Electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for harvesting machinery

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of harvesting machinery, and in particular to an electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for harvesting machinery. The present invention comprises a gearbox body, and an electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is integrated on the top of the gearbox body; the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is a three-dimensional structure, including an electric gear selection mechanism and a load-reducing solenoid valve longitudinally installed side by side on the surface of the gearbox body, and an electric gear selection mechanism transversely and vertically installed above the electric gear selection mechanism; a proximity switch is installed on the side of the electric gear selection mechanism; the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is connected to a gear shift button in a driver's cab through a controller. The present invention improves the structure of the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism, provides a more compact three-dimensional structure, realizes one-button electric gear shifting of harvesting machinery, and improves working efficiency and driving comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of harvesting machinery, and in particular to an electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machinery. Background Art

[0002] Traditional harvesting machinery generally relies on manual shifting mechanisms. This operating mode is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also reduces operating efficiency and significantly affects the driver's comfort. With the continuous advancement of electrification and intelligent technology in the field of agricultural equipment, the development of efficient and convenient electric shifting mechanisms has become a key trend in promoting the performance upgrade of agricultural machinery. In this context, technicians in this field are committed to solving the limitations of existing manual shifting mechanisms. One of the representative achievements is the tractor combined mechanical transmission automatic shifting device and system disclosed in Chinese patent CN112815081A. This patent focuses on the automatic shifting control of mechanical transmissions through the combination of electronic control technology and DC brushed motors, marking an important step towards automated shifting.

[0003] However, although the above technical solution has achieved initial results in the field of automatic shifting, there is still room for improvement. Specifically, its structural design is still loose and fails to achieve ideal compactness, which limits the optimization of the overall layout. In addition, the solution is still insufficient in achieving the convenience of one-button electric shifting, and the success rate of one-button shifting needs to be improved to better meet the urgent needs of agricultural production for efficient and accurate shifting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine comprises a gearbox body, wherein the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is integrated on the top of the gearbox body; the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is a three-dimensional structure, comprising an electric gear shifting mechanism and a load-unloading electromagnetic valve longitudinally installed side by side on the surface of the gearbox body, and an electric gear selection mechanism transversely and vertically installed above the electric gear shifting mechanism; a proximity switch is installed on the side of the electric gear shifting mechanism;

[0007] The electric shift mechanism is connected to the shift button in the driver's cab through the controller; when the shift button is pressed, the shift command is transmitted to the unloading solenoid valve through the controller, and the unloading solenoid valve controls the pressure of the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor to be the same; the controller controls the electric shift mechanism and the electric shift mechanism to run to the neutral position, and pushes the gearbox body to the corresponding gear; when the proximity switch detects the corresponding gear, it feeds back to the controller and lights up the indicator light of the proximity switch.

[0008] This technical solution improves the structure of the electric shifting mechanism, provides a more compact three-dimensional structure, realizes one-touch electric shifting of harvesting machinery, and improves work efficiency and driving comfort. Specifically, the electric shifting mechanism is used to switch specific gears under a given gear selection position; and the electric gear selection mechanism is responsible for selecting between different gear areas; the longitudinally arranged electric shifting mechanism and unloading solenoid valve are convenient for direct connection with the gearbox body, while the transversely arranged electric gear selection mechanism is more convenient for selecting gears in different gear areas; during the gear shifting process, the unloading solenoid valve controls the pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor to be the same, thereby realizing the unloading or balancing of the hydraulic system, creating no-load or low-load conditions for the gear shifting operation, and reducing the gear shifting shock and wear. When the driver presses the shift button, the controller receives the instruction and first balances the hydraulic system by controlling the unloading solenoid valve, then controls the electric shift mechanism and the electric gear selector mechanism to move to the neutral position according to the preset trajectory and prepare to enter the new gear; during the gear shifting process, the electric shift mechanism controls the switching of the transmission mechanism inside the gearbox, while the electric gear selector mechanism ensures that the shift mechanism can accurately stay in the correct gear area; the proximity switch continuously detects the gear position, and once it detects that the gear is in place, it sends a feedback signal to the controller and lights up the indicator light to complete the entire gear shifting process.

[0009] In addition, the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for the harvesting machine according to the present invention also has the following additional technical features:

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a shift fork shaft I and a shift fork shaft II cooperating with the electric shift mechanism are arranged in the cavity of the gearbox body, wherein:

[0011] The bottom of the fork shaft I is connected with a shift fork I, and the shift fork I is used to control the gear position of the first gear and the second gear;

[0012] The bottom of the fork shaft II is connected with a shift fork II, and the shift fork II is used to control the gear position of the third gear and the fourth gear.

[0013] In this technical solution, the gearbox achieves different transmission ratios through different gear combinations, thereby changing the speed and torque output of the vehicle; the meshing state of the gears is changed by rotating the shift fork I and the shift fork II, thereby achieving gear switching; the shift fork connected to the bottom of each fork shaft is responsible for controlling a specific set of gears, the shift fork I controls the switching between the first gear and the second gear, and the shift fork II controls the switching between the third gear and the fourth gear.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electric shift mechanism includes a shift stepper motor and a shift screw. The shift stepper motor is arranged on the side of the support seat through a shift bearing and is fixed by a shift nut. The shift screw is connected to the shift stepper motor and passes longitudinally through the interior of the support seat. A shift sleeve is arranged between the shift screw and the support seat.

[0015] In the present technical solution, the shift bearing is arranged between the shift stepper motor and the support seat, and is used for maintaining a stable axial position of the shift stepper motor during rotation, while reducing friction and wear; the shift nut is used to fix the shift stepper motor on the support seat, ensuring that the shift stepper motor will not loosen or shift during operation; the shift shaft sleeve is arranged between the shift screw and the support seat, and plays a guiding and lubricating role; when shifting is required, the controller sends an instruction to the shift stepper motor, and the motor rotates a certain angle according to the instruction, which is converted into linear motion by the shift screw, pushing the shift fork connected to the shift screw to move; the movement of the shift fork will change the meshing state of the gears inside the gearbox, thereby realizing the switching of gears.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a shift head is installed on the shift screw, and the shift head passes downward through the support seat and cooperates with the grooves on the shift fork shaft I and the shift fork shaft II; the shift stepper motor controls the position of the shift head by driving the shift screw forward and reverse, thereby controlling the shift fork shaft I and the shift fork shaft II to reach the corresponding gear position.

[0017] In the present technical solution, the shift screw converts the rotational motion of the shift stepper motor into linear motion, thereby driving the shift head to move together; the shift head is an intermediate piece connecting the shift screw and the fork shaft, and the shift head can push the fork shaft I and the fork shaft II when moving, thereby controlling the meshing state of the gears inside the gearbox; the grooves on the fork shaft I and the fork shaft II are for matching with the shift head; when the shift head moves to a specific position, it contacts the groove, thereby pushing the fork shaft I and the fork shaft II to reach the corresponding gear position; once the fork shaft reaches the correct position, the gears inside the gearbox will mesh or disengage accordingly, thereby achieving gear switching.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electric gear selection mechanism includes a gear selection stepper motor and a gear selection screw. The gear selection stepper motor is arranged on the side of the support seat through the gear selection bearing. The gear selection screw is connected to the gear selection stepper motor and is laterally arranged on the top of the support seat and is fixed by a gear selection nut.

[0019] In this technical solution, the gear selection screw converts the rotational motion of the stepper motor into linear motion; the gear selection bearing is arranged between the gear selection stepper motor and the support seat to maintain a stable axial position during rotation while reducing friction and wear; the gear selection nut is used to fix the gear selection screw on the support seat.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a shift selector block is installed on the shift selector screw, and the shift selector block passes downward through the support seat and cooperates with the protrusion on the shift selector head; the shift selector stepper motor controls the direction and position of the shift selector head by driving the shift selector screw to rotate forward and reverse.

[0021] In this technical solution, the rotation of the gear selection screw causes the gear selection block installed on it to move along the axial direction of the screw. This movement is converted into precise control of the direction and position of the gear shift head through the cooperation between the gear selection block and the protrusion on the gear shift head. As the position of the gear selection block changes, the gear shift head is pushed to different positions, thereby realizing the gear shifting operation of the gearbox or other gear shifting mechanism. The stepper motor has the advantages of small step angle, high positioning accuracy, simple control, etc., and is very suitable for occasions requiring precise control.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shift stepper motor and the gear selection stepper motor both adopt stepper motors. The controller controls the number of revolutions of the stepper motor by giving it a certain pulse signal. The number of revolutions multiplied by the pitch of the lead screw is the moving distance of the shift knob / selection knob.

[0023] In this technical solution, the stepper motor is an open-loop control element that converts an electrical pulse signal into angular displacement or linear displacement. Whenever the controller sends a pulse signal to the stepper motor, the stepper motor will rotate a fixed angle in the set direction. This angle is called the "step angle". The speed of the stepper motor is controlled by controlling the frequency of the pulse signal; the total rotation angle of the stepper motor is controlled by controlling the number of pulse signals, thereby achieving precise control of the screw position.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the unloading solenoid valve is connected to the pressure driving mechanism. After receiving the control instruction, the unloading solenoid valve controls the oil pressure to activate the pressure driving mechanism, thereby instantly making the pressures at ports A and B of the quantitative motor consistent.

[0025] In this technical solution, as the flow direction of the hydraulic oil changes, the oil pressure originally acting on the A and B ports of the quantitative motor begins to decrease. Due to the action of the unloading solenoid valve, the oil pressure of these two ports begins to decrease almost at the same time, and due to the characteristics of the hydraulic system, the oil pressure of these two ports will quickly converge; when the oil pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor reaches the same, the pressure difference inside the quantitative motor disappears, thereby achieving pressure balance.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the proximity switch includes a proximity sensor and an indicator light. The proximity sensor is installed on the side wall of the support seat and extends into the shift knob to detect the shift position of the shift knob. When the shift knob reaches the gear position, the corresponding indicator light turns on. When the shift knob is in the neutral position, the indicator light turns off.

[0027] In the present technical solution, common proximity sensors include inductive, capacitive, Hall effect, etc. When the proximity sensor detects that the shift knob reaches the gear position, it will output a high or low level signal, and the controller will control the on and off of the indicator light according to the received signal; if there are multiple gears, multiple indicator lights and corresponding control circuits are required to represent different gear positions respectively.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shift button realizes one-touch electric shifting of the electric shifting mechanism through the controller, and even when the engagement sleeve is not aligned, the gear can be shifted smoothly, and the one-touch electric shifting success rate is high.

[0029] In this technical solution, the one-touch electric shift system supports three to four gears, and the shift can be completed by just touching the button; through the synchronous control of the electric and unloading solenoid valves, the quantitative motor pressure is quickly balanced to achieve smooth shifting when the non-meshing sleeve is facing; its high success rate ensures that each operation is accurate; the system is flexible and can adjust the shift parameters such as time, interval, etc. according to user needs, and supports cab monitoring upgrades; after the shift is completed, instant feedback is given to the shift button to confirm that it is in place; the CAN bus is used to share the shift and machine information, display the gear position and vehicle speed, and intelligently match the shift timing; driving protection is set to prevent accidental shifting to ensure safety; in an emergency, the manual mode can quickly switch to neutral and various gears.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) Improve the structure of the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism, provide a more compact three-dimensional structure, realize one-touch electric gear shifting of harvesting machinery, and improve working efficiency and driving comfort.

[0032] (2) During the shifting process, the unloading solenoid valve controls the pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor to be the same, thereby achieving unloading or balancing of the hydraulic system;

[0033] (3) During the gear shifting process, the electric shift mechanism controls the switching of the transmission mechanism inside the gearbox, while the electric gear selector ensures that the gear shift mechanism can accurately stay in the correct gear range;

[0034] (4) The proximity switch continuously detects the gear position. Once it detects that the gear is in place, it sends a feedback signal to the controller and lights up the indicator light to complete the entire gear shifting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural connection diagram of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3It is one of the structural diagrams of the gearbox body.

[0038] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of the gearbox body.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electric shift mechanism.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the electric gear selection mechanism.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the unloading solenoid valve.

[0042] Figure 8 It is the electrical connection diagram of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 1. gearbox body; 11. shift fork shaft Ⅰ; 12. shift fork Ⅰ; 13. shift fork shaft Ⅱ; 14. shift fork Ⅱ; 2. electric shift mechanism; 21. shift stepper motor; 22. shift bearing; 23. shift screw; 24. shift nut; 25. support seat; 26. shift shaft sleeve; 27. shift dial head; 3. electric gear selection mechanism; 31. gear selection stepper motor; 32. gear selection bearing; 33. gear selection screw; 34. gear selection block; 35. gear selection nut; 4. unloading solenoid valve; 5. proximity switch; 6. controller; 7. shift button; 8. quantitative motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine, comprising a gearbox body 1, with an electric gear selection and shifting mechanism integrated on the top of the gearbox body 1; the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is a three-dimensional structure, comprising an electric gear shifting mechanism 2 and a load-unloading solenoid valve 4 longitudinally installed side by side on the surface of the gearbox body 1, and an electric gear selection mechanism 3 transversely and vertically installed above the electric gear shifting mechanism 2; a proximity switch 5 is installed on the side of the electric gear shifting mechanism 2;

[0047] The electric shift mechanism is connected to the shift button 7 in the driver's cab through the controller 6; when the shift button 7 is pressed, the shift command is transmitted to the unloading solenoid valve 4 through the controller 6, and the unloading solenoid valve 4 controls the pressure of the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor 8 to be the same; the controller 6 controls the electric shift mechanism 2 and the electric shift mechanism 3 to run to the neutral position, and pushes the gearbox body 1 to reach the corresponding gear position; when the proximity switch 5 detects the corresponding gear position, it feeds back to the controller 6 and lights up the indicator light of the proximity switch 5.

[0048] This technical solution improves the structure of the electric shifting mechanism, provides a more compact three-dimensional structure, realizes one-touch electric shifting of harvesting machinery, and improves work efficiency and driving comfort. Specifically, the electric shifting mechanism 2 is used to switch specific gears at a given gear selection position; and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 is responsible for selecting between different gear areas; the longitudinally arranged electric shifting mechanism 2 and the unloading solenoid valve 4 are convenient for direct connection with the gearbox body 1, while the transversely arranged electric gear selection mechanism 3 is more convenient for selecting gears in different gear areas; during the gear shifting process, the unloading solenoid valve 4 controls the pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor 8 to be the same, thereby realizing the unloading or balancing of the hydraulic system, creating no-load or low-load conditions for the gear shifting operation, and reducing the gear shifting shock and wear. When the driver presses the shift button 7, the controller 6 receives the instruction and firstly realizes the balance of the hydraulic system by controlling the unloading solenoid valve 4, and then controls the electric shift mechanism 2 and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 to move to the neutral position according to the preset trajectory and prepare to enter the new gear; during the gear shifting process, the electric shift mechanism 2 controls the switching of the transmission mechanism inside the gearbox, and the electric gear selection mechanism 3 ensures that the shift mechanism can accurately stay in the correct gear area; the proximity switch 5 continuously detects the gear position, and once it detects that the gear is in place, it sends a feedback signal to the controller 6 and lights up the indicator light to complete the entire gear shifting process.

[0049] In addition, the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for the harvesting machine according to the present invention also has the following additional technical features:

[0050] like Figure 3 to Figure 4 As shown, the cavity of the gearbox body 1 is provided with a shift fork shaft Ⅰ11 and a shift fork shaft Ⅱ13 which cooperate with the electric shift mechanism 2, wherein:

[0051] The bottom of the fork shaft Ⅰ11 is connected with a shift fork Ⅰ12, and the shift fork Ⅰ12 is used to control the gear position of the first gear and the second gear;

[0052] The bottom of the fork shaft II 13 is connected with a shift fork II 14 , and the shift fork II 14 is used to control the gear position of the third gear and the fourth gear.

[0053] In the present technical solution, the gearbox realizes different transmission ratios through different gear combinations, thereby changing the speed and torque output of the vehicle; the meshing state of the gears is changed by rotating the shift fork I12 and the shift fork II14, thereby realizing the switching of gears; the shift fork connected to the bottom of each fork shaft is responsible for controlling a specific set of gears, the shift fork I12 controls the switching between the first gear and the second gear, and the shift fork II14 controls the switching between the third gear and the fourth gear.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the electric shift mechanism 2 includes a shift stepper motor 21 and a shift screw 23. The shift stepper motor 21 is arranged on the side of the support seat 25 through a shift bearing 22 and is fixed by a shift nut 24. The shift screw 23 is connected to the shift stepper motor 21 and passes longitudinally through the inside of the support seat 25. A shift shaft sleeve 26 is arranged between the shift screw 23 and the support seat 25.

[0055] In the present technical solution, the shift bearing 22 is arranged between the shift stepper motor 21 and the support seat 25, and is used for the shift stepper motor 21 to maintain a stable axial position during rotation, while reducing friction and wear; the shift nut 24 is used to fix the shift stepper motor 21 on the support seat 25, to ensure that the shift stepper motor 21 will not loosen or shift during operation; the shift shaft sleeve 26 is arranged between the shift screw 23 and the support seat 25, and plays a guiding and lubricating role; when shifting is required, the controller 6 sends an instruction to the shift stepper motor 21, and the motor rotates a certain angle according to the instruction, which is converted into linear motion by the shift screw 23, pushing the shift fork connected to the shift screw 23 to move; the movement of the shift fork will change the meshing state of the gears inside the gearbox, thereby realizing the switching of gears.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a shift head 27 is installed on the shift screw 23, and the shift head 27 passes downward through the support seat 25 and cooperates with the grooves on the fork shaft I11 and the fork shaft II13; the shift stepper motor 21 controls the position of the shift head 27 by driving the shift screw 23 forward and reverse, thereby controlling the fork shaft I11 and the fork shaft II13 to reach the corresponding gear position.

[0057] In the present technical solution, the shift screw 23 converts the rotational motion of the shift stepper motor 21 into linear motion, thereby driving the shift head 27 to move together; the shift head 27 is an intermediate piece connecting the shift screw 23 and the fork shaft, and the shift head 27 can push the fork shaft I11 and the fork shaft II13 when moving, thereby controlling the meshing state of the gears inside the gearbox; the grooves on the fork shaft I11 and the fork shaft II13 are for matching with the shift head 27; when the shift head 27 moves to a specific position, it contacts the grooves, thereby pushing the fork shaft I11 and the fork shaft II13 to reach the corresponding gear position; once the fork shaft reaches the correct position, the gears inside the gearbox will mesh or disengage accordingly, thereby realizing the gear switching.

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, the electric gear selection mechanism 3 includes a gear selection stepper motor 31 and a gear selection screw 33. The gear selection stepper motor 31 is arranged on the side of the support seat 25 through a gear selection bearing 32. The gear selection screw 33 is connected to the gear selection stepper motor 31 and is laterally arranged on the top of the support seat 25 and is fixed by a gear selection nut 35.

[0059] In this technical solution, the gear selection screw 33 converts the rotational motion of the stepper motor into linear motion; the gear selection bearing 32 is arranged between the gear selection stepper motor 31 and the support seat 25 to maintain a stable axial position during rotation while reducing friction and wear; the gear selection nut 35 is used to fix the gear selection screw 33 on the support seat 25.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a gear selection block 34 is installed on the gear selection screw 33, and the gear selection block 34 passes downward through the support seat 25 and cooperates with the protrusion on the gear shift head 27; the gear selection stepping motor 31 controls the direction and position of the gear selection head by driving the gear selection screw 33 to rotate forward and reverse.

[0061] In the present technical solution, the rotation of the gear selection screw 33 causes the gear selection block 34 mounted thereon to move along the axial direction of the screw. This movement is converted into precise control of the direction and position of the gear shift head 27 through the cooperation between the gear selection block 34 and the protrusion on the gear shift head 27. As the position of the gear selection block 34 changes, the gear shift head 27 is pushed to different positions, thereby realizing the gear shifting operation of the gearbox or other gear shifting mechanism. The stepper motor has the advantages of small step angle, high positioning accuracy, simple control, etc., and is very suitable for occasions requiring precise control.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shift stepper motor 21 and the gear selection stepper motor 31 both adopt stepper motors. The controller 6 controls the number of revolutions of the stepper motor by giving the stepper motor a certain pulse signal. The number of revolutions multiplied by the pitch of the lead screw is the moving distance of the shift dial head 27 / gear selection dial block 34.

[0063] In the present technical solution, the stepper motor is an open-loop control element that converts an electrical pulse signal into angular displacement or linear displacement. Whenever the controller 6 sends a pulse signal to the stepper motor, the stepper motor will rotate a fixed angle in the set direction. This angle is called the "step angle". The speed of the stepper motor is controlled by controlling the frequency of the pulse signal; the total rotation angle of the stepper motor is controlled by controlling the number of pulse signals, thereby achieving precise control of the screw position.

[0064] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the unloading solenoid valve 4 is connected to the pressure driving mechanism. After receiving the control instruction, the unloading solenoid valve 4 controls the oil pressure to activate the pressure driving mechanism, thereby instantly making the pressures at the A and B ports of the quantitative motor consistent.

[0065] In this technical solution, as the flow direction of the hydraulic oil changes, the oil pressure originally acting on the A and B ports of the quantitative motor begins to decrease. Due to the action of the unloading solenoid valve 4, the oil pressure of these two ports begins to decrease almost at the same time, and due to the characteristics of the hydraulic system, the oil pressure of these two ports will quickly converge; when the oil pressure of the A and B ports of the quantitative motor reaches the same, the pressure difference inside the quantitative motor disappears, thereby achieving pressure balance.

[0066] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the proximity switch 5 includes a proximity sensor and an indicator light. The proximity sensor is installed on the side wall of the support base 25 and extends into the shift knob 27 to detect the shift position of the shift knob 27. When the shift knob 27 reaches the gear position, the corresponding indicator light is on; when the shift knob 27 is in the neutral position, the indicator light is off.

[0067] In the present technical solution, common proximity sensors include inductive, capacitive, Hall effect, etc. When the proximity sensor detects that the shift knob 27 reaches the gear position, it will output a high level or low level signal, and the controller 6 controls the on and off of the indicator light according to the received signal; there are multiple gears, and multiple indicator lights and corresponding control circuits are required to represent different gear positions respectively.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shift button 7 realizes one-touch electric shifting of the electric shifting mechanism through the controller 6, and even when the engagement sleeve is not aligned, the gear can be shifted smoothly, and the one-touch electric shifting success rate is high.

[0069] In this technical solution, the one-touch electric shift system supports three to four gears, and the shift can be completed by just touching the button; through the synchronous control of the electric and unloading solenoid valves 4, the quantitative motor pressure is quickly balanced to achieve smooth shifting under the non-meshing sleeve; its high success rate ensures that each operation is accurate; the system is flexible and can adjust the shift parameters such as time, interval, etc. according to user needs, and supports the cab monitoring upgrade; after the shift is completed, instant feedback is given to the shift button 7 to confirm that it is in place; the CAN bus is used to share the shift and machine information, display the gear position and vehicle speed, and intelligently match the shift timing; a driving protection is set to prevent accidental shifting to ensure safety; in an emergency, the manual mode can quickly switch to neutral and various gears.

[0070] Although the present invention is described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gearbox body (1), wherein an electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is integrated on the top of the gearbox body (1); the electric gear selection and shifting mechanism is a three-dimensional structure, comprising an electric gear shifting mechanism (2) and a load-relief solenoid valve (4) longitudinally mounted side by side on the surface of the gearbox body (1), and an electric gear selection mechanism (3) transversely and vertically mounted above the electric gear shifting mechanism (2); a proximity switch (5) is mounted on the side of the electric gear shifting mechanism (2); The electric shifting mechanism is connected to a shift button (7) in the driver's cab through a controller (6); when the shift button (7) is pressed, a shifting instruction is transmitted to the unloading solenoid valve (4) through the controller (6); the unloading solenoid valve (4) controls the pressures of the A port and the B port of the quantitative motor (8) to be the same; the controller (6) controls the electric shifting mechanism (2) and the electric shifting mechanism (3) to run to the neutral position, and pushes the gearbox body (1) to reach the corresponding gear position; when the proximity switch (5) detects the corresponding gear position, it feeds back to the controller (6), and lights up the indicator light of the proximity switch (5); The shift button (7) realizes one-touch electric shifting of the electric shifting mechanism through the controller (6), and even when the engagement sleeve is not aligned, the gear can be shifted smoothly, and the one-touch electric shifting success rate is high; The unloading solenoid valve (4) is connected to the pressure drive mechanism. After receiving the control instruction, the unloading solenoid valve (4) controls the oil pressure to activate the pressure drive mechanism, thereby instantly making the pressures at the A and B ports of the quantitative motor consistent.

2. The electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shift fork shaft I (11) and a shift fork shaft II (13) for cooperating with the electric shift mechanism (2) are arranged in the cavity of the gearbox body (1), wherein: The bottom of the shift fork shaft Ⅰ (11) is connected with a shift fork Ⅰ (12), and the shift fork Ⅰ (12) is used to control the gear position of the first gear and the second gear; The bottom of the shift fork shaft II (13) is connected with a shift fork II (14), and the shift fork II (14) is used to control the gear position of the third gear and the fourth gear.

3. The electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric gear shift mechanism (2) comprises a gear shift stepper motor (21) and a gear shift lead screw (23); the gear shift stepper motor (21) is arranged on the side of a support seat (25) via a gear shift bearing (22) and is fixed via a gear shift nut (24); the gear shift lead screw (23) is connected to the gear shift stepper motor (21) and passes longitudinally through the interior of the support seat (25); a gear shift shaft sleeve (26) is arranged between the gear shift lead screw (23) and the support seat (25).

4. The electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The shift screw (23) is provided with a shift head (27), which passes downward through a support seat (25) and matches with grooves on the shift fork shaft I (11) and the shift fork shaft II (13); the shift stepping motor (21) controls the position of the shift head (27) by driving the shift screw (23) to rotate forward and reverse, thereby controlling the shift fork shaft I (11) and the shift fork shaft II (13) to reach corresponding gear positions.

5. The electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The electric gear selection mechanism (3) comprises a gear selection stepping motor (31) and a gear selection lead screw (33); the gear selection stepping motor (31) is arranged on the side of the support seat (25) through a gear selection bearing (32); the gear selection lead screw (33) is connected to the gear selection stepping motor (31) and is transversely arranged on the top of the support seat (25) and is fixed by a gear selection nut (35).

6. The electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The gear selection screw (33) is provided with a gear selection block (34), which passes downward through the support seat (25) and cooperates with a protrusion on the gear shifting head (27); the gear selection stepping motor (31) controls the direction and position of the gear shifting head (27) by driving the gear selection screw (33) to rotate forward and reverse.

7. The electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gear shifting stepping motor (21) and the gear selection stepping motor (31) are both stepping motors. The controller (6) controls the number of revolutions of the stepping motor by giving a certain pulse signal to the stepping motor. The number of revolutions multiplied by the pitch of the lead screw is the moving distance of the gear shifting head (27) / the gear selection block (34).

8. The electric gear selection and shifting mechanism for a harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximity switch (5) comprises a proximity sensor and an indicator light. The proximity sensor is mounted on the side wall of the support seat (25) and extends into the shifting head (27) to detect the shifting position of the shifting head (27). When the shifting head (27) reaches the gear position, the corresponding indicator light is on. When the shifting head (27) is in the neutral position, the indicator light is off.

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