A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine

Abstract

A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine, belonging to the technical field of laser marking equipment, addresses the problems of lens wear causing laser beam defocusing, necessitating machine shutdown for maintenance when lenses malfunction, and the lack of appropriate protective measures at workpiece placement locations. The invention includes a processing table, a laser marking machine body, and a laser emitting head. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the laser emitting head, and a first protective mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting plate. This invention provides protection during laser marking by incorporating a reflector, pressure assembly, and heat-conducting assembly, preventing most of the scattered laser light from escaping. By incorporating a switching assembly and a locking assembly, worn lenses can be switched without immediate machine shutdown for maintenance, improving the machine's efficiency. The second protective mechanism forms a barrier between the laser and the workpiece, preventing the workpiece from being irradiated by laser light that has deviated from the marking path, thus reducing material waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser marking equipment technology, specifically a protective device for an automatic laser marking machine. Background Technology

[0002] Laser marking machines use high-energy-density lasers to locally irradiate workpieces, causing the surface material to vaporize or undergo a chemical reaction that changes color. By evaporating the surface material, the deeper material is exposed, thus engraving exquisite patterns, trademarks, and text. They are mainly divided into CO2 laser marking machines, semiconductor laser marking machines, fiber laser marking machines, and YAG laser marking machines.

[0003] A search revealed a patent with publication number CN214185737U: A laser marking device with a protective structure, comprising a main body, a laser head connected to one end of the main body, a protective mechanism on the outside of the laser head, a connecting block, a limiting sleeve movably connected to the surface of the laser head, a threaded connection at the connection between the connecting block and the limiting sleeve, a connecting sleeve on the surface of the limiting sleeve, and a first connecting groove on one end of the limiting sleeve. Through this protective mechanism, the laser head is fully protected without affecting the device's performance. A cover plate is provided on the bottom surface of the laser head, which can be sealed inside the cover plate when not in use, preventing damage to the laser head due to external factors and improving the stability of the device's operation.

[0004] However, the aforementioned patents still have some shortcomings, such as: by enclosing the laser head inside the cover plate, protection can only be provided when not in use, which is limited; after prolonged use, wear on the lens of the laser head can easily cause the laser beam to become unfocused and scatter, which can easily cause harm to the workpiece and the workers; when the lens cannot be used normally, the machine needs to be stopped for maintenance, which reduces work efficiency; and no corresponding protective measures are set at the workpiece placement position, so after the laser head malfunctions, some light can still be emitted from the laser head and damage the surface of the workpiece, resulting in material waste.

[0005] To address the above issues, a protective device for automatic laser marking machines is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a protective device for an automatic laser marking machine. By using this device, the limitations of providing protection only when the machine is not in use are solved. Furthermore, prolonged use of the laser head can lead to lens wear, causing the laser beam to become unfocused and scatter, which can harm the workpiece and workers. When the lens malfunctions, the machine needs to be stopped for repair, reducing work efficiency. Additionally, the lack of appropriate protective measures at the workpiece placement location allows some light to still escape from the laser head, damaging the workpiece surface and wasting materials.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a protective device for an automatic laser marking machine, comprising a processing table, a laser marking machine body fixedly installed on the top surface of the processing table, and a laser emitting head installed at one end of the laser marking machine body. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the laser emitting head, and a first protective mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting plate. The laser emitting head is disposed inside the first protective mechanism. A second protective mechanism and a control panel are fixedly connected to the top surface of the processing table, and an alarm is installed on the control panel.

[0008] The first protective mechanism includes a first outer shell fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting plate, a stop block fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first outer shell, a second outer shell fixedly connected through the side wall of the first outer shell, a reflector fixedly connected to the top end of the stop block, a through hole communicating between the center of the stop block and the reflector, a pressure component fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first outer shell, a heat conduction component fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressure component, a switching component fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the second outer shell, and a snap-fit ​​component fixedly connected to one end of the laser emitting head located inside the first outer shell.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure assembly includes a heat insulation block, which has an annular structure. An annular groove is formed on the top surface of the heat insulation block. A movable plate is slidably connected inside the annular groove. The bottom surface of the movable plate is elastically connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the annular groove through multiple first springs. A first electrode plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the movable plate. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the top of the annular groove. A second electrode plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed plate. A first pressure tube is symmetrically and fixedly connected through the side wall of the heat insulation block. A second pressure tube is fixedly connected through the bottom surface of the heat insulation block.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat-conducting component includes a retaining ring fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the heat insulation block. The retaining ring has an inverted frustum-shaped structure and is connected vertically. Multiple heat-conducting sheets are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the retaining ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the switching assembly includes a rotary motor fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the second housing. The rotary motor has symmetrically provided grooves on the side wall of its rotating shaft. A crossbar is slidably connected inside the two grooves. A bracket is fixedly connected to both ends of the crossbar. A lens body is fixedly installed inside each bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the brackets has symmetrically formed grooves on its sidewalls, and each groove has a wedge block slidably connected inside it. The sidewall of each wedge block is elastically connected to the inner wall of the groove through a second spring.

[0013] Furthermore, a first electromagnet is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top surface of the crossbar, and a second electromagnet is fixedly connected to the top wall of the inner cavity of the second outer shell at the position corresponding to the first electromagnet.

[0014] Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​assembly includes a snap-fit ​​ring fixedly connected to the bottom end of the laser emitter head. A snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the side wall of the snap-fit ​​ring corresponding to the position of the wedge block. A disassembly module is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​ring. One end of each of the two first pressure tubes is connected to the interior of the two disassembly modules.

[0015] Furthermore, the disassembly module includes a sealing cover fixedly connected to the outer wall of the snap ring, the sealing cover being correspondingly disposed at the snap groove, a push plate being slidably connected inside the sealing cover, and the side wall of the push plate being elastically connected to the inner cavity side wall of the sealing cover by a third spring.

[0016] Furthermore, the second protective mechanism includes a placement plate fixedly connected to the top surface of the processing table. Slide rails are fixedly connected to both sides of the top surface of the placement plate. The top surface of the slide rails is a concave track. A sliding plate is slidably connected to the top surface of both slide rails. A laser-absorbing resin layer is provided on the top surface of the sliding plate. Two elastically embedded locking beads are provided at the edge of the top surface of the sliding plate. Fourth springs are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the sliding plate. One end of each fourth spring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the concave track on the top surface of the slide rail. A gantry is fixedly connected to the side walls of both slide rails. Two locking holes are provided on the top surface of the gantry corresponding to the positions of the two locking beads. A release module is symmetrically slidably connected to the top surface of the gantry. Two release modules are disposed between the two locking holes. Mounting blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the gantry at the release modules. A plunger cylinder is fixedly connected to the side walls of the two mounting blocks. One end of the second pressure pipe communicates with the interior of the plunger cylinder. A stop rod is slidably connected to the bottom end of the plunger cylinder, and the bottom end of the stop rod is chamfered.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the release modules includes a movable block slidably connected to the top surface of the gantry, a wedge plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of each movable block, a semi-cylindrical magnet is fixedly connected to one end of each wedge plate, and an oblique hole matching the bottom end of the push rod is opened on the top surface of each semi-cylindrical magnet.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] By incorporating a reflector, pressure assembly, and heat-conducting assembly, protection is provided during laser marking. When the laser emitted from the laser emitter is not focused and causes scattering, the reflector reflects the light, causing the laser to irradiate the outer surface of the baffle ring, which absorbs heat and rises in temperature. This prevents most of the scattered laser from escaping and harming the workpiece and personnel, and also activates the alarm. The switching and locking assemblies allow switching to a working lens when one lens malfunctions, eliminating the need for immediate shutdown and improving the marking machine's efficiency. A second protective mechanism is in place. When laser scattering occurs, some pressure from the pressure assembly is transmitted through a second pressure pipe to the plunger cylinder, pushing the push rod downwards. The two semi-cylindrical magnets move away from each other under the pressure of the push rod, causing the moving block to move the wedge plate synchronously. As the wedge plate moves, it abuts against the locking bead on the same side, disengaging it from the locking hole. At this point, the fourth spring releases its force, pushing the slide plate above the placement plate, creating a barrier between the laser and the workpiece. This prevents the workpiece from being damaged by laser light that has deviated from the marking path, reducing material waste. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the laser emitting head and the first protective mechanism in this invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laser emitting head and the first protective mechanism in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reflector portion of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure component in this invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat-conducting component in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention where one end of the heat-conducting sheet extends into the annular groove;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the switching component and the snap-fit ​​component in this invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped block and the groove portion in the bracket of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the structure;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly module portion in the snap-fit ​​assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second protective mechanism in this invention;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the gantry portion in the second protective mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the release module portion in the second protective mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Processing table; 2. Laser marking machine body; 3. Laser emitter head; 4. Connecting plate; 5. First protective mechanism; 51. First outer shell; 52. Stop block; 53. Second outer shell; 54. Reflector; 55. Through hole; 56. Pressure assembly; 561. Heat insulation block; 5611. Annular groove; 562. Movable plate; 563. First spring; 564. First electrode plate; 565. Fixed plate; 566. Second electrode plate; 567. First pressure tube; 568. Second pressure tube; 57. Heat conduction assembly; 571. Retaining ring; 572. Heat conduction sheet; 58. Switching assembly; 581. Rotary motor; 5811. Slide groove; 582. Crossbar; 583. Bracket; 5831. Groove; 5832. Wedge block 5833, Second Spring; 584, Lens Body; 585, First Electromagnet; 586, Second Electromagnet; 59, Snap-fit ​​Assembly; 591, Snap-fit ​​Ring; 5911, Snap-fit ​​Slot; 592, Disassembly Module; 5921, Sealing Cover; 5922, Push Plate; 5923, Third Spring; 6, Second Protective Mechanism; 61, Placement Plate; 62, Slide Rail; 63, Slide Plate; 631, Laser Absorbing Resin Layer; 632, Snap-fit ​​Bead; 633, Fourth Spring; 64, Gate Frame; 641, Snap-fit ​​Hole; 642, Release Module; 6421, Moving Block; 6422, Wedge Plate; 6423, Semi-cylindrical Magnet; 6424, Angled Hole; 65, Mounting Block; 66, Plunger Cylinder; 67, Support Rod; 7, Control Panel; 8, Alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] To address the limitations of enclosing the laser head inside a cover plate, which only provides protection when not in use, and the technical problem that prolonged use can lead to wear on the lens, causing the laser beam to become unfocused and scatter, such as... Figures 1-7 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0037] A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine includes a processing table 1, a laser marking machine body 2 fixedly installed on the top surface of the processing table 1, and a laser emitting head 3 installed at one end of the laser marking machine body 2. A connecting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the laser emitting head 3, and a first protective mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting plate 4. The laser emitting head 3 is located inside the first protective mechanism 5, which protects the laser emitting head 3. A second protective mechanism 6 and a control panel 7 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the processing table 1. The control panel 7 is used to start and stop the laser marking machine. In case of failure, the second protective mechanism 6 protects the workpiece to be marked, avoiding material waste. An alarm 8 is installed on the control panel 7 to provide an alarm prompt in case of failure.

[0038] The first protective mechanism 5 includes a first outer shell 51 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting plate 4. A stop 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first outer shell 51 to block the bottom of the first outer shell 51. A second outer shell 53 is fixedly connected through the side wall of the first outer shell 51. A reflector 54 is fixedly connected to the top end of the stop 52 to reflect the scattered laser. A through hole 55 is opened at the center of the stop 52 and the reflector 54 to allow the normally emitted laser to pass through. A pressure component 56 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first outer shell 51. A heat conduction component 57 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressure component 56 to conduct the accumulated heat to the inside of the pressure component 56. A switching component 58 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the second outer shell 53 for switching when the lens fails. A snap-fit ​​component 59 is fixedly connected to one end of the laser emitter 3 inside the first outer shell 51 to position the switching component 58.

[0039] When the lens is damaged, causing the laser emitted by the laser emitter 3 to become unfocused and scatter, the scattered laser is reflected and focused by the reflector 54 with its curved surface structure. The reflected laser irradiates the heat-conducting component 57, which conducts heat to the inside of the pressure component 56, causing the gas inside to expand and trigger the alarm 8. The pressure of the gas causes the lens clip to disengage, and at the same time, the switching component 58 is activated to remove and replace the damaged lens, thereby preventing the scattered laser from causing damage to the workpiece and the personnel.

[0040] Some lasers with smaller deflection angles can still be emitted through the through hole 55. At this time, the second protective mechanism 6 is activated by gas pressure. By releasing the latch of the second protective mechanism 6, the components on the second protective mechanism 6 slide, blocking the laser from the workpiece and preventing damage to the workpiece, thus avoiding waste of materials.

[0041] The pressure assembly 56 includes a heat insulation block 561, which has an annular structure. An annular groove 5611 is formed on the top surface of the heat insulation block 561. A movable plate 562 is slidably connected inside the annular groove 5611. The bottom surface of the movable plate 562 is elastically connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the annular groove 5611 by multiple first springs 563. A first electrode plate 564 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the movable plate 562. A fixed plate 565 is fixedly connected to the top of the annular groove 5611. A second electrode plate 566 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed plate 565. When the first electrode plate 564 and the second electrode plate 566 are in stable contact, the alarm 8 is energized and sounds an alarm. A first pressure pipe 567 is symmetrically and fixedly connected through the side wall of the heat insulation block 561. A second pressure pipe 568 is fixedly connected through the bottom surface of the heat insulation block 561.

[0042] The heat-conducting component 57 includes a baffle ring 571 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the heat insulation block 561. The baffle ring 571 is an inverted frustum structure and is connected from top to bottom. Multiple heat-conducting plates 572 are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the baffle ring 571. The top ends of the multiple heat-conducting plates 572 penetrate through the bottom surface of the heat insulation block 561 and extend into the annular groove 5611. The reflected laser is blocked by the baffle ring 571, so it irradiates the baffle ring 571, causing the baffle ring 571 to absorb heat and rise in temperature. The heat is then conducted into the annular groove 5611 through the heat-conducting plates 572.

[0043] Specifically, when the laser emitted from the laser emitter 3 is not concentrated and causes scattering, the scattered laser light is reflected by the arc-shaped reflector 54 when it reaches the reflector 54. The reflected light rays all converge to a point. By setting a baffle ring 571 to block the reflected laser light before it converges, the laser light irradiates the outer surface of the baffle ring 571, causing it to absorb heat and rise in temperature. This prevents most of the scattered laser light from being emitted and causing harm to the workpiece and the workers. The heat conducted by the heat-conducting plate 572 causes the gas inside the annular groove 5611 to expand, pushing the movable plate 562 to slide upward. Finally, the first electrode plate 564 on the movable plate 562 makes stable contact with the second electrode plate 566 on the bottom surface of the fixed plate 565. At this time, the alarm 8 is activated to sound an alarm, indicating a fault inside the laser marking machine. At the same time, the laser emitter 3 is cut off to avoid further damage.

[0044] To address the technical problem of needing to stop the machine for repairs when lenses malfunction, thus reducing work efficiency, such as... Figures 8-11 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0045] The switching assembly 58 includes a rotary motor 581 fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner wall of the second outer shell 53. When the first electrode plate 564 contacts the second electrode plate 566, the rotary motor 581 is energized. The rotating shaft side wall of the rotary motor 581 is symmetrically provided with sliding grooves 5811. A crossbar 582 is slidably connected inside the two sliding grooves 5811. When the rotary motor 581 rotates, it can drive the crossbar 582 to rotate. Through the setting of the sliding grooves 5811, the crossbar 582 can move up and down along the rotating shaft of the rotary motor 581. Both ends of the crossbar 582 are fixedly connected with brackets 583. Each bracket 583 is fixedly installed with a lens body 584. By rotating the rotary motor 581, the lens body 584 installed at the laser emitter head 3 can be switched.

[0046] Each bracket 583 has a symmetrically arranged groove 5831 on its side wall. Each groove 5831 has a wedge block 5832 slidably connected inside it. The side wall of each wedge block 5832 is elastically connected to the inner cavity side wall of the groove 5831 by a second spring 5833. When the crossbar 582 drives the bracket 583 to rise, the inclined surface of the wedge block 5832 abuts against the snap-fit ​​assembly 59. After being squeezed, the wedge block 5832 slides into the groove 5831.

[0047] A first electromagnet 585 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top surface of the crossbar 582, and a second electromagnet 586 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the inner cavity of the second outer shell 53 at the position corresponding to the first electromagnet 585. When the first electromagnet 585 and the second electromagnet 586 are energized, they attract each other, thereby driving the crossbar 582 to slide upward along the slide groove 5811 for a certain distance.

[0048] The snap-fit ​​assembly 59 includes a snap-fit ​​ring 591 fixedly connected to the bottom of the laser emitter head 3. A snap-fit ​​groove 5911 is provided on the side wall of the snap-fit ​​ring 591 at the position corresponding to the wedge block 5832. The snap-fit ​​positioning of the bracket 583 can be achieved through the snap-fit ​​groove 5911 and the wedge block 5832. A disassembly module 592 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​ring 591. One end of each of the two first pressure tubes 567 is connected to the inside of the two disassembly modules 592. Through the action of gas pressure, the wedge block 5832 can be pushed out of the snap-fit ​​groove 5911, thereby releasing the snap-fit ​​and allowing the bracket 583 with the lens body 584 to be disengaged from the snap-fit ​​assembly 59.

[0049] The disassembly module 592 includes a sealing cover 5921 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the snap ring 591. The sealing cover 5921 is correspondingly disposed at the snap groove 5911. A push plate 5922 is slidably connected inside the sealing cover 5921. The side wall of the push plate 5922 is elastically connected to the inner cavity side wall of the sealing cover 5921 by a third spring 5923. Part of the gas pressure inside the pressure assembly 56 is transmitted to the inside of the sealing cover 5921 through the first pressure pipe 567 and pushes the push plate 5922 to slide.

[0050] Specifically, when the lens body 584 of the laser emitter 3 experiences wear and corrosion after prolonged use, causing the laser to become unfocused and scatter, the reflected light causes the gas inside the pressure assembly 56 to expand, increasing the pressure. Part of this pressure is transmitted through the first pressure pipe 567 to the inside of the sealing cover 5921, pushing the push plate 5922 to move. The push plate 5922 slides into the slot 5911 of the locking ring 591, pushing out the wedge-shaped block 5832 inside, thus releasing the restriction on the bracket 583. Under its own gravity, the crossbar 582 drives the bracket 583 to descend along the slide groove 5811, causing the bracket 583 to descend until it is flush with the bottom surface of the locking ring 591. At this time, the rotary motor 581 starts, causing the crossbar 582 and the bracket 583 to rotate 180°, thus removing the intact lens body 583 from the other side. The bracket 583 of the 4th section rotates to a position directly below the locking ring 591. Then, the first electromagnet 585 and the second electromagnet 586 are energized and attract each other. The crossbar 582 drives the bracket 583 to rise along the slide groove 5811. During this process, the wedge block 5832 on the bracket 583 abuts against the side wall of the locking ring 591. The wedge block 5832 is squeezed and slides into the groove 5831, compressing the second spring 5833. When it reaches the position of the slot 5911, the second spring 5833 releases its elastic force and locks the wedge block 5832 into the slot 5911. This enables the replacement of the lens body 584 and automatic disassembly and assembly. When one lens body 584 is not working properly, it can be switched to another working lens body 584 without immediate shutdown for maintenance, thus improving the working efficiency of the marking machine.

[0051] To address the technical problem of insufficient protective measures at the workpiece placement location, resulting in some laser beams still escaping after a laser head malfunction and damaging the workpiece surface, thus wasting material, such as... Figures 12-14 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0052] The second protective mechanism 6 includes a placement plate 61 fixedly connected to the top surface of the processing table 1. Slide rails 62 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top surface of the placement plate 61. The top surface of each slide rail 62 is a concave track. A sliding plate 63 is slidably connected to the top surfaces of both slide rails 62. A laser-absorbing resin layer 631 is provided on the top surface of the sliding plate 63. Two elastically embedded locking beads 632 are provided at the edge of the top surface of the sliding plate 63. Fourth springs 633 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the sliding plate 63. One end of each fourth spring 633 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the concave track on the top surface of the slide rail 62. A gantry 64 is fixedly connected to the side walls of both slide rails 62. Two locking beads 632 are provided on the top surface of the gantry 64 at positions corresponding to the two locking beads 632. The connector 641, through the cooperation of the locking hole 641 and the locking ball 632, positions the slide plate 63. The top surface of the gantry 64 is symmetrically slidably connected with a release module 642. The two release modules 642 are set between the two locking holes 641. Through the abutment of the release module 642 and the locking ball 632, the locking ball 632 is disengaged from the locking hole 641, thereby releasing the slide plate 63. The side wall of the gantry 64 located at the release module 642 is symmetrically fixedly connected with mounting blocks 65. The side walls of the two mounting blocks 65 are jointly fixedly connected with plunger cylinders 66. One end of the second pressure pipe 568 is connected to the inside of the plunger cylinder 66. The bottom end of the plunger cylinder 66 is slidably connected with a stop rod 67. The bottom end of the stop rod 67 is chamfered.

[0053] Each release module 642 includes a movable block 6421 slidably connected to the top surface of the gantry 64. A wedge plate 6422 is fixedly connected to the top surface of each movable block 6421. A semi-cylindrical magnet 6423 is fixedly connected to one end of each wedge plate 6422. The top surface of each semi-cylindrical magnet 6423 is provided with an inclined hole 6424 that matches the bottom end of the push rod 67. When the push rod 67 descends, it abuts against the inclined surface of the inclined hole 6424, pushing the two semi-cylindrical magnets 6423 to move to the sides respectively.

[0054] Specifically, during laser marking, the slide plate 63 is pushed to slide along the slide rail 62 and compress the fourth spring 633 until the locking bead 632 engages in the locking hole 641 to complete positioning. When the laser scatters, part of the pressure inside the pressure assembly 56 is transmitted to the plunger cylinder 66 through the second pressure pipe 568 and pushes the push rod 67 downward. At this time, the push rod 67 abuts against the top surfaces of the two combined semi-cylindrical magnets 6423. Since the top surfaces of the two semi-cylindrical magnets 6423 are each provided with oblique holes 6424 that match the bottom end of the push rod 67, the two semi-cylindrical magnets... Under the pressure of the push rod 67, 6423 moves away from each other, causing the moving block 6421 to drive the wedge plate 6422 to move synchronously. When the wedge plate 6422 moves, it abuts against the locking bead 632 on the same side, causing the locking bead 632 to disengage from the locking hole 641. At this time, the fourth spring 633 releases its elastic force to push the slide plate 63 above the placement plate 61, forming a barrier between the laser and the workpiece, preventing the workpiece from being irradiated by the laser that deviates from the marking path and thus being scrapped, reducing material waste. Furthermore, the laser emitted by the laser absorption resin layer 631 is absorbed, preventing it from being reflected again.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine, comprising a processing table (1), a laser marking machine body (2) fixedly installed on the top surface of the processing table (1), and a laser emitting head (3) installed at one end of the laser marking machine body (2), characterized in that: A connecting plate (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the laser emitter (3), and a first protective mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting plate (4). The laser emitter (3) is located inside the first protective mechanism (5). A second protective mechanism (6) and a control panel (7) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the processing table (1). An alarm (8) is installed on the control panel (7). The first protective mechanism (5) includes a first outer shell (51) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting plate (4), a stop (52) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first outer shell (51), a second outer shell (53) fixedly connected through the side wall of the first outer shell (51), a reflector (54) fixedly connected to the top end of the stop (52), a through hole (55) communicating between the center of the stop (52) and the reflector (54), a pressure component (56) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first outer shell (51), a heat conduction component (57) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressure component (56), a switching component (58) fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the second outer shell (53), and a snap-fit ​​component (59) fixedly connected to one end of the laser emitter (3) located inside the first outer shell (51); The pressure assembly (56) includes a heat insulation block (561), which has an annular structure. An annular groove (5611) is provided on the top surface of the heat insulation block (561). A movable plate (562) is slidably connected inside the annular groove (5611). The bottom surface of the movable plate (562) and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the annular groove (5611) are elastically connected by multiple first springs (563). A first electrode plate (564) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the movable plate (562). A fixed plate (565) is fixedly connected to the top of the annular groove (5611). A second electrode plate (566) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixed plate (565). A first pressure tube (567) is symmetrically and fixedly connected through the side wall of the heat insulation block (561). A second pressure tube (568) is fixedly connected through the bottom surface of the heat insulation block (561). The switching assembly (58) includes a rotary motor (581) fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner wall of the second outer shell (53). The rotary motor (581) has symmetrically provided grooves (5811) on the side wall of its rotating shaft. A crossbar (582) is slidably connected inside the two grooves (5811). A bracket (583) is fixedly connected to both ends of the crossbar (582). A lens body (584) is fixedly installed inside each bracket (583). The snap-fit ​​assembly (59) includes a snap-fit ​​ring (591) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the laser emitter head (3). A snap-fit ​​groove (5911) is provided on the side wall of the snap-fit ​​ring (591) corresponding to the position of the wedge block (5832). A disassembly module (592) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​ring (591). One end of each of the two first pressure tubes (567) is connected to the interior of the two disassembly modules (592).

2. The protective device for an automatic laser marking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting component (57) includes a retaining ring (571) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the heat insulation block (561). The retaining ring (571) is an inverted frustum structure and is connected vertically. Multiple heat-conducting sheets (572) are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the retaining ring (571).

3. A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each bracket (583) has a symmetrical groove (5831) on its side wall. Each groove (5831) has a wedge block (5832) slidably connected inside it. The side wall of each wedge block (5832) is elastically connected to the inner cavity side wall of the groove (5831) by a second spring (5833).

4. A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first electromagnet (585) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top surface of the crossbar (582), and a second electromagnet (586) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the inner cavity of the second outer shell (53) at the position corresponding to the first electromagnet (585).

5. A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The disassembly module (592) includes a sealing cover (5921) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the snap ring (591). The sealing cover (5921) is correspondingly disposed at the snap groove (5911). A push plate (5922) is slidably connected inside the sealing cover (5921). The side wall of the push plate (5922) and the inner cavity side wall of the sealing cover (5921) are elastically connected by a third spring (5923).

6. A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second protective mechanism (6) includes a placement plate (61) fixedly connected to the top surface of the processing table (1). Slide rails (62) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top surface of the placement plate (61). The top surface of the slide rails (62) is a concave track. A sliding plate (63) is slidably connected to the top surface of both slide rails (62). A laser-absorbing resin layer (631) is provided on the top surface of the sliding plate (63). Two elastically embedded beads (632) are provided at the edge of the top surface of the sliding plate (63). Fourth springs (633) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the sliding plate (63). One end of each fourth spring (633) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the concave track on the top surface of the slide rail (62). The side walls of the two slide rails (62) are... A gantry (64) is fixedly connected to the top of the gantry (64). Two locking holes (641) are opened on the top surface of the gantry (64) corresponding to the positions of the two locking beads (632). A release module (642) is symmetrically slidably connected to the top surface of the gantry (64). The two release modules (642) are arranged between the two locking holes (641). Mounting blocks (65) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side wall of the gantry (64) at the release module (642). A plunger cylinder (66) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the two mounting blocks (65). One end of the second pressure pipe (568) is connected to the inside of the plunger cylinder (66). A push rod (67) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the plunger cylinder (66). The bottom end of the push rod (67) is chamfered.

7. A protective device for an automatic laser marking machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the release modules (642) includes a movable block (6421) slidably connected to the top surface of the gantry (64). A wedge plate (6422) is fixedly connected to the top surface of each movable block (6421). A semi-cylindrical magnet (6423) is fixedly connected to one end of each wedge plate (6422). A slanted hole (6424) matching the bottom end of the push rod (67) is opened on the top surface of each semi-cylindrical magnet (6423).

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