Solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor, which comprises a feeding unit, a reaction unit and a storage unit; the feeding unit is connected with the reaction unit to provide energy storage materials to the reaction unit; the storage unit is connected with the reaction unit to receive and store the reacted energy storage materials; the energy storage materials are calcium carbonate; the reaction unit comprises a reaction cavity, and the bottom plate of the reaction cavity is divided into a front bottom plate area, a middle bottom plate area and a rear bottom plate area according to the length proportion along the material moving direction; the front bottom plate area is in a concave curved surface shape, the rear bottom plate area is in a convex curved surface shape, and the middle bottom plate area is in an inclined shape, which is smoothly connected with the front bottom plate area and the rear bottom plate area; and a quartz window is arranged above the middle bottom plate area of the reaction cavity. The application can realize the full reaction of the energy storage materials, and can realize the separation of the fully reacted materials and the insufficiently reacted materials; the insufficiently reacted materials can be reacted again, so that the energy storage materials can be fully utilized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of solar thermochemical energy storage, and particularly relates to a solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The thermal energy storage mode of concentrated solar energy includes latent heat energy storage, sensible heat energy storage and thermochemical energy storage. Compared with latent heat and sensible heat energy storage, the thermochemical energy storage system has the advantages of higher energy storage density due to high reaction enthalpy, suitable for large-scale application, and long storage time and long distance transmission at ambient temperature.

[0003] Thermochemical energy storage uses reversible endothermic and exothermic reactions for energy storage and release, achieving energy storage. The energy storage materials of thermochemical energy storage include metal oxides, sulfates, carbonates and hydroxides, among which CaCO3 / CaO has the advantages of low cost, high energy storage density and high reaction temperature, and becomes the most promising thermochemical energy storage material.

[0004] In the process of solar energy storage, calcium carbonate absorbs heat provided by solar energy to complete decomposition to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, and the energy is stored in calcium oxide, wherein the design of the reactor is crucial to the energy storage process. However, the current reactors used in thermochemical energy storage still have problems such as poor flow effect of energy-carrying particles and insufficient reaction, which will seriously affect the solar photo-thermal conversion efficiency and the utilization efficiency of energy storage materials. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor, which solves the problems of poor flow effect and insufficient reaction.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0007] A solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor, comprising a feeding unit, a reaction unit and a storage unit; the feeding unit is connected to the reaction unit to provide energy storage materials thereto; the storage unit is connected to the reaction unit to receive and store the reacted energy storage materials; the energy storage material is calcium carbonate;

[0008] The reaction unit comprises a reaction cavity, and the bottom plate of the reaction cavity is divided into a front bottom plate region, a middle bottom plate region and a rear bottom plate region according to the length ratio along the material moving direction; the front bottom plate region is a concave curved surface, the rear bottom plate region is a convex curved surface, and the middle bottom plate region is an inclined shape, smoothly connecting the front bottom plate region and the rear bottom plate region; a quartz window is arranged above the middle bottom plate region of the reaction cavity;

[0009] The feeding port of the reaction cavity is arranged at the initial position of the front area of the bottom plate, and the gas outlet is arranged near the feeding port; the discharging port is arranged at the terminal position of the rear area of the bottom plate, and the gas inlet is arranged near the discharging port.

[0010] In one embodiment, the direction of the material movement is defined as the length direction, and the horizontal length of the front area and the rear area of the bottom plate is respectively one quarter of the total length of the bottom plate, and the horizontal length of the middle area of the bottom plate is one half of the total length of the bottom plate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the horizontal width of the front area of the bottom plate gradually increases from the initial position to the terminal position; the horizontal width of the middle area of the bottom plate gradually increases first and then gradually decreases from the initial position to the terminal position; and the horizontal width of the rear area of the bottom plate gradually decreases from the initial position to the terminal position.

[0012] In one embodiment, the curvature of the front area of the bottom plate is steep first and then gentle from the initial position to the terminal position; and the curvature of the rear area of the bottom plate is gentle first and then steep from the initial position to the terminal position.

[0013] In one embodiment, the terminal position of the front area of the bottom plate is provided with a tumbler, the tumbler is a curved three-prism, the front and rear sides are provided with concave curved surfaces, the bottom surface is seamlessly connected with the terminal position of the front area of the bottom plate, and the energy storage material enters the middle area of the bottom plate through the tumbler.

[0014] In one embodiment, the middle area of the bottom plate is provided with hemispherical protruding devices, serpentine vertical plate devices or water-drop-shaped protruding devices, the serpentine vertical plate devices form a curved channel from the initial position to the terminal position, and the tip of the water-drop-shaped protruding device faces the initial position of the middle area of the bottom plate.

[0015] In one embodiment, the horizontal length direction of the middle area of the bottom plate is defined as a column, and the horizontal width direction is defined as a row.

[0016] When the middle area of the bottom plate is provided with the hemispherical protruding devices, the hemispherical protruding devices are arranged in staggered rows, the distance between the middle several columns of hemispherical protruding devices is one half of the distance between the outer two columns of hemispherical protruding devices, and the three hemispherical protruding devices in the outer two rows form an equilateral triangle, forming a dense arrangement in the middle and a sparse arrangement on the two sides.

[0017] When the middle area of the bottom plate is provided with the serpentine vertical plate devices, the two ends of each serpentine vertical plate device are straight vertical plates, and the middle part is a serpentine vertical plate, and the serpentine vertical plate devices are arranged in a dense arrangement in the middle and a sparse arrangement on the two sides in the middle area of the bottom plate; the length of the vertical plate in the dense area is consistent with the length of the middle area of the bottom plate, and the length of the vertical plate in the sparse area is three fourths of the length of the complete vertical plate.

[0018] When the water-drop-shaped protruding devices are arranged on the middle region of the bottom plate, the water-drop-shaped protruding devices are staggered, the distance between the middle several columns of water-drop-shaped protruding devices is two-thirds of the distance between the outer two columns of water-drop-shaped protruding devices, and the three water-drop-shaped protruding devices in the middle several columns form an equilateral triangle, thereby forming a distribution mode of being dense in the middle and sparse on the two sides.

[0019] In one embodiment, the size of the hemispherical device is 1 to 2 times the size of the energy storage material, and the distance between the outer two columns of hemispherical protruding devices in the middle region of the bottom plate is the same as or close to the diameter of the hemispherical protruding device.

[0020] The narrowest region formed by the arrangement of the serpentine vertical plate devices is in the middle and is 5 to 7 times the diameter of the energy storage material, the widest region is on the two sides and is 20 to 30 times the diameter of the energy storage material, the regions therebetween are arranged in an arithmetic progression, and the height of the vertical plate is 5 to 10 times the size of the energy storage material.

[0021] The size of the water-drop-shaped protruding device is 1 to 2 times the size of the energy storage material, and the distance between the middle several columns of water-drop-shaped protruding devices in the middle region of the bottom plate is the same as or close to the size of the water-drop-shaped protruding device.

[0022] In one embodiment, the storage unit includes a first storage bin and a second storage bin, which are connected to the discharge port of the reaction cavity through a first material conveying pipeline and a second material conveying pipeline, respectively, the discharge port is provided with a discharge baffle, the first material conveying pipeline is located on the side of the discharge baffle close to the rear region of the bottom plate, and the second material conveying pipeline is located on the side of the discharge baffle away from the rear region of the bottom plate, so that the material with small mass enters the second storage bin and the material with large mass enters the first storage bin.

[0023] In one embodiment, the gas outlet is connected to a gas storage cylinder, and the gas inlet is connected to the gas cylinder and provided with a gas flow control valve on the connecting pipeline.

[0024] The application also provides a use method of the solar thermal chemical energy storage moving bed reactor, nitrogen is introduced into the reaction cavity through the gas inlet, when the temperature of the reaction cavity reaches the reaction temperature, the energy storage material enters the bottom plate through the feeding port, accelerates in the front region of the bottom plate and is uniformly distributed in the middle region of the bottom plate, sunlight is collected to the middle region of the bottom plate through the quartz window, the temperature rising rate of the middle region of the bottom plate is fast, the energy storage material generates carbon dioxide and calcium oxide through calcination reaction in the middle region of the bottom plate, the calcium oxide and the unreacted calcium carbonate pass through the rear region of the bottom plate, the mass of the two is different, and the calcium oxide and the unreacted calcium carbonate enter the storage unit in the rear region of the bottom plate.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The application takes the endothermic decomposition reaction of calcium carbonate as an example, and designs a moving bed reactor applied to solar thermochemical energy storage. The energy storage material calcium carbonate is converted into calcium oxide through a feeding unit and a reaction unit, and enters a storage bin, thereby completing the process of solar energy storage.

[0027] The reaction cavity is provided with a feeding port and an air outlet at the upper left side, and is provided with a discharging port and an air inlet at the lower right side, so that the gas enters from the lower right and exits from the upper left, the reaction cavity can be completely filled, the material and the gas are in reverse contact, and the gas generated by the decomposition of calcium carbonate is taken away from the reaction cavity by nitrogen and enters a gas storage bottle.

[0028] The bottom plate of the reaction unit is divided into three regions, and the material continuously flows between the three regions, so that the energy storage material is fully reacted.

[0029] The front region of the bottom plate of the reaction unit is in the shape of a circular arc, and a tumbler is arranged at the end of the plate surface, so that the material increases the moving speed and accelerates through the curved tumbler, so that the material is not easy to form a dead zone in front of the tumbler, the effective tumbling of the material is realized, the lower material can also be fully contacted with sunlight, and uniform reaction of the material is realized.

[0030] The middle region of the bottom plate is an inclined plate, the two sides of the plate surface are in the shape of a circular arc, the reaction region is larger, and the middle region of the bottom plate is provided with a hemispherical protruding device, a serpentine vertical plate device or a water drop-shaped protruding device. The hemispherical protruding device is in the shape of an arc line, the material can smoothly bypass the hemispherical protruding device and enter the flow channel; the front end of the serpentine vertical plate device is a straight line type vertical plate connected with the tumbler, the material can directly enter the flow channel after tumbling, the end of the serpentine vertical plate is arranged in an arc line, which is matched with the shape of the middle region of the bottom plate, so that the material can flow into the arc region of the middle region, and uniform distribution of the material in the middle region of the bottom plate is realized; the upper end of the water drop-shaped protruding device is in the shape of a cone, and the lower end is in the shape of a circle, after arrangement, the interval on the inlet side of the flow channel is larger than that on the outlet side, the energy storage material can smoothly enter the flow channel, and flow channel blockage is avoided. The three devices are arranged in a mode of being dense in the middle and sparse on the two sides, so that the material can move to the two sides of the middle region, the two sides of the middle region of the bottom plate are in the shape of a circular arc, so that the area of the plate surface is larger, the material is more uniformly distributed, the flow dead zone is reduced, and full reaction of the material is realized.

[0031] The rear region of the bottom plate is in the shape of a circular arc, the moving speed of the material in the rear region of the bottom plate is accelerated, and due to the centrifugal force and the baffle arranged on the discharging port, the reaction product CaO and the incompletely reacted CaCO3 are separated and fall into different storage bins of the storage unit. The rear region of the bottom plate of the reaction unit and the storage unit realize separation of the fully reacted product CaO and the incompletely reacted reactant CaCO3, the incompletely reacted reactant CaCO3 can be reacted again, and full reaction of the material is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a moving bed reactor structure for solar thermal chemical energy storage of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 A bottom view of the bottom plate of the present application.

[0034] Figure 3 A perspective view of the tumbler.

[0035] Figure 4 A top view of the distribution bottom plate of the convex hemispherical device.

[0036] Figure 5 A top view of the distribution bottom plate of the vertical plate device.

[0037] Figure 6 A top view of the distribution bottom plate of the convex water drop device.

[0038] In the figure, 1 - feed bin; 2 - support; 3 - feed baffle; 4 - gas cylinder; 5 - gas outlet; 6 - quartz window; 7 - cover plate; 8 - reaction cavity; 9 - bottom plate; 10 - gas inlet; 11 - gas flow control valve; 12 - gas cylinder; 13 - left pipeline; 14 - left storage bin; 15 - discharge baffle; 16 - right pipeline; 17 - right storage bin. 91 - tumbler; 92 - front area of the bottom plate; 93 - middle area of the bottom plate; 94 - rear area of the bottom plate; 95 - convex hemispherical device; 96 - vertical plate device; 97 - convex water drop device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , the present application is a solar thermal chemical energy storage moving bed reactor, which comprises a feeding unit, a reaction unit and a storage unit.

[0041] The feeding unit is connected to the reaction unit and provides energy storage materials to the reaction unit. In the present application, the energy storage material is calcium carbonate. The following reactions occur in the reactor:

[0042]

[0043] The feeding unit comprises a feed bin 1, a support 2 and a baffle 3. The feed bin 1 is connected to the reaction cavity 8, the support 2 supports the feed bin 1 to a sufficient height to send the energy storage material from the feed inlet of the reaction cavity 8, and the baffle 3 is used to block the discharge of the feed bin 1.

[0044] The reaction unit is a reaction part of the energy storage material, and in the present application, refers to a reaction of calcium carbonate decomposing into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide by using heat provided by sunlight. The reaction unit includes a reaction cavity 8 having a bottom plate 9, a cover plate 7, and a plurality of side plates. For the convenience of description, the present application defines the material moving direction as the front-rear direction, specifically, the initial end of the material movement is the front, and the terminal end is the rear. From the front to the rear, the bottom plate 9 as a whole is in the shape of a tilt with gradually decreasing height, as shown in Figure 2 Specifically, the bottom plate 9 can be divided into a front bottom plate area 92, a middle bottom plate area 93, and a rear bottom plate area 94 according to the length ratio. The front bottom plate area 92 is in the shape of a concave curve, the rear bottom plate area 94 is in the shape of a convex curve, and the middle bottom plate area 93 is in the shape of a tilt, smoothly connecting the front bottom plate area 92 and the rear bottom plate area 94. Obviously, to realize the flow of the energy storage material on the bottom plate 9, the height of the middle bottom plate area 93 decreases from the front to the rear. A quartz window 6 is arranged on the cover plate 7 directly above the middle bottom plate area 93, and the quartz window 6 is used to allow sunlight to irradiate the middle bottom plate area 93, so as to increase the temperature of the area. The feed inlet of the reaction cavity 8 is arranged at the initial end position of the front bottom plate area 92, and the gas outlet 5 is arranged near the feed inlet. The discharge outlet is arranged at the terminal end position of the rear bottom plate area 94, and the gas inlet 10 is arranged near the discharge outlet.

[0045] The storage unit is connected with the reaction unit, and is used to receive and store the energy storage material after the reaction, including unreacted calcium carbonate and calcium oxide obtained by the reaction.

[0046] According to the above structure, nitrogen is introduced into the reaction cavity 8 through the gas inlet 10, sunlight is gathered to the middle bottom plate area 93 through the quartz window 6, the temperature of the middle bottom plate area 93 increases at a faster rate, when the temperature of the reaction cavity 8 reaches the reaction temperature, the discharge baffle 3 is opened, the energy storage material enters the reaction cavity 8 through the feed inlet and falls on the bottom plate 9, and the energy storage material moves on the bottom plate 9 due to the action of gravity. The energy storage material is accelerated to enter and uniformly distributed in the middle bottom plate area 93 through the front bottom plate area 92, and the calcination reaction mainly occurs in the middle bottom plate area 93 to generate carbon dioxide and calcium oxide. The calcium oxide and the unreacted calcium carbonate are accelerated to move into the storage unit through the rear bottom plate area 94.

[0047] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the feeding port is arranged on the upper part of the left side plate of the reaction cavity 8 and connected with the feeding bin 1, the gas outlet 5 is arranged on the left side of the cover plate 7, the gas outlet 5 is connected with the gas cylinder 4, and the gas in the gas cylinder 4 is nitrogen and carbon dioxide. The discharging port is arranged on the right side of the bottom plate 9 and is a vertical port, the gas inlet 10 is arranged on the lower part of the right side plate, the gas inlet 10 is connected with the gas cylinder 12 through a gas inlet pipeline, a gas flow control valve 11 is arranged on the connecting pipeline, the gas cylinder 12 stores nitrogen, the nitrogen is introduced into the reaction cavity 8 through the gas inlet 10, and the gas flow is controlled through the gas flow control valve 11. The inner wall of the cover plate 7 is coated with a solar reflection coating, which can improve the utilization rate of solar energy. The outer wall of the cover plate 7 can be provided with a solar light absorption device, and the solar light absorption device absorbs sunlight, so that the temperature in the reaction cavity 8 rises rapidly.

[0048] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the direction of the material movement is defined as the length direction, so the horizontal length of the front area 92 of the bottom plate and the horizontal length of the rear area 94 of the bottom plate are each one quarter of the total length of the bottom plate 9, that is, the horizontal length of the middle area 93 of the bottom plate is half of the total length of the bottom plate 9. The side view of the front area 92 of the bottom plate is a concave curved surface, and the top view is a trapezoidal shape, that is, the front end is narrower than the tail end, and the horizontal width of the front area 92 of the bottom plate gradually increases from the beginning to the end. The side view of the middle area 93 of the bottom plate is a sloping plate with a gradually decreasing height, and the horizontal width of the middle area 93 of the bottom plate gradually increases first and then decreases from the beginning to the end, which appears as the same width of the front end and the tail end in the top view, and the width is the same as that of the tail end of the front area 92 of the bottom plate and the front end of the rear area 94 of the bottom plate, and the two sides are circular arc convex curves, that is, the arc transition. The side view of the rear area 94 of the bottom plate is a convex curved surface, and the top view is a trapezoidal shape with the same shape as the top view of the front area 92 of the bottom plate, that is, the horizontal width of the rear area 94 of the bottom plate gradually decreases from the beginning to the end. The three areas are smoothly connected.

[0049] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the curvature of the front area 92 of the bottom plate is steep first and then gentle, which can make the energy storage material quickly enter the middle area 93 of the bottom plate; the curvature of the rear area 94 of the bottom plate is gentle first and then steep, which can make the material quickly enter the storage unit.

[0050] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, the tail end of the front area 92 of the bottom plate is provided with a tumbling device 91, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 The tumbling device 91 is a curved three-prism, the front and back sides are arranged as concave curved surfaces, the bottom surface is seamlessly connected with the tail end of the front area 92 of the bottom plate, the tumbling device 91 crosses the bottom plate 9 and has the same width as the tail end of the front area 92 of the bottom plate. When the energy storage material is accelerated to enter the middle area 93 of the bottom plate from the front area 92 of the bottom plate, it passes through the tumbling device 91, the bottom layer material is tumbled to the upper layer, the energy storage material and the sunlight are fully contacted, and the reaction is more sufficient.

[0051] The present application designs three kinds of flow channel arrangement ways on the middle area 93 of the bottom plate:

[0052] Method 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, hemispherical protrusions 95 are provided on the central area 93 of the base plate. The horizontal length of the central area 93 is defined as a column, and the horizontal width as a row. The hemispherical protrusions 95 are arranged in a staggered pattern. The distance between the middle columns (four columns in this embodiment) of hemispherical protrusions 95 is half the distance between the outer two columns. The three hemispherical protrusions 95 between the two rows of the outer two columns form an equilateral triangle, creating a dense arrangement in the middle and sparse arrangement on the sides. The size of the hemispherical device 95 is related to the diameter of the energy storage material, and is 1 to 2 times the size of the energy storage material. The distance between the outer two columns of hemispherical protrusions 95 is the same as or similar to the diameter of the hemispherical protrusions 95.

[0053] Method 2, such as Figure 5 As shown, a serpentine vertical plate device 96 is installed on the central area 93 of the base plate, forming a curved channel from the beginning to the end. Along the material movement direction, the two ends of each serpentine vertical plate device 96 are straight vertical plates, and the middle is a serpentine vertical plate. The serpentine vertical plate devices 96 are arranged in a dense middle and sparse side arrangement in the central area 93 of the base plate. The narrowest area formed by the arrangement of the serpentine vertical plate devices 96 is in the middle, which is 5 to 7 times the diameter of the energy storage material, and the widest area is on both sides, which is 20 to 30 times the diameter of the energy storage material. The width of the areas in between is arranged in an arithmetic progression. The length of the vertical plate in the dense area is the same as the length of the central area 93 of the base plate, and the length of the vertical plate in the sparse area is three-quarters of the length of the complete vertical plate. The height of the vertical plate is 5 to 10 times the size of the energy storage material (in this embodiment, it refers to the particle size).

[0054] Method 3, such as Figure 6 As shown, teardrop-shaped protrusions 97 are provided on the central area 93 of the base plate. The top view of each teardrop-shaped protrusion 97 shows a teardrop shape with its tip pointing towards the beginning of the central area 93. The teardrop-shaped protrusions 97 are arranged in a staggered pattern on the central area 93. The distance between the middle rows (two rows in this embodiment) of teardrop-shaped protrusions 97 is two-thirds the distance between the outer two rows. The three teardrop-shaped protrusions 97 in the two rows of the middle rows form an equilateral triangle, creating a dense arrangement in the middle and sparse arrangement on the sides. The size of the teardrop-shaped protrusions 97 is related to the size of the energy storage material, being 1 to 2 times the size of the energy storage material. The distance between the middle rows of teardrop-shaped protrusions 97 in the central area 93 of the base plate is the same as or similar to the size of the teardrop-shaped protrusions 97.

[0055] The above-mentioned semispherical protrusion device 95, the serpentine vertical plate device 96 and the water droplet-shaped protrusion device 97 form flow channels on the middle area 93 of the bottom plate for the flow of the material. The energy storage material enters the reactor rear area 94 through the flow channel formed by the semispherical protrusion device 95, the flow channel formed by the serpentine vertical plate device 96 or the flow channel formed by the water droplet-shaped protrusion device 97, and moves through the flow channel, which can be more fully reacted.

[0056] Further, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The storage unit includes a first storage bin 14 and a second storage bin 17, which are connected to the discharge port of the reaction cavity 8 through the first material conveying pipeline 13 and the second material conveying pipeline 16, respectively. A discharge baffle 15 is arranged at the discharge port. The first material conveying pipeline 13 is located on the side of the discharge baffle 15 close to the rear area 94 of the bottom plate, which is the left side in the embodiment. The second material conveying pipeline 13 is located on the side of the discharge baffle 15 away from the rear area 94 of the bottom plate, which is the right side in the embodiment. Because the particles of the energy storage material calcium carbonate and the reaction product calcium oxide are different in mass, and the surface of the rear area 94 of the bottom plate is smooth, the moving speed of the energy storage material in the rear area 94 of the bottom plate is accelerated. Due to the centrifugal force and the effect of the baffle 15, the calcium oxide with small mass separates from the bottom plate 9 and enters the second storage bin 17 which is farther away. The calcium carbonate with large mass which has not been completely reacted enters the first storage bin 14 which is closer, thereby realizing the automatic separation of the post-reaction material and the pre-reaction material. The calcium carbonate which has not been completely reacted in the first storage bin 14 can be subjected to secondary reaction to realize complete reaction. For example, the diameters of the two pipelines are consistent, and the sizes of the two storage bins are consistent.

[0057] Based on the combination of the double storage bins and the structure in the foregoing embodiments, the complete method of the present application can be further described as follows:

[0058] When starting, nitrogen is first introduced to exhaust the air in the reactor. The specific operation method is to open the gas cylinder 12, control the flow of nitrogen through the gas flow control valve 11, and after opening for a period of time, measure the temperature of the reaction cavity 8, and wait for the temperature of the reaction cavity 8 to stabilize at about 800℃ to ensure that the temperature in the reactor reaches the reaction temperature.

[0059] When the temperature of the reaction cavity 8 is stabilized at about 800℃, the energy storage reaction is started, the feeding baffle 3 is opened, the energy storage material CaCO3 enters the bottom plate 9 of the reaction unit, when passing through the front area 92 of the bottom plate, the moving speed of the energy storage material is accelerated, and the energy storage material flows through the tumbling device 91 at high speed. After the energy storage material CaCO3 passes through the tumbling device 91, it enters the middle area 93 of the bottom plate, and the energy storage material CaCO3 is uniformly distributed in the middle area 93 of the bottom plate through the flow channel arranged in the middle area 93 of the bottom plate. On the bottom plate, the CaCO3 generates calcination reaction to generate CaO and CO2, and the products CaO and the unreacted CaCO3 enter the rear area 94 of the bottom plate through the flow channel, and due to the centrifugal force and the action of the discharging baffle 15, the CaO with small mass is separated from the bottom plate 9 and moves to the right side of the discharging baffle 15 to enter the second storage bin 17, and the CaCO3 with large mass moves along the wall to enter the first storage bin 14, so that the fully reacted material and the unreacted material are separated, and the unreacted material can be subjected to secondary reaction. The energy storage material completes the energy storage reaction through the three areas of the reaction unit.

[0060] The present application changes the shape of the moving bed bottom plate 9, controls the moving speed of the energy storage material in the moving bed, so that the energy storage material can quickly pass through the tumbling device 91 to realize the tumbling of the material; by increasing the area of the middle area of the bottom plate and increasing the flow channel distribution in the middle area of the bottom plate, the residence time of the energy storage material in the direct sunlight area is increased, and by arranging the flow channel in the middle to be dense and the two sides to be sparse, the energy storage material can be uniformly distributed in the middle area of the bottom plate, so that the material stays in the direct sunlight area for the longest time; through the structural design of the rear area of the moving bed and the storage unit, the unreacted material and the fully reacted material are separated. The present application can make the energy storage material fully react, improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy and the conversion rate of energy storage reaction.

Claims

1. A solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor, characterized in that, The application relates to a device for producing energy storage material, which comprises a feeding unit, a reaction unit and a storage unit; the feeding unit is connected to the reaction unit to provide energy storage material; the storage unit is connected to the reaction unit to receive and store the reacted energy storage material; the energy storage material is calcium carbonate; The reaction unit comprises a reaction cavity (8), the bottom plate (9) of the reaction cavity (8) is divided into a front bottom plate area (92), a middle bottom plate area (93) and a rear bottom plate area (94) according to the length proportion along the material moving direction; the front bottom plate area (92) is in a concave curved surface shape, the rear bottom plate area (94) is in a convex curved surface shape, and the middle bottom plate area (93) is in an inclined shape and is smoothly connected with the front bottom plate area (92) and the rear bottom plate area (94); the middle bottom plate area (93) is provided with a hemispherical protruding device (95), a serpentine vertical plate device (96) or a water drop-shaped protruding device (97); the serpentine vertical plate device (96) forms a curved channel from the beginning end to the end; the tip of the water drop-shaped protruding device (97) is towards the beginning end of the middle bottom plate area (93); the reaction cavity (8) is provided with a quartz window (6) above the middle bottom plate area (93); The feeding port of the reaction cavity (8) is arranged at the beginning end position of the front bottom plate area (92), and a gas outlet (5) is arranged near the feeding port; the discharging port is arranged at the end position of the rear bottom plate area (94), and a gas inlet (10) is arranged near the discharging port.

2. The solar thermo-chemical energy storage moving bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direction of material movement is defined as the length direction, the horizontal length of the front bottom plate area (92) and the rear bottom plate area (94) is respectively one fourth of the total length of the bottom plate (9), and the horizontal length of the middle bottom plate area (93) is half of the total length of the bottom plate (9).

3. The solar thermo-chemical energy storage moving bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein, The horizontal width of the front bottom plate area (92) gradually increases from the beginning end to the end; the horizontal width of the middle bottom plate area (93) gradually increases first and then gradually decreases from the beginning end to the end; and the horizontal width of the rear bottom plate area (94) gradually decreases from the beginning end to the end.

4. The solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein, From the beginning end to the end, the curvature of the front bottom plate area (92) is steep first and then gentle; and the curvature of the rear bottom plate area (94) is gentle first and then steep.

5. The solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein, The end of the front bottom plate area (92) is provided with a tumbling device (91), the tumbling device (91) is a curved surface triangular prism, the front and back sides are provided with concave curved surfaces, the bottom surface is seamlessly connected with the end of the front bottom plate area (92), and the energy storage material enters the middle bottom plate area (93) through the tumbling device (91) from the front bottom plate area (92).

6. The solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor of claim 1, wherein, The horizontal length direction of the middle bottom plate area (93) is defined as the column, and the horizontal width direction is defined as the row; When the middle bottom plate area (93) is provided with the hemispherical protruding device (95), the hemispherical protruding devices (95) are arranged in staggered rows, the distance between the middle several rows of hemispherical protruding devices (95) is one half of the distance between the outer two rows of hemispherical protruding devices (95), and the three hemispherical protruding devices (95) between the outer two rows of rows form an equilateral triangle, forming a dense arrangement in the middle and a sparse arrangement on both sides. When the serpentine vertical plate device (96) is arranged on the middle area (93) of the bottom plate, the two ends of each serpentine vertical plate device (96) are linear vertical plates, and the middle is a serpentine vertical plate. The serpentine vertical plate device (96) is arranged in a mode of being dense in the middle and sparse on the two sides in the middle area (93) of the bottom plate. The length of the vertical plate in the dense area is consistent with the length of the middle area (93) of the bottom plate, and the length of the vertical plate in the sparse area is three-fourths of the length of the complete vertical plate. When the water-drop-shaped protruding device (97) is arranged on the middle area (93) of the bottom plate, the water-drop-shaped protruding devices (97) are arranged in staggered rows. The distance between the middle several rows of water-drop-shaped protruding devices (97) is two-thirds of the distance between the two outer rows of water-drop-shaped protruding devices (97). The three water-drop-shaped protruding devices (97) in the middle several rows form an equilateral triangle, forming a mode of being dense in the middle and sparse on the two sides.

7. The solar thermo-chemical energy storage moving bed reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The size of the semispherical protruding device (95) is 1 to 2 times the size of the energy storage material. The distance between the two outer rows of semispherical protruding devices (95) in the middle area (93) of the bottom plate is the same as or close to the diameter of the semispherical protruding device (95). The narrowest area formed by the arrangement of the serpentine vertical plate device (96) is in the middle, which is 5 to 7 times the diameter of the energy storage material. The widest area is on the two sides, which is 20 to 30 times the diameter of the energy storage material. The areas between them are arranged in an arithmetic sequence. The height of the vertical plate is 5 to 10 times the size of the energy storage material. The size of the water-drop-shaped protruding device (97) is 1 to 2 times the size of the energy storage material. The distance between the middle several rows of water-drop-shaped protruding devices (97) in the middle area (93) of the bottom plate is the same as or close to the size of the water-drop-shaped protruding device (97).

8. The solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein, The storage unit includes a first storage bin (14) and a second storage bin (17), which are connected to the discharge port of the reaction cavity through the first material conveying pipeline (13) and the second material conveying pipeline (16) respectively. The discharge port is provided with a discharge baffle (15). The first material conveying pipeline (13) is located on the side of the discharge baffle (15) close to the rear area (94) of the bottom plate. The second material conveying pipeline (16) is located on the side of the discharge baffle (15) away from the rear area (94) of the bottom plate, so that the material with small quality enters the second storage bin (17) and the material with large quality enters the first storage bin (14).

9. A method of using a solar thermochemical energy storage moving bed reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Nitrogen is introduced into the reaction cavity (8) through the gas inlet (10). When the temperature of the reaction cavity (8) reaches the reaction temperature, the energy storage material enters the bottom plate (9) through the feeding port, accelerates through the front area (92) of the bottom plate, and is uniformly distributed in the middle area (93) of the bottom plate. Sunlight is collected to the middle area (93) of the bottom plate through the quartz window (6). The energy storage material in the middle area (93) of the bottom plate undergoes calcination reaction to generate carbon dioxide and calcium oxide. The calcium oxide and the unreacted calcium carbonate enter the storage unit through the rear area (94) of the bottom plate respectively.

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