A heat exchanger and method including dynamic passive turbulence structures

Abstract

The application discloses a heat exchanger and method comprising dynamic passive disturbance structure, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers. The heat exchanger comprises a flow distribution structure, a flow collection structure, a fluid channel and a channel shell. The fluid channel comprises a dynamic passive disturbance structure, and the dynamic passive disturbance structure comprises a rotating fin, a fixed support and a bolt. The rotating fin can rotate freely, and through cooperation of the rotating fin, the fixed support and the bolt, the rotating fin can periodically rotate under the action of working fluid to cause a disturbance phenomenon, so that cold and hot fluids are mixed to strengthen heat transfer. The application can provide a solution to the problem of limited heat transfer efficiency of passive heat transfer strengthening methods adopting fixed structures, and can achieve an effect similar to that of active heat transfer strengthening methods without incurring additional energy consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and particularly relates to a heat exchanger comprising dynamic passive disturbance structures and a method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of people's living standards, energy problems are increasingly prominent, and enhanced heat transfer can improve heat exchange efficiency, which is a key technology to improve energy utilization efficiency, and is widely used in chip thermal management, new energy vehicle thermal management, heating, ventilation, air conditioning and phase change heat storage fields. At present, most of the methods for enhancing heat transfer mainly rely on passive methods, which do not require other additional components and have lower operating costs. Common methods include adding fixed disturbance elements such as fins, porous materials and spiral strips inside the heat exchanger channel, or deforming the structure of the heat exchange channel or heat exchange pipe inside the heat exchanger, such as adding pits, sudden contraction-sudden expansion and protrusions. The ultimate goal of all these methods is to enhance fluid mixing, destroy the boundary layer or increase the local Reynolds number to enhance heat transfer, and some designs can also reduce flow resistance. Traditional heat exchangers are generally composed of tube bundles and shells, and for fluid media with low thermal conductivity, the operating efficiency is not high, and it cannot fully meet the growing energy efficiency requirements.

[0003] In summary, passive heat transfer enhancement methods need more efficient new designs, and by learning from some active heat transfer enhancement methods, the movement of the solid structure driven by the flow can be achieved by means of the moving parts in the heat exchanger, and the fluid disturbance caused by the movement of the solid structure can be achieved. Finally, a better heat transfer enhancement effect can be achieved in the new heat exchanger. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a heat exchanger comprising dynamic passive disturbance structures and a method, which can improve the heat transfer efficiency in micro-channel heat exchangers and other heat exchangers.

[0005] The specific technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a heat exchanger comprising dynamic passive disturbance structures, comprising a flow dividing structure, a flow collecting structure, a fluid channel, and a channel shell. A plurality of raised channel shells are arranged in parallel and at intervals on a single layer of the heat exchanger, and the area between adjacent channel shells constitutes a fluid channel. One end of the fluid channel is provided with a flow dividing structure, and the other end is provided with a flow collecting structure. The heat exchanger further comprises a plurality of dynamic passive disturbance structures arranged in the fluid channel.

[0007] The dynamic passive spoiler structure comprises a rotating fin, a fixed support and a pin, the rotating fin comprises a head and a tail; the head is a circular structure, a pin hole is formed in the center, and the pin is inserted through the pin hole to hinge and fix the rotating fin on the fluid channel; the tail is coaxially connected with the head in an integral manner, and the width gradually narrows along the fluid flow direction; the connecting part of the tail and the head is symmetrically provided with a protruding structure for limiting on both sides; the fixed support is fixed in the fluid channel and is an arc-shaped structure, a through slot is formed in the inner part along the arc length direction, and the arc length of the fixed support is smaller than the arc length of the head between the two protruding structures; the head between the two protruding structures is inserted into the slot of the fixed support, so that the rotating fin can rotate around the pin under the limiting of the protruding structures and the fixed support.

[0008] The rotating fin is arranged on one side of the center line of the fluid channel; when the rotating fin is in the first limit position, the axial direction of the rotating fin is parallel to the axial direction of the fluid channel; when the rotating fin is in the second limit position, the tail end of the rotating fin abuts against the side wall adjacent to the fluid channel.

[0009] Preferably, the edge shape of the head is matched with the inner edge shape of the slot of the fixed support, and the distance from the center of the pin hole to the edge of the head is equal to the distance from the center of the pin to the inner edge of the slot of the fixed support.

[0010] Preferably, the head can rotate in the slot of the fixed support without interfering with the inner wall of the slot.

[0011] Preferably, the protruding structure is a pointed protrusion, and the distance from the center of the pin hole to the top end of the protrusion is equal to the distance from the center of the pin to the outer edge of the fixed support.

[0012] Preferably, the dynamic passive spoiler structures in a single fluid channel are alternately arranged on both sides of the center line of the fluid channel along the fluid flow direction.

[0013] In a second aspect, the application provides a spoiler method for the heat exchanger comprising the dynamic passive spoiler structure according to any one of the first aspect, and the method is specifically as follows:

[0014] Several dynamic passive flow disturbance structures are installed in the fluid channel in the axial direction, target fluid is introduced into the heat exchanger, and the target fluid is uniformly distributed into each fluid channel of each sheet layer under the action of the flow distribution structure; when the rotating fin approaches or is at the first limit position under the action of the target fluid, the fluid flow rate between the rotating fin and the side wall adjacent to one side of the fluid channel is greater than that of the other side, and the fluid pressure of the one side is less than that of the other side, and the pressure difference between the two sides of the rotating fin forms an unbalanced moment M and pushes the rotating fin to rotate to the second limit position; when the rotating fin approaches or is at the second limit position under the action of the target fluid, the tail end of the rotating fin abuts against the side wall adjacent to one side of the fluid channel and produces a greater hindering effect on the fluid flow, and the fluid flow rate of the one side is lower than that of the other side and the pressure is greater than that of the other side, and the pressure difference between the two sides of the rotating fin forms an unbalanced reverse moment M' and pushes the rotating fin to rotate to the first limit position; during the dynamic rotation of the rotating fin at the first limit position and the second limit position, the angle changes periodically and causes flow disturbance, so that the purpose of heat transfer enhancement is achieved.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) Through the periodic flow disturbance effect, the cold and hot fluids can be mixed, the local flow rate can be improved, and more vortexes can be generated, so that the heat transfer can be enhanced, and the phenomenon of low local heat transfer effect can be eliminated;

[0017] (2) The present application can achieve an effect similar to active heat transfer enhancement, and generally, the effect is stronger than that of passive heat transfer enhancement method relying on fixed structure, and the driving force of the dynamic component of the present application comes from the fluid itself, so that additional energy consumption is not needed;

[0018] (3) The flow resistance can be reduced through the shape design of the dynamic fin, and the overall efficiency is further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall shape of the heat exchanger comprising the dynamic passive flow disturbance structure;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sheet layer unit of the heat exchanger comprising the dynamic passive flow disturbance structure;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic passive flow disturbance structure;

[0022] Figure 4 is a fluid-structure coupling principle diagram of the rotating fin of the dynamic passive flow disturbance structure when the rotating fin is at the first limit position;

[0023] Figure 5 is a fluid-structure coupling principle diagram of the rotating fin of the dynamic passive flow disturbance structure when the rotating fin is at the second limit position;

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of the heat exchanger;

[0025] The reference signs in the drawings are: flow distribution structure 1, flow collection structure 2, fluid channel 3, channel housing 4, dynamic passive turbulence structure 5, rotating fin 6, fixed support 7, latch 8, first limit position 9, second limit position 10, head 61, tail 62, pin hole 63, protrusion structure 64, heat exchange fluid channel 3', heat exchange channel housing 4', M is the torque of the rotating fin when it is in the first limit position, M' is the reverse torque of the rotating fin when it is in the second limit position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail, the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, the role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part with figures, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical scheme of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application; if there is a reference to "first, second" etc. ordinal words are only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0028] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be understood broadly, and the person skilled in the art can determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme.

[0029] The present application provides a heat exchanger comprising a dynamic passive turbulence structure, which comprises the flow distribution structure 1, flow collection structure 2, fluid channel 3 and channel housing 4 commonly seen in the prior art, as shown in Figure 1As shown. Among them, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of stacked single layers, a plurality of convex channel housings 4 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on each single layer, and the area between adjacent channel housings 4 constitutes a fluid channel 3. One end of the fluid channel 3 is provided with a flow dividing structure 1, and the other end is provided with a flow collecting structure 2. The flow dividing structure 1 plays a role in uniformly dispersing the fluid working medium in the plurality of fluid channels 3, and the flow collecting structure 2 plays a role in converging the fluid working medium from the plurality of fluid channels 3. The channel housing 4 contains the fluid channel 3 and forms the support structure of the heat exchanger.

[0030] The innovation of the present application is that, in addition to the component arrangement in the above-mentioned prior art, a dynamic passive turbulence structure 5 is also included. The dynamic passive turbulence structure 5 is generally arranged in the fluid channel 3, and multiple can be arranged as needed, such as Figure 2 and 6 As shown.

[0031] It should be noted that the present application improves the internal structure of the heat exchanger, and the other components and basic forms of the heat exchanger can refer to the related technical structure of the existing heat exchanger, which can be completely replaced by a structure that can achieve the same function. The present application does not limit it, and the skilled person can apply it to all types of heat exchanger structures according to the technical solution of the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that the functions that the heat exchanger structure should achieve mainly include: (A) absorbing heat from a solid body or a surface heat source and transporting it to the outside space through a fluid; or (B) exchanging heat between two or more fluids. As shown, Figure 1 The heat exchanger design mainly considers to realize function (B). The flow dividing structure 1 and the flow collecting structure 2 have not completely shown the internal structure, in order to better show the internal structure of the heat exchanger, Figure 1 The flow dividing structure 1 in is only shown half of the structure. The flow dividing structure and the flow collecting structure have little effect on the core content of the present application, but it is still necessary to try to ensure the uniform flow distribution characteristics of each channel to maximize the effectiveness of the dynamic passive turbulence structure.

[0033] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The present application provides a heat exchanger sheet layer unit schematic diagram containing a dynamic passive turbulence structure.

[0034] It should be noted that the heat exchange fluid channel 3' and the heat exchange channel housing 4' are only components of the heat exchanger in the current heat exchanger form, and the purpose is to realize the heat exchange between two fluids. The dynamic passive turbulence structure can play a greater role in fluids with high viscosity, so whether to add a dynamic passive turbulence structure should be considered according to the fluid viscosity. Generally, if the heat exchanger is used for water-water heat exchange, dynamic passive turbulence structures can be added to both the fluid channel 3 and the heat exchange fluid channel 3'.

[0035] It should be noted that the fluid passage 3, the passage housing 4, the heat exchange fluid passage 3' and the heat exchange passage housing 4' shown in Figure 2 are only a typical design. If the function (A) mentioned above is to be achieved, the heat exchanger structure needs to be adjusted, and the heat exchange fluid passage 3' and the heat exchange passage housing 4' are cancelled.

[0036] It should be noted that the fluid passage 3 needs to maintain a multi-parallel channel structure, which is designed to ensure that the heat exchanger can achieve the requirements of the present application, including the periodic change of dynamic stress of the dynamic passive disturbance structure 5, the determination of the first limit position 9 and the second limit position 10. The structure of the heat exchange fluid passage 3' is not unique.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3 , the enlarged schematic view of the dynamic passive disturbance structure 5 is shown in Figure 3 . Figure 3 The dynamic passive disturbance structure 5 shown is only one of the typical designs, and the core of its structure design is that the inner side edge of the fixed support 7 cooperates with the edge of the head 61 to achieve the continuous circumferential rotation of the rotating fin 6 in the plane of the fluid passage 3; the fixed support 7 and the protruding structure 64 can make the rotating fin 6 be between the first limit position 9 and the second limit position 10 during rotation.

[0038] It should be noted that the shape of the outer edge of the fixed support 7 can be changed. Under the premise of maintaining the above-mentioned function, the shape of the rotating fin 6 can be changed.

[0039] The setting structure and layout method of the dynamic passive disturbance structure 5 will be described in detail below.

[0040] In the present application, as shown in Figure 3 , the dynamic passive disturbance structure 5 mainly includes a rotating fin 6, a fixed support 7 and a pin 8, and the rotating fin 6 includes a head 61 and a tail 62. The head 61 is a circular structure, a pin hole 63 is provided in the center, and the pin 8 is inserted through the pin hole 63 to hinge and fix the rotating fin 6 on the fluid passage 3. The tail 62 is coaxially connected with the head 61 in an integral manner, and the width of the tail 62 gradually narrows along the fluid flow direction. The protruding structure 64 is symmetrically provided on both sides of the connection between the tail 62 and the head 61, and the protruding structure 64 can realize the limiting of the rotation of the rotating fin 6 together with the fixed support 7. The fixed support 7 is fixed in the fluid passage 3 and is an arc-shaped structure. A through slot is provided in the fixed support 7 along the arc length direction, and the arc length of the fixed support 7 is smaller than the arc length of the head 61 between the two protruding structures 64, so that the rotating fin 6 can rotate within the slot by a certain angle. The head 61 between the two protruding structures 64 is inserted into the slot of the fixed support 7, so that the rotating fin 6 can rotate around the pin 8 under the limiting of the two protruding structures 64 and the fixed support 7.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the edge shape of the head 61 matches the inner edge shape of the slot hole of the fixed support 7, and the distance from the center of the pin hole 63 to the edge of the head 61 is equal to the distance from the center of the pin 8 to the inner edge of the slot hole of the fixed support 7. The head 61 can rotate in the slot hole of the fixed support 7 without interfering with the inner wall of the slot hole. The protruding structure 64 is a pointed protrusion, and the distance from the center of the pin hole 63 to the top of the protrusion is equal to the distance from the center of the pin 8 to the outer edge of the fixed support 7.

[0042] In the present application, as shown in Figure 5 and 6 , the rotating fin 6 should be arranged on one side of the center line of the fluid passage 3, i.e., offset arrangement, to ensure that there is a pressure difference on both sides of the rotating fin 6 in the fluid flow process, which forms a torque on the rotating fin 6 to drive the rotating fin 6 to rotate. When the rotating fin 6 is in the first limit position 9 (as shown in Figure 4 ), the axial direction of the rotating fin 6 is parallel to the axial direction of the fluid passage 3. When the rotating fin 6 is in the second limit position 10 (as shown in Figure 5 ), the tail end of the rotating fin 6 abuts against the side wall adjacent to the fluid passage 3.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the dynamic passive turbulence structures 5 in a single fluid passage 3 are alternately arranged on both sides of the center line of the fluid passage 3 along the fluid flow direction. That is, the dynamic passive turbulence structures 5 need to be arranged on one side of the center line of the fluid passage 3, and each dynamic passive turbulence structure 5 in the fluid passage 3 has a certain range of action, so the staggered arrangement method in Figure 2 is more reasonable. The reason for the offset arrangement of the dynamic passive turbulence structures 5 is as follows: when the dynamic passive turbulence structure 5 is located at (or close to) the first limit position 9, as shown in Figure 4 , the flow velocity of the lower part of the rotating fin 6 is large and the pressure is small, and the upper part is the opposite, the pressure difference of the rotating fin 6 forms an unbalanced torque M and pushes the rotating fin 6 to rotate to the second limit position 10. When the dynamic passive turbulence structure 5 is located at (or close to) the second limit position 10, as shown in Figure 5 , since the head 62 abuts against the passage shell 4 and has a large hindering effect on the fluid flow, the flow velocity of the lower part of the rotating fin 6 is very low and the pressure is large, and the upper part is the opposite, the pressure difference of the rotating fin 6 forms an unbalanced reverse torque M' and pushes the rotating fin 6 to rotate to the first limit position 9.

[0044] It should be noted that the dynamic passive turbulence structure 5 can form periodic motion for fluid flow of different flow rates, but the motion frequency can be different; this kind of motion also plays a disturbance role on the flow itself, which can strengthen the mixing of cold and hot fluids, improve local flow rate and generate vortex, and this heat transfer strengthening method can have a strengthening effect similar to that of the active turbulence element.

[0045] By using the heat exchanger with the dynamic passive turbulence structure, the application further provides a turbulence method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] A plurality of dynamic passive turbulence structures 5 are installed in the fluid passage 3 along the axial direction, target fluid is introduced into the heat exchanger, and the target fluid is uniformly distributed into each fluid passage 3 of each sheet layer under the action of the flow dividing structure 1. When the rotating fin 6 approaches or is at the first limit position 9 under the action of the target fluid, the fluid flow rate between the rotating fin 6 and the side wall adjacent to one side of the fluid passage 3 is greater than that of the other side, and the fluid pressure of the one side is less than that of the other side. The pressure difference between the two sides of the rotating fin 6 forms an unbalanced moment M and pushes the rotating fin 6 to rotate towards the second limit position 10. When the rotating fin 6 approaches or is at the second limit position 10 under the action of the target fluid, the tail end 62 of the rotating fin 6 abuts against the side wall adjacent to one side of the fluid passage 3 and has a greater hindering effect on the fluid flow, the fluid flow rate of the one side is lower than that of the other side, and the fluid pressure of the one side is greater than that of the other side. The pressure difference between the two sides of the rotating fin 6 forms an unbalanced reverse moment M' and pushes the rotating fin 6 to rotate towards the first limit position 9. During the dynamic rotation of the rotating fin 6 at the first limit position 9 and the second limit position 10, the rotating fin 6 periodically changes the angle and causes turbulence phenomenon, thereby achieving the purpose of strengthening heat transfer.

[0047] The rotating fin of the application can rotate freely, and through the cooperation of the rotating fin, the fixed support and the latch, the rotating fin can periodically rotate under the action of the working fluid to cause turbulence phenomenon, thereby promoting the mixing of cold and hot fluids to strengthen heat transfer. The application can provide a solution to the problem of limited heat transfer efficiency of passive heat transfer strengthening methods with fixed structures, and has an effect similar to that of active heat transfer strengthening methods, but without additional energy consumption cost.

[0048] The above-described embodiment is only a preferred scheme of the application, and is not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger comprising dynamic passive turbulence structure, comprising a flow dividing structure (1), a flow collecting structure (2), a fluid passage (3), a passage shell (4); a plurality of raised passage shells (4) are arranged in parallel and at intervals on a single sheet layer of the heat exchanger, and the area between adjacent passage shells (4) constitutes a fluid passage (3); one end of the fluid passage (3) is provided with a flow dividing structure (1), and the other end is provided with a flow collecting structure (2); characterized in that, A plurality of dynamic passive turbulence structures (5) are arranged in the fluid channel (3); The dynamic passive turbulence structure (5) comprises a rotating fin (6), a fixed support (7) and a pin (8), the rotating fin (6) comprises a head (61) and a tail (62); the head (61) is a circular structure, a pin hole (63) is arranged at the center, the pin (8) passes through the pin hole (63) to hingedly fix the rotating fin (6) on the fluid channel (3); the tail (62) is coaxially and integrally connected with the head (61), and the width gradually narrows along the fluid flow direction; the protruding structures (64) for limiting are symmetrically arranged at both sides of the connection between the tail (62) and the head (61); the fixed support (7) is fixed in the fluid channel (3) and is an arc-shaped structure, a through slot is arranged inside along the arc length direction, and the arc length of the fixed support (7) is smaller than the arc length of the head (61) between the two protruding structures (64); the head (61) between the two protruding structures (64) is inserted into the slot of the fixed support (7), so that the rotating fin (6) can rotate around the pin (8) under the limiting of the protruding structures (64) and the fixed support (7). The rotating fin (6) is arranged on one side of the center line of the fluid channel (3); when the rotating fin (6) is in the first limit position (9), the axial direction of the rotating fin (6) is parallel to the axial direction of the fluid channel (3); when the rotating fin (6) is in the second limit position (10), the tail end of the tail (62) of the rotating fin (6) abuts against the side wall adjacent to the fluid channel (3).

2. The heat exchanger comprising dynamic passive spoiler structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge shape of the head (61) is matched with the inner edge shape of the slot of the fixed support (7), and the distance from the center of the pin hole (63) to the edge of the head (61) is equal to the distance from the center of the pin (8) to the inner edge of the slot of the fixed support (7).

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein, The head (61) can rotate in the slot of the fixed support (7) without interfering with the inner wall of the slot.

4. The heat exchanger comprising dynamic passive spoiler structures according to claim 1, wherein, The protruding structure (64) is a sharp protrusion, and the distance from the center of the pin hole (63) to the top end of the protrusion is equal to the distance from the center of the pin (8) to the outer edge of the fixed support (7).

5. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the dynamic passive turbulence structure comprises a plurality of vanes. The dynamic passive turbulence structures (5) in a single fluid channel (3) are alternately arranged on both sides of the center line of the fluid channel (3) along the fluid flow direction.

6. A method for disturbing flow of a heat exchanger comprising the dynamic passive disturbing structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The specific implementation is as follows: Several dynamic passive disturbance structures (5) are installed in the fluid channel (3) in the axial direction, the target fluid is introduced into the heat exchanger, and the target fluid is uniformly distributed to each fluid channel (3) of each sheet layer under the action of the flow distribution structure (1); when the rotating fin (6) approaches or is at the first limit position (9) under the action of the target fluid, the fluid flow rate between the rotating fin (6) and the side wall adjacent to the fluid channel (3) is greater than that on the other side, and the fluid pressure on this side is less than that on the other side, the pressure difference between the two sides of the rotating fin (6) forms an unbalanced moment M and pushes the rotating fin (6) to rotate to the second limit position (10); when the rotating fin (6) approaches or is at the second limit position (10) under the action of the target fluid, the tail end (62) of the rotating fin (6) abuts against the side wall adjacent to the fluid channel (3) and hinders the fluid flow, the fluid flow rate on this side is lower than that on the other side and the pressure is greater than that on the other side, the pressure difference between the two sides of the rotating fin (6) forms an unbalanced reverse moment M' and pushes the rotating fin (6) to rotate to the first limit position (9); during the dynamic rotation of the rotating fin (6) at the first limit position (9) and the second limit position (10), the angle changes periodically and causes a disturbance phenomenon, achieving the purpose of heat transfer enhancement.

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