Synaesthesia integrated array beam management method, device and base station

Abstract

The present application provides a synaesthesia integrated array beam management method, device and base station, belonging to the synaesthesia integrated technology field, the method comprising: the baseband processing unit configures control parameters according to preset scene requirements; after the active antenna unit receives the control parameters from the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface, the antenna unit of the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array is configured according to the control parameters to activate different array element combinations, and after completing the beam polling scan, the scanned antenna synthesis signal is transmitted back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface; the baseband processing unit recovers the air interface channel on the array element based on the received scanned antenna synthesis signal and the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scan, and generates a virtual space array steering vector by convolution of the transmitting and receiving joint array steering vector to estimate the angle of the target. The present application improves the perception accuracy and target resolution of the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of synaesthesia integration, and in particular to a synaesthesia integration array beam management method, device and base station. Background Art

[0002] With the evolution of 5G and 6G communication technologies, research on integrated base stations has received increasing attention. These base stations need to provide not only high-speed data transmission, but also high-precision perception functions, including positioning, imaging, and target tracking. The millimeter wave band is regarded as a key technology for achieving high-performance ISAC (Integrated Sensing and Communication) due to its high bandwidth and short wavelength characteristics. However, the existing HBF (hybrid beamforming) architecture encounters challenges in achieving high-resolution perception, especially in terms of improving angular resolution. There are technical bottlenecks, resulting in insufficient perception accuracy and unable to meet application requirements such as high-precision positioning and imaging. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a synaesthesia integrated array beam management method, device and base station, aiming to solve the problem that the existing digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array has insufficient perception accuracy.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a synaesthesia integrated array beam management method, which is applied to a base station, wherein the base station includes a baseband processing unit, an active antenna unit, and a fronthaul interface therebetween, wherein the active antenna unit includes a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and the method includes:

[0005] The baseband processing unit configures control parameters according to preset scenario requirements, including the activation state of array elements in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, the physical spacing parameters between the activated array elements, and the beam weight set used to adjust the signal phase and amplitude to form the desired beam direction and shape;

[0006] After the active antenna unit receives the control parameters from the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface, the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array is configured according to the control parameters, including performing multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array using the configured beam weight set to activate different array element combinations, and after completing the polling multi-beam polling scanning, the scanned antenna synthesis signal is transmitted back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface;

[0007] The baseband processing unit recovers the array element air interface channel by using a channel reconstruction algorithm based on the received scanned antenna synthesis signal and the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scan. Based on the recovered array element air interface channel, a virtual space array steering vector is generated by convolution of the transmitting and receiving joint array steering vectors. The angle of the target is estimated for the recovered array element air interface channel according to the virtual space array steering vector to determine the direction of the target in space.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a synaesthesia integrated array beam management device, which is applied to a base station, wherein the base station includes a baseband processing unit, an active antenna unit, and a fronthaul interface therebetween, wherein the active antenna unit includes a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and the device includes:

[0009] A control parameter generation module, in which the baseband processing unit configures control parameters according to preset scenario requirements, the control parameters including the activation state of the array elements in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, the physical spacing parameters between the activated array elements, and the beam weight set used to adjust the signal phase and amplitude to form the required beam direction and shape;

[0010] The antenna array scheduling module configures the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters received from the baseband processing unit by the active antenna unit through the fronthaul interface, including performing multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array using the configured beam weight set to activate different array element combinations, and after completing the polling multi-beam polling scanning, transmitting the scanned antenna synthesis signal back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface;

[0011] The angle estimation module is composed of a baseband processing unit, which uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to restore the array element air interface channel based on the received scanned antenna synthesis signal combined with the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scan, and generates a virtual space array steering vector based on the restored array element air interface channel by convolution of the transmitting and receiving joint array steering vectors, and estimates the angle of the target on the restored array element air interface channel based on the virtual space array steering vector to determine the direction of the target in space.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a base station, which is used to execute the synaesthesia integrated array beam management method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0013] The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method, device and base station provided in the present application are intended to overcome the limitations of the existing digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array in terms of perception accuracy. The core of the method is that the baseband processing unit accurately configures the control parameters including the activation state of the array element, the physical spacing parameters and the weights according to the specific scene requirements, so as to adjust the working mode and signal processing flow of the antenna array. Specifically, the active antenna unit implements dynamic multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array according to the received configuration beam weight set, and significantly improves the perception accuracy by activating different array element combinations and flexibly adjusting the scanning mode and weights. In addition, the baseband processing unit uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to recover the air interface channel on the array element from the received signal, and then generates a virtual space array steering vector based on the recovered air interface channel by convolution of the joint array steering vector. The virtual space array steering vector is used to accurately estimate the angle of the target, so as to accurately locate the target in space, greatly improving the accuracy of positioning and imaging.

[0014] In summary, this application achieves refined control and performance optimization of the antenna array through precise control parameter configuration, dynamic antenna array multi-beam polling scanning, and complex signal processing and target angle estimation, effectively improving the perception accuracy of the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the synaesthesia integrated array beam management method provided by the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 It is one of the schematic diagrams of the virtual aperture technology provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the virtual aperture technology provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of the synaesthesia integrated array beam management device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. In the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is a base station with ISAC function, which integrates communication and perception functions into the same base station, so that the base station can not only transmit data (communication) but also perceive the environment (such as target detection, positioning, etc.).

[0024] For example, in a smart transportation system, a telesensing integrated base station can simultaneously provide vehicle communication services and perception functions such as traffic flow monitoring and accident warning. This helps improve the efficiency and safety of traffic management and reduce congestion and accidents. In a smart factory environment, a telesensing integrated base station can support communication between devices while monitoring information such as the movement of objects and the location of personnel within the factory. This helps to achieve automated production, optimize logistics, and improve workplace safety. In low-altitude logistics and inspection applications, a telesensing integrated base station can provide a communication link for drones or unmanned aerial vehicles while monitoring and tracking aerial targets. This helps improve logistics efficiency, ensure flight safety, and support remote inspection tasks.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present application provides a flow chart of a synaesthesia integrated array beam management method. A synaesthesia integrated array beam management method is applied to a base station, wherein the base station includes a baseband processing unit, an active antenna unit, and a fronthaul interface therebetween, wherein the active antenna unit includes a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and the method includes:

[0026] S100, the baseband processing unit configures control parameters according to preset scenario requirements, wherein the control parameters include the activation state of array elements in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, the physical spacing parameters between the activated array elements, and a beam weight set for adjusting the signal phase and amplitude to form a desired beam direction and shape.

[0027] Specifically, the preset scenario requirements can be defined according to the characteristics of the actual application scenario and the specific needs of the user, such as coverage, signal strength and quality, interference suppression, energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency, etc. Among them, the activation state of the array element refers to which antenna array elements should be activated (i.e., turned on and participated in the transmission or reception of signals) and which should be turned off. The configuration of the activation state depends on the needs of the communication scenario, for example, to improve the directivity of the signal or cover a specific area. The physical spacing parameter between the activated array elements refers to the distance between the antenna array elements. Different spacings can affect the shape and direction of the beam, thereby affecting the coverage and directivity of the signal. The beam weight is used to adjust the phase and amplitude of the signal to form a specific beam direction and shape. Beamforming is a technology that can enhance the signal in a specific direction and weaken it in other directions by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signal emitted by multiple antenna array elements, thereby improving the signal directionality and system performance.

[0028] The purpose of this step is to optimize the performance of the antenna array by configuring the control parameters of the baseband processing unit to adapt to different scenario requirements, such as improving signal coverage, enhancing signal directionality, reducing interference, etc. The configuration of control parameters is based on the analysis and prediction of the current communication environment and the optimization goal of system performance.

[0029] S200, after the active antenna unit receives the control parameters from the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface, it configures the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters, including performing multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array using the configured beam weight set to activate different array element combinations, and after completing the multi-beam polling scanning, transmitting the scanned antenna synthesis signal back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface.

[0030] Specifically, the active antenna unit receives control parameters from the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface. The control parameters include the activation state of the array element, the array element spacing, and the beam weight. The active antenna unit configures the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the received control parameters. This includes activating or deactivating specific antenna array elements, adjusting the physical spacing between array elements, and setting beam weights. Using the configured beam weights, the active antenna unit performs multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array. This scanning method can be used to explore different signal paths or form beams in different directions. After completing the multi-beam polling scan, the active antenna unit transmits the scanned antenna synthesis signal back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface. The antenna synthesis signal includes the antenna array and the received or transmitted data under different configurations.

[0031] The purpose of this step is that the active antenna unit dynamically configures its antenna array according to the instructions of the baseband processing unit, optimizes the reception and transmission of signals through multi-beam polling scanning, and then feeds the results back to the baseband processing unit for subsequent processing to achieve efficient, flexible and directional communication.

[0032] S300, the baseband processing unit uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to restore the array element air interface channel based on the received scanned antenna synthesis signal combined with the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scan, and based on the restored array element air interface channel, generates a virtual space array steering vector through the convolution of the receiving and transmitting joint array steering vector, and estimates the angle of the target on the restored array element air interface channel based on the virtual space array steering vector to determine the direction of the target in space.

[0033] Specifically, the baseband processing unit receives the scanned antenna synthesis signal sent by the active antenna unit through the fronthaul interface. These antenna synthesis signals are collected in combination with different array elements and contain information about the channel state. The baseband processing unit combines the weights of the multi-beam polling scan and uses a channel reconstruction algorithm (such as a compressed sensing algorithm, a matrix completion extrapolation algorithm, etc.) to restore the air interface channel on the array element, for example, including extracting channel state information from the received signal to understand and reconstruct the path of the signal propagation in the air. Based on the restored air interface channel, that is, based on the restored transceiver array element channel, the baseband processing unit generates a virtual space array steering vector by convolution of the transceiver joint array steering vector. Among them, the transceiver joint array steering vector refers to a steering vector that combines the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna array, and describes the propagation characteristics of the signal during the transmission and reception process. The virtual space array steering vector refers to a steering vector generated by convolving the transceiver joint array steering vector, which is used to describe the propagation characteristics of the signal in the virtual space array. Using the generated virtual space array steering vector, the baseband processing unit estimates the angle of the target, for example, including analyzing the direction information in the steering vector to determine the specific direction of the target in space.

[0034] The function of this step is that the baseband processing unit recovers the channel state by analyzing the scanning signal sent by the active antenna unit to generate a virtual space array steering vector and then estimate the target angle.

[0035] In summary, the present application uses the baseband processing unit to intelligently configure the control parameters, and the active antenna unit dynamically adjusts the antenna array to adapt to different scene requirements. It also uses multi-beam polling scanning technology to activate different array element combinations at different time points to explore different signal paths and directions. Finally, the algorithm is used to restore the transmit and receive array element channels and estimate the target angle.

[0036] The above steps S100 to S300 are described in detail below.

[0037] In a base station with integrated interaceptive function, the base station has both communication and perception functions. The two have many similarities in signal processing and can reuse the same set of hardware to realize communication and perception functions, as shown in the comparison in Table 1 below.

[0038] Table 1

[0039]

[0040] As shown in Table 1 above, the existing computing units for communication signal processing based on MIMO=OFDM waveforms in existing NR systems are consistent with the principles and implementation methods of the main RDA (Range-Doppler-Angle) computing modules of classic radar (perception). Therefore, ISAC is regarded as one of the important directions of evolution in both 5G-A and 6G.

[0041] Compared with Sub6G, the millimeter wave band has a shorter wavelength and a larger bandwidth. In theory, it has higher perception performance and is suitable for high-performance ISAC scenarios, such as high-precision positioning, high-resolution imaging, and high-density multi-target tracking. In the millimeter wave industry, the use of digital-analog hybrid beamforming (HBF) antenna arrays as one of the important technologies of active antenna units (AAUs) has the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, and high integration.

[0042] The hybrid beamforming antenna array is realized by combining the digital domain and the analog domain. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 : is a schematic diagram of a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. The digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array includes a digital-analog converter unit and an integrated package antenna array; the digital-analog converter unit is responsible for converting a digital signal representing a weight into an analog signal; the integrated package antenna array includes a power amplifier and a phase shifter, wherein the power amplifier is used to control the transmit power of the array element so that the signal is transmitted according to a preset intensity, and the phase shifter is used to control the transmit phase of the array element so as to achieve beam direction control by adjusting the phase of the signal.

[0043] The existing more powerful mmWave ISAC base station array can reach a 1024-element scale (32H32V), which means it has 32 rows and 32 columns of antenna arrays, a total of 1024 antenna elements. Despite the large array size, its angular resolution is only , it is still not enough to meet the needs of some high-precision applications. Because imaging usually needs to meet an angular resolution of less than 1°, in order to be able to clearly distinguish and identify targets. However, the array scale of a general millimeter-wave base station is (8H8V), that is, 8 rows and 8 columns, with a total of 64 antenna units. The angular resolution of this smaller-scale antenna array is only about 10°, which is far from meeting the needs of high-precision imaging and other applications. This shows that the existing millimeter-wave base station arrays still have certain limitations in achieving high-precision perception and imaging.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is one of the schematic diagrams of the virtual aperture technology provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 A virtual aperture technology proposed in the radar field is demonstrated to improve the angular resolution. The spacing of the transmitting array meets , which means that the spacing of the transmitting array is based on a factor and basic spacing The product of . The signals are sent orthogonally at the transmitting end (i.e., TX array) by means of time division or frequency division. Orthogonal transmission means that the signals will not interfere with each other and can be received and processed independently. At the receiving end (i.e., RX array), a similar The resolution effect of the array. This means that even if the actual array size is small, the resolution of a larger array can be simulated through algorithm processing. However, this is only suitable for digital beamforming (DBF) antenna arrays, but not for hybrid beamforming (HBF) antenna arrays. The reason is that there are only unidirectional arrays for transmission or reception in the communication scenario, and such unidirectional arrays must have grating lobe problems. Grating lobes refer to secondary peaks outside the main lobe that appear in certain directions, which can cause serious interference between multiple users. This architecture is more suitable for perception applications because it can improve resolution, but it is not suitable for base stations with both communication and perception capabilities because it can cause interference problems between multiple users. Therefore, the technical solution of simulating the resolution of a larger array at the receiving end through an algorithm has its limitations and is only applicable to specific array architectures (such as DBF). Moreover, due to the grating lobe problem of the unidirectional array, it is more suitable for perception applications rather than base stations with both communication and perception capabilities.

[0045] Under the HBF antenna array, you can use the sensing mode that uses the same beam direction for transmission and reception. When the same beam direction is used for transmission and reception, the 3dB beamwidth of the equivalent beam pattern of both the transmitting and receiving ends will be reduced. The 3dB beamwidth refers to the angular range of the beamwidth when the signal strength drops to half. The reduction in beamwidth means that the beam is more concentrated and more directional. When (that is, the number of elements in the transmitting array multiplied by the spacing is equal to the number of elements in the receiving array multiplied by the spacing), this A-transmitting and A-receiving mode can improve the resolution of the array. Although this mode can improve the angular resolution of the HBF antenna array to a certain extent, the degree of improvement is limited.

[0046] Therefore, the present application can use virtual aperture technology under the HBF antenna array to improve angular resolution and perception performance. Virtual aperture technology is a technology that simulates a larger physical aperture (i.e., a larger-scale antenna array) through algorithms and signal processing methods, thereby improving the resolution and performance of the system without increasing the actual number of physical antennas. In the HBF antenna array, virtual aperture technology can be implemented by controlling the weight or activation state of the phase shifter. The phase shifter is a device used to adjust the phase of the signal. By adjusting the setting of the phase shifter, the shape and direction of the beam can be changed, thereby simulating a larger virtual aperture. Compared with the above-mentioned A-transmit and A-receive beam scanning method, this virtual aperture technology can significantly improve the angular resolution. The A-transmit and A-receive beam scanning method refers to the use of the same beam pointing for transmission and reception, and the virtual aperture technology can provide finer angular resolution by simulating a larger aperture.

[0047] This application significantly improves the angular resolution by applying virtual aperture technology under the HBF antenna array to control the weight or activation state of the phase shifter, thereby improving the perception performance and imaging accuracy in the millimeter wave frequency band.

[0048] In some embodiments, in the above step S200, the step of configuring the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters by the active antenna unit includes:

[0049] S201, the active antenna unit configures each phase shifter according to the received control parameters, specifically including adjusting the phase of the output or received signal of each phase shifter according to the array element level weight information included in the control parameters, so that the signal phase matches the beamforming requirement, and also determining the phase shifters in the activated state and the set of phase shifters that are turned off according to the activation state indication in the control parameters.

[0050] Specifically, the active antenna unit first receives control parameters from the baseband processing unit. The control parameters are pre-calculated and configured according to the communication scenario requirements and / or the perception task. According to the array element-level weight information contained in the control parameters, the active antenna unit adjusts the phase of the signal output or received by each phase shifter. The array element-level weight information determines the amount of phase adjustment of the signal to ensure that the signal phase matches the beamforming requirements. Beamforming is a technology that enables an antenna array to concentrate energy to transmit or receive signals in a specific direction by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signal. The control parameters also include an activation status indication, which determines which phase shifters should be activated to participate in beamforming and which phase shifters should be turned off.

[0051] The function of this step is that the active antenna unit adjusts the phase and activation state of the phase shifter according to the received control parameters to achieve effective beamforming.

[0052] S202, during the environmental detection process, the baseband processing unit continuously monitors the real-time feedback of the active antenna unit and the information of the system operation status, and based on the information, dynamically updates the weight and activation status of the phase shifter to adapt to environmental changes, user movement or new communication and perception needs in real time.

[0053] Specifically, the baseband processing unit continuously monitors the real-time feedback of the active antenna unit and information on the system operating status. This information includes, for example, signal strength, interference level, changes in user location, system load, etc. Based on the monitored information, the baseband processing unit dynamically updates the weights and activation status of the phase shifters. Updating the weights means adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signal to optimize the beamforming to ensure that the signal can be effectively transmitted to the target user or receive signals from the target direction. This dynamic update is to adapt to environmental changes, user movements, or new communication and perception needs in real time. For example, if the user is moving, the baseband processing unit can adjust the beam direction to maintain connection with the user; if a new source of interference appears in the environment, the baseband processing unit can adjust the beamforming strategy to reduce the impact of interference.

[0054] The purpose of this step is that the baseband processing unit ensures that the communication system can adapt to the changing environment and user needs by continuously monitoring and dynamically adjusting the weights and activation status of the phase shifters, thereby maintaining communication quality and system performance.

[0055] Specifically, in the above step 202, during the environmental detection process, the baseband processing unit continuously monitors the real-time feedback of the active antenna unit and the information of the system operation status, and based on this information, dynamically updates the weight and activation status of the phase shifter, including:

[0056] S2021, configure dedicated environment detection signals and time slot resources to measure the distance distribution and angle distribution of targets in the environment.

[0057] S2022: Based on the measured distance distribution and angle distribution of the target, evaluate the impact of the number of transmitting and receiving array elements on the transmission power and array gain to determine the maximum coverage distance; and based on the evaluation results, further analyze the array element position distribution and spacing to determine the unambiguous angle range and angle resolution.

[0058] S2023, based on the environmental detection results and in combination with the link budget estimation method, determine the optimal number of transmitting and receiving array elements and their spacing, wherein the environmental detection results include the distance distribution and angle distribution of the target, the evaluation results, and the array element position distribution and spacing.

[0059] In the above steps S2021 to S2023, by setting dedicated environmental detection signals and time slot resources, the distance distribution and angle distribution of targets in the environment can be measured. The number of transmitting and receiving array elements determines the transmission power and array gain, which directly affects the coverage distance; while the position distribution and spacing of the transmitting and receiving array elements determine the unambiguous angle range and angle resolution. Therefore, the number of transmitting and receiving arrays that can be used and their corresponding array spacing can be determined based on the environmental detection results, combined with link budget estimation and other methods.

[0060] In some embodiments, in the above step S100, the step of configuring the control parameters by the baseband processing unit according to the preset scenario requirements includes configuring the key fields of the fronthaul interface, and the key fields include any one of the following or a combination thereof:

[0061] Array element status mask field: used to indicate the activation or deactivation status information of the array element. For example, 1010 means that array elements 1 and 3 are activated, and array elements 2 and 4 are deactivated.

[0062] Weight field: used to indicate the beam weight information of the activated array element;

[0063] Beam polling mode: used to indicate the beam polling order, including the order of beam scanning and the number of scans;

[0064] Array element spacing field: used to indicate the physical spacing information between activated array elements.

[0065] Specifically, the element state mask field is used to indicate the activation or deactivation status of each element in the antenna array. In other words, it tells the active antenna unit which elements should be activated (turned on) to send or receive signals and which elements should be turned off (not involved in the transmission or reception of signals). The beam weight field is used to indicate the beam weight information on the activated elements. The beam weight is a key parameter used for beamforming, which determines the phase and amplitude of the signal on each element. By adjusting the beam weight, the direction and shape of the beam can be controlled to optimize the transmission and reception of the signal. The beam polling mode is used to indicate the beam polling order, including the order of beam scanning and the number of scans. For example, assuming there are three beams (beam 1, beam 2, beam 3), the beam polling mode can be set to: Order: beam 1 -> beam 2 -> beam 3. The number of times can be set to: beam 1 scans 3 times, beam 2 scans 2 times, and beam 3 scans 1 time. This means that the system first scans beam 1 three times, then scans beam 2 twice, and finally scans beam 3 once. By properly setting the beam polling mode, the flexibility and efficiency of the system can be improved. The array element spacing field is used to indicate the physical spacing information between the activated array elements. The array element spacing is an important parameter that affects the performance of the antenna array. It determines the beam width and resolution of the array. By adjusting the array element spacing, the coverage and directivity of the array can be optimized.

[0066] Therefore, by configuring the above-mentioned key fields in the fronthaul interface, these key fields are used to transmit information related to the antenna array configuration, including the activation status of the array element, beam weights, beam polling mode, and array element spacing, so that the active antenna unit can correctly configure the antenna array according to the instructions of the baseband processing unit to meet specific communication or perception requirements.

[0067] In some embodiments, in the above step S100, the baseband processing unit further configures the control parameters according to the preset scenario requirements:

[0068] S101, the baseband processing unit uses an optimization algorithm to determine beam weights for beamforming, select activated array elements, and physical spacing parameters between array elements.

[0069] Specifically, the baseband processing unit designs an algorithm to maximize the angular resolution under the link budget threshold constraint of the maximum coverage distance based on the maximum coverage distance and angular distribution range, full array distribution and single power amplifier transmission power decided after environmental detection, thereby outputting the activated array element set, activated array element spacing and beam weight set to achieve optimal configuration of beamforming parameters.

[0070] For example, the baseband processing unit can use a genetic algorithm (GA) or a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to determine the beam weights for beamforming. These algorithms are optimization algorithms that simulate the behavior of natural selection and swarm intelligence to find the optimal solution or a near-optimal solution to a problem. Among them, the genetic algorithm gradually optimizes the solution by simulating the genetic and natural selection mechanisms in the biological evolution process. The particle swarm optimization algorithm simulates the group behavior of a flock of birds or a school of fish and finds the optimal solution through information sharing between individuals. The baseband processing unit can also use a channel estimation algorithm to determine the activation state of the array element and the physical spacing parameters between the activated array elements. The channel estimation algorithm is a technology used to estimate the characteristics and parameters of the wireless channel. Through the channel estimation algorithm, the baseband processing unit can understand the current channel conditions, such as fading, multipath effects, interference, etc., and decide which array elements should be activated to form an effective beam, and the optimal spacing between these activated array elements to maximize the coverage and quality of the signal.

[0071] It should be noted that the genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and channel estimation algorithm mentioned above are only examples, and do not mean that the present application is limited to the use of these specific algorithms. In fact, the technical solution of the present application is applicable to the use of any applicable optimization algorithm and channel estimation algorithm to achieve the optimization of weights and the determination of the activation state of the array element and its spacing parameters. The present application is intended to cover all algorithmic technologies that can effectively improve the performance of the communication system.

[0072] In some embodiments, in the above step 300, the baseband processing unit uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to restore the array element air interface channel according to the received scanned antenna synthesis signal in combination with the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scanning, including:

[0073] S301, the baseband processing unit receives the scanned antenna synthesis signal transmitted back by the active antenna unit through the fronthaul interface, the scanned antenna synthesis signal includes a polling multi-beam polling scanning signal synthesized by multiple array elements, the synthesized polling multi-beam polling scanning signal means that when the active antenna unit performs the polling multi-beam polling scanning, different array element combinations are activated at different time points, and the beam weights in the control parameters are used to perform beamforming on the corresponding array elements.

[0074] Specifically, the baseband processing unit receives the scanned antenna synthesis signal transmitted back by the active antenna unit through the fronthaul interface. These antenna synthesis signals are generated by the active antenna unit after performing the scanning operation. The scanned antenna synthesis signal contains a polling multi-beam polling scanning signal synthesized by multiple array elements. This means that when the active antenna unit performs scanning, different array element combinations will be activated at different time points to collect signal information from different directions. The synthesized polling multi-beam polling scanning signal means that when the active antenna unit performs polling multi-beam polling scanning, different array element combinations will be activated at different time points, and the weights in the control parameters will be used to beamform the corresponding array elements. Beamforming is to form a beam pointing to a specific direction by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the array element to effectively receive or send signals.

[0075] The purpose of this step is that the baseband processing unit receives and processes the signals obtained by the active antenna unit after scanning through different array element combinations. These signals contain rich spatial information, which helps the baseband processing unit to perform subsequent signal processing and analysis to achieve more accurate beam control and communication performance optimization.

[0076] S302: The baseband processing unit uses a compressed sensing algorithm or a matrix completion extrapolation algorithm to recover the air interface channel on the array element from the received scanned signal.

[0077] Specifically, the baseband processing unit designs a channel reconstruction algorithm based on the input activation element set, activation element spacing, beam weight set, and each beam polling received signal, with the goal of reconstructing channel sparsity, completes channel reconstruction, and outputs a reconstructed channel estimate.

[0078] For example, the baseband processing unit uses a compressed sensing algorithm or a matrix completion extrapolation algorithm to recover the air interface channel on the array element from the received scanned signal. Specifically, the compressed sensing (CS) algorithm is used to process the received scanned signal. Compressed sensing is a signal processing technology that can effectively recover the original signal when the signal sampling rate is lower than the Nyquist theorem requirement. This algorithm uses the sparsity of the signal (that is, the signal can be represented as a linear combination of a few non-zero elements in a certain domain) to reduce the number of required samples. Another algorithm used is the matrix completion extrapolation algorithm. Matrix completion is a data processing technology that aims to recover a complete matrix from partially observed data. In wireless communications, for example, it includes inferring a complete channel matrix from partially observed channel state information. By using these algorithms, the baseband processing unit can recover the air interface channel on the array element from the received scanned signal. After recovering the air interface channel, the baseband processing unit designs a channel reconstruction algorithm based on the input activated array element set, activated array element spacing, beam weight set, and each beam polling received signal. With the goal of reconstructing channel sparsity, channel reconstruction is completed and the reconstructed channel estimate is output.

[0079] The purpose of this step is that the baseband processing unit uses a compressed sensing algorithm or a matrix completion extrapolation algorithm to recover the air interface channel on the array element from the scanned signal, and further designs a channel reconstruction algorithm based on the recovered air interface channel, with the goal of reconstructing channel sparsity, completing channel reconstruction and outputting the reconstructed channel estimate, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of channel estimation.

[0080] Similarly, the compressed sensing algorithm and matrix completion extrapolation algorithm mentioned above are only examples and do not mean that the present application is limited to the use of these specific algorithms.

[0081] In some embodiments, in the above step S100, the baseband processing unit further configures the control parameters according to the preset scenario requirements:

[0082] S102, by controlling the activation and shutdown states of the transmitting or receiving array in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and the beam weight combined with the time-division scanning method, the orthogonality between the array elements and the array element separation are realized, so as to equivalently realize the virtual aperture under the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array; wherein the beam weight assigns different weights to each array element, so that the array element can send orthogonal signals during scanning; and the time-division scanning is to activate different array element combinations at different time points, so that in each time slot, the array elements can separate and send or receive their respective signals.

[0083] Specifically, in a hybrid digital-analog beamforming antenna array, by controlling the activation and shutdown states of the transmitting or receiving elements in the array, specific elements can be selectively used to send or receive signals. This selective activation helps to achieve orthogonality between elements, that is, to ensure that the signals sent or received by different elements do not interfere with each other. Beam weights refer to assigning different weights to each element. These beam weights determine the phase and amplitude of the signal sent or received by the element, thereby affecting the shape and direction of the beam. By assigning unique beam weights to each element, it can be ensured that the elements can send orthogonal signals, that is, signals that do not interfere with each other, during scanning. Time division scanning refers to activating different combinations of elements at different time points. In each time slot, only a specific combination of elements is activated, so that each element has the opportunity to separate and send or receive its own signal. This time division multiplexing method helps to achieve separation between elements, thereby simulating a larger virtual aperture. By controlling the activation state of the elements, beam weights and time division scanning as described above, the HBF antenna array can equivalently achieve a virtual aperture. The purpose of this step is to achieve orthogonality and separation between array elements under the HBF antenna array by controlling the activation state of the array elements, beam weights, and using time-division scanning technology, thereby equivalently realizing a virtual aperture and improving the system's angular resolution and communication performance.

[0084] The inter-sensory function means that the base station equipment is not only used for communication, but also has the function of perception (such as radar, imaging, etc.), and it is necessary to process communication and perception tasks on the same platform at the same time. In the DBF antenna array, the antenna spacing of the transmitting array and the receiving array is different. The antenna spacing of the transmitting array is large, while the antenna spacing of the receiving array is small. This is to optimize the signal coverage and receiving sensitivity in different directions. The base station equipment with the inter-sensory function cannot directly use the transmitting second spacing array (such as a large spacing array) and the receiving first spacing array (such as a densely arranged array, or a small spacing array) of the DBF antenna array, which will cause the grating lobe problem to seriously affect the communication performance. Grating lobes refer to the fact that in some antenna array designs, due to the large antenna spacing, in addition to the main lobe (main signal direction), there will be multiple side lobes (secondary signal direction). These side lobes will interfere with the signal of the main lobe, reducing the clarity of the signal and the performance of the system. In the base station equipment with the inter-sensory function, the grating lobe problem will seriously affect the communication performance. Because the grating lobe will cause signal aliasing and interference, the quality of the communication signal will be reduced, and the accuracy of the perception task will also be affected.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the virtual aperture technology provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4It is demonstrated that in a base station device with synaesthesia function, synaesthesia time division multiplexing can be used. In the perception time slot, based on the first spacing array (such as a dense array) for both transmission and reception, the virtual aperture under the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array can be equivalently realized through weight design and algorithm coordination. Specifically, synaesthesia time division multiplexing means that on the same device, the communication and perception functions alternately use device resources in a time-division manner. In a specific time slot, the device performs the perception task, while in other time slots, the device performs the communication task. The perception time slot refers to the time period during the time division multiplexing period when the device is specifically used to perform the perception task. The fact that both transmission and reception are first spacing arrays means that the spacing of the antenna array is small, whether it is transmitting or receiving. The first spacing array helps to reduce the grating lobe problem and improve the clarity of the signal and the performance of the system. Through weight design, a specific phase and amplitude can be assigned to each antenna array element to form the desired beam shape and direction.

[0086] In some embodiments, in the above step S200, the step of configuring the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters further includes:

[0087] S203, determining a time slot allocation scheme for communication and perception, including configuring the array to operate in a first spacing array transceiver mode in a communication time slot; and switching the array configuration to a second spacing array transceiver mode in a perception time slot; wherein the spacing of the first spacing array is smaller than the spacing of the second spacing array.

[0088] S204, according to whether the time slot type is communication or perception, controls the activation and shutdown status of the transmitting or receiving array, including activating the array part used for communication and shutting down the array part used for perception in the communication time slot; and activating the array part used for perception and shutting down the array part used for communication in the perception time slot; so as to realize sending and receiving communication signals in the communication time slot, and sending and receiving perception signals in the perception time slot.

[0089] S205, realizing a virtual aperture array morphology by alternately using arrays of different layouts, including simulating a second spacing array in a communication time slot; and simulating a first spacing array in a sensing time slot.

[0090] In the above steps S203 to S205, efficient communication and perception functions are achieved through time slot allocation and array configuration. In the communication time slot, the array is configured as the transceiver mode of the first spacing array (such as a densely packed array) to optimize the communication performance; and in the perception time slot, the array is configured as the transceiver mode of the second spacing array (such as a large spacing array) to improve the performance of perception (such as radar, etc.). Depending on the type of time slot, the activation and shutdown states of the transmitting or receiving array are dynamically controlled. This flexible array configuration method enables the device to send and receive both communication signals and perception signals in different time slots. By alternating the use of arrays with different layouts, the second spacing array is simulated in the communication time slot and the first spacing array is simulated in the perception time slot, thereby realizing a virtual aperture array morphology. This implementation method of the virtual aperture can improve the angular resolution and overall performance of the system without increasing the number of actual physical antennas.

[0091] In the interawareness time division multiplexing mode, for example, taking the perception overhead of 50%, the perception overhead of 50% means that in the total time resources, half of the time is used for perception tasks and the other half is used for communication tasks. This allocation method reflects the balanced allocation of perception and communication functions in time. Perception and communication complete corresponding functions on different symbols or slots (time slots) as shown in Table 2:

[0092] Table 2

[0093]

[0094] During the communication time slot, the device adopts a specific array transceiver mode (such as Figure 4 The pattern shown on the left, where both the TX (transmit) antenna array and the RX (receive) antenna array use a first spacing array (eg, a densely packed array), optimizes communication performance.

[0095] In the sensing time slot, the device adopts another array transmission and reception mode (such as Figure 4 The mode shown on the right, i.e., TX adopts the first pitch array and RX adopts the second pitch array, i.e., TX adopts a densely arranged array and RX adopts a large pitch array. This mode optimizes the perception performance.

[0096] visible, Figure 4 In the synaesthesia time-division multiplexing mode shown, the perception and communication functions are performed alternately in different time periods, which helps to efficiently perform communication and perception tasks on the same device.

[0097] Therefore, by controlling the activation and deactivation of the transmit or receive array, an array form can be simulated in which some array elements are spaced relatively large while others are spaced relatively small. This configuration helps to form a virtual aperture, that is, to electronically simulate different array forms without changing the physical array structure, thereby improving the performance of the system, such as increasing the angular resolution. In the HBF antenna array, all array elements must send the same signal at the same time. This is different from the DBF antenna array, which can send all orthogonal transmission signals at the same time, while the HBF antenna array is subject to this limitation. In order to overcome the limitations of the HBF antenna array, a method combining beam weights and time division scanning is adopted. Through the weighted beam values ​​designed by the baseband processing unit, different array element combinations can be activated so that each array element sends orthogonal signals at different time points. Time division scanning refers to activating different array element combinations at different time points to ensure the orthogonality of the signals between the array elements, thereby achieving effective separation of the array elements.

[0098] In some embodiments, the transmitting array in the HBF antenna array adopts the second spacing array, while the receiving array adopts the first spacing array; or different numbers of activated array elements are used; or array elements are arranged at different positions.

[0099] That is to say, in the full array of the HBF antenna array, different array configuration strategies are adopted to achieve specific communication or perception functions. For example, the transmitting array adopts the second spacing array, which means that the distance between the transmitting array elements is large. This configuration is used to improve the coverage and directivity of the signal and enhance the ability of long-distance communication or perception. The receiving array adopts the first spacing array, which means that the distance between the receiving array elements is small. This configuration helps to improve the spatial resolution of the received signal and enhance the perception of close-range or detailed signals. In addition, the use of different numbers of activated array elements means that the number of activated array elements can be dynamically adjusted in different communication or perception scenarios. For example, in scenarios where high gain is required, more array elements may be activated; while in scenarios where fast scanning is required, the number of activated array elements may be reduced. Furthermore, setting array elements at different positions means that the design of the array is flexible and the array elements can be placed at different positions as needed. This configuration can optimize the performance of the array to adapt to different working modes and environmental conditions.

[0100] It can be seen that the various array configuration strategies used in the HBF antenna array to optimize performance, including different spacings between the transmitting and receiving arrays, different numbers of activated array elements, and the settings of array elements at different positions, can help improve the flexibility and adaptability of the system to meet different communication and perception needs.

[0101] In some embodiments, in the above step S300, the baseband processing unit uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to restore the array element air interface channel according to the received scanned antenna synthesis signal in combination with the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scanning, including:

[0102] S303, controlling the activation and deactivation states of the antenna array by means of weights, including controlling the activation or deactivation state of each element of the antenna array by means of a weight.

[0103] That is, the activation and deactivation of the antenna array can be controlled by weights, e.g. Figure 4 The weights corresponding to the RX antenna array state on the right are:

[0104] ;

[0105] ;

[0106] .

[0107] Among them, the weight , indicating that only the first array element is active and the rest are off. Similarly, the weight and weights , indicating that only the fourth and thirteenth array elements are activated, and the rest are turned off.

[0108] S304, at the receiving end, the baseband processing unit restores the receiving channel according to the received signal and the corresponding beam weight, including calculating the receiving channel by a preset function on the received signal and the corresponding beam weight.

[0109] For example, the baseband processing unit can recover the receiving channel based on the received signal:

[0110] ;

[0111] That is, at the receiving end, the baseband processing unit can and the corresponding beam weights To restore the receiving channel. Specifically, the receiving channel A preset function It can be calculated and the channel information can be extracted from the received signal.

[0112] Therefore, the above steps S303 and S304 control the activation and deactivation states of the array through weights, and use these beam weights and received signals to restore the receiving channel. This technology can be used to implement time division multiplexing of the array, that is, activating different array elements in different time periods, thereby achieving more flexible signal processing and channel estimation.

[0113] In summary, the present application dynamically adjusts the signal content transmitted between the active antenna unit and the baseband processing unit according to the requirements of specific application scenarios or through a learning mechanism that perceives the environment. By configuring a new fronthaul interface field, it is possible to flexibly select the weights or activation states of the phase shifters in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and combine the preset algorithm technology under the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array to achieve the effect of a virtual aperture. Its technical effects include that while maintaining the same resolution, the present application can significantly reduce the physical size of the HBF antenna array, thereby reducing the overall cost of the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) device. Under the same array size conditions, compared with traditional HBF transmission and reception schemes, the present application can provide higher resolution, thereby improving the performance and application scope of the system.

[0114] The synaesthesia integrated array beam management device provided in the present application is described below. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management device described below and the synaesthesia integrated array beam management method described above can be referred to each other.

[0115] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The module block diagram of the synaesthesia integrated array beam management device provided by the present application. A synaesthesia integrated array beam management device 500 is applied to a base station, wherein the base station includes a baseband processing unit, an active antenna unit and a fronthaul interface therebetween, wherein the active antenna unit includes a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, including a control parameter generation module 510, an antenna array scheduling module 520 and an angle estimation module 530.

[0116] Exemplarily, the control parameter generation module 510 is configured by the baseband processing unit according to preset scenario requirements. The control parameters include the activation state of the array elements in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, the physical spacing parameters between the activated array elements, and the beam weight set used to adjust the signal phase and amplitude to form the desired beam direction and shape.

[0117] Exemplarily, after the active antenna unit receives the control parameters from the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface, the antenna array scheduling module 520 configures the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters, including performing multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array using the configured beam weight set to activate different array element combinations, and after completing the polling multi-beam polling scan, transmitting the scanned antenna synthesis signal back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface.

[0118] Exemplarily, the angle estimation module 530 is composed of a baseband processing unit that uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to recover the array element air interface channel based on the received scanned antenna synthesis signal combined with the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scan, and based on the recovered array element air interface channel, generates a virtual space array steering vector by convolution of the transmit and receive joint array steering vector, and estimates the angle of the target on the recovered array element air interface channel based on the virtual space array steering vector to determine the direction of the target in space.

[0119] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned synaesthesia integrated array beam management device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned synaesthesia integrated array beam management method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effects. The parts and beneficial effects of this embodiment that are the same as those of the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0120] In some embodiments, the present application further provides a base station, which is used to execute the synaesthesia integrated array beam management method as described above.

[0121] Specifically, the base station realizes the inter-sensory integrated array beam management method through the collaborative work of the baseband processing unit and the active antenna unit. The baseband processing unit is responsible for configuring the control parameters and signal processing, while the active antenna unit is responsible for configuring the antenna array and sending and receiving signals according to the control parameters. Through this integrated approach, the base station can efficiently perform communication and perception tasks on the same platform.

[0122] On the other hand, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute the synaesthesia integrated array beam management method provided by the above methods.

[0123] On the other hand, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned synaesthesia integrated array beam management method is implemented.

[0124] The embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, a computer program product, and a processor-readable storage medium, on which the computer program stored enables the processor to implement all the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned method embodiments and to achieve the same technical effects. The parts and beneficial effects of this embodiment that are the same as those in the method embodiments will not be described in detail herein.

[0125] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0126] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0127] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A synaesthesia integrated array beam management method, characterized in that: Applied to a base station, the base station includes a baseband processing unit, an active antenna unit, and a fronthaul interface therebetween, wherein the active antenna unit includes a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and the method includes: The baseband processing unit configures control parameters according to preset scenario requirements, including the activation state of array elements in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, the physical spacing parameters between the activated array elements, and the beam weight set used to adjust the signal phase and amplitude to form the desired beam direction and shape; After the active antenna unit receives the control parameters from the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface, the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array is configured according to the control parameters, including performing multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array using the configured beam weight set to activate different array element combinations, and after completing the multi-beam polling scanning, the scanned antenna synthesis signal is transmitted back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface; The baseband processing unit uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to restore the array element air interface channel according to the received scanned antenna synthesis signal and the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scan, and generates a virtual space array steering vector by convolution of the receiving and transmitting joint array steering vector based on the restored array element air interface channel, and estimates the angle of the target on the restored array element air interface channel according to the virtual space array steering vector to determine the direction of the target in space; including: Controlling activation and deactivation of the antenna array by weights, including controlling activation or deactivation of each element of the antenna array by a weight; At the receiving end, the baseband processing unit restores the receiving channel according to the received signal and the corresponding beam weight, including the receiving channel being calculated by a preset function on the received signal and the corresponding beam weight.

2. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array includes a digital-analog converter unit and an integrated package antenna array; The digital-to-analog converter unit is responsible for converting digital signals into analog signals; the integrated package antenna array includes a power amplifier and a phase shifter, wherein the power amplifier is used to control the transmission power of the array element so that the signal is transmitted according to the preset intensity, and the phase shifter is used to control the transmission phase of the array element to achieve beam direction control by adjusting the phase of the signal.

3. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of configuring the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters comprises: The active antenna unit configures each phase shifter according to the received control parameters, specifically including adjusting the phase of the output or received signal of each phase shifter according to the array element level weight information contained in the control parameters, so that the signal phase matches the beamforming requirement, and also determining the phase shifters in the activated state and the set of phase shifters that are turned off according to the activation state indication in the control parameters; During the environmental detection process, the baseband processing unit continuously monitors the real-time feedback of the active antenna unit and the information of the system operation status, and dynamically updates the weight and activation status of the phase shifter based on the information.

4. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps of the baseband processing unit continuously monitoring the real-time feedback of the active antenna unit and the information of the system operation status during the environmental detection process, and dynamically updating the weight and activation status of the phase shifter based on the information include: Configure dedicated environmental detection signals and time slot resources to measure the distance distribution and angle distribution of targets in the environment; Based on the distance distribution and angle distribution of the measured target, the influence of the number of transmitting and receiving array elements on the transmission power and array gain is evaluated to determine the maximum coverage distance; and combined with the evaluation results, the array element position distribution and spacing are further analyzed to determine the unambiguous angle range and angle resolution; Based on the environmental detection results and in combination with the link budget estimation method, the optimal number of transmitting and receiving array elements and their spacing are determined, wherein the environmental detection results include the distance distribution and angle distribution of the target, the evaluation results, and the array element position distribution and spacing.

5. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baseband processing unit configures the control parameters according to the preset scenario requirements, including: The baseband processing unit uses optimization algorithms to determine the beam weights for beamforming, select the activated array elements, and the physical spacing parameters between the array elements.

6. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The baseband processing unit uses an optimization algorithm to determine beam weights for beamforming, select activated array elements, and physical spacing parameters between array elements, including: The baseband processing unit maximizes the angular resolution based on the maximum coverage distance and angle distribution of the environmental detection results, the full array distribution and the transmit power of a single power amplifier, while satisfying the link budget threshold constraint of the maximum coverage distance, to output the set of activated array elements, the physical spacing between array elements and the set of beam weights.

7. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baseband processing unit recovers the array element air interface channel by using a channel reconstruction algorithm according to the received scanned antenna synthesis signal and the beam weight set of the multi-beam polling scan, including: The baseband processing unit receives a scanned antenna synthesis signal transmitted back by the active antenna unit through a fronthaul interface, wherein the scanned antenna synthesis signal includes a polling multi-beam polling scanning signal synthesized by a plurality of array elements, wherein the synthesized multi-beam polling scanning signal means that when the active antenna unit performs multi-beam polling scanning, different array element combinations are activated at different time points, and beam forming is performed on corresponding array elements using beam weights in the control parameters; The baseband processing unit uses a compressed sensing algorithm or a matrix completion extrapolation algorithm to recover the air interface channel on the array element from the received scanned signal.

8. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The baseband processing unit uses a compressed sensing algorithm or a matrix completion extrapolation algorithm to recover the air interface channel on the array element from the received scanned signal, including: The baseband processing unit completes channel reconstruction and outputs reconstructed channel estimation according to the input activated array element set, activated array element spacing, beam weight set and each beam polling received signal.

9. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baseband processing unit further comprises the step of configuring the control parameters according to the preset scenario requirements: The orthogonality and separation of array elements are achieved by controlling the activation and shutdown states of the transmitting or receiving array in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and the beam weights are combined with time-division scanning to equivalently realize the virtual aperture under the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array; the beam weights are used to assign different weights to each array element, so that the array elements can send orthogonal signals during scanning; and the time-division scanning is to activate different array element combinations at different time points, so that in each time slot, the array elements can be separated and send or receive their own signals.

10. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of configuring the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters further includes: Determining a time slot allocation scheme for communication and sensing, including configuring the array to operate in a first spacing array transceiver mode in a communication time slot; switching the array configuration to a second spacing array transceiver mode in a sensing time slot, wherein the spacing of the first spacing array is smaller than the spacing of the second spacing array; Controlling the activation and deactivation states of the transmitting or receiving array according to whether the time slot type is communication or sensing, including activating the array portion used for communication in the communication time slot; and activating the array portion used for sensing in the sensing time slot; so as to transmit and receive communication signals in the communication time slot, and transmit and receive sensing signals in the sensing time slot; Communication and perception are achieved by alternately using arrays of different layouts, sending and receiving signals according to their respective arrays, and realizing a virtual aperture array form in the perception time slot.

11. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting array in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array adopts the second spacing array, while the receiving array adopts the first spacing array; or different numbers of activated array elements are used; or array elements are arranged at different positions.

12. The synaesthesia integrated array beam management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes configuring a key field of the fronthaul interface, wherein the key field includes any one of the following or a combination thereof: Array element status mask field: used to indicate the activation or deactivation status information of the array element; Beam weight field: used to indicate the beam weight information on the activated array element; Beam polling mode: used to indicate the beam polling order, including the order of beam scanning and the number of scans; Array element spacing field: used to indicate the physical spacing information between activated array elements.

13. A synaesthesia integrated array beam management device, characterized in that: Applied to a base station, the base station includes a baseband processing unit, an active antenna unit and a fronthaul interface therebetween, wherein the active antenna unit includes a digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, and the device includes: A control parameter generation module, in which the baseband processing unit configures control parameters according to preset scenario requirements, the control parameters including the activation state of the array elements in the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array, the physical spacing parameters between the activated array elements, and the beam weight set used to adjust the signal phase and amplitude to form the required beam direction and shape; The antenna array scheduling module configures the digital-analog hybrid beamforming antenna array according to the control parameters received from the baseband processing unit by the active antenna unit through the fronthaul interface, including performing multi-beam polling scanning on the antenna array using the configured beam weight set to activate different array element combinations, and after completing the multi-beam polling scanning, transmitting the scanned antenna synthesis signal back to the baseband processing unit through the fronthaul interface; The angle estimation module is a module in which a baseband processing unit uses a channel reconstruction algorithm to restore an array element air interface channel according to a received scanned antenna synthesis signal in combination with a beam weight set of a multi-beam polling scan, and based on the restored array element air interface channel, generates a virtual space array steering vector by convolution of a transmitting and receiving joint array steering vector, and estimates the angle of a target on the restored array element air interface channel according to the virtual space array steering vector to determine the direction of the target in space; the module includes: Controlling activation and deactivation of the antenna array by weights, including controlling activation or deactivation of each element of the antenna array by a weight; At the receiving end, the baseband processing unit restores the receiving channel according to the received signal and the corresponding beam weight, including the receiving channel being calculated by a preset function on the received signal and the corresponding beam weight.

14. A base station, characterized in that: The base station is used to execute the synaesthesia integrated array beam management method as described in any one of claims 1-12.

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