A method and system for regulating and storing rainwater in irrigation areas

Abstract

The invention provides a method for regulating and storing rainwater in an irrigation area, and relates to the technical field of regulating and storing rainwater in an irrigation area. The invention obtains rainfall and irrigation-related data in historical data of an irrigation area to be regulated, calculates a stable value of an annual total rainfall, an average monthly rainfall, an annual total irrigation water consumption and an average monthly irrigation water consumption, then calculates a water resource supply and demand value and a water distribution overlap rate of the irrigation area, calculates a comprehensive soil holding index for rainwater through soil characteristic data of the irrigation area to be regulated, a maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area and a current soil humidity value, calculates a single rainfall overflow value according to historical single rainfall, a single rainfall duration and a comprehensive soil holding index, calculates a comprehensive regulating and storing index according to the above data, determines a regulating and storing method and a corresponding water conservancy project according to the comprehensive regulating and storing index, then clusters and divides regions according to the same soil moisture content according to the spatial distribution of soil moisture content, and dispatches according to the calculated water transfer amount.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rainwater and flood storage in irrigation areas, and in particular to a method and system for rainwater and flood storage in irrigation areas. Background Art

[0002] Irrigation area rainwater storage refers to the use of water conservancy facilities within the irrigation area to receive and store rainstorms caused by rainfall, so as to balance irrigation water and runoff caused by rainwater, ensure farmland irrigation and reduce the impact of floods on farmland. Irrigation area rainwater storage can effectively utilize rainfall water resources, store rainfall water, and supply farmland as an irrigation water source. This not only saves local water resources, but also ensures that farmland can still get sufficient irrigation water during the dry season or when water resources are scarce.

[0003] The existing irrigation area rainwater storage technology covers a variety of engineering and management measures, including the construction of storage ponds, flood dams, flood storage areas, infiltration wells and other facilities. However, the corresponding storage methods are overly dependent on the analysis of historical planting data and model construction, and the storage methods are often faced with irrigation areas and existing storage facilities. Although these technologies have improved the accuracy of rainwater storage to a certain extent, too many models are too obscure for non-professional users, which is not conducive to the promotion of irrigation area rainwater storage technology. At the same time, it also ignores the subsequent spatial allocation storage method based on the soil irrigation needs of the irrigation area.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for regulating and storing rainwater and flood in irrigation areas to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for regulating and storing rainwater in an irrigation area, the specific steps comprising:

[0008] Step 1: Obtain the rainfall frequency, rainfall start time, rainfall duration and rainfall data from the historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, form rainfall time series data, perform statistics on the time distribution of rainfall, and calculate the annual total rainfall stability value and monthly average rainfall of the irrigation area to be regulated;

[0009] Step 2: Obtain the irrigation times, irrigation time and irrigation water volume data from the historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, form time series data, perform statistics on the time distribution of irrigation volume, and calculate the total annual irrigation water volume and the average monthly irrigation water volume;

[0010] Step 3: Obtain soil characteristic data of the irrigation area to be regulated and the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area, calculate the soil's capacity to hold rainwater and the rainwater infiltration rate based on the soil characteristic data and the current soil moisture value, and then calculate the soil's comprehensive capacity index for rainwater based on the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area;

[0011] Step 4: Calculate the water resource supply and demand value of the irrigation area based on the annual total rainfall stability value and the annual total irrigation water consumption; calculate the water distribution overlap rate between the monthly average rainfall and the monthly average irrigation water consumption; calculate the single rainfall overflow value based on the historical single rainfall, single rainfall duration and soil comprehensive capacity index;

[0012] Step 5: Calculate the comprehensive regulation index based on the water resources supply and demand value, annual total rainfall stability value, single rainfall overflow value and water distribution overlap rate, analyze the water resources of the irrigation area based on the comprehensive regulation index, adopt the corresponding regulation method, and determine the regulated water volume standard and corresponding water conservancy project for each regulation method;

[0013] Step 6: Establish a spatial coordinate system. By detecting the soil moisture content, establish the characteristic function of the spatial distribution of soil moisture content. Through clustering and induction, divide the areas with consistent moisture content. According to the regional moisture content, the normal humidity value of the crops in the irrigation area to be regulated and the root growth depth, determine the water demand and make scheduling.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the annual total rainfall stability value and the monthly average rainfall in the irrigation area to be regulated is:

[0015] The calculation formula of the stable value of the total annual rainfall is:

[0016] in, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, For the Year The amount of rainfall per rainfall, is the number of years for data collection, is the number of rainfalls in a year, are all positive integers, This is the year with the least rainfall. The year with the highest rainfall, are all positive integers;

[0017] The calculation formula for the average monthly rainfall is:

[0018] in, For the The average monthly rainfall in For the Year Month The rainfall amount, is the number of rainfalls in a month, are all positive integers, The value is .

[0019] Furthermore, the specific method for calculating the total annual irrigation water consumption and the average monthly irrigation water consumption is:

[0020] The calculation formula for the total annual irrigation water consumption is:

[0021] in, is the total annual irrigation water consumption, For the first Year Irrigation water volume, is a positive integer, is the number of irrigations per year, is the number of years for data collection, are all positive integers;

[0022] The calculation formula for the average monthly irrigation water consumption is:

[0023] in, For the The average monthly irrigation volume for the month For the Year Month The amount of irrigation water, is the number of irrigations in a month, are all positive integers, The value is .

[0024] Furthermore, the specific steps for calculating the soil comprehensive holding index of rainwater are as follows;

[0025] The soil property data include the area of ​​the irrigation area to be regulated, the groundwater depth, the soil gap accommodation coefficient and the soil permeability coefficient;

[0026] The calculation method of the soil's rainwater holding capacity is as follows:

[0027] in, is the soil capacity of the irrigation area to store rainwater, is the dry soil weight of the irrigation area to be regulated, The weight of the soil in the irrigation area to be regulated and stored is enough to hold the full water. is the current soil moisture value of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the area of ​​the irrigation area to be regulated, is the groundwater depth of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the soil clearance capacity coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated;

[0028] The infiltration rate is calculated according to Darcy's law;

[0029] in, is the infiltration rate of rainwater, is the soil permeability coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the starting position of rainwater infiltration, is the end point of rainwater infiltration, is the penetration path length;

[0030] The calculation formula of the soil comprehensive holding index is:

[0031] in, It is the comprehensive soil absorption index. is the maximum flooding depth that crops in the irrigation area can tolerate. is the unit conversion constant, Duration of a single rainfall event.

[0032] Furthermore, the steps for calculating the single rainfall overflow value are:

[0033] The calculation formula of the water resources supply and demand value is:

[0034] in, is the water resource supply and demand value, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption;

[0035] The calculation formula of the water distribution overlap rate is:

[0036] in, is the water distribution overlap rate, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption, For the The average monthly irrigation volume for the month For the The average monthly rainfall in is the number of years for data collection, is a positive integer;

[0037] The formula for calculating the single rainfall overflow value is:

[0038] in, is the overflow value of a single rainfall, is the single rainfall amount, It is the comprehensive soil absorption index. Duration of a single rainfall event.

[0039] Furthermore, the water resources of the irrigation area are analyzed according to the comprehensive regulation and storage index, corresponding regulation and storage methods are adopted, and the specific steps of the regulated water volume standard and the corresponding water conservancy project of each regulation and storage method are determined;

[0040] The formula for calculating the comprehensive regulation index is:

[0041] in, is a comprehensive regulation index. is the weight of the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the weight of the single rainfall overflow value;

[0042] when When the supply and demand of rainfall water resources in the irrigation area is moderate, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly based on water storage regulation. The amount of water regulated is based on the staggered water consumption of rainfall and irrigation time. The corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water amount.

[0043] when When the rainfall water resources in the irrigation area are relatively abundant, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly to prevent and control peak floods. The regulated water volume is based on the maximum overflow value of a single rainfall, and the corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water volume.

[0044] when When the rainfall water resources in the irrigation area are relatively small, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly based on water storage irrigation. The amount of water to be regulated is based on the stable value of the annual total rainfall, and the corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water volume;

[0045] in, is the upper limit of the comprehensive water storage threshold. It is the lower limit of the comprehensive water storage threshold;

[0046] When adjusting the water When flooding, choose to build a flood discharge area as a water storage project;

[0047] When adjusting the water When floods occur, choose to build flood control dams as water storage projects;

[0048] When adjusting the water When choosing to build a storage pond as a water conservancy project;

[0049] in, Select standard values ​​for water projects, To regulate the water volume.

[0050] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the staggered water consumption is:

[0051] in, For staggered water usage, is the water distribution overlap rate, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption.

[0052] Furthermore, the specific steps of dividing the areas with consistent water content by clustering and summarizing are:

[0053] Establish characteristic functions;

[0054] in, The soil moisture content detected is the coordinate position of the detection point;

[0055] Random Selection data nodes as the initial centroid, represents the number of categories after clustering, is a positive integer, where The initial centroid is expressed as: Indicates The soil moisture content of the data node as the initial centroid, Indicates The coordinate position of the data node as the initial centroid, is a positive integer, and ;

[0056] For each detected point’s feature vector, calculate its distance to each initial centroid and assign it to the cluster represented by the nearest centroid. The distance to the initial centroid is calculated based on the formula:

[0057] in, Indicates The initial centroid and The distance between data nodes, Respectively represent The soil moisture content and coordinate position of the monitoring point corresponding to each data node;

[0058] For each cluster, after each clustering is completed, the mean of all points in the cluster is recalculated and used as the feature data of the new centroid. The update formula for the centroid feature data is:

[0059] in, Indicates that the The number of data nodes of the centroid, Indicates that the The water content and coordinate position of the detection point corresponding to the data node of the centroid, The moisture content and coordinate position of the detection point representing the updated centroid;

[0060] Based on the updated feature vector of the centroid, clustering is performed again until the change of all centroid positions is less than the threshold, then the clustering is considered stable and the clustering is terminated.

[0061] Furthermore, the method for determining the water demand according to the water content of the divided areas is:

[0062] in, is the water demand of the divided area, is the normal humidity value for crop growth in the irrigation area to be regulated. is the current soil moisture value in the divided area, is the root growth depth of crops in the irrigation area to be regulated, and is the soil gap accommodation coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated.

[0063] The present invention further provides an irrigation area rainwater storage system, which is used to execute the above-mentioned irrigation area rainwater storage method, and comprises:

[0064] A data collection module, the data collection module is used to collect rainfall times, rainfall start time, rainfall duration, rainfall amount, irrigation times, irrigation time, irrigation water amount data, soil characteristic data, maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area, normal humidity value of crop growth and root growth depth data, and send the collected data to the data analysis module;

[0065] A data analysis module, which is used to receive the data sent by the data collection module, store the received data first, and then analyze the stored data to calculate the water resource supply and demand value, the annual total rainfall stability value, the single rainfall overflow value and the water distribution overlap rate, and further calculate the comprehensive regulation index;

[0066] A regulation and storage decision module, which analyzes the water resources of the irrigation area according to the comprehensive regulation and storage index, makes a decision on the regulation and storage method, and selects the corresponding water conservancy project according to the water volume standard that needs to be adjusted in the decided regulation and storage method;

[0067] A regulation and storage execution module, which constructs a corresponding water conservancy project according to the result of the decision of the regulation and storage decision module;

[0068] The operation and maintenance module divides the irrigation area into regions based on the real-time soil moisture content of the irrigation area to be regulated, and determines the water demand based on different soil moisture contents, normal humidity values ​​of crops in the irrigation area to be regulated and the root growth depth, and dispatches water for the constructed water conservancy projects based on the water demand in different regions.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention obtains rainfall and irrigation-related data in historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, calculates the annual total rainfall stability value, the monthly average rainfall, the annual total irrigation water consumption and the monthly average irrigation water consumption, and then calculates the water resource supply and demand value and the water distribution overlap rate of the irrigation area, and calculates the soil comprehensive capacity index of the soil for rainwater through the soil characteristic data of the irrigation area to be regulated, the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area, and the current soil moisture value, calculates the single rainfall overflow value according to the historical single rainfall, the single rainfall duration and the soil comprehensive capacity index, calculates the comprehensive regulation index according to the above data, determines the regulation method and the corresponding water conservancy project according to the comprehensive regulation index, and then, according to the spatial distribution of soil moisture content, clusters and divides the areas according to the same soil moisture content, and dispatches according to the calculated water diversion amount;

[0070] The present invention also calculates the water resource supply and demand value of the irrigation area through the relationship between the annual total rainfall stability value and the annual total irrigation water consumption, makes an overall judgment on the water resources of the irrigation area, judges the time distribution through the water distribution overlap rate between the average monthly rainfall and the average monthly irrigation water consumption, and calculates the comprehensive regulation index in combination with the soil's comprehensive rainwater holding index. According to the calculated comprehensive regulation index, the regulation method and the corresponding water conservancy project are determined, and the rainfall is stored by regulating the rainfall in time, and then the areas with the same water content are divided through clustering and induction, and the irrigation water demand of each divided area is calculated and dispatched. The method greatly improves the utilization of water resources by storing rainwater in time and distributing the stored rainwater in space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0074] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0075] Example

[0076] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0077] A method for regulating and storing rainwater in an irrigation area, the specific steps comprising:

[0078] Step 1: Obtain the rainfall frequency, rainfall start time, rainfall duration and rainfall data from the historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, form rainfall time series data, conduct statistics on the time distribution of rainfall, and calculate the annual total rainfall stability value and monthly average rainfall in the irrigation area to be regulated.

[0079] Rainfall directly affects the water supply in the irrigation area. Sufficient rainfall can reduce the demand for irrigation water, which is beneficial to the growth and development of crops. Insufficient rainfall may lead to water resource shortage and require reliance on irrigation systems for water replenishment. However, heavy rainfall may increase the risk of flooding in the irrigation area and cause damage to farmland and infrastructure. The number of rainfalls, rainfall start time, rainfall duration and rainfall amount data are obtained by consulting historical meteorological data from the meteorological bureau in the location of the irrigation area to be regulated.

[0080] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the stable value of the total annual rainfall is:

[0081] in, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, For the Year The amount of rainfall per rainfall, is the number of years for data collection, is the number of rainfalls in a year, are all positive integers, This is the year with the least rainfall. The year with the highest rainfall, All are positive integers.

[0082] The annual total rainfall stability value is used to measure the relatively stable value of rainfall in a year. In the calculation process, the stability and reliability of the annual total rainfall stability value are improved by removing the year with the minimum and maximum rainfall. This is because the maximum and minimum values ​​usually represent extreme cases or outliers in the data set. Removing these extreme values ​​can make the calculated average value better reflect the central trend of the data without being affected by extreme values.

[0083] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the average monthly rainfall is:

[0084] in, For the The average monthly rainfall in For the Year Month The rainfall amount, is the number of rainfalls in a month, are all positive integers, The value is .

[0085] The average monthly rainfall reflects the average rainfall in each month, and also reflects the temporal distribution of rainfall in a year. If the average monthly rainfall is the same for each month, it means that the rainfall in a year is relatively even, which is beneficial to the regulation of rainfall in the irrigation area.

[0086] Step 2: Obtain the irrigation frequency, irrigation time and irrigation water volume data from the historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, form time series data, conduct statistics on the time distribution of irrigation volume, and calculate the total annual irrigation water volume and the average monthly irrigation water volume.

[0087] Irrigation can ensure that farmland can still get enough water in the dry season or when there is insufficient water. This can ensure the growth cycle and yield of crops and improve the stability of food and crops. The irrigation frequency, irrigation time and irrigation water volume data are obtained from the agricultural production operation records of the irrigation area.

[0088] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the total annual irrigation water consumption is:

[0089] in, is the total annual irrigation water consumption, For the first Year Irrigation water volume, is a positive integer, is the number of irrigations per year, is the number of years for data collection, All are positive integers.

[0090] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the average monthly irrigation water consumption is:

[0091] in, For the The average monthly irrigation volume for the month For the Year Month The amount of irrigation water, is the number of irrigations in a month, are all positive integers, The value is .

[0092] Step 3: Obtain the soil characteristic data of the irrigation area to be regulated and the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area. Calculate the soil's rainwater holding capacity and rainwater infiltration rate based on the soil characteristic data and the current soil moisture value. Then calculate the soil's comprehensive rainwater holding index based on the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area.

[0093] Furthermore, the soil property data include the area of ​​the irrigation area to be regulated, the groundwater depth, the soil gap holding coefficient and the soil permeability coefficient. The soil property data are obtained by consulting the agricultural bureau or agricultural research institution where the irrigation area to be regulated is located, because the agricultural department or agricultural research institution of the local government usually conducts soil sampling and analysis to monitor soil quality and properties.

[0094] Soil property data is obtained by consulting the local geological data of the irrigation area to be regulated. The soil's capacity for rainwater refers to the amount of water that the soil can hold, because there are pores and gaps of various sizes in the soil, which can hold water molecules. The size and shape of the pores depend on the type and structure of the soil. Rough sand has larger pores, while clay has tiny pores. When these gaps and gaps are filled with water, the amount of water required is the maximum capacity. The capillary action in the soil allows water molecules to rise or fall in the tiny pores. This action allows the soil to keep water molecules near its surface and allows water molecules to be transported in the soil. Under the influence of gravity, the water in the gaps will continue to move downward until it reaches the groundwater level. The speed of downward movement is the infiltration rate of rainwater.

[0095] Furthermore, the specific steps for calculating the soil comprehensive holding index of rainwater are as follows;

[0096] The calculation method of the soil's rainwater holding capacity is as follows:

[0097] in, is the soil capacity of the irrigation area to store rainwater, is the dry soil weight of the irrigation area to be regulated, The weight of the soil in the irrigation area to be regulated and stored is enough to hold the full water. is the current soil moisture value of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the area of ​​the irrigation area to be regulated, is the groundwater depth of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the soil clearance capacity coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated;

[0098] The infiltration rate is calculated according to Darcy's law;

[0099] in, is the infiltration rate of rainwater, is the soil permeability coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the starting position of rainwater infiltration, is the end point of rainwater infiltration, is the penetration path length;

[0100] The calculation formula of the soil comprehensive holding index is:

[0101] in, It is the comprehensive soil absorption index. is the maximum flooding depth that crops in the irrigation area can tolerate. is the unit conversion constant, Duration of a single rainfall event.

[0102] The soil comprehensive absorption index reflects the soil's comprehensive capacity to hold water per unit time. The larger the value of the soil comprehensive absorption index, the greater its ability to absorb rainwater.

[0103] Step 4: Calculate the water supply and demand value of the irrigation area based on the stable value of annual total rainfall and the total annual irrigation water consumption; calculate the water distribution overlap rate between the average monthly rainfall and the average monthly irrigation water consumption; calculate the single rainfall overflow value based on the historical single rainfall, single rainfall duration and soil comprehensive capacity index.

[0104] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the water resource supply and demand value is:

[0105] in, is the water resource supply and demand value, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption.

[0106] The water resources supply and demand value reflects the water resources situation in the irrigation area to be regulated. If the water resources supply and demand value is greater than zero, it means that the rainfall in the irrigation area is greater than the irrigation water volume. The larger the water resources supply and demand value, the more abundant the water resources. Conversely, if it is less than zero, it means that the rainfall in the irrigation area is less than the irrigation water volume. The smaller the water resources supply and demand value, the scarcer the water resources.

[0107] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the water distribution overlap rate is:

[0108] in, is the water distribution overlap rate, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption, For the The average monthly irrigation volume for the month For the The average monthly rainfall in is the number of years for data collection, Is a positive integer.

[0109] The water distribution overlap rate reflects the coincidence rate between the time distribution of rainfall and the time distribution of irrigation water in the irrigation area. The smaller the water distribution overlap rate, the more the time distribution of rainfall and the time distribution of irrigation water overlap. When the water distribution overlap is zero, it means that the rainfall and irrigation amount in each month are equal, and the shorter the cycle of rainwater and flood regulation, the greater the water distribution overlap rate, the greater the difference between the time distribution of rainfall and the time distribution of irrigation water, and the longer the cycle of rainwater and flood regulation.

[0110] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the single rainfall overflow value is:

[0111] in, is the overflow value of a single rainfall, is the single rainfall amount, It is the comprehensive soil absorption index. Duration of a single rainfall event.

[0112] Step 5: Calculate the comprehensive regulation and storage index based on the water resources supply and demand value, annual total rainfall stability value, single rainfall overflow value and water distribution overlap rate, analyze the water resources in the irrigation area based on the comprehensive regulation and storage index, adopt corresponding regulation and storage methods, and determine the water volume standard and corresponding water conservancy project for each regulation and storage method.

[0113] Furthermore, the water resources of the irrigation area are analyzed according to the comprehensive regulation and storage index, corresponding regulation and storage methods are adopted, and the specific steps of the regulated water volume standard and the corresponding water conservancy project of each regulation and storage method are determined;

[0114] The formula for calculating the comprehensive regulation index is:

[0115] in, is a comprehensive regulation index. is the weight of the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the weight of the single rainfall overflow value;

[0116] when When the supply and demand of rainfall water resources in the irrigation area is moderate, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly based on water storage regulation. The amount of water regulated is based on the staggered water consumption of rainfall and irrigation time. The corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water amount.

[0117] when When the rainfall water resources in the irrigation area are relatively abundant, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly to prevent and control peak floods. The regulated water volume is based on the maximum overflow value of a single rainfall, and the corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water volume.

[0118] when When the rainfall water resources in the irrigation area are relatively small, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly based on water storage irrigation. The amount of water to be regulated is based on the stable value of the annual total rainfall, and the corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water volume;

[0119] in, is the upper limit of the comprehensive water storage threshold. It is the lower limit of the comprehensive water storage threshold.

[0120] When adjusting the water When flooding, choose to build a flood discharge area as a water storage project;

[0121] When adjusting the water When floods occur, choose to build flood control dams as water storage projects;

[0122] When adjusting the water When choosing to build a storage pond as a water conservancy project;

[0123] in, Select standard values ​​for water projects, To regulate the water volume.

[0124] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the staggered water consumption is:

[0125] in, For staggered water usage, is the water distribution overlap rate, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption.

[0126] The staggered water use refers to the part of rainfall and irrigation that does not overlap in distribution time. This part of water needs to be regulated and stored, and used to irrigate farmland in the irrigation area when the rainfall is insufficient to use the irrigation amount.

[0127] Step 6: Establish a spatial coordinate system. By detecting the soil moisture content, establish the characteristic function of the spatial distribution of soil moisture content. Through clustering and induction, divide the areas with consistent moisture content. According to the regional moisture content, the normal humidity value of the crops in the irrigation area to be regulated and the root growth depth, determine the water demand and make scheduling.

[0128] The method for establishing the spatial coordinate system is to select any point inside the irrigation area to be regulated as the center point of the coordinate system, take the east-west direction as the horizontal coordinate, the east as the positive semi-axis, take the north-south direction as the vertical coordinate, and the north as the positive semi-axis. The soil moisture content is detected by installing a soil moisture sensor, one of which is installed at the center point of the coordinate system, and the remaining soil moisture sensors are evenly installed one hundred meters apart from the soil moisture sensor at the center point of the coordinate system along the direction of the coordinate axis. The soil moisture sensor detects a depth of 30 centimeters because the root system of crops is more concentrated at this depth.

[0129] Dividing land areas according to water content can help decision makers manage water resources more accurately. The similar characteristics of water content in each area can be used as the basis for irrigation system design, water resource allocation and management strategy formulation. This can effectively avoid waste or water shortage caused by insufficient or excessive water resources.

[0130] Furthermore, the specific steps of dividing the areas with consistent water content by clustering and summarizing are:

[0131] Establish characteristic functions;

[0132] in, The soil moisture content detected is the coordinate position of the detection point;

[0133] Random Selection data nodes as the initial centroid, represents the number of categories after clustering, is a positive integer, where The initial centroid is expressed as: Indicates The soil moisture content of the data node as the initial centroid, Indicates The coordinate position of the data node as the initial centroid, is a positive integer, and ;

[0134] For each detected point’s feature vector, calculate its distance to each initial centroid and assign it to the cluster represented by the nearest centroid. The distance to the initial centroid is calculated based on the formula:

[0135] in, Indicates The initial centroid and The distance between data nodes, Respectively represent The soil moisture content and coordinate position of the monitoring point corresponding to each data node;

[0136] For each cluster, after each clustering is completed, the mean of all points in the cluster is recalculated and used as the feature data of the new centroid. The update formula for the centroid feature data is:

[0137] in, Indicates that the The number of data nodes of the centroid, Indicates that the The water content and coordinate position of the detection point corresponding to the data node of the centroid, It represents the moisture content and coordinate position of the detection point of the updated centroid.

[0138] Based on the updated feature vector of the centroid, clustering is performed again until the change of all centroid positions is less than the threshold, then the clustering is considered stable and the clustering is terminated.

[0139] Furthermore, the method for determining the water demand according to the water content of the divided areas is:

[0140] in, is the water demand of the divided area, is the normal humidity value for crop growth in the irrigation area to be regulated. is the current soil moisture value in the divided area, is the root growth depth of crops in the irrigation area to be regulated. It is the soil clearance capacity coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated.

[0141] The normal humidity values ​​for crop growth and the depth of crop root growth in the irrigation area to be regulated can be obtained by consulting agricultural experts or agricultural experimental stations in the area where the irrigation area is located. These institutions usually conduct research and monitoring of the crop growth environment and are very reliable.

[0142] See also Figure 2The present invention further provides an irrigation area rainwater storage system, which is used to implement the above-mentioned irrigation area rainwater storage method, including:

[0143] A data collection module, the data collection module is used to collect rainfall times, rainfall start time, rainfall duration, rainfall amount, irrigation times, irrigation time, irrigation water amount data, soil characteristic data, maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area, normal humidity value of crop growth and root growth depth data, and send the collected data to the data analysis module;

[0144] A data analysis module, which is used to receive the data sent by the data collection module, store the received data first, and then analyze the stored data to calculate the water resource supply and demand value, the annual total rainfall stability value, the single rainfall overflow value and the water distribution overlap rate, and further calculate the comprehensive regulation index;

[0145] A regulation and storage decision module, which analyzes the water resources of the irrigation area according to the comprehensive regulation and storage index, makes a decision on the regulation and storage method, and selects the corresponding water conservancy project according to the water volume standard that needs to be adjusted in the decided regulation and storage method;

[0146] A regulation and storage execution module, which constructs a corresponding water conservancy project according to the result of the decision of the regulation and storage decision module;

[0147] The operation and maintenance module divides the irrigation area into regions based on the real-time soil moisture content of the irrigation area to be regulated, and determines the water demand based on different soil moisture contents, normal humidity values ​​of crops in the irrigation area to be regulated and the root growth depth, and dispatches water for the constructed water conservancy projects based on the water demand in different regions.

[0148] The present invention obtains rainfall and irrigation-related data in historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, calculates the annual total rainfall stability value, the monthly average rainfall, the annual total irrigation water consumption and the monthly average irrigation water consumption, then calculates the water resource supply and demand value and the water distribution overlap rate of the irrigation area, and calculates the soil comprehensive capacity index of the soil for rainwater through the soil characteristic data of the irrigation area to be regulated, the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area, and the current soil humidity value, calculates the single rainfall overflow value according to the historical single rainfall, the single rainfall duration and the soil comprehensive capacity index, calculates the comprehensive regulation index according to the above data, determines the regulation method and the corresponding water conservancy project according to the comprehensive regulation index, and then, according to the spatial distribution of soil moisture content, clusters and divides the areas according to the same soil moisture content, and dispatches according to the calculated water diversion amount.

[0149] The present invention also calculates the water resource supply and demand value of the irrigation area through the relationship between the annual total rainfall stability value and the annual total irrigation water consumption, makes an overall judgment on the water resources of the irrigation area, judges the time distribution through the water distribution overlap rate between the average monthly rainfall and the average monthly irrigation water consumption, and calculates the comprehensive regulation index in combination with the soil's comprehensive rainwater holding index. According to the calculated comprehensive regulation index, the regulation method and the corresponding water conservancy project are determined, and the rainfall is stored by regulating the rainfall in time, and then the areas with the same water content are divided through clustering and induction, and the irrigation water demand of each divided area is calculated and dispatched. The method greatly improves the utilization of water resources by storing rainwater in time and distributing the stored rainwater in space.

[0150] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0151] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0152] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0153] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for regulating and storing rainwater in an irrigation area, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Obtain the rainfall frequency, rainfall start time, rainfall duration and rainfall data from the historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, form rainfall time series data, perform statistics on the time distribution of rainfall, and calculate the annual total rainfall stability value and monthly average rainfall of the irrigation area to be regulated; Step 2: Obtain the irrigation times, irrigation time and irrigation water volume data from the historical data of the irrigation area to be regulated, form time series data, perform statistics on the time distribution of irrigation volume, and calculate the total annual irrigation water volume and the average monthly irrigation water volume; Step 3: Obtain soil characteristic data of the irrigation area to be regulated and the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area, calculate the soil's capacity to hold rainwater and the rainwater infiltration rate based on the soil characteristic data and the current soil moisture value, and then calculate the soil's comprehensive capacity index for rainwater based on the maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area; Step 4: Calculate the water resource supply and demand value of the irrigation area based on the annual total rainfall stability value and the annual total irrigation water consumption; calculate the water distribution overlap rate between the monthly average rainfall and the monthly average irrigation water consumption; calculate the single rainfall overflow value based on the historical single rainfall, single rainfall duration and soil comprehensive capacity index; Step 5: Calculate the comprehensive regulation index based on the water resources supply and demand value, annual total rainfall stability value, single rainfall overflow value and water distribution overlap rate, analyze the water resources of the irrigation area based on the comprehensive regulation index, adopt the corresponding regulation method, and determine the regulated water volume standard and corresponding water conservancy project for each regulation method; Step 6: Establish a spatial coordinate system, detect soil moisture content, establish a characteristic function of the spatial distribution of soil moisture content, divide areas with consistent moisture content through clustering and induction, determine water demand based on regional moisture content, normal humidity value of crops in the irrigation area to be regulated, and root growth depth, and perform scheduling; The calculation steps for calculating the single rainfall overflow value are: The calculation formula of the water resources supply and demand value is: in, is the water resource supply and demand value, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption; The calculation formula of the water distribution overlap rate is: in, is the water distribution overlap rate, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption, For the The average monthly irrigation volume for the month For the The average monthly rainfall in is the number of years for data collection, is a positive integer; The formula for calculating the single rainfall overflow value is: in, is the overflow value of a single rainfall, is the single rainfall amount, It is the comprehensive soil absorption index. Duration of a single rainfall event.

2. A method for regulating and storing rainwater in irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for calculating the annual total rainfall stability value and the monthly average rainfall in the irrigation area to be regulated is: The calculation formula of the stable value of the total annual rainfall is: in, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, For the Year The amount of rainfall per rainfall, is the number of years for data collection, is the number of rainfalls in a year, are all positive integers, This is the year with the least rainfall. The year with the highest rainfall, All are positive integers; The calculation formula for the average monthly rainfall is: in, For the The average monthly rainfall in For the Year Month The rainfall amount, is the number of rainfalls in a month, are all positive integers, The value is .

3. The method for regulating and storing rainwater in irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for calculating the total annual irrigation water consumption and the average monthly irrigation water consumption is: The calculation formula for the total annual irrigation water consumption is: in, is the total annual irrigation water consumption, For the first Year Irrigation water volume, is a positive integer, is the number of irrigations per year, is the number of years for data collection, All are positive integers; The calculation formula for the average monthly irrigation water consumption is: in, For the The average monthly irrigation volume for the month For the Year Month The amount of irrigation water, is the number of irrigations in a month, are all positive integers, The value is .

4. A method for regulating and storing rainwater in irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps to calculate the soil comprehensive holding index of rainwater are: The soil property data include the area of ​​the irrigation area to be regulated, the groundwater depth, the soil gap accommodation coefficient and the soil permeability coefficient; The calculation method of the soil's rainwater holding capacity is as follows: in, is the soil capacity of the irrigation area to store rainwater, is the dry soil weight of the irrigation area to be regulated, The weight of the soil in the irrigation area to be regulated and stored is enough to hold the full water. is the current soil moisture value of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the area of ​​the irrigation area to be regulated, is the groundwater depth of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the soil clearance capacity coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated; The infiltration rate is calculated according to Darcy's law; in, is the infiltration rate of rainwater, is the soil permeability coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated, is the starting position of rainwater infiltration, is the end point of rainwater infiltration, is the penetration path length; The calculation formula of the soil comprehensive holding index is: in, It is the comprehensive soil absorption index. is the maximum flooding depth that crops in the irrigation area can tolerate, is the unit conversion constant, Duration of a single rainfall event.

5. The method for regulating and storing rainwater in irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Analyze the water resources of the irrigation area according to the comprehensive regulation and storage index, adopt the corresponding regulation and storage method, and determine the water volume standard of each regulation and storage method and the specific steps of the corresponding water conservancy project; The formula for calculating the comprehensive regulation index is: in, is a comprehensive regulation index. is the weight of the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the weight of the single rainfall overflow value; when When the supply and demand of rainfall water resources in the irrigation area is moderate, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly based on water storage regulation. The amount of water regulated is based on the staggered water consumption of rainfall and irrigation time. The corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water amount. when When the rainfall water resources in the irrigation area are relatively abundant, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly to prevent and control peak floods. The regulated water volume is based on the maximum overflow value of a single rainfall, and the corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water volume. when When the rainfall water resources in the irrigation area are relatively small, the regulation of rainwater and flood is mainly based on water storage irrigation. The amount of water to be regulated is based on the stable value of the annual total rainfall, and the corresponding water conservancy project is selected according to the regulated water volume; in, is the upper limit of the comprehensive water storage threshold. It is the lower limit of the comprehensive water storage threshold; When adjusting the water When flooding occurs, choose to build a flood discharge area as a water storage project; When adjusting the water When floods occur, choose to build flood control dams as water storage projects; When adjusting the water When choosing to build a storage pond as a water conservancy project; in, Select standard values ​​for water projects, To regulate the water volume.

6. A method for regulating and storing rainwater in irrigation areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the staggered water consumption is: in, For staggered water usage, is the water distribution overlap rate, is the stable value of annual total rainfall, is the total annual irrigation water consumption; The specific steps of dividing the areas with consistent water content by clustering and induction are as follows: Establish characteristic functions; in, The soil moisture content detected is the coordinate position of the detection point; Random Selection data nodes as the initial centroid, represents the number of categories after clustering, is a positive integer, where The initial centroid is expressed as: Indicates The soil moisture content of the data node as the initial centroid, Indicates The coordinate position of the data node as the initial centroid, is a positive integer, and ; For each detected point’s feature vector, calculate its distance to each initial centroid and assign it to the cluster represented by the nearest centroid. The distance to the initial centroid is calculated based on the formula: in, Indicates The initial centroid and The distance between data nodes, Respectively represent The soil moisture content and coordinate position of the monitoring point corresponding to each data node; For each cluster, after each clustering is completed, the mean of all points in the cluster is recalculated and used as the feature data of the new centroid. The update formula of the centroid feature data is: in, Indicates that the The number of data nodes of the centroid, Indicates that the The water content and coordinate position of the detection point corresponding to the data node of the centroid, The moisture content and coordinate position of the detection point representing the updated centroid; Based on the updated feature vector of the centroid, clustering is performed again until the change of all centroid positions is less than the threshold, then the clustering is considered stable and the clustering is terminated.

7. The method for regulating and storing rainwater in irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the water demand according to the water content of the divided areas is: in, is the water demand of the divided area, is the normal humidity value for crop growth in the irrigation area to be regulated. is the current soil moisture value in the divided area, is the root growth depth of crops in the irrigation area to be regulated, It is the soil clearance capacity coefficient of the irrigation area to be regulated.

8. An irrigation area rainwater storage system, characterized by: The early warning system is used to execute the irrigation area rainwater storage method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: A data collection module, the data collection module is used to collect rainfall times, rainfall start time, rainfall duration, rainfall amount, irrigation times, irrigation time, irrigation water amount data, soil characteristic data, maximum flooding depth of crops in the irrigation area, normal humidity value of crop growth and root growth depth data, and send the collected data to the data analysis module; A data analysis module, which is used to receive the data sent by the data collection module, store the received data first, and then analyze the stored data to calculate the water resource supply and demand value, the annual total rainfall stability value, the single rainfall overflow value and the water distribution overlap rate, and further calculate the comprehensive regulation index; A regulation and storage decision module, which analyzes the water resources of the irrigation area according to the comprehensive regulation and storage index, makes a decision on the regulation and storage method, and selects the corresponding water conservancy project according to the water volume standard that needs to be adjusted in the decided regulation and storage method; A regulation and storage execution module, which constructs a corresponding water conservancy project according to the result of the decision of the regulation and storage decision module; The operation and maintenance module divides the irrigation area into regions based on the real-time soil moisture content of the irrigation area to be regulated, and determines the water demand based on different soil moisture contents, normal humidity values ​​of crops in the irrigation area to be regulated and the root growth depth, and dispatches water for the constructed water conservancy projects based on the water demand in different regions.

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