A method for producing curbstone using phosphogypsum as main raw material and curbstone

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of industrial phosphogypsum recycling, and specifically discloses a method for producing curbstones using phosphogypsum as the main raw material, and a curbstone. The method includes setting a mold and using two hydraulic jacks to extrude and produce the curbstone. The mold includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate arranged vertically, wherein a pressing plate is hingedly connected to the second fixed plate, and the pressing plate is used to form a rigid connection with the first fixed plate after covering. The pressing plate is constructed with a top surface and an extrusion surface. The top surface is horizontal after the pressing plate and the first fixed plate are rigidly connected. The extrusion surface has an arc-shaped cross section. The extrusion surface is used to squeeze the curbstone material located between the first and second fixed plates during the pressing plate covering process. After the pressing plate is covered and rigidly connected to the first fixed plate, the first, second and pressing plates form a curbstone forming cavity with open ends. The production process of the present invention is simple, and combined with a dedicated mold, curbstone extrusion molding can be quickly achieved. The requirements for other auxiliary production equipment are relatively low, and the overall production support plate of the curbstone is relatively low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of phosphogypsum recycling, and in particular relates to a method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material and the curbstone. Background Art

[0002] The comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum is a global challenge, with most phosphogypsum disposal globally primarily occurring in stockpiles. Currently, some are proposing the use of phosphogypsum as an aggregate in projects such as municipal roads. Chinese invention patent publication number CN114956628BA describes a high-strength phosphogypsum-based recycled aggregate and its preparation method. This aggregate is prepared by mixing phosphogypsum, slag powder, cement clinker, steel slag powder, fly ash, silica fume, and residual pile slurry. The resulting mixture, after being treated with water, is fed into a ring die granulator, compacted using a ring die and rollers, and then subjected to carbonization curing and natural curing. The particle size of the recycled aggregate prepared by this invention is 3 to 28 mm. When the phosphogypsum content is less than 85%, the crushing index of the recycled aggregate prepared meets the standard for construction gravel, and can be widely used in the preparation of sponge city permeable bricks, wall blocks, and road water-stabilizing materials. When the phosphogypsum content is greater than or equal to 85%, the recycled aggregate prepared can be used for backfilling in goafs of various mining areas. The high-strength phosphogypsum-based recycled aggregate has good strength performance and can replace natural gravel, which is beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0003] However, the stock of phosphogypsum by-products is large, and the current annual output is still large. The resource cost and economic cost of landfill treatment are both high. The preparation of aggregates for use in engineering fields such as municipal roads cannot completely solve the problem of phosphogypsum stocks. Moreover, the technical requirements for its use as aggregate are high, and the actual application effect requires a long period of verification. Therefore, other reuse options still need to be considered. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as the main raw material and a curbstone. By using phosphogypsum as the raw material to produce the curbstone, the curbstone can be widely used in infrastructure projects such as municipal roads and rural roads. The technical requirements for raw material processing are low, the phosphogypsum content is large, and the effective reuse of the phosphogypsum can be achieved.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material, comprising:

[0006] A mold is provided, wherein the mold includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate arranged vertically, wherein a pressing plate is hinged on the second fixed plate, and the pressing plate is used to form a rigid connection with the first fixed plate after covering, and the pressing plate is constructed with a top surface and an extrusion surface, the top surface is horizontal after the pressing plate and the first fixed plate are rigidly connected, and the cross-section of the extrusion surface is in the shape of a circular arc, and the extrusion surface is used to extrude the curb stone material located between the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate during the covering process of the pressing plate, and after the pressing plate is covered and combined to form a rigid connection with the first fixed plate, the first fixed plate, the second fixed plate and the pressing plate form a curb stone forming cavity with openings at both ends;

[0007] A set of hydraulic jacks are horizontally arranged at both ends of the mold, and the two sets of hydraulic jacks are connected to an extrusion plate, the extrusion plate is configured to fit the curbstone forming cavity and can slide in the curbstone forming cavity;

[0008] The extrusion plates of the two sets of hydraulic jacks are respectively located inside the two ends of the curbstone forming cavity, the pressing plates are opened, and the curbstone raw materials containing phosphogypsum are poured into the curbstone receiving cavity;

[0009] Covering the pressing plate and connecting it to the first fixing plate;

[0010] The hydraulic jack is started to slide the extrusion plate in the curbstone receiving cavity and extrude the curbstone raw material until the curbstone is formed.

[0011] Preferably, when starting the hydraulic jack, there are two ways:

[0012] Method 1: Start one set of hydraulic jacks, keep the extrusion plates of the other set of hydraulic jacks in place, and use the extrusion plates of one set of hydraulic jacks to squeeze the curb into shape;

[0013] Method 2: Start two sets of hydraulic jacks at the same time, so that the extrusion plates of the two sets of hydraulic jacks squeeze toward each other to form the curb.

[0014] Preferably, one set of hydraulic jacks is positioned so that the distance between it and the proximal end of the curb accommodating cavity is not less than the length of the curb accommodating cavity. When the curb is formed, the pressure plate is opened and the two sets of hydraulic jacks are controlled to move in the same direction so that the curb is pushed out of the curb accommodating cavity by the hydraulic jacks.

[0015] Preferably, an angled plate is further provided at one end of the curbstone accommodating cavity, and the orthographic projection of the angled plate is adapted to the curbstone accommodating cavity, so that the angled plate can move in the curbstone accommodating cavity along with the extrusion plate, and the angled plate is constructed with a pushing surface and a forming surface, the pushing surface is used to abut against the extrusion plate, the forming surface is an inclined surface with a fixed angle, and the inclination direction of the inclined surface is along the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and the forming surface is used to make the end face of the formed curbstone be constructed into an inclined surface with the fixed angle.

[0016] Preferably, an angled plate is provided at both ends of the curbstone accommodating cavity.

[0017] Preferably, the inclination angle of the forming surface of the deflection plate is between 2° and 15°.

[0018] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned curbstone using phosphogypsum as the main raw material, which is prepared by using any of the above-mentioned methods for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as the main raw material.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as the main raw material and a curbstone, which can efficiently utilize industrial phosphogypsum. Since curbstones do not need to bear high loads compared to road pavements and have relatively low processing requirements, they can be mixed with a large proportion of industrial phosphogypsum, thereby improving the reuse efficiency of industrial phosphogypsum.

[0021] The present invention proposes a method for producing curbstones using phosphogypsum as the main raw material. The production process is simple and, combined with a special mold, the curbstone can be quickly extruded and formed. The requirements for other auxiliary production equipment are relatively low, and the overall production support plate of the curbstone is relatively low.

[0022] The mold used in the present invention can realize automatic production of curbstones with different end faces, so as to be suitable for installation on different road surfaces. During installation, there is no need to process the end faces again, which can improve the installation efficiency of the curbstones and simplify the installation steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extruded plate in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of an angled plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an angled plate in another embodiment of the present invention

[0030] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a curb stone prepared according to the present invention.

[0031] In the above drawings: 10, mold; 11, first fixed plate; 12, second fixed plate; 13, pressure plate; 14, top surface; 15, extrusion surface; 16, curbstone forming cavity; 17, pull buckle; 20, hydraulic jack; 21, extrusion plate; 30, bottom plate; 40, angled plate; 41, push surface; 42, forming surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following specific embodiments are only used to make the disclosure more thorough and comprehensive. The embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] At present, most of the curbstone production is done by mining the raw stone and then cutting it into standard curbstones, which has a high processing cost; some curbstones are also produced by pouring concrete, but the material cost is relatively high.

[0034] Based on the current situation that there is a great demand for the recycling of industrial phosphogypsum, the present invention proposes the following implementation methods to accelerate the recycling of phosphogypsum.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 5 This embodiment provides a method for producing curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material, comprising:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a mold 10 is provided, which is mounted on a base plate 30. The mold 10 includes a first fixing plate 11 and a second fixing plate 12 arranged vertically. The first fixing plate 11 is higher than the second fixing plate 12. A pressing plate 13 is hinged to the second fixing plate 12 through a plurality of reinforcing hinges. The pressing plate 13 is used to form a rigid connection with the first fixing plate 11 after covering. Figure 4As shown, it is preferred that an adaptive buckle or pull buckle 17 is installed on the pressing plate 13 and the first fixing plate 11, and the connection between the first fixing plate 11 and the pressing plate 13 is achieved by the buckle or pull buckle 17. The pressing plate 13 is constructed with a top surface 14 and an extrusion surface 15. The top surface 14 is horizontal after the pressing plate 13 and the first fixing plate 11 are rigidly connected. The cross section of the extrusion surface 15 is arc-shaped. The extrusion surface 15 is used to extrude the mixture between the first fixing plate 11 and the second fixing plate 12 during the covering process of the pressing plate 13. After the pressing plate 13 is covered and rigidly connected with the first fixing plate 11, the first fixing plate 11, the second fixing plate 12 and the pressing plate 13 form a curbstone forming cavity 16 with openings at both ends;

[0038] A set of hydraulic jacks 20 are horizontally provided at both ends of the mold 10, and two sets of hydraulic jacks 20 are connected to an extrusion plate 21, the extrusion plate 21 is configured to fit the curbstone forming cavity 16 and can slide within the curbstone forming cavity 16;

[0039] The extrusion plates 21 of the two sets of hydraulic jacks 20 are respectively located inside the two ends of the curbstone forming cavity 16, the pressing plates 13 are opened, and the curbstone raw materials containing phosphogypsum are poured into the curbstone receiving cavity 16;

[0040] Cover the pressing plate 13 and connect it to the first fixing plate 11 using a buckle or a draw buckle 17;

[0041] The hydraulic jack 20 is started to make the extrusion plate 21 slide in the curbstone receiving cavity 16 and extrude the curbstone raw material until the curbstone is formed.

[0042] Specifically, in the above embodiment, when starting the hydraulic jack, there are two ways:

[0043] Method 1: Start one set of hydraulic jacks 20, and keep the extrusion plates 21 of the other set of hydraulic jacks in place. Use the extrusion plates of one set of hydraulic jacks 20 to squeeze and shape the curb. This forming method is suitable for curbs with low strength requirements. Only one set of hydraulic jacks is used for extrusion. In this way, the pushing depth of the hydraulic jacks can be controlled to ensure that the length of the curb after forming is the same, so as to facilitate standardized transportation, installation and other subsequent operations.

[0044] Method 2: Simultaneously start two sets of hydraulic jacks 20 so that the extrusion plates 21 of the two sets of hydraulic jacks 20 squeeze each other to form the curb. This forming method is suitable for curbs with high strength requirements. The extrusion method at both ends can speed up the forming of the curb and quickly increase the strength during the pressure maintenance process of the hydraulic jacks.

[0045] After determining the specifications of the curb stone, the amount of curb stone raw material can be calculated. When loading, the same weight of curb stone raw material is poured into the mold each time. In this case, whether using unidirectional extrusion or bidirectional extrusion, the same specifications of curb stone can be obtained by controlling the same hydraulic power.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment is a method for producing curbstones using phosphogypsum as the main raw material. Figure 1 As shown, one set of hydraulic jacks is arranged so that the distance H between it and the proximal end of the curb accommodating cavity is not less than the length L of the curb accommodating cavity. After the curb is formed, the pressure plate 13 is opened and the two sets of hydraulic jacks 20 are controlled to move in the same direction so that the curb is pushed out of the curb accommodating cavity 16 by the hydraulic jacks, so that the formed curb can be quickly demolded.

[0048] During the demoulding process, the two hydraulic jacks 20 are controlled so that one hydraulic jack is lifted and the other hydraulic jack is returned. The extrusion plates of the two hydraulic jacks can still apply extrusion force to the formed curb at the same time, thereby ensuring the quality of the finished curb during the demoulding process and preventing quality defects such as damage to the end face and corner of the curb.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] This embodiment is a method for producing curbstones using phosphogypsum as the main raw material. Figure 1 and attached Figure 6 On the basis of Example 1 or Example 2, this embodiment further provides a deflection plate 40 at one end of the curb accommodating cavity 16. The orthographic projection of the deflection plate 40 is adapted to the curb accommodating cavity 16, so that the deflection plate 40 can move within the curb accommodating cavity 16 along with the extrusion plate 21. The deflection plate 40 is constructed with a push surface 41 and a forming surface 42. The push surface 41 is used to abut against the extrusion plate 21, and the forming surface 42 is an inclined surface with a fixed angle, such as Figure 6 As shown, the inclined direction of the inclined surface is along the horizontal direction, and the forming surface 42 is used to configure the end face of the formed curbstone into an inclined surface with the fixed angle. This embodiment is suitable for municipal roads or curbstones mainly installed in the horizontal plane.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, the forming surface 42 is an inclined surface with a fixed angle, and the inclination direction of the inclined surface is along the vertical direction. This situation is suitable for installation environments with changes in elevation. For example, in rural roads, the road surface may be a winding mountain road. Therefore, the curb is not installed in the horizontal plane and there are elevation changes. When turning is required, the curb processed by this embodiment does not need to be cut on the end face.

[0052] Conventional curbstones, after being processed, require cutting of their end faces to achieve optimal installation quality and quality when installed at road curves. However, this on-site cutting is difficult and expensive. In this embodiment, a deflection plate is provided at each end of the curbstone housing, and the two deflection plates have the same inclination angle. This processing method allows the curbstone to be installed directly when the road curves within the horizontal plane, eliminating the need for further end-face processing.

[0053] In order to meet the requirements of turning angles in different construction scenarios, the inclination angle of the forming surface of the deflection plate in the present invention is set to between 2° and 15°. For example, for a road surface with a large turning radius, the inclination angle can be set to 2°, 3°, 4°, 5° or 6°. For a road surface with a small turning radius, the inclination angle can be set to an angle between 6° and 15°. The inclination angle is determined according to the construction environment conditions.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] This embodiment provides a curbstone produced using the methods of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, or Embodiment 3. It is understood that the curbstones produced according to the different embodiments described above have different end faces. For example, the curbstone produced using Embodiment 1 is generally standard in form, with both end faces perpendicular to the length direction, and can be used for the construction of straight road sections. The curbstone produced using Embodiment 2 can be quickly demolded using a hydraulic jack, and two extrusion plates can be used to maintain the molded state of the curbstone during the demolding process to prevent quality defects. The curbstone produced using Embodiment 3 may have both end faces at a small angle to the length direction of the curbstone, which is suitable for the installation of curbstones on curved sections.

[0056] It should be noted that the main concept of this invention is to use a dedicated mold to produce curbstones. The raw materials for the curbstones are formulated based on project requirements, using phosphogypsum as the primary raw material. However, it should be understood that the preparation of aggregate from phosphogypsum for road construction requires high technical requirements, such as compressive strength. However, the compressive strength of curbstones is far below the requirements for road pavement construction. Therefore, in this invention, the use of phosphogypsum as the primary raw material for curbstone production is foreseeable. A separate application will be filed for possible raw material ratios once research is complete.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention are merely examples and preferred technical solutions and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for producing curbstones using phosphogypsum as the main raw material, characterized in that: include: A mold is provided, wherein the mold includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate arranged vertically, wherein a pressing plate is hinged on the second fixed plate, and the pressing plate is used to form a rigid connection with the first fixed plate after covering, and the pressing plate is constructed with a top surface and an extrusion surface, the top surface is horizontal after the pressing plate and the first fixed plate are rigidly connected, and the cross-section of the extrusion surface is in the shape of a circular arc, and the extrusion surface is used to extrude the curb stone material located between the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate during the covering process of the pressing plate, and after the pressing plate is covered and combined to form a rigid connection with the first fixed plate, the first fixed plate, the second fixed plate and the pressing plate form a curb stone forming cavity with openings at both ends; A set of hydraulic jacks are horizontally arranged at both ends of the mold, and the two sets of hydraulic jacks are connected to an extrusion plate, the extrusion plate is configured to fit the curbstone forming cavity and can slide in the curbstone forming cavity; The extrusion plates of the two sets of hydraulic jacks are respectively located inside the two ends of the curbstone forming cavity, the pressing plates are opened, and the curbstone raw materials containing phosphogypsum are poured into the curbstone receiving cavity; Covering the pressing plate and connecting it to the first fixing plate; The hydraulic jack is started to slide the extrusion plate in the curbstone receiving cavity and extrude the curbstone raw material until the curbstone is formed.

2. The method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two ways to start the hydraulic jack: Method 1: Start one set of hydraulic jacks, keep the extrusion plates of the other set of hydraulic jacks in place, and use the extrusion plates of one set of hydraulic jacks to squeeze the curb into shape; Method 2: Start two sets of hydraulic jacks at the same time, so that the extrusion plates of the two sets of hydraulic jacks squeeze toward each other to form the curb.

3. The method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: One set of hydraulic jacks is set in a position so that the distance between it and the proximal end of the curb accommodating cavity is not less than the length of the curb accommodating cavity. When the curb is formed, the pressure plate is opened and the two sets of hydraulic jacks are controlled to move in the same direction so that the curb is pushed out of the curb accommodating cavity by the hydraulic jacks.

4. The method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A deflection plate is also provided at one end of the curbstone accommodating cavity, and the orthographic projection of the deflection plate is adapted to the curbstone accommodating cavity, so that the deflection plate can move in the curbstone accommodating cavity along with the extrusion plate. The deflection plate is constructed with a pushing surface and a forming surface, and the pushing surface is used to abut against the extrusion plate, and the forming surface is an inclined surface with a fixed angle, and the inclination direction of the inclined surface is along the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. The forming surface is used to make the end face of the formed curbstone be constructed into an inclined surface with the fixed angle.

5. The method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material according to claim 4, characterized in that: An angled plate is provided at both ends of the curbstone accommodating cavity.

6. The method for producing a curbstone using phosphogypsum as a main raw material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the forming surface of the angled plate is between 2° and 15°.

7. A curbstone made of phosphogypsum as the main raw material, characterized in that: The kerbstone is produced by the method for producing phosphogypsum as the main raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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