A tiller performance test bench

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of test benches, and discloses a performance test bench for a tillage machine, including a base and a rotary tillage knife body of the tillage machine. A limit seat is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base. A plurality of installation grooves are formed in the top of the limit seat. A sample soil box is slidably installed in each installation groove. A moving frame with a U-shaped structure is slidably installed on the top of the base, and an adjusting bracket is slidably installed on the surface of the moving frame. By setting the limit seat and the sample soil box, the rotary tillage knife body of the tillage machine is driven by a working restoration mechanism to perform rotary tillage operation in the sample soil in the sample soil box, and the height of the protective cover is adjusted by a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, thereby adjusting the rotary tillage depth of the rotary tillage knife body of the tillage machine, and the operation depth is intuitively reflected by the depth scale line on the surface of the protective cover, greatly restoring the actual tillage state of the rotary tillage knife body of the tillage machine and improving the accuracy of the detection data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of test benches, and particularly to a performance test bench for a tillage machine. Background Art

[0002] A tillage machine is a mechanical device used in agricultural production, mainly for tilling the soil to prepare for planting crops. It loosens, breaks, and aerates the soil, making it more suitable for plant growth and improving soil permeability and water retention capacity. The main structure of a tillage machine is a rotary tillage blade, and the rotational stability of the rotary tillage blade directly affects the operation effect and tillage efficiency of the entire tillage machine. Therefore, during production or design, it is necessary to test the stability of the rotary tillage blade's operation to evaluate its working efficiency and operation quality. Through the analysis of the detection data, it can provide a basis for the design and improvement of the tillage machine, thereby improving tillage efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0003] In the prior art, a rotary tillage blade impact wear test device (publication number: CN217304614U) simulates the actual working state to a certain extent by setting a sand feeding funnel, a sand particle collection device, a sand particle circulation pipeline, and a sand particle recovery funnel, enabling the rotary tillage blade to be tested under the impact of sand particles. However, the impact of sand particles still cannot be compared with the resistance during actual soil tillage, and the stability detection of the rotary tillage blade is not comprehensive enough, reducing the accuracy of the detection data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and propose a performance test bench for a tillage machine.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A performance test bench for a tillage machine includes a base and a tillage machine rotary tillage blade main body. A limit seat is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base. A plurality of installation slots are opened at the top of the limit seat. A sample soil box is slidably installed in each installation slot. A moving frame in a U-shaped structure is slidably installed on the top of the base. An adjustment bracket is slidably installed on the surface of the moving frame. Two hydraulic telescopic cylinders are fixedly installed on one side of the adjustment bracket. The telescopic ends of the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders are fixedly installed with a protective cover. A working restoration mechanism for installing and driving the operation of the tillage machine rotary tillage blade main body is provided inside the protective cover. The two opposite sides and the bottom of the protective cover are in an open structure. A second protective plate is provided on the side of the protective cover away from the moving frame. The second protective plate is fixedly installed with the adjustment bracket and abuts against the open mouth of the protective cover. A performance tester body is fixedly installed on the side of the second protective plate close to the protective cover. A limit mechanism is provided on one side of the protective cover, and a dust collection mechanism is provided on the other side of the protective cover.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, each soil sample box is filled with soil samples of different parameters, and each installation groove is provided with protrusions on both sides of the bottom for limiting the soil sample box. Each soil sample box is provided with an adjustment gap between the two sides near the top and the walls of the installation groove, and the width of the adjustment gap is matched with the thickness of the protective cover. Depth scale lines are engraved on the opposite side surfaces of the protective cover. A limit rod is rotatably installed on the surface of one end of each soil sample box, and a handle is fixedly installed on the surface of each limit rod. One end of each installation groove is in an open structure and a limit groove matched with the limit rod is opened in the opening.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the working restoration mechanism includes a second motor, a driving pulley, a main shaft, a belt and a driven pulley, the second motor is fixedly installed on the top of the protective cover, the driving pulley is rotatably installed on one side of the top of the protective cover, the output end of the second motor is fixedly installed with the rotation center of one side of the driving pulley, the driven pulley is rotatably installed on one side inside the protective cover, the belt is sleeved between the driven pulley and the driving pulley, the interior of the driven pulley is a hollow structure and a transfer sleeve is fixedly installed, and a belt is provided on the surface of the transfer sleeve The limiting hole of the convex rafter, the main shaft is a stepped shaft structure and is slidably installed in the limiting hole, the middle surface of the main shaft is provided with an external thread, the main body of the tiller blade is sleeved on the surface of the main shaft, and a locking nut is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the main shaft, one side of the locking nut is against the surface of the main body of the tiller blade, a protective shell is fixedly installed in the protective cover close to the belt side, the protective shell covers the belt and the driven pulley, the surface of the protective shell is provided with a circular hole adapted to the main shaft, and the top of the protective cover is provided with an equipment hole for the belt to shuttle.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the limiting mechanism includes a first block and a limiting cover, the limiting cover is fixedly installed on the surface of the protective cover, the first block is slidably installed between the protective cover and the limiting cover, an avoidance groove is opened at one end of the first block, a shifting post is fixedly installed on the surface of the first block, a first return spring is fixedly installed on one end of the first block near the limiting cover, and the other end of the first return spring is fixedly installed on the limiting cover.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, a circular hole for exhausting smoke and dust is provided on the side of the protective cover away from the limiting mechanism, a filter plate matching the circular hole is fixedly installed in the circular hole, an exhaust fan is rotatably installed at the center of the filter plate, a cylindrical protrusion is fixedly installed on the side of the exhaust fan close to the protective cover, a positioning groove with a convex rafter structure is provided on one end of the cylindrical protrusion close to the limiting mechanism, a scraper strip is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the cylindrical protrusion, and the scraper strip is against the inner side of the filter plate.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a positioning slideway matched with the positioning groove is provided on the surface of one end of the main shaft away from the driven pulley, and the main shaft is connected to the exhaust fan through the positioning slideway and the positioning groove. A through hole matched with the main shaft is provided on the side of the protective cover close to the limiting mechanism, and a handle with a shoulder column structure is fixedly installed on the other end of the main shaft.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the adjustment bracket is hinged to the first protective plate through a torsion spring hinge on the side away from the second protective plate, a captive screw is slidably embedded in the surface of the first protective plate, a threaded hole matching the captive screw is provided on one side of the adjustment bracket, a sliding groove is provided on one side of the adjustment bracket, a second stopper is slidably installed in the sliding groove, a plurality of second return springs are fixedly installed on the second stopper close to one side of the sliding groove, and the plurality of second return springs are fixedly installed on one side of the sliding groove.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present invention, the dust collection mechanism includes a dust drawer, a cyclone separator and a dust hood. The dust hood is fixedly installed on one side of the exhaust fan installed on the protective cover. The dust hood is a trumpet-shaped structure and completely covers the entire exhaust fan. A telescopic tube is fixedly installed on the other side of the dust hood. A supporting platform is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame. The cyclone separator is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting platform. A dust discharge hole that runs through its surface and matches the bottom discharge port of the cyclone separator is opened at the bottom of the supporting platform. The dust drawer is slidably installed on the bottom of the supporting platform. The top of the dust drawer is an open structure. An air inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the air inlet end of the cyclone separator. The air inlet pipe is fixedly installed on one end of the telescopic tube away from the cyclone separator.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, a screw is rotatably installed in the movable frame, the adjusting bracket is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the screw, a first motor is provided on one side of the movable frame, the first motor is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting platform, the output end of the first motor is connected to the rotation center of one end of the screw through a coupling, a side plate is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the base, a linear motor assembly is fixedly installed on the side of the side plate close to the top, the moving end of the linear motor assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame, and the first motor is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting platform.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] By setting a limit seat and a soil sample box, the second motor in the working restoration mechanism drives the active pulley to rotate, the active pulley drives the driven pulley to rotate through the belt, the driven pulley drives the main shaft to rotate through the adapter sleeve, and then drives the tiller blade body to perform a rotary tillage operation in the sample soil in the soil sample box, and the height of the protective cover is adjusted by the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, thereby adjusting the rotary tillage depth of the tillage blade body of the tiller, and the depth scale line on the surface of the protective cover intuitively reflects the operation depth, thereby restoring the actual tillage state of the tillage blade body of the tiller to a great extent, and improving the accuracy of the detection data;

[0017] Multiple soil sample boxes can be filled with various types of soil. When in use, the first motor drives the screw rod to rotate, and the screw rod thread drives the adjustment bracket to move on the surface of the mobile frame, thereby driving the tiller blade body to test different soils, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the test and the accuracy of the equipment detection.

[0018] By setting up a dust collection mechanism, during the equipment operation test process, the main shaft cooperates with the positioning groove opened in the cylindrical protrusion through the positioning slide at the end. When the main body of the tiller blade rotates, the exhaust fan can also be driven to rotate. The smoke in the protective cover is filtered through the filter plate and then pumped into the cyclone separator. The dust in the smoke falls into the dust collecting drawer below for centralized collection, so as to prevent dust from floating around the equipment, avoid affecting the health of the testers and the normal operation of the equipment, and improve the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a tiller performance test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a top view of a tiller performance test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a limit seat and a soil sample box of a tiller performance test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tiller performance test bench proposed by the present invention when viewed from above;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment bracket of a tiller performance test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal disassembly structure of a protective cover of a tiller performance test bench proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B;

[0027] Fig. 9 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a protective cover insertion adjustment slot structure of a tiller performance test bench.

[0028] In the figure: 1, base; 2, moving frame; 3, side plate; 4, linear motor assembly; 5, limit seat; 501, limit slot; 502, mounting slot; 6, soil sample box; 601, limit rod; 602, handle; 7, dust collection drawer; 8, first motor; 9, cyclone separator; 10, air inlet pipe; 11, first protective plate; 12, protective cover; 13, adjustment bracket; 1301, threaded hole; 1302, slide slot; 14, second protective plate; 15, screw rod; 16, telescopic tube; 17, hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 18, second motor; 19, driving pulley; 20, limit machine Structure; 2001, first stopper; 2002, lever; 2003, avoidance groove; 2004, first return spring; 2005, limit cover; 21, depth scale line; 22, dust cover; 23, captive screw; 24, second stopper; 2401, second return spring; 25, tiller blade body; 26, main shaft; 2601, handle; 27, protective shell; 28, belt; 29, exhaust fan; 30, filter plate; 31, scraper strip; 32, locking nut; 33, driven pulley; 34, adapter sleeve; 35, adjustment gap; 36, performance tester body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "provided with", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1-Figure 9 , a performance test bench for a tiller, comprising a base 1 and a tiller rotary tiller blade body 25. A limit seat 5 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base 1. A plurality of installation grooves 502 are opened on the top of the limit seat 5. A soil sample box 6 is slidably installed in each installation groove 502. A movable frame 2 with a U-shaped structure is slidably installed on the top of the base 1. An adjustment bracket 13 is slidably installed on the surface of the movable frame 2. Two hydraulic telescopic cylinders 17 are fixedly installed on one side of the adjustment bracket 13. The telescopic ends of the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders 17 are fixedly installed with a protective cover 12. A working restoration mechanism for installing and driving the tiller rotary tiller blade body 25 to operate is provided inside the protective cover 12. The two opposite sides and the bottom of the protective cover 12 are of an open structure. A second protective plate 14 is provided on the side of the protective cover 12 away from the movable frame 2. The second protective plate 14 is fixedly installed with the adjustment bracket 13 and abuts against the open end of the protective cover 12. A performance tester body 36 is fixedly installed on the side of the second protective plate 14 close to the protective cover 12. A limit mechanism 20 is provided on one side of the protective cover 12, and a dust collection mechanism is provided on the other side of the protective cover 12. The working restoration mechanism includes a second motor 18, a driving pulley 19, a main shaft 26, a belt 28 and a driven pulley 33. The second motor 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the protective cover 12. The driving pulley 19 is rotatably installed on one side of the top of the protective cover 12. The output end of the second motor 18 is fixedly installed with the rotation center of one side of the driving pulley 19. The driven pulley 33 is rotatably installed on one side inside the protective cover 12. The belt 28 is sleeved between the driven pulley 33 and the driving pulley 19. The inside of the driven pulley 33 is of a hollow structure and is fixedly installed with a transfer sleeve 34. The surface of the transfer sleeve 34 is provided with a limiting hole with a flange. The main shaft 26 is of a stepped shaft structure and is slidably installed in the limiting hole. An external thread is provided on the middle surface of the main shaft 26. The tiller rotary tiller blade body 25 is sleeved on the surface of the main shaft 26. A locking nut 32 is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the main shaft 26. One side of the locking nut 32 abuts against the surface of the tiller rotary tiller blade body 25. A protective shell 27 is fixedly installed on the side inside the protective cover 12 close to the belt 28. The protective shell 27 covers the belt 28 and the driven pulley 33. A round hole adapted to the main shaft 26 is opened on the surface of the protective shell 27. An equipment hole for the belt 28 to operate and shuttle through is opened on the top of the protective cover 12.

[0033] When in use, by setting the limit seat 5 and the soil sample box 6, the second motor 18 in the working restoration mechanism drives the active pulley 19 to rotate, the active pulley 19 drives the driven pulley 33 to rotate through the belt 28, and the driven pulley 33 drives the main shaft 26 to rotate through the adapter sleeve 34, thereby driving the tiller blade body 25 to perform rotary tillage in the sample soil in the soil sample box 6. The height of the protective cover 12 is adjusted by the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 17, and then the rotary tillage depth of the tillage blade body 25 of the tiller is adjusted, and the depth scale line 21 on the surface of the protective cover 12 intuitively reflects the operating depth, thereby restoring the actual tillage state of the tillage blade body 25 of the tiller to a great extent, and improving the accuracy of the detection data.

[0034] In this embodiment, each soil sample box 6 is filled with soil samples of different parameters, and protrusions for limiting the soil sample box 6 are provided on both sides of the bottom of each installation groove 502. An adjustment slot 35 is provided between the two sides near the top of each soil sample box 6 and the groove wall of the installation groove 502. The width of the adjustment slot 35 is adapted to the thickness of the protective cover 12. Depth scale lines 21 are engraved on the two opposite side surfaces of the protective cover 12. A limiting rod 601 is rotatably installed on the surface of one end of each soil sample box 6, and a handle 602 is fixedly installed on the surface of each limiting rod 601. One end of each installation groove 502 is in an open structure, and a limiting slot 501 adapted to the limiting rod 601 is opened in the opening.

[0035] When in use, multiple soil sample boxes 6 can be set to fill various types of soil. When in use, the first motor 8 drives the screw rod 15 to rotate, and the screw rod 15 threadedly drives the adjustment bracket 13 to move on the surface of the movable frame 2, thereby driving the tiller blade body 25 to test different soil types, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the test and thus improving the accuracy of equipment detection.

[0036] In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism 20 includes a first stop block 2001 and a limiting cover 2005. The limiting cover 2005 is fixedly installed on the surface of the protective cover 12. The first stop block 2001 is slidably installed between the protective cover 12 and the limiting cover 2005. An avoidance groove 2003 is opened at one end of the first stop block 2001. A shifting column 2002 is fixedly installed on the surface of the first stop block 2001. A first return spring 2004 is fixedly installed near one end of the first stop block 2001 near the limiting cover 2005, and the other end of the first return spring 2004 is fixedly installed with the limiting cover 2005.

[0037] When in use, the main shaft 26 can be limited by the limiting mechanism 20, and the first stopper 2001 slides out in the direction away from the limiting cover 2005 under the force of the first return spring 2004 and is inserted in the middle of the handle 2601, so as to limit the main shaft 26 and avoid axial shaking of the main shaft 26 during the test process, thereby improving the stability of the equipment during the test process and avoiding the impact of equipment shaking on the test data of the tiller blade body 25. A shifting column 2002 is provided. When the tiller blade body 25 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to shift the shifting column 2002 to drive the first stopper 2001 to slide into the limiting cover 2005 and compress the first return spring 2004, and then pull the main shaft 26 out of one side of the protective cover 12 through the handle 2601, so that the other end of the main shaft 26 is separated from the exhaust fan 29, and then loosen the locking nut 32 to remove the tiller blade body 25 for replacement. The replacement operation is simple and convenient, which improves the convenience of equipment use.

[0038] In this embodiment, a circular hole for exhausting smoke and dust is provided on the side of the protective cover 12 away from the limiting mechanism 20, and a filter plate 30 adapted thereto is fixedly installed in the circular hole. An exhaust fan 29 is rotatably installed at the center of the filter plate 30, and a cylindrical protrusion is fixedly installed on the side of the exhaust fan 29 close to the protective cover 12. A positioning groove with a convex rafter structure is provided on the end of the cylindrical protrusion close to the limiting mechanism 20, and a scraper strip 31 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the cylindrical protrusion, and the scraper strip 31 is abutted against the inner side of the filter plate 30. A positioning slideway adapted to the positioning groove is provided on the surface of one end of the main shaft 26 away from the driven pulley 33, and the main shaft 26 is connected to the exhaust fan 29 through the positioning slideway and the positioning groove. A through hole adapted to the main shaft 26 is provided on the side of the protective cover 12 close to the limiting mechanism 20, and a shaft-shaped A handle 2601 of a shoulder column structure, the dust collecting mechanism includes a dust drawer 7, a cyclone separator 9 and a dust hood 22, the dust hood 22 is fixedly mounted on one side of the protective cover 12 where the exhaust fan 29 is installed, the dust hood 22 is in a trumpet-shaped structure and completely covers the entire exhaust fan 29, a telescopic tube 16 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the dust hood 22, a supporting platform is fixedly mounted on one side of the movable frame 2, the cyclone separator 9 is fixedly mounted on the top of the supporting platform, a dust discharge hole that runs through the surface of the supporting platform and is compatible with the bottom discharge port of the cyclone separator 9 is provided at the bottom of the supporting platform, the dust drawer 7 is slidably mounted on the bottom of the supporting platform, the top of the dust drawer 7 is an open structure, an air inlet pipe 10 is fixedly mounted on the air inlet end of the cyclone separator 9, and the air inlet pipe 10 is fixedly mounted on one end of the telescopic tube 16 away from the cyclone separator 9.

[0039] When in use, by setting up the dust collection mechanism, during the equipment operation test process, the main shaft 26 cooperates with the positioning groove provided in the cylindrical protrusion through the positioning slide at the end. When the tiller blade body 25 rotates, the exhaust fan 29 can also be driven to rotate. The smoke in the protective cover 12 is filtered by the filter plate 30 and then pumped into the cyclone separator 9. The dust in the smoke falls into the dust collecting drawer 7 below for centralized collection. The dust collecting drawer 7 is installed at the bottom of the support platform through a pull-out slide rail. The dust collecting drawer 7 can draw out and dump the dust to the recycling area, which avoids dust scattering around the equipment, avoids affecting the health of the testers and the normal operation of the equipment, and improves the service life of the equipment.

[0040] In this embodiment, a screw rod 15 is rotatably installed in the mobile frame 2, and the adjusting bracket 13 is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the screw rod 15. A first motor 8 is provided on one side of the mobile frame 2, and the first motor 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the support platform. The output end of the first motor 8 is connected to the rotation center of one end of the screw rod 15 through a coupling. A side plate 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the base 1, and a linear motor assembly 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the side plate 3 near the top. The moving end of the linear motor assembly 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the mobile frame 2, and the first motor 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the support platform. The adjusting bracket 13 is hinged to the first protective plate 11 through a torsion spring hinge on the side away from the second protective plate 14, and a captive screw 23 is slidably embedded on the surface of the first protective plate 11, and a threaded hole 1301 matched with the captive screw 23 is provided on one side of the adjusting bracket 13, and a sliding groove 1302 is provided on one side of the adjusting bracket 13, and a second stopper 24 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 1302, and a plurality of second return springs 2401 are fixedly installed on the side of the second stopper 24 close to the sliding groove 1302, and the plurality of second return springs 2401 are all fixedly installed on one side of the sliding groove 1302.

[0041] When in use, the linear motor assembly 4 drives the moving frame 2 to reciprocate on the top of the base 1. The first protective plate 11 and the second protective plate 14 can cover the openings on both sides of the protective cover 12 to avoid soil splashing during the test process and facilitate smoke recovery. The first protective plate 11 is always in contact with the surface of the protective cover 12 under the action of the torsion spring hinge. When the tiller blade body 25 needs to be replaced, it is flipped upward by ninety degrees. The second stop block 24 pops out under the action of the second return spring 2401 to support the first protective plate 11, thereby improving the practicability of the equipment.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tiller performance test bench, comprising a base (1) and a tiller rotary blade body (25), characterized in that: A limiting seat (5) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base (1). A plurality of installation grooves (502) are formed in the top of the limiting seat (5). A soil sample box (6) is slidably installed in each installation groove (502). A movable frame (2) in a U-shaped structure is slidably installed on the top of the base (1). An adjusting bracket (13) is slidably installed on the surface of the movable frame (2). Two hydraulic telescopic cylinders (17) are fixedly installed on one side of the adjusting bracket (13). The telescopic ends of the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders (17), the two hydraulic telescopic cylinders (17), are fixedly installed with a protective cover (12). A working reduction mechanism for installing and driving the rotary tiller blade body (25) to operate is arranged in the protective cover (12). The two opposite sides and the bottom of the protective cover (12) are of an open structure. A second protective plate (14) is arranged on the side of the protective cover (12) away from the movable frame (2). The second protective plate (14) is fixedly installed with the adjusting bracket (13) and abuts against the open end of the protective cover (12). A performance tester body (36) is fixedly installed on the side of the second protective plate (14) close to the protective cover (12). A limiting mechanism (20) is arranged on one side of the protective cover (12). A dust collection mechanism is arranged on the other side of the protective cover (12).

2. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: Soil samples with different parameters are filled in each soil sample box (6). Convex blocks for limiting the soil sample box (6) are arranged on both sides of the inner bottom of each installation groove (502). An adjusting gap (35) is arranged between the two sides near the top of each soil sample box (6) and the groove wall of the installation groove (502). The width of the adjusting gap (35) is adapted to the thickness of the protective cover (12). Depth scale lines (21) are engraved on the surfaces of the two opposite sides of the protective cover (12). A limiting rod (601) is rotatably installed on the surface of one end of each soil sample box (6). A handle (602) is fixedly installed on the surface of each limiting rod (601). One end of each installation groove (502) is of an open structure, and a limiting groove (501) adapted to the limiting rod (601) is formed in the open end.

3. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working restoration mechanism comprises a second motor (18), a driving pulley (19), a main shaft (26), a belt (28) and a driven pulley (33); the second motor (18) is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective cover (12); the driving pulley (19) is rotatably mounted on one side of the top of the protective cover (12); the output end of the second motor (18) is fixedly mounted on the rotation center of one side of the driving pulley (19); the driven pulley (33) is rotatably mounted on one side inside the protective cover (12); the belt (28) is sleeved between the driven pulley (33) and the driving pulley (19); the driven pulley (33) has a hollow structure inside and is fixedly mounted with an adapter sleeve (34); a limit sleeve with a convex rafter is provided on the surface of the adapter sleeve (34); The main shaft (26) is in a stepped shaft structure and is slidably mounted in the limiting hole. An external thread is provided on the middle surface of the main shaft (26). The tiller blade body (25) is sleeved on the surface of the main shaft (26). A locking nut (32) is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the main shaft (26). One side of the locking nut (32) abuts against the surface of the tiller blade body (25). A protective shell (27) is fixedly mounted on the protective cover (12) on the side close to the belt (28). The protective shell (27) covers the belt (28) and the driven pulley (33). A circular hole matching the main shaft (26) is provided on the surface of the protective cover (12). A device hole for the belt (28) to shuttle is provided on the top of the protective cover (12).

4. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (20) comprises a first stopper (2001) and a limiting cover (2005); the limiting cover (2005) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the protective cover (12); the first stopper (2001) is slidably mounted between the protective cover (12) and the limiting cover (2005); an avoidance groove (2003) is provided at one end of the first stopper (2001); a shifting post (2002) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the first stopper (2001); a first return spring (2004) is fixedly mounted at one end of the first stopper (2001) close to the limiting cover (2005); and the other end of the first return spring (2004) is fixedly mounted on the limiting cover (2005).

5. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: A circular hole for exhausting smoke and dust is provided on a side of the protective cover (12) away from the limiting mechanism (20), a filter plate (30) adapted thereto is fixedly mounted in the circular hole, an exhaust fan (29) is rotatably mounted at the center of the filter plate (30), a cylindrical protrusion is fixedly mounted on a side of the exhaust fan (29) close to the protective cover (12), a positioning groove with a convex rafter structure is provided on one end of the cylindrical protrusion close to the limiting mechanism (20), a scraper strip (31) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the cylindrical protrusion, and the scraper strip (31) abuts against the inner side of the filter plate (30).

6. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positioning slideway matched with the positioning groove is provided on the surface of one end of the main shaft (26) away from the driven pulley (33); the main shaft (26) is connected to the exhaust fan (29) through the positioning slideway in cooperation with the positioning groove; a through hole matched with the main shaft (26) is provided on one side of the protective cover (12) close to the limiting mechanism (20); and a handle (2601) in the form of a shoulder column structure is fixedly mounted on the other end of the main shaft (26).

7. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the adjustment bracket (13) away from the second protection plate (14) is hinged to the first protection plate (11) through a torsion spring hinge, and a captive screw (23) is slidably embedded on the surface of the first protection plate (11). A threaded hole (1301) matching the captive screw (23) is provided on one side of the adjustment bracket (13), and a slide groove (1302) is provided on one side of the adjustment bracket (13). A second stopper (24) is slidably installed in the slide groove (1302), and a plurality of second return springs (2401) are fixedly installed on the side of the second stopper (24) close to the slide groove (1302), and the plurality of second return springs (2401) are all fixedly installed on one side of the slide groove (1302).

8. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collecting mechanism comprises a dust collecting drawer (7), a cyclone separator (9) and a dust collecting cover (22). The dust collecting cover (22) is fixedly mounted on the side of the protective cover (12) where the exhaust fan (29) is mounted. The dust collecting cover (22) is in a trumpet-shaped structure and completely covers the entire exhaust fan (29). A telescopic pipe (16) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the dust collecting cover (22). A supporting platform is fixedly mounted on one side of the movable frame (2). The cyclone separator (9) is fixedly mounted on the top of the supporting platform. A dust discharge hole penetrating the surface of the supporting platform and matching with the bottom discharge port of the cyclone separator (9) is provided at the bottom of the supporting platform. The dust collecting drawer (7) is slidably mounted on the bottom of the supporting platform. The top of the dust collecting drawer (7) is in an open structure. An air inlet pipe (10) is fixedly mounted on the air inlet end of the cyclone separator (9). The end of the air inlet pipe (10) away from the cyclone separator (9) is fixedly mounted on one end of the telescopic pipe (16).

9. A tiller performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw (15) is rotatably mounted in the movable frame (2); the adjusting bracket (13) is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the screw (15); a first motor (8) is provided on one side of the movable frame (2); the first motor (8) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support platform; an output end of the first motor (8) is connected to a rotation center of one end of the screw (15) via a coupling; a side plate (3) is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the base (1); a linear motor assembly (4) is fixedly mounted on one side of the side plate (3) close to the top; a movable end of the linear motor assembly (4) is fixedly mounted on one side of the movable frame (2); and the first motor (8) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support platform.

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