Drilling equipment and method for gear production and processing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to a drilling device and method for gear production and processing, comprising a positioning mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism and a drilling mechanism; the positioning mechanism comprises a fixed plate and a positioning shaft, one end of the positioning shaft vertically passes through the center of the fixed plate; the angle adjustment mechanism comprises a docking rack and a linear moving structure, the teeth of the docking rack and the gear teeth of the gear can be meshed, and the docking rack can drive the gear to rotate at least one circle around the central axis of the gear, and the linear moving structure is used to drive the docking rack to reciprocate along the length direction; the drilling mechanism comprises a moving platform and a drilling structure, the fixed plate is connected to one end of the moving platform, a moving plate is arranged on the moving platform, and the drilling structure can move with the moving plate; the present invention arranges a positioning shaft, a docking rack, a linear moving structure and a drilling mechanism, thereby improving the processing accuracy, so that the distance between the holes processed on the gear and the center hole of the gear are the same.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to a drilling device for gear production and processing, and in particular to a method for using the drilling device for gear production and processing. Background Art

[0002] As a transmission element, gears play a vital role in mechanical engineering. They not only bear the heavy responsibility of transmitting power and torque, but also directly affect the operating efficiency and stability of the equipment. Therefore, the processing accuracy and quality of gears have always been the focus of attention in the manufacturing industry. In the production and processing of gears, drilling is a key link, which not only affects the installation accuracy of the gears, but also directly affects the overall performance and service life of the gears.

[0003] The patent with announcement number CN219541760U is a drilling device for automobile gears, which places the gears horizontally on a limit assembly, fixes the gears by a clamping assembly, moves the drill bit to the position to be processed by a driving assembly, drills the gears by the drilling assembly, and after the processing is completed, moves the drill bit to the next processing position by the driving assembly, and then repeats the above operations until all positions are processed; it locates the processing position on the gear by moving the drill bit. When processing around the center axis of the gear, the drill bit needs to be adjusted in two directions to achieve the positioning processing position, which reduces the positioning accuracy.

[0004] The patent with announcement number CN220259631U is a drilling equipment for automobile gear production. The gear is placed horizontally, the drill bit is above the gear, and the distance between the drill bit and the center axis of the gear is fixed. When processing around the center axis of the gear, the gear rotates while the drill bit position remains unchanged, which can ensure the accuracy of the processing position. However, the gear is supported by an inflatable airbag and drives the gear to rotate. The drill bit will apply an offline force to the gear when drilling, and the inflatable airbag may cause deformation due to squeezing, causing the state of the gear to change. At the same time, when the inflatable airbag drives the gear to rotate, the two may slide relative to each other, resulting in a low accuracy of the gear rotation angle. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a drilling device for gear production and processing is provided. The present invention is provided with a positioning shaft, a docking rack, a linear moving structure and a drilling mechanism, thereby improving the processing accuracy and making the distance between the holes processed on the gear and the center hole of the gear the same.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a drilling device for gear production and processing, including a positioning mechanism, an angle adjustment mechanism and a drilling mechanism; the positioning mechanism includes a fixed plate and a positioning shaft, the fixed plate is vertically arranged, one end of the positioning shaft vertically passes through the center of the fixed plate, and the center hole of the gear is clamped on the positioning shaft; the angle adjustment mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the fixed plate, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a docking rack and a linear moving structure, the docking rack is horizontally arranged, the tooth portion of the docking rack and the gear teeth of the gear can be meshed, and the docking rack can drive the gear to rotate at least one circle around the central axis of the gear, the linear moving structure is arranged above the docking rack, and the linear moving structure is used to drive the docking rack to reciprocate along the length direction; the drilling mechanism includes a moving platform and a drilling structure, the moving platform is arranged at the lower end of the fixed plate, the fixed plate is connected to one end of the moving platform, a moving plate is arranged on the moving platform, the moving plate can approach or move away from the fixed plate, the drilling structure is arranged on the moving plate, and the drilling structure can move with the moving plate.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning mechanism further comprises a telescopic structure, which is arranged on a side of the fixing plate away from the drilling mechanism, and is used to adjust the length of the positioning shaft on a side of the fixing plate toward the drilling mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning mechanism also includes a center positioning structure, which includes a positioning ring, a first guide structure, a support roller and an expansion drive structure; the axis of the positioning ring and the axis of the positioning shaft are collinear; the first guide structure has a plurality of first guide structures, and the plurality of first guide structures are arranged in a circular array on the positioning ring, and the first guide structure includes a first guide column, and the first guide column is arranged along the diameter of the positioning ring toward the center of the positioning ring; the number of support rollers is the same as the number of first guide structures, and the plurality of support rollers are arranged in a circular array around the positioning shaft, and the support rollers are arranged parallel to the positioning shaft, and a plurality of accommodating grooves for accommodating a plurality of support rollers are provided on the positioning shaft, and a connecting block is provided at one end of the support roller, and the connecting block is inserted on the first guide column; the expansion drive structure is arranged on one side of the positioning ring, and the expansion drive structure is used to drive a plurality of support rollers to synchronously move away from or approach the positioning shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning mechanism further comprises a first abutment structure, which is arranged on a side of the fixing plate facing the drilling mechanism, and is used to limit the distance between the gear and the fixing plate.

[0010] Preferably, the drilling mechanism also includes a clamping structure, which includes a mounting plate and a second abutment structure; the mounting plate is arranged parallel to the fixed plate; the second abutment structure is arranged on the side of the mounting plate facing the fixed plate, and the second abutment structure is used to apply a force to the gear toward the fixed plate.

[0011] Preferably, the drilling mechanism also includes a drilling point adjustment structure, and the drilling adjustment structure includes a limit block and a lifting column; the limit block is fixedly arranged in the middle of the mounting plate; the lifting column is vertically inserted in the limit block, the lower end of the lifting column is connected to the drilling structure, and the lifting column can move up and down along its axial direction.

[0012] Preferably, the drilling mechanism further comprises two lifting drive structures, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting column, and the two lifting drive structures are used to simultaneously apply an upward or downward force to the lifting column.

[0013] Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism also includes a connecting component, which includes a first hanging plate, a connecting plate and a fixed connecting structure; the first hanging plate is horizontally arranged, and a slot is opened on the first hanging plate, and the first hanging plate is connected to the linear moving structure; the connecting plate is inserted into the slot on the first hanging plate, and the docking rack is installed on the connecting plate; there are two fixed connecting structures, and the two fixed connecting structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the first hanging plate, and the fixed connecting structures are used to fix the connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism further comprises a lifting structure, which is arranged above the linear moving structure, and the lifting structure is used to drive the docking rack, the linear moving structure and the connecting assembly to move up and down as a whole.

[0015] A drilling method of a drilling device for gear production and processing, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, the telescopic structure adjusts the length of the positioning shaft extending out of the fixed plate according to the thickness of the gear, and the center hole of the gear is sleeved on the positioning shaft;

[0017] S2, pushing the gear to move along the positioning axis so that one side of the gear abuts against the first abutting structure;

[0018] S3, the center positioning structure adjusts the position of the gear so that the center axis of the gear is in line with the axis of the positioning shaft;

[0019] S4, the lifting structure drives the docking rack to engage with the gear, the linear moving structure drives the docking rack to move, and the docking rack drives the gear to rotate;

[0020] S5, after the position of the hole to be drilled on the gear corresponds to the drilling structure, the movable plate drives the drilling structure to move toward the gear, the pressing structure presses the gear, and the drilling structure drills the gear. After the drilling is completed, the movable plate drives the drilling structure away from the gear;

[0021] S6, the docking rack drives the gear to rotate again, and step S5 is repeated to make the distance between the hole drilled on the gear and the center hole of the gear the same;

[0022] S7, the drilling point adjustment structure adjusts the distance between the drilling structure and the center hole of the gear to drill holes in different parts of the gear.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention precisely sleeves the center hole of the gear on the positioning shaft, and the meshing position of the docking rack and the gear is selected at the upper end of the gear, thereby reducing the impact of debris generated during the drilling process on the meshing area and improving the continuity and efficiency of the processing process. At the same time, the vertically placed gear side allows the debris to slide naturally, avoiding wear and equipment failure caused by debris accumulation. The cooperation of the positioning shaft and the docking rack ensures the stability and accuracy of the gear during the processing, and the distance between the drilling machine body and the center hole of the gear remains unchanged, thereby improving the processing accuracy and making the distance between the hole processed on the gear and the center hole of the gear the same.

[0025] 2. The present invention is provided with a telescopic structure. According to the thickness of the gear, the push plate controls the length of the fixed shaft extending out of the fixed plate by applying force to the connecting shaft, so that the fixed shaft can not only satisfy the supporting function of the gear, but also avoid the interference of the fixed shaft on the drilling machine body when drilling, thereby realizing precise drilling processing of gears of different thicknesses.

[0026] 3. The present invention sets a center positioning structure. According to the diameter of the center hole of the gear, the connecting ring moves along the axial direction on the connecting shaft, and a uniform and synchronous thrust is applied to each connecting block through a plurality of first driving plates. As the connecting ring moves, the connecting block overcomes the resistance of the first spring under the guidance of the first guide column, and moves outward along the diameter direction of the positioning ring, driving the supporting rollers to gradually extend out of the accommodating groove until all the supporting rollers are evenly in contact with the inner wall of the center hole of the gear and firmly support it, thereby realizing the positioning, support and fixation of the center holes of gears of different sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a drilling device used in gear production and processing.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a front view of a drilling device used in gear production and processing.

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The three-dimensional cross-sectional view taken from AA.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the gears and positioning mechanism in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the positioning shaft and telescopic structure in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the positioning shaft, telescopic structure and center positioning structure in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the connecting shaft and center positioning structure in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0034] Figure 8 The present invention is a stereoscopic diagram of a positioning shaft, a supporting roller and a first abutment structure in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the positioning shaft, supporting roller and drilling mechanism in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0036] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the positioning shaft, moving platform and clamping structure in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0037] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the drilling structure, drilling point adjustment structure and lifting drive structure in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0038] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a fixed plate and an angle adjustment mechanism in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0039] Fig.13 The present invention is a stereoscopic diagram of a butt-jointed rack, a first hoisting plate, a connecting plate and a fixed connecting structure in a drilling device for gear production and processing.

[0040] The numbers in the figure are: 1, gear; 2, positioning mechanism; 21, fixed plate; 22, positioning shaft; 221, accommodating groove; 23, telescopic structure; 231, connecting shaft; 232, push plate; 24, center positioning structure; 241, positioning ring; 2411, connecting column; 242, first guide structure; 2421, first guide column; 2422, U-shaped plate; 2423, first spring; 243, supporting roller; 2431, connecting block; 244, unfolding drive structure; 2441, connecting ring; 2442, first drive plate; 25, first abutment structure; 251, first annular sleeve plate; 252, first roller; 3, angle adjustment mechanism; 31, docking rack; 32, linear moving structure; 33, connecting assembly; 331, first lifting plate; 332, connecting plate; 333, fixed connection structure; 3331, U-shaped frame ;3332, plug rod;3333, limit ring;3334, second spring;34, lifting structure;341, first bracket plate;342, lifting drive;4, drilling mechanism;41, moving platform;411, moving plate;42, drilling structure;421, second guide structure;4211, second lifting plate;4212, second guide column;4213, first moving block;422, drilling machine body;43, clamping structure;431, mounting plate;4311, second bracket plate;432, second abutment structure;4321, second annular sleeve plate;4322, second roller;44, drilling point adjustment structure;441, limit block;442, lifting column;45, lifting drive structure;451, third guide structure;4511, third guide column;4512, second moving block;452, second drive plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0042] Reference Figures 1 to 13As shown: a drilling device for gear production and processing, including a positioning mechanism 2, an angle adjustment mechanism 3 and a drilling mechanism 4; the positioning mechanism 2 includes a fixed plate 21 and a positioning shaft 22, the fixed plate 21 is vertically arranged, one end of the positioning shaft 22 vertically passes through the center of the fixed plate 21, and the center hole of the gear 1 is clamped on the positioning shaft 22; the angle adjustment mechanism 3 is arranged at the upper end of the fixed plate 21, the angle adjustment mechanism 3 includes a docking rack 31 and a linear moving structure 32, the docking rack 31 is horizontally arranged, the tooth portion of the docking rack 31 and the gear teeth of the gear 1 can be meshed, and the docking rack 31 can drive the gear 1 to rotate at least one circle around the central axis of the gear 1, the linear moving structure 32 is arranged above the docking rack 31, and the linear moving structure 32 is used to drive the docking rack 31 to reciprocate along the length direction; the drilling mechanism 4 includes a moving platform 41 and a drilling structure 42, the moving platform 41 It is arranged at the lower end of the fixed plate 21, and the fixed plate 21 is connected to one end of the mobile platform 41. A mobile plate 411 is arranged on the mobile platform 41, and the mobile plate 411 can be close to or away from the fixed plate 21. The drilling structure 42 is arranged on the mobile plate 411, and the drilling structure 42 can move with the mobile plate 411. The drilling structure 42 includes a second guide structure 421 and a drilling machine body 422. The second guide structure 421 includes a second hanging plate 4211, and the second hanging plate 4211 is horizontally arranged above the drilling machine body 422. The second hanging plate 4211 is parallelly arranged with at least two second guide columns 4212, and the second guide columns 4212 are horizontally arranged, and the straight line where the second guide columns 4212 are located is perpendicular to the fixed plate 21. The first moving block 4213 is slidably connected to the second guide column 4212, and the drilling machine body 422 is hoisted at the lower end of the first moving block 4213.

[0043] The staff accurately puts the center hole of the gear 1 on the positioning shaft 22 to ensure that the gear 1 is stable and the side to be drilled is vertical. At this time, the gear 1 is fully positioned and ready for subsequent processing. The docking rack 31 of the angle adjustment mechanism 3 automatically descends from above the gear 1 to mesh with the gear teeth of the gear 1. The meshing position is selected at the upper end of the gear 1 to reduce interference from debris. The linear moving structure 32 accurately controls the movement of the docking rack 31 along its length direction, driving the gear 1 to continuously rotate around the positioning shaft 22 to a predetermined angle. When the gear 1 rotates to the preset drilling position, the moving platform 41 starts, pushing the moving plate 411 and the drilling structure 42 thereon to approach the gear 1. The second guide structure 421 in the drilling structure 42 ensures that the drilling machine body 422 moves stably in a horizontal and perpendicular direction to the fixed plate 21 during the drilling process to reduce vibration. The gear 1 is moved and offset to drill a hole on the gear 1. Since the side of the gear 1 is vertical, the debris generated by the drilling naturally slides down to avoid accumulation, reducing the wear of the debris on the transmission mechanism and precision parts, and extending the service life and maintenance cycle of the equipment. After the drilling is completed, the mobile platform 41 drives the drilling structure 42 to return to the initial position, and the linear moving structure 32 drives the docking rack 31 to move again, driving the gear 1 to rotate to the next preset drilling angle, and repeating the above drilling process until the processing of all preset holes on the gear 1 is completed. The cooperation between the positioning shaft 22 and the docking rack 31 ensures the stability and accuracy of the gear 1 during the processing, and the distance between the drilling machine body 422 and the center hole of the gear 1 remains unchanged, thereby improving the processing accuracy, so that the distance between the holes processed on the gear 1 and the center hole of the gear 1 is the same.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown: the positioning mechanism 2 also includes a telescopic structure 23, which is arranged on the side of the fixed plate 21 away from the drilling mechanism 4. The telescopic structure 23 is used to adjust the length of the positioning shaft 22 on the side of the fixed plate 21 toward the drilling mechanism 4. The telescopic structure 23 includes a connecting shaft 231 and a push plate 232. The connecting shaft 231 and the positioning shaft 22 are coaxially arranged, one end of the connecting shaft 231 is connected to the positioning shaft 22, and the middle part of the push plate 232 is connected to the other end of the connecting shaft 231. The push plate 232 can apply a force along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 231.

[0045] The thickness of the gear 1 is different. When the thickness of the gear 1 is thin and the length of the positioning shaft 22 extending out of the fixed plate 21 is long, when the drilling machine body 422 is drilling the gear 1, the positioning shaft 22 may limit the horizontal displacement distance of the drilling machine body 422, resulting in a shallow depth of the hole drilled in the gear 1. When the thickness of the gear 1 is thick and the length of the positioning shaft 22 extending out of the fixed plate 21 is short, the positioning shaft 22 does not support the gear 1 sufficiently, and the side of the gear 1 may not be in a vertical state. When the drilling machine body 422 is drilling, the hole on the gear 1 is inclined. Therefore, a telescopic structure 23 is provided. According to the thickness of the gear 1, the push plate 232 controls the length of the positioning shaft 22 extending out of the fixed plate 21 by applying a force to the connecting shaft 231, so that the positioning shaft 22 can not only meet the support function for the gear 1, but also avoid the interference of the positioning shaft 22 with the drilling machine body 422 when drilling, thereby realizing precise drilling processing of gears 1 of different thicknesses.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown: the positioning mechanism 2 also includes a center positioning structure 24, which includes a positioning ring 241, a first guide structure 242, a support roller 243 and an unfolding drive structure 244; the axis of the positioning ring 241 and the axis of the positioning shaft 22 are collinear, and the positioning ring 241 is surrounded by connecting columns 2411 rigidly connected to the push plate 232; the first guide structure 242 has a plurality of first guide structures 242, and the plurality of first guide structures 242 are annularly arrayed on the positioning ring 241, and the first guide structure 242 includes a first guide column 2421, and the first guide column 2421 is oriented toward the center of the positioning ring 241 along the diameter of the positioning ring 241, and the first guide structure 242 also includes a U-shaped plate 2422 and a first spring 2423, and the U-shaped plate 2422 is covered on the outside of the first guide column 2421, and the opening of the U-shaped plate 2422 is oriented toward the center of the positioning ring 241, and the first spring 2423 is sleeved on the first guide column 2421; the number of support rollers 243 The number is the same as that of the first guide structure 242, a plurality of support rollers 243 are arranged in an annular array around the positioning shaft 22, and the support rollers 243 are arranged parallel to the positioning shaft 22, and a plurality of accommodating grooves 221 for accommodating the plurality of support rollers 243 are provided on the positioning shaft 22, and a connecting block 2431 is provided at one end of the support roller 243, and the connecting block 2431 is inserted on the first guide column 2421; an unfolding drive structure 244 is arranged on one side of the positioning ring 241, and the unfolding drive structure 244 is used to drive the plurality of support rollers 243 to synchronously move away from or approach the positioning shaft 22, and the unfolding drive structure 244 includes a connecting ring 2441, which is sleeved on the connecting shaft 231, and the connecting ring 2441 can move along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 231, and a plurality of first drive plates 2442 are arranged in an annular array around the connecting ring 2441, and the two ends of the first drive plate 2442 are respectively axially connected to the connecting block 2431 and the connecting ring 2441.

[0047] The center hole of gear 1 may be different from the diameter of positioning shaft 22. Directly driving gear 1 to rotate will prevent gear 1 from rotating around the axis of positioning shaft 22, resulting in deviation in the position of the drill hole on gear 1. By setting the center positioning structure 24, before putting gear 1 on the positioning shaft 22, ensure that all supporting rollers 243 are completely received in the receiving groove 221, and reserve space for the installation of gear 1. At this time, gear 1 can be easily inserted from one end of positioning shaft 22. After gear 1 is installed in place, gear 1 is affected by its own gravity, and its center axis is slightly lower than the axis of positioning shaft 22. Start to unfold the driving structure 244, and the connecting ring 2441 is connected to the connecting shaft 22. 31 moves along the axial direction, and a plurality of first driving plates 2442 apply uniform and synchronous thrust to each connecting block 2431 respectively. As the connecting ring 2441 moves, the connecting block 2431 overcomes the resistance of the first spring 2423 under the guidance of the first guide column 2421, and moves outward along the diameter direction of the positioning ring 241, driving the supporting rollers 243 to gradually extend from the accommodating groove 221 until all the supporting rollers 243 are evenly in contact with the inner wall of the center hole of the gear 1 and firmly support it. At this time, the axis of the gear 1 is accurately adjusted to be colinear with the axis of the positioning shaft 22, thereby realizing the positioning, support and fixation of the center holes of the gears 1 of different sizes.

[0048] Reference Figure 8 As shown: the positioning mechanism 2 also includes a first abutment structure 25, which is arranged on the side of the fixed plate 21 facing the drilling mechanism 4, and the first abutment structure 25 is used to limit the distance between the gear 1 and the fixed plate 21. The first abutment structure 25 includes a first annular sleeve 251, and the first annular sleeve 251 is fixed on the fixed plate 21. The positioning shaft 22 passes through the middle of the first annular sleeve 251. A plurality of first rollers 252 are arranged in an annular array on the first annular sleeve 251, and the axis of the first roller 252 is along the diameter direction of the positioning shaft 22 toward the central axis of the positioning shaft 22.

[0049] When the staff puts the gear 1 on the positioning shaft 22, if the gear 1 is limited by the abutment between the gear 1 and the fixed plate 21, although it can ensure that the docking rack 31 and the gear 1 are fully meshed, the gear 1 will rub against the fixed plate 21 during rotation, causing wear of the gear 1. By setting the first abutment structure 25, the staff pushes the gear 1 to move toward the fixed plate 21 along the axial direction of the positioning shaft 22, and the side walls around the center hole of the gear 1 abut against a plurality of first rollers 252, so that a fixed distance is maintained between the gear 1 and the fixed plate 21, which is convenient for the docking rack 31 to mesh with the gear 1. During the rotation of the gear 1, the side walls of the gear 1 will drive the plurality of first rollers 252 to rotate, and the rolling friction between the first rollers 252 and the gear 1 is small, thereby avoiding wear of the gear 1 during the processing.

[0050] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown: the drilling mechanism 4 also includes a clamping structure 43, which includes a mounting plate 431 and a second abutting structure 432; the mounting plate 431 is arranged in parallel with the fixed plate 21, and a second bracket plate 4311 connected to the movable plate 411 is arranged on the side of the mounting plate 431 facing away from the fixed plate 21; the second abutting structure 432 is arranged on the side of the mounting plate 431 facing the fixed plate 21, and the second abutting structure 432 is used to apply a force toward the fixed plate 21 to the gear 1, and the second abutting structure 432 includes a second annular sleeve plate 4321, and the middle hole of the second annular sleeve plate 4321 is the same as the diameter of the positioning shaft 22, the second annular sleeve plate 4321 is fixed on the mounting plate 431, and a plurality of second rollers 4322 are arranged in an annular array on the second annular sleeve plate 4321, and the axis of the second roller 4322 is along the diameter direction of the second annular sleeve plate 4321 toward the center of the second annular sleeve plate 4321.

[0051] When the drilling machine body 422 is drilling a hole in the side of the gear 1, the gear 1 may vibrate along its axial direction. By setting the clamping structure 43, the mobile platform 41 drives the mounting plate 431 to move toward the positioning shaft 22 through the mobile plate 411, and the mounting plate 431 pushes the middle hole of the second annular sleeve 4321 to be sleeved on the positioning shaft 22. The second annular sleeve 4321 applies an upward supporting force to the positioning shaft 22, so that the positioning shaft 22 remains in a horizontal state, thereby keeping the gear 1 in a vertical state at all times. When the second annular sleeve 4321 is completely sleeved on the positioning shaft 22, the second roller 4322 on the second annular sleeve 4321 is in close contact with the side wall of the gear 1. At this time, the two sides of the gear 1 are supported by the first roller 252 and the second roller 4322 respectively, forming a stable rolling support system. Therefore, the gear 1 will hardly be worn during the rotation process. By fixing the gear 1 in the axial direction of the gear 1, the vibration of the gear 1 along its axial direction is reduced, thereby avoiding damage to the drilling machine body 422.

[0052] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.11 As shown: the drilling mechanism 4 also includes a drilling point adjustment structure 44, and the drilling position adjustment structure includes a limit block 441 and a lifting column 442; the limit block 441 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the mounting plate 431; the lifting column 442 is vertically inserted into the limit block 441, and the lower end of the lifting column 442 is connected to the drilling structure 42, and the lifting column 442 can move up and down along its axial direction.

[0053] When it is necessary to drill a specific part of the gear 1, the drilling position is first determined according to the design requirements. If it is necessary to increase the distance between the processed hole and the center hole of the gear 1, the lifting column 442 is accurately controlled to move downward along its axial direction. During this process, the lifting column 442 smoothly drives the drilling structure 42 to move downward as a whole, thereby increasing the distance between the drilling machine body 422 and the positioning shaft 22 until the predetermined position is reached. On the contrary, if the distance needs to be reduced, the lifting column 442 is controlled to move upward. Through the up and down movement of the lifting column 442, the drilling machine body 422 can achieve precise stopping in the radial direction of the gear 1, and cooperate with the rotation of the gear 1, thereby realizing drilling at any point on the gear 1.

[0054] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.11 As shown: the drilling mechanism 4 also includes two lifting drive structures 45, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting column 442. The two lifting drive structures 45 are used to simultaneously apply an upward or downward force to the lifting column 442. The lifting drive structure 45 includes a third guide structure 451 and a second drive plate 452. The third guide structure 451 includes a third guide column 4511. The third guide column 4511 is horizontally arranged, and the third guide column 4511 is perpendicular to the lifting column 442. A second moving block 4512 is slidably arranged on the third guide column 4511, and both ends of the second drive plate 452 are respectively hinged to the second moving block 4512 and the upper end of the lifting column 442.

[0055] When it is necessary to move the lifting column 442 vertically upward, the two lifting drive structures 45 are started at the same time, and the second moving block 4512 moves along the third guide column 4511 toward the lifting column 442. As the two second moving blocks 4512 approach each other, the two second drive plates 452 simultaneously apply an upward thrust to the lifting column 442, so that the lifting column 442 can rise stably and smoothly, reducing vibration and deviation. When it is necessary to move the lifting column 442 vertically downward, the two second moving blocks 4512 move in opposite directions, and the two second drive plates 452 simultaneously apply a downward pulling force to the lifting column 442. Similarly, due to the synchronous operation of the two lifting drive structures 45, the lifting column 442 can descend stably and in a controlled manner, thereby realizing precise control of the position of the lifting column 442.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 , Fig.12 and Fig.13As shown in the figure: the angle adjustment mechanism 3 also includes a connecting component 33, which includes a first hanging plate 331, a connecting plate 332 and a fixed connecting structure 333; the first hanging plate 331 is horizontally arranged, and a slot is opened on the first hanging plate 331, and the first hanging plate 331 is connected to the linear moving structure 32; the connecting plate 332 is inserted into the slot on the first hanging plate 331, and the docking rack 31 is installed on the connecting plate 332; the fixed connecting structure 333 has two, and the two fixed connecting structures 333 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first hanging plate 331, and the fixed connecting structure 333 is provided. The connection structure 333 is used to fix the connecting plate 332. The fixed connection structure 333 includes a U-shaped frame 3331, an insert rod 3332, a limiting ring 3333 and a second spring 3334. The U-shaped frame 3331 is connected to the first hanging plate 331. The insert rod 3332 passes through the U-shaped frame 3331 and the first hanging plate 331 in sequence and is inserted into the connecting plate 332. The limiting ring 3333 is fixed on the insert rod 3332. The second spring 3334 is sleeved on the limiting ring 3333. The two ends of the second spring 3334 are respectively abutted against the U-shaped frame 3331 and the limiting ring 3333.

[0057] The sizes and dimensions of the teeth of different gears 1 are different, and different docking racks 31 are required to mesh with the gear 1. By setting a connecting assembly 33, the docking gear 1 is installed on the connecting plate 332. The staff applies a force to the plug rod 3332 to move away from the connecting plate 332, and the plug rod 3332 is separated from the connecting plate 332. The second spring 3334 is compressed, and the staff pulls the connecting plate 332 out of the first hanging plate 331, and then inserts the connecting plate 332 equipped with the docking rack 31 corresponding to the processed gear 1 into the first hanging plate 331. The second spring 3334 releases the elastic potential energy, so that the plug rod 3332 moves toward the connecting plate 332, and the plug rod 3332 is inserted into the connecting plate 332, so that the connecting plate 332 and the first hanging plate 331 are fixedly connected, thereby replacing different docking racks 31 to realize the meshing drive of different gears 1.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown: the angle adjustment mechanism 3 also includes a lifting structure 34, which is arranged above the linear moving structure 32. The lifting structure 34 is used to drive the docking rack 31, the linear moving structure 32 and the connecting assembly 33 to move up and down as a whole. The lifting structure 34 includes a first bracket plate 341 and a lifting driver 342. The lower end of the first bracket plate 341 is connected to the upper end of the fixed plate 21. The lifting driver 342 is arranged at the upper end of the first support plate, and the lifting driver 342 is connected to the linear moving structure 32.

[0059] When the diameter of the gear 1 is different, the docking rack 31 may not be able to engage with the gear 1. Through the lifting structure 34, when the diameter of the gear 1 is small, the lifting driver 342 drives the docking rack 31, the linear moving structure 32 and the connecting assembly 33 to move downward as a whole, so that the distance between the docking rack 31 and the positioning shaft 22 is reduced. When the diameter of the gear 1 is large, the lifting driver 342 drives the docking rack 31 away from the positioning shaft 22, thereby realizing that the angle adjustment mechanism 3 drives the gears 1 of different diameters to rotate.

[0060] A drilling method of a drilling device for gear production and processing, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1, the telescopic structure 23 adjusts the length of the positioning shaft 22 extending out of the fixed plate 21 according to the thickness of the gear 1, and the center hole of the gear 1 is sleeved on the positioning shaft 22;

[0062] S2, pushing the gear 1 to move along the positioning shaft 22, so that one side of the gear 1 abuts against the first abutting structure 25;

[0063] S3, the center positioning structure 24 adjusts the position of the gear 1 so that the center axis of the gear 1 is in line with the axis of the positioning shaft 22;

[0064] S4, the lifting structure 34 drives the docking rack 31 to mesh with the gear 1, the linear moving structure 32 drives the docking rack 31 to move, and the docking rack 31 drives the gear 1 to rotate;

[0065] S5, after the position of the hole to be drilled on the gear 1 corresponds to the drilling structure 42, the movable plate 411 drives the drilling structure 42 to move toward the gear 1, the pressing structure 43 presses the gear 1, and the drilling structure 42 drills the gear 1. After the drilling is completed, the movable plate 411 drives the drilling structure 42 away from the gear 1;

[0066] S6, the docking rack 31 drives the gear 1 to rotate again, and step S5 is repeated to make the distance between the hole drilled on the gear 1 and the center hole of the gear 1 the same;

[0067] S7, the drilling point adjustment structure 44 adjusts the distance between the drilling structure 42 and the center hole of the gear 1 to drill holes at different positions of the gear 1.

[0068] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A drilling device for gear production and processing, characterized in that: It comprises a positioning mechanism (2), an angle adjustment mechanism (3) and a drilling mechanism (4); The positioning mechanism (2) comprises a fixed plate (21), a positioning shaft (22), a telescopic structure (23), a center positioning structure (24) and a first abutting structure (25). The fixed plate (21) is vertically arranged, one end of the positioning shaft (22) vertically passes through the center of the fixed plate (21), the center hole of the gear (1) is clamped on the positioning shaft (22), and the telescopic structure (23) is arranged on a side of the fixed plate (21) away from the drilling mechanism (4). The telescopic structure (23) is used to adjust the positioning shaft (22) on the fixed plate (21). 1) the length of the side facing the drilling mechanism (4), the central positioning structure (24) comprises a positioning ring (241), a first guide structure (242), a support roller (243) and an unfolding drive structure (244), the axis of the positioning ring (241) and the axis of the positioning shaft (22) are collinear, the first guide structure (242) comprises a plurality of first guide structures (242) in an annular array on the positioning ring (241), the first guide structure (242) comprises a first guide column (2421), the first guide column (2422) comprises a first guide column (2423) and a first guide column (2424). A guide column (2421) is arranged along the diameter of the positioning ring (241) toward the center of the positioning ring (241); the number of the supporting rollers (243) is the same as the number of the first guide structure (242); a plurality of supporting rollers (243) are arranged in an annular array around the positioning shaft (22); the supporting rollers (243) are arranged parallel to the positioning shaft (22); a plurality of accommodating grooves (221) for accommodating the plurality of supporting rollers (243) are provided on the positioning shaft (22); one end of the supporting roller (243) is provided A connecting block (2431) is provided, the connecting block (2431) is inserted on the first guide column (2421), an unfolding driving structure (244) is provided on one side of the positioning ring (241), the unfolding driving structure (244) is used to drive a plurality of supporting rollers (243) to synchronously move away from or approach the positioning shaft (22), and a first abutting structure (25) is provided on a side of the fixing plate (21) facing the drilling mechanism (4), and the first abutting structure (25) is used to limit the distance between the gear (1) and the fixing plate (21); The angle adjustment mechanism (3) is arranged at the upper end of the fixed plate (21), and comprises a docking rack (31), a linear moving structure (32) and a lifting structure (34); the docking rack (31) is arranged horizontally, the tooth portion of the docking rack (31) and the gear teeth of the gear (1) can mesh, and the docking rack (31) can drive the gear (1) to rotate at least one revolution around the central axis of the gear (1); the linear moving structure (32) is arranged above the docking rack (31), and the linear moving structure (32) is used to drive the docking rack (31) to reciprocate along the length direction; the lifting structure (34) is arranged above the linear moving structure (32), and the lifting structure (34) is used to drive the docking rack (31), the linear moving structure (32) and the connecting assembly (33) to move up and down as a whole; The drilling mechanism (4) comprises a mobile platform (41), a drilling structure (42), a pressing structure (43) and a drilling point adjustment structure (44); the mobile platform (41) is arranged at the lower end of a fixed plate (21); the fixed plate (21) is connected to one end of the mobile platform (41); a mobile plate (411) is arranged on the mobile platform (41); the mobile plate (411) can move close to or away from the fixed plate (21); the drilling structure (42) is arranged on the mobile plate (411); the drilling structure (42) can move with the mobile plate (411); the pressing structure (43) comprises a mounting plate (431) and a second abutting structure (432); The mounting plate (431) is arranged in parallel with the fixing plate (21); the second abutting structure (432) is arranged on a side of the mounting plate (431) facing the fixing plate (21); the second abutting structure (432) is used to apply a force to the gear (1) towards the fixing plate (21); the drilling point adjustment structure comprises a limit block (441) and a lifting column (442); the limit block (441) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the mounting plate (431); the lifting column (442) is vertically inserted into the limit block (441); the lower end of the lifting column (442) is connected to the drilling structure (42); and the lifting column (442) can move up and down along its axis.

2. The drilling equipment for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism (4) further comprises two lifting drive structures (45), the two lifting drive structures (45) being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting column (442), and the two lifting drive structures (45) being used to simultaneously apply an upward or downward force to the lifting column (442).

3. The drilling equipment for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism (3) further comprises a connection assembly (33), wherein the connection assembly (33) comprises a first hanging plate (331), a connection plate (332) and a fixed connection structure (333); The first hanging plate (331) is arranged horizontally, and a slot is provided on the first hanging plate (331), and the first hanging plate (331) is connected to the linear moving structure (32); The connecting plate (332) is inserted into a slot on the first hanging plate (331), and the docking rack (31) is mounted on the connecting plate (332); There are two fixed connection structures (333), which are respectively arranged at two ends of the first hanging plate (331), and the fixed connection structures (333) are used to fix the connection plate (332).

4. A drilling method of a drilling device for gear production and processing, applied to a drilling device for gear production and processing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the telescopic structure (23) adjusts the length of the positioning shaft (22) extending out of the fixing plate (21) according to the thickness of the gear (1), and the center hole of the gear (1) is sleeved on the positioning shaft (22); S2, pushing the gear (1) to move along the positioning shaft (22), so that one side of the gear (1) abuts against the first abutment structure (25); S3, the center positioning structure (24) adjusts the position of the gear (1) so that the center axis of the gear (1) is collinear with the axis of the positioning shaft (22); S4, the lifting structure (34) drives the docking rack (31) to mesh with the gear (1), the linear moving structure (32) drives the docking rack (31) to move, and the docking rack (31) drives the gear (1) to rotate; S5, after the position of the hole to be drilled on the gear (1) corresponds to the drilling structure (42), the movable plate (411) drives the drilling structure (42) to move toward the gear (1), the pressing structure (43) presses the gear (1), and the drilling structure (42) drills the gear (1). After the drilling is completed, the movable plate (411) drives the drilling structure (42) away from the gear (1); S6, the docking rack (31) drives the gear (1) to rotate again, and step S5 is repeated to make the distance between the hole drilled on the gear (1) and the center hole of the gear (1) the same; S7, the drilling point adjustment structure (44) adjusts the distance between the drilling structure (42) and the center hole of the gear (1) to drill holes at different positions of the gear (1).

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