047] In the above embodiments, when it is necessary to lower the angle of the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9, the sprocket 123 is controlled to rotate clockwise, such as... Figure 7 As shown, at this time, the first connecting rod 125 will move to the right and the second connecting rod 126 will move to the left, thereby reducing the angle between the first air guide plate 8 and the second air guide plate 9. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, one of the rotating shafts 122 needs to be driven to rotate, so a motor can be set to drive it. Specifically, in order to adapt to the transmission ratio, a bevel gear can be set at the output end of the horizontally set motor, and another bevel gear meshes above the bevel gear. The bevel gear with the tooth surface facing down is fitted with a rotating shaft, which can be fixedly connected to the fixed plate 11 through a plate. The motor housing can be fixedly connected to the fixed plate 11. A transmission pulley can be set on the shaft and above the adjacent rotating shaft 122, and a transmission belt is used to wrap around it to achieve the effect of synchronization.

[0048] Further, refer to Figure 6 The fixing component 104 includes a sliding pin 1041, an extension flange 1042, a pin 1043, and a spring 1044. The sliding pin 1041 is vertically inserted into the slider 102 and is slidably connected to the slider 102. The extension flange 1042 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding pin 1041 and the height of the extension flange 1042 is higher than the upper side wall of the ventilation baffle 10. The pin 1043 is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the extension flange 1042 relative to the upper side wall of the ventilation baffle 10. The upper side wall of the ventilation baffle 10 has multiple holes 105 vertically. The spring 1044 for resetting is connected to the bottom of the sliding pin 1041.

[0049] In the above embodiments, specifically, a flange block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding pin 1041, and the spring 1044 is sleeved on the bottom of the sliding pin 1041. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the ventilation baffle 10, it is only necessary to push the sliding pin 1041 upward so that the pin 1043 moves upward and disengages from the insertion hole 105 to realize the rotation of the ventilation baffle 10 angle.

[0050] refer to Figure 2 This invention provides a method for guiding air through a ventilation device in tunnel construction, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. Fresh air entering from outside the left tunnel 1 moves toward the working face 4 and, guided by the first air guide plate 8, moves toward the tunnel wall away from the middle tunnel 3. The fresh air pressurized by the ventilation duct 7 blows directly toward the working face 4 and, blocked by the working face 4, carries dust particles in the opposite direction toward the middle tunnel 3.

[0052] S2. The first guide plate 8 forms two staggered air ducts between the dust gas and the fresh air. At this time, most of the high-speed flowing dust gas is directly guided into the middle hole 3 by the first guide plate 8, and then tilted and guided towards the exit of the right hole 2 under the action of the second guide plate 9.

[0053] S3. The dust gas that carries the dust particles from the right tunnel 2 and then turns to flow will be guided by the second guide plate 9 to converge with the dust gas in the left tunnel 1 with the inclined flow direction. The other part will pass through each through-hole and converge with the dust gas in the left tunnel 1 with the inclined guide action of the ventilation baffle 10.

[0054] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind guide device for tunnel construction ventilation, which is arranged in a middle hole (3) near a side of a working face (4), characterized in that, The utility model relates to a ventilation device for a tunnel, comprising: a first air baffle (8) arranged vertically in the middle hole (3) and away from one side of the working face (4), the first end of the first air baffle (8) being connected to the edge of the hole wall near the left hole (1), the second end extending obliquely into the left hole (1), and the second end being closer to the working face (4) of the left hole (1) than the first end, the length of the first air baffle (8) extending into the left hole (1) being no more than half the width of the left hole (1); a second air baffle (9) arranged vertically in the middle hole (3) and near the working face (4), the first air baffle (8) and the second air baffle (9) both being flat, the first end of the second air baffle (9) being connected to the edge of the hole wall near the right hole (2), the second end extending obliquely into the right hole (2), and the second end of the second air baffle (9) being farther away from the working face (4) of the right hole (2) than the first end, the height of the first air baffle (8) and the second air baffle (9) both being lower than the height of the ventilation duct (7) in the middle hole (3), the surface of the second air baffle (9) being provided with a plurality of through holes in the thickness extension direction, the edge near the middle hole (3) of each of the plurality of through holes being connected to a ventilation baffle (10) inclined towards the middle hole (3), the ventilation baffle (10) being hingedly connected to the second air baffle (9), the side near the working face (4) of the ventilation baffle (10) being provided with a horizontal sliding groove (101), a sliding block (102) being slidably connected in the sliding groove (101), the other end of the sliding block (102) being fixedly connected to a rod (103), the other end of the rod (103) being hingedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole, the ventilation baffle (10) being connected to a fixing assembly (104) for fixing the angle of the ventilation baffle (10); and further comprising two fixing plates (11) which can be detachably connected to two opposite hole walls in the middle hole (3), the first air baffle (8) and the second air baffle (9) being hingedly connected to the fixing plate (11) on the same side, the first air baffle (8) and the second air baffle (9) being connected to an adjusting assembly (12) for synchronously adjusting the rotation angles of the first air baffle (8) and the second air baffle (9).

2. A wind guide for tunnel construction ventilation as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that The adjusting assembly (12) comprises a frame (121), two chain wheels (123), a chain (124), a first connecting rod (125) and a second connecting rod (126), the frame (121) is arranged in the middle of the middle hole (3) and below the ventilation duct (7), two sides of the frame (121) are fixedly connected with two fixing plates (11) respectively, two openings of the frame (121) horizontally extend towards the left hole (1) and the right hole (2) respectively, a rotating shaft (122) is vertically and penetratingly arranged on one side of the frame (121) close to the two fixing plates (11), the rotating shaft (122) is rotationally connected with the frame (121), the two chain wheels (123) are respectively sleeved on two parts of the rotating shaft (122) arranged in the frame (121), the two chain wheels (123) are connected by the chain (124), the two first connecting rods (125) and the second connecting rod (126) which are parallel to each other are respectively hingedly connected to the chain (124) close to the left hole (1) side and the right hole (2) side, the other end of the first connecting rod (125) is hingedly connected with the middle wall of the first air baffle (8), and the other end of the second connecting rod (126) is hingedly connected with the middle wall of the second air baffle (9).

3. A wind guide for tunnel construction ventilation as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that The fixing assembly (104) comprises a sliding pin (1041), an extension flange (1042), a plug pin (1043) and a spring (1044), the sliding pin (1041) is vertically and penetratingly arranged in the sliding block (102), the sliding pin (1041) is slidingly connected with the sliding block (102), the extension flange (1042) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the sliding pin (1041), the height of the extension flange (1042) is higher than the upper side wall of the ventilation baffle (10), the plug pin (1043) is fixedly connected with the extension flange (1042) opposite to the upper side wall of the ventilation baffle (10), a plurality of plug holes (105) are vertically arranged in the upper side wall of the ventilation baffle (10), and the spring (1044) for resetting is connected to the bottom of the sliding pin (1041).

4. A method of guiding air in a tunnel construction ventilation air guiding arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1, fresh air input from the left hole (1) moves to the direction of the working face (4), and then moves to the direction of the hole wall away from the middle hole (3) under the guidance of the first air baffle (8), the fresh air pressurized by the ventilation duct (7) directly blows to the working face (4) and carries dust particles to the direction close to the middle hole (3) in the opposite direction due to the block of the working face (4); S2, the first air baffle (8) forms two offset air ducts with the dust gas and the fresh air, most of the high-speed flowing dust gas is directly guided into the middle hole (3) by the first air baffle (8), and then is obliquely guided to the direction close to the outlet of the right hole (2) under the action of the second air baffle (9). S3, the dust particles carried by the right hole (2) after the diversion of the flow of dust gas are guided by the second air deflector (9) to the same direction as the left hole (1) dust gas, and the other part passes through each through hole and is guided by the inclined guide of the air permeable baffle (10) to the same direction as the left hole (1) dust gas.

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