Method and system for network planning in remote mountainous areas based on medium voltage carrier technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a remote mountain area networking planning method and system based on medium voltage carrier technology, belonging to the field of medium voltage carrier communication technology. The invention installs communication terminals according to user locations, encodes the communication terminals based on the signal transmission distance with a main station, and then comprehensively analyzes the topological structure, signal attenuation and coding information of the installed network, thereby finding the optimal working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal in the network. The network is adjusted based on the above optimal conditions to obtain the optimal networking planning scheme. By taking the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of the medium voltage distribution line as the optimal comprehensive communication effect, the invention fully considers various factors that affect the quality of network communication, reduces the influence of external factors on communication, and improves the efficiency of signal transmission and reception, thereby improving the communication quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medium voltage carrier communication, and in particular to a method and system for planning networking in remote mountainous areas based on medium voltage carrier technology. Background Art

[0002] In remote areas, the load is too dispersed, the power supply load is small, the 10kV power supply radius is long, and the line distance is long. For a long time, remote agricultural and pastoral areas have been affected by local communication and natural environmental conditions. The investment in building optical fiber is too huge, and the coverage of wireless 4G signals is limited. From 10kV lines to distribution stations in remote agricultural and pastoral areas, the degree of automation of the power grid is not high, and data collection and status perception are not comprehensive and timely, resulting in insufficient automation, informatization and intelligence of the power grid in remote agricultural and pastoral areas, low power supply reliability and low operation and maintenance efficiency. The uplink communication channels of concentrators and special transformer terminals of power supply companies in remote areas all use wireless public network communication. Some remote areas have signal blind spots that cannot be covered by communication base station signals, resulting in the long-term inability of the acquisition terminal equipment to go online after installation, which seriously affects the data integrity of the acquisition system and the line loss calculation. As the acquisition equipment has achieved "full coverage", considering the data requirements of the line loss analysis system under development, the problem of missing data due to communication quality will become more prominent. In order to solve the data collection problem in areas with no signal or weak signal, other uplink communication methods need to be adopted to supplement the points.

[0003] Chinese patent, publication number: CN112260724A, publication date: January 22, 2021, discloses a medium-voltage power line carrier dynamic networking method, which is implemented by a medium-voltage carrier communication system consisting of a medium-voltage carrier host, two or more medium-voltage carrier slaves, and terminal devices connected to the medium-voltage carrier slaves through a network cable or a serial port cable. The medium-voltage carrier host counts the available frequency band information between any medium-voltage carrier slaves in real time. When terminal A connected to any medium-voltage carrier slave A is ready to establish communication with other remote terminals B, the medium-voltage carrier slave A applies to the medium-voltage carrier host for an available frequency band that does not conflict with the current system, and establishes carrier communication with the medium-voltage carrier slave B connected to terminal B. When the medium-voltage carrier slave A exits this mode, it notifies the medium-voltage carrier host and enters normal mode. However, the impact of noise, impedance and attenuation on signal transmission efficiency during medium-voltage carrier communication is not taken into account. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the communication coverage rate in remote mountainous areas is low and the medium-voltage carrier communication is easily affected by external factors, resulting in low communication quality, the present invention proposes a remote mountainous area networking planning method based on medium-voltage carrier technology. The communication terminal is installed according to the user's location, and the communication terminal is encoded based on the signal transmission distance with the main station. Then, the topological structure, signal attenuation and coding information of the installed network are comprehensively analyzed to find the optimal working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal in the network. The network is adjusted based on the above optimal conditions to obtain the best networking planning scheme. By taking the working frequency band, impedance and communication path of the medium-voltage distribution line as the optimal comprehensive communication effect, the method fully considers various factors that affect the communication quality of the network, reduces the influence of external factors on communication, and improves the signal sending efficiency and receiving efficiency, thereby improving the communication quality.

[0005] In a first aspect, a technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is: a remote mountainous area network planning method based on medium voltage carrier technology, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Install several communication terminals based on the user's location, and encode the communication terminals based on the distance between the communication terminals and the master station in the medium voltage distribution line to transmit signals;

[0007] S2, based on the coding of the communication terminal, the carrier signal is obtained to adapt to the working frequency band of the medium voltage distribution line in different time domains and environments;

[0008] Synchronously, obtaining the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line adapted to different frequencies based on the code of the communication terminal and the topological structure of the medium voltage distribution line;

[0009] Synchronously, a communication path adapted to different frequency bands for each communication terminal is obtained based on the coding of the communication terminal combined with line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss on the medium voltage distribution line;

[0010] S3. With the goal of optimizing the comprehensive communication effect of the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of the medium-voltage distribution line, the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal are adjusted to obtain the best networking planning solution.

[0011] In this scheme, in order to achieve communication coverage in remote mountainous areas where communication is underdeveloped, several communication terminals are laid in the remote mountainous areas, and regional electricity consumption information is collected through the communication terminals, and the electricity consumption information is converted into a carrier signal. The medium-voltage distribution line is used as a carrier communication channel to transmit the carrier signal, and the electricity consumption information is encrypted and transmitted to the main station through the carrier communication channel. The main station then decrypts the electricity consumption information to obtain the regional electricity consumption information. In the process of signal transmission, since the medium-voltage distribution line will be affected by noise, impedance and signal attenuation, the noise is analyzed during signal transmission, and the working frequency band is automatically switched according to the type and impact of the noise, and the impedance is adaptively adjusted so that the impedance of the receiving end and the transmitting end is adapted to the impedance of the carrier communication channel, and the optimal communication path is automatically found according to the degree of signal attenuation, and the impact of signal attenuation on communication efficiency is reduced, so that remote mountainous areas can not only achieve communication coverage through medium-voltage carrier technology, but also reduce the interference of noise on medium-voltage carrier communication, and improve the efficiency of carrier signal coupling by adjusting impedance, maximize the carrier signal receiving efficiency, and reduce the impact of signal attenuation on signal transmission, and improve the distance of signal transmission.

[0012] Preferably, in S2, obtaining the carrier signal based on the coding of the communication terminal to adapt the working frequency band of the medium voltage distribution line in different time domains and environments includes the following steps:

[0013] Acquire the types and locations of medium voltage distribution lines corresponding to different coded communication terminals based on the coded information of the communication terminals;

[0014] Conduct field tests on medium-voltage distribution lines at different time points based on their types and locations, and collect noise data generated by the medium-voltage distribution lines;

[0015] Based on the collected noise data, the noise types are counted and analyzed, and a mathematical model of the noise generated by the medium-voltage distribution line is established. Different noise types are used as input to analyze the spectrum characteristics of each type of noise and the degree of interference it causes to the carrier signal.

[0016] Based on the analysis results, the operating frequency band in which the carrier signal is least affected by the corresponding type of noise in different noise environments is obtained.

[0017] In this scheme, in order to reduce the impact of noise on medium-voltage distribution lines, the surrounding environment of the medium-voltage distribution lines at different time points is detected, the noise data of the medium-voltage distribution lines are collected, the noise of different types of medium-voltage distribution lines in different locations is classified, and corresponding noise suppression measures are taken for the types of noise, and the lines are divided into several working frequency bands. The degree of influence of different noises in different working frequency bands is different. After comprehensive consideration, the on-site noise is analyzed, and the working frequency band with the least noise influence is selected, which can effectively reduce the impact of noise on the medium-voltage carrier communication channel, improve the clarity of the transmission signal, and improve the quality and rate of information extraction.

[0018] Preferably, in S2, obtaining the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line adapted to different frequencies based on the coding of the communication terminal and the topological structure of the medium voltage distribution line comprises the following steps:

[0019] The type of the corresponding medium-voltage distribution line is obtained based on the code of the communication terminal, and a medium-voltage carrier impedance evaluation index system is constructed based on the type, topology and load of the medium-voltage distribution line;

[0020] The impedance of the medium voltage distribution line at different frequencies is obtained based on the frequency of the medium voltage distribution line transmission signal and the medium voltage carrier impedance evaluation index system.

[0021] In this scheme, in order to improve the impedance matching degree of the carrier signal sending device, channel and carrier signal receiving device, a carrier communication channel impedance index system is established based on the type of medium-voltage distribution line, the type of medium-voltage distribution line topology and the type of load on the medium-voltage distribution line. The carrier communication channel impedance at different frequencies is calculated based on the frequency of the transmission signal, and the impedance of the carrier signal sending device and the carrier signal receiving device is adaptively adjusted, so that the coupler of the communication terminal can be adjusted to match the impedance of the carrier communication channel at different frequencies, and the coupler of the master station is also matched according to the impedance of the carrier communication channel at different frequencies, thereby improving the impedance matching degree of the carrier signal sending device, channel and carrier signal receiving device, thereby improving the signal sending rate and receiving rate, and reducing data loss during signal transmission.

[0022] Preferably, in S2, obtaining a communication path adapted to different frequency bands for each communication terminal based on the coding of the communication terminal combined with line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss on the medium voltage distribution line includes the following steps:

[0023] The transmission line theory is used to analyze the line attenuation of the carrier signal on the medium voltage distribution line;

[0024] Use multipath topology and Kirchhoff's circuit laws to analyze multipath attenuation and shunt loss of carrier signals on medium voltage distribution lines;

[0025] Based on the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss of the carrier signal in the medium-voltage distribution line and the coding information of the communication terminal, a communication routing table is obtained when each communication terminal transmits the carrier signal, and the communication path of the carrier signal in the medium-voltage distribution line is obtained based on the communication routing table.

[0026] In this scheme, in order to analyze the attenuation of medium-voltage distribution lines when transmitting signals, the attenuation characteristics of medium-voltage distribution lines are analyzed through transmission line theory, multipath topology analysis and Kirchhoff's circuit law, and the multipath attenuation, shunt loss and line attenuation of carrier signals on medium-voltage distribution lines are obtained. A fixed routing method is used to generate a routing table on each communication terminal node. The table indicates which link should be used for forwarding for each destination address. Since it is planned during system design, it can be modified according to the test results at different stages. Based on the analyzed results, the communication path or relay equipment can be adjusted to reduce the attenuation of the carrier signal on the medium-voltage distribution line and increase the transmission distance and transmission rate of the carrier signal.

[0027] Preferably, based on the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss of the carrier signal on the medium voltage distribution line and the coding information of the communication terminal, obtaining the communication routing table when each communication terminal transmits the carrier signal comprises the following steps:

[0028] Obtain the product of all link communication success rates from the master station to each communication terminal based on the coded information to obtain the communication weight from the master station to each communication terminal;

[0029] Set all communication terminals as slave nodes, number them in sequence according to the communication terminal coding information, and use the master station as the master node to build a communication set. The initial communication set contains only the master node.

[0030] Based on the coding information, the product of the communication success rates of all links from the master node to each slave node is obtained as the communication weight;

[0031] Find the slave node with the largest communication weight that is not in the communication set N, and merge it into the communication set until all slave nodes are merged into the communication set;

[0032] A communication routing table is constructed based on the order in which the slave nodes are incorporated into the communication set.

[0033] In this scheme, in order to obtain the optimal communication path, the product of the communication success rates of all links along a certain path of all nodes is statistically calculated, and the links with the highest communication success rate are found in turn. These links are combined to obtain the communication path with the lowest attenuation. In this way, the optimal communication path between any two nodes in the line is first calculated, and then a routing table is made based on these shortest paths and stored in a database. When data is to be collected, it is only necessary to select the optimal communication path from the routing table, which reduces the workload of finding the communication path, greatly reduces the impact of signal attenuation on the transmission of the carrier signal, and improves the communication success rate and transmission distance of the carrier signal transmission.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, in S3, the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal are adjusted to obtain the best networking planning scheme with the goal of optimizing the comprehensive communication effect of the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of the medium voltage distribution line, including the following steps:

[0035] Detecting noise around a medium voltage distribution line, and selecting an optimal operating frequency band that has minimal interference with communications of the medium voltage distribution line based on the detected noise;

[0036] Obtaining the working impedance between the communication terminal coupling point and the medium voltage distribution line, adjusting the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line so that the difference between the line impedance and the working impedance is less than or equal to the phase difference threshold to obtain the optimal line impedance;

[0037] Based on the coding information and querying the communication routing table when the corresponding coding communication terminal transmits the carrier signal, the best communication path is obtained based on the communication routing table;

[0038] The network is planned based on the optimal working frequency band, optimal line impedance and optimal communication path to obtain the best network planning solution.

[0039] In this scheme, in order to plan the network with the goal of optimizing the communication effect within the network, dynamic adjustments are made based on the influence of noise on each communication terminal, the signal attenuation when transmitting signals, and the impedance when communicating with the main station. When the three work together to achieve the best communication effect, the working frequency band of the communication terminal, the line impedance of the medium-voltage distribution line, and the communication path are used as data support for network planning. The construction of the network is planned based on the above data to ensure that the network has the best communication effect.

[0040] In a second aspect, a technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is: a remote mountainous area networking planning system based on medium voltage carrier technology, comprising:

[0041] Communication terminal: including a master communication terminal and a slave communication terminal, wherein the slave communication terminal encodes the signal based on the distance of the signal transmitted from the master station in the medium voltage distribution line, and is used to collect and receive the power consumption information of the user; the master communication terminal is electrically connected to the master station, and is used to transmit the power consumption information to the master station;

[0042] Medium voltage distribution line: electrically connected to the main communication terminal and the slave communication terminal, used to transmit the carrier signal converted from the power consumption information;

[0043] Main station: used to receive power consumption information sent from the communication terminal;

[0044] The slave communication terminal encrypts the collected power usage information based on the coding information, and the master station decrypts the encrypted power usage information based on the coding information of the communication terminal to obtain the power usage information;

[0045] The medium-voltage distribution line obtains signal attenuation information from the master station to each slave communication terminal, obtains a communication routing table of each slave communication terminal based on the signal attenuation information and coding information of the communication terminal, and obtains the communication path of the medium-voltage distribution line based on the communication routing table.

[0046] In this solution, in order to convert the collected electricity usage information into a carrier signal and then transmit the carrier signal to the main station, the user's electricity usage information is collected from the communication terminal, and the electricity usage information is transmitted to the communication module as a digital signal through the digital signal interface. The communication module converts the digital signal into a carrier signal and transmits the carrier signal to the medium-voltage distribution line. The data is transmitted to the slave communication terminal through the medium-voltage distribution line. The slave communication terminal then converts the carrier signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the main station. The main station processes the received data to obtain the user's electricity usage information. It only needs to use the existing and complete medium-voltage distribution line as the signal transmission channel, and there is no need to establish a new signal transmission line, so the equipment is simple and the investment cost is low.

[0047] Preferably, the slave communication terminal collects the user's electricity consumption information and uses the slave communication terminal as the target communication terminal, and splits the coded information of the target communication terminal based on the number of slave communication terminals participating in the communication;

[0048] The split coded information and the collected power consumption information are combined and encrypted to generate encrypted information and transmitted to the main station through the medium voltage distribution line;

[0049] The master station receives the encrypted information and decrypts it, reassembles and decrypts the split coded information to obtain the power consumption information sent by the target communication terminal.

[0050] In this scheme, in order to ensure the security of data transmission when power consumption information is converted into carrier signals through medium-voltage distribution lines, the slave communication terminals are encoded in order from near to far according to the distance from the main station to transmit the signal in the medium-voltage distribution line. The slave communication terminal that collects the power consumption information is used as the target communication terminal and the coded information of the target communication terminal is split according to the number of communication terminals participating in the communication. The split coded information is combined with the collected power consumption information to generate encrypted information. After receiving the encrypted information, the main station decrypts the encrypted information. The decryption process is to reorganize the split coded information and obtain the power consumption information based on the reorganized coded information. During signal transmission, there is not only the protection of the medium-voltage carrier communication channel but also the encryption protection of the information. The double protection ensures the security of information transmission.

[0051] Preferably, when the target communication terminal fails to directly communicate with the master station for multiple times, the collected power usage information and the coding information of the target communication terminal are sequentially transmitted to the adjacent coded slave communication terminals based on the coding information of the target communication terminal, and the adjacent slave communication terminal that receives the power usage information and the coding information of the target communication terminal is used as a relay communication terminal;

[0052] If the relay communication terminal fails to communicate with the main station for multiple times, the relay communication terminal will transmit the target communication terminal coding information and the collected power usage information to the adjacent coding communication terminal until the communication terminal transmits the target communication terminal coding information and the collected power usage information to the main station, and investigates the cause of the communication failure.

[0053] In this scheme, when power consumption information is sent from a communication terminal, if a communication failure occurs, the power consumption information that needs to be transmitted during this communication is sent to a slave communication terminal with an adjacent code. The slave communication terminal acts as a repeater. Each slave communication terminal has the ability to save the coding information of the adjacent coding slave communication terminal and the transmitted power consumption information. The relay communication terminal helps the slave communication terminal with a communication failure to transmit information, which can effectively prevent the problem of missing collection signals caused by a communication failure between a slave communication terminal and the main station. It can buy time for the staff to repair the communication, ensure the continuity and effectiveness of the network communication, and improve the adaptability and operation stability of the networking system.

[0054] Preferably, troubleshooting the cause of the communication failure includes the following steps:

[0055] When the master station fails to communicate with the target communication terminal for multiple times, a signal attenuation analysis of the target communication terminal is initiated based on the coding information of the target communication terminal, and the communication routing table is updated based on the analysis result.

[0056] In this scheme, due to the excessive number of slave communication terminals, communication failures will inevitably occur during the carrier communication process, which will affect the communication effect of the communication link in which the slave communication terminal participates. Therefore, re-finding an optimal communication path for the slave communication terminal will help reduce the impact of a communication failure in a slave communication terminal on the communication effect of the overall communication link. It can gain maintenance time without affecting the overall link communication, reduce the impact of the failure on the system operation, greatly ensure the overall communication quality, and improve the system's environmental adaptability.

[0057] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) The present invention collects electricity consumption information, converts the digital signal of the electricity consumption information into a carrier signal, and transmits the carrier signal to the main station through the medium-voltage distribution line as a communication channel, thereby solving the problem of wireless communication coverage in remote mountainous areas and improving the ability to collect electricity consumption information data in remote mountainous areas;

[0058] (2) The present invention classifies the noise received by the medium-voltage distribution line and analyzes its spectrum. By analyzing the influence of different types of noise on the medium-voltage distribution line in different working frequency bands, the working frequency band of the medium-voltage distribution line when transmitting signals is adaptively adjusted, thereby greatly reducing the influence of noise on the transmitted data and improving the quality of data transmission.

[0059] (3) The present invention analyzes the impedance of the medium voltage distribution line at different frequencies, so that the impedance of the communication terminal and the master station receiving end is adapted to the impedance of the medium voltage carrier channel, thereby improving the signal transmission rate and reception rate;

[0060] (4) The present invention analyzes the signal attenuation of the carrier signal on the medium-voltage distribution line and adaptively searches for the optimal communication path, thereby reducing the impact of signal attenuation on communication, increasing the signal transmission distance, and further improving the communication quality.

[0061] The above invention content is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same parts.

[0063] Figure 1This is a flow chart of a method for network planning in remote mountainous areas based on medium voltage carrier technology of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 A flow chart of a process for adjusting the communication terminal impedance of a carrier communication channel according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific implementation method described herein is only an optimal embodiment of the present invention, which is only used to explain the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flow charts. Although the flow charts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations (or steps) therein can be implemented in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but can also have additional steps not included in the drawings; the process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0067] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the problem that the communication coverage rate in remote mountainous areas is low and the medium voltage carrier communication is easily affected by external factors, resulting in low communication quality, this embodiment proposes a remote mountainous area network planning method based on medium voltage carrier technology, including the following steps:

[0068] S1: Install several communication terminals based on the user location, and encode the communication terminals based on the distance between the communication terminals and the main station in the medium voltage distribution line to transmit signals.

[0069] S2: Based on the coding of the communication terminal, the carrier signal is obtained to adapt to the working frequency band of the medium-voltage distribution line in different time domains and environments;

[0070] Synchronously, obtaining the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line adapted to different frequencies based on the code of the communication terminal and the topological structure of the medium voltage distribution line;

[0071] Synchronously, a communication path adapted to different frequency bands for each communication terminal is obtained based on the coding of the communication terminal combined with line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss on the medium-voltage distribution line.

[0072] In this embodiment, the carrier signal is obtained based on the coding of the communication terminal to adapt the working frequency band of the medium voltage distribution line in different time domains and environments, including the following steps:

[0073] Acquire the types and locations of medium voltage distribution lines corresponding to different coded communication terminals based on the coded information of the communication terminals;

[0074] Conduct field tests on medium-voltage distribution lines at different time points based on their types and locations, and collect noise data generated by the medium-voltage distribution lines;

[0075] Based on the collected noise data, the noise types are counted and analyzed, and a mathematical model of the noise generated by the medium-voltage distribution line is established. Different noise types are used as input to analyze the spectrum characteristics of each type of noise and the degree of interference it causes to the carrier signal.

[0076] Based on the analysis results, the operating frequency band in which the carrier signal is least affected by the corresponding type of noise in different noise environments is obtained.

[0077] In order to reduce the impact of noise on medium-voltage distribution lines, this embodiment detects the surrounding environment of the medium-voltage distribution lines at different time points, collects noise data on the medium-voltage distribution lines, classifies the noises on the medium-voltage distribution lines at different locations and types, takes corresponding noise suppression measures according to the types of noise, and divides them into several working frequency bands. The degree of influence of different noises in different working frequency bands is different. After comprehensive consideration, the on-site noise is analyzed, and the working frequency band with the least noise influence is selected, which can effectively reduce the impact of noise on the medium-voltage carrier communication channel, improve the clarity of the transmission signal, and improve the quality and efficiency of information extraction.

[0078] Specifically, this embodiment specifically targets the problem of noise smoothing, and re-divides the frequency bands, with a total of 8 frequency bands that can be adapted. Automatically adjust to work on the frequency band with the best communication performance. For noise interference, active noise reduction, analog filtering, and digital filtering are used to eliminate out-of-band noise, and error correction coding, interleaving, and diversity are used to correct bit errors caused by strong noise. Through the anti-interference design of adaptive notch mechanism and active noise suppression, the adaptive limiting mechanism is completed through dynamic threshold adjustment and noise notch; real-time spectrum following, dual-phase frequency noise filtering, and dynamic adjustment of thresholds to complete active noise suppression.

[0079] In this embodiment, obtaining the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line adapted to different frequencies based on the coding of the communication terminal and the topological structure of the medium voltage distribution line includes the following steps:

[0080] The type of the corresponding medium-voltage distribution line is obtained based on the code of the communication terminal, and a medium-voltage carrier impedance evaluation index system is constructed based on the type, topology and load of the medium-voltage distribution line;

[0081] The impedance of the medium voltage distribution line at different frequencies is obtained based on the frequency of the medium voltage distribution line transmission signal and the medium voltage carrier impedance evaluation index system.

[0082] In order to improve the impedance matching degree of the carrier signal sending device, the channel and the carrier signal receiving device, this embodiment establishes a carrier communication channel impedance index system based on the type of medium-voltage distribution line, the type of medium-voltage distribution line topology and the type of load on the medium-voltage distribution line, calculates the carrier communication channel impedance at different frequencies based on the frequency of the transmission signal, and adaptively adjusts the impedance of the carrier signal sending device and the carrier signal receiving device, so that the coupler of the communication terminal can be adjusted to match the carrier communication channel impedance at different frequencies, and the coupler of the master station can also match the impedance of the carrier communication channel at different frequencies, thereby improving the impedance matching degree of the carrier signal sending device, the channel and the carrier signal receiving device, thereby improving the signal sending rate and receiving rate, and reducing data loss during signal transmission.

[0083] Specifically, the impedance between the communication terminal coupling point and the medium voltage distribution line can be obtained. If the impedance is less than the carrier communication channel impedance and the difference is greater than the phase difference threshold, the impedance gear of the coupler of the communication terminal is adjusted to the adjacent higher gear;

[0084] If the impedance is greater than the carrier communication channel impedance and the difference is greater than the phase difference threshold, the impedance gear of the coupler of the communication terminal is adjusted to the next lower gear;

[0085] The impedance between the coupling point of the master station and the medium voltage distribution line is obtained. If the impedance is less than the carrier communication channel impedance and the difference is greater than the phase difference threshold, the impedance gear of the coupler of the master station is adjusted to the next higher gear;

[0086] If the impedance is greater than the carrier communication channel impedance and the difference is greater than the phase difference threshold, the impedance gear of the coupler of the master station is adjusted to the next lower gear.

[0087] In this embodiment, based on the coding of the communication terminal combined with the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss on the medium voltage distribution line, the communication path adapted to different frequency bands for each communication terminal is obtained, including the following steps:

[0088] The transmission line theory is used to analyze the line attenuation of the carrier signal on the medium voltage distribution line;

[0089] Use multipath topology and Kirchhoff's circuit laws to analyze multipath attenuation and shunt loss of carrier signals on medium voltage distribution lines;

[0090] Based on the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss of the carrier signal in the medium-voltage distribution line and the coding information of the communication terminal, a communication routing table is obtained when each communication terminal transmits the carrier signal, and the communication path of the carrier signal in the medium-voltage distribution line is obtained based on the communication routing table.

[0091] In order to analyze the attenuation of signals transmitted on medium-voltage distribution lines, this embodiment analyzes the attenuation characteristics of medium-voltage distribution lines through transmission line theory, multipath topology analysis and Kirchhoff's circuit law, obtains multipath attenuation, shunt loss and line attenuation of carrier signals on medium-voltage distribution lines, and uses a fixed routing method to generate a routing table on each communication terminal node. The table indicates which link should be used for forwarding for each destination address. Since it is planned during system design, it can be modified according to the test results at different stages. Based on the analyzed results, the communication path or relay equipment can be adjusted to reduce the attenuation of the carrier signal on the medium-voltage distribution lines and improve the transmission distance and efficiency of the carrier signal.

[0092] In this embodiment, based on the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss of the carrier signal on the medium voltage distribution line and the coding information of the communication terminal, the communication routing table when each communication terminal transmits the carrier signal is obtained, including the following steps:

[0093] Obtain the product of all link communication success rates from the master station to each communication terminal based on the coded information to obtain the communication weight from the master station to each communication terminal;

[0094] Set all communication terminals as slave nodes, number them in sequence according to the communication terminal coding information, and use the master station as the master node to build a communication set. The initial communication set contains only the master node.

[0095] Based on the coding information, the product of the communication success rates of all links from the master node to each slave node is obtained as the communication weight;

[0096] Find the slave node with the largest communication weight that is not in the communication set N, and merge it into the communication set until all slave nodes are merged into the communication set;

[0097] A communication routing table is constructed based on the order in which the slave nodes are incorporated into the communication set.

[0098] Specifically, all communication terminals can be set as slave nodes, the master station as the master node, and N is the set sum of all nodes. , for all nodes j not in N, set to: ,in, is the communication weight from the master node to node j, which is the product of the communication success rates of all links along a certain path; The communication between node j and the master station is successful. The master station node is node 1, and the slave nodes are numbered sequentially according to the communication terminal coding information; Node j fails to communicate with the master station; query a node i that is not in N, whose D(i) is the largest, and use The larger value in the update value until all line nodes are in N, that is:

[0099] , calculate the optimal communication path and generate a routing table.

[0100] In order to obtain the optimal communication path, this embodiment counts the product of the communication success rates of all links of all nodes along a certain path, sequentially searches for the links with the highest communication success rate, and combines these links to obtain the communication path with the lowest attenuation. In this way, the optimal communication path between any two nodes in the line is first calculated, and then a routing table is made according to these shortest paths and uniformly stored in a database. When data is to be collected, it is only necessary to select the optimal communication path from the routing table, which reduces the workload of finding the communication path, greatly reduces the impact of signal attenuation on the transmission of the carrier signal, and improves the communication success rate and transmission distance of the carrier signal transmission.

[0101] In order to improve the over-attenuation capability of the carrier signal and increase the transmission distance, increasing the transmitter power can also be used as a solution in this embodiment. When the carrier signal and the transmission channel are certain, the greater the transmitter power, the longer the transmission distance; increasing the transmitter power will increase the heating condition of the transmission circuit, and a matching heat dissipation design is required, such as adding a heat sink to the circuit board and opening heat dissipation holes on the transmitter housing. The transmitter power cannot be increased unlimitedly, and its upper limit is limited by several factors; on the one hand, it cannot exceed the rated voltage and rated power of the components on the transmission circuit, otherwise it will cause serious loss of the components; on the other hand, in order to prevent carrier communication from affecting the normal operation of the medium-voltage distribution network, the standards related to the medium-voltage power line carrier have set limits on the transmitter power; in order to save energy consumption, the transmitter power can be adaptively adjusted according to the effect of carrier communication; when the carrier communication effect is good, the transmitter power can be reduced by adjusting the relay; when the carrier communication effect is not good, the transmitter power is increased by adjusting the impedance matching.

[0102] In this embodiment, when the transmission path is too large, if the signal received by the master station is relatively weak, high-precision ADC sampling can be used as a solution to detect weak signals; in digital communication, the receiving end uses ADC to sample the received analog signal, and then uses the digitized sampled value for demodulation processing; the sampling accuracy of the receiving end is affected by the ADC resolution, and the ADC resolution depends on the number of bits of the ADC; the higher the number of bits of the ADC, the higher the ADC resolution, and the more accurate the collected digital sample value, and the higher the demodulation success rate of the receiving end, thereby solving the problem that the signal received by the master station receiving end is too weak to be recognized.

[0103] S3: With the goal of optimizing the comprehensive communication effect of the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of the medium-voltage distribution line, the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal are adjusted to obtain the best networking planning scheme.

[0104] In this embodiment, the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal are adjusted to obtain the best network planning scheme with the goal of optimizing the comprehensive communication effect of the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of the medium voltage distribution line, including the following steps:

[0105] Detecting noise around a medium voltage distribution line, and selecting an optimal operating frequency band that has minimal interference with communications of the medium voltage distribution line based on the detected noise;

[0106] Obtaining the working impedance between the communication terminal coupling point and the medium voltage distribution line, adjusting the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line so that the difference between the line impedance and the working impedance is less than or equal to the phase difference threshold to obtain the optimal line impedance;

[0107] Based on the coding information and querying the communication routing table when the corresponding coding communication terminal transmits the carrier signal, the best communication path is obtained based on the communication routing table;

[0108] The network is planned based on the optimal working frequency band, optimal line impedance and optimal communication path to obtain the best network planning solution.

[0109] In order to plan the network, this embodiment aims to optimize the communication effect within the network. By dynamically adjusting the influence of noise on each communication terminal, the signal attenuation when transmitting signals, and the impedance when communicating with the main station, the working frequency band of the communication terminal, the line impedance of the medium-voltage distribution line, and the communication path when the best communication effect is achieved under the combined action of the three are used as data support for network planning. The construction of the network is planned based on the above data, thereby ensuring that the network has the best communication effect.

[0110] In order to achieve communication coverage in remote mountainous areas where communication is underdeveloped, this embodiment lays a number of communication terminals in the remote mountainous area, collects regional electricity consumption information through the communication terminals, converts the electricity consumption information into carrier signals, uses medium-voltage distribution lines as carrier communication channels to transmit carrier signals, encrypts the electricity consumption information and transmits it to the main station through the carrier communication channel, and the main station decrypts the electricity consumption information to obtain regional electricity consumption information. In the process of signal transmission, since the medium-voltage distribution line is affected by noise, impedance and signal attenuation, the noise is analyzed during signal transmission, and the working frequency band is automatically switched according to the type and impact of the noise, and the impedance is adaptively adjusted so that the impedance of the receiving end and the transmitting end is adapted to the impedance of the carrier communication channel, and the optimal communication path is automatically found according to the degree of signal attenuation, and the impact of signal attenuation on communication efficiency is reduced, so that remote mountainous areas can not only achieve communication coverage through medium-voltage carrier technology, but also reduce the interference of noise on medium-voltage carrier communication, and improve the efficiency of carrier signal coupling by adjusting the impedance, maximize the carrier signal receiving efficiency, and reduce the impact of signal attenuation on signal transmission, and improve the distance of signal transmission.

[0111] Example 2: Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a remote mountainous area networking system based on medium voltage carrier technology, including:

[0112] Communication terminal: including a master communication terminal and a slave communication terminal, wherein the slave communication terminal encodes the signal based on the distance of the signal transmitted from the master station in the medium voltage distribution line, and is used to collect and receive the power consumption information of the user; the master communication terminal is electrically connected to the master station, and is used to transmit the power consumption information to the master station;

[0113] Medium voltage distribution line: electrically connected to the main communication terminal and the slave communication terminal, used to transmit the carrier signal converted from the power consumption information;

[0114] Main station: used to receive power consumption information sent from the communication terminal;

[0115] The slave communication terminal encrypts the collected power usage information based on the coding information, and the master station decrypts the encrypted power usage information based on the coding information of the communication terminal to obtain the power usage information;

[0116] The medium-voltage distribution line obtains signal attenuation information from the master station to each slave communication terminal, obtains a communication routing table of each slave communication terminal based on the signal attenuation information and coding information of the communication terminal, and obtains the communication path of the medium-voltage distribution line based on the communication routing table.

[0117] In order to convert the collected electricity usage information into a carrier signal and then transmit the carrier signal to the main station, this embodiment collects the user's electricity usage information from the communication terminal, and the electricity usage information is transmitted to the communication module as a digital signal through the digital signal interface. The communication module converts the digital signal into a carrier signal and transmits the carrier signal to the medium-voltage distribution line. The data is transmitted to the slave communication terminal through the medium-voltage distribution line. The slave communication terminal then converts the carrier signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the main station. The main station processes the received data to obtain the user's electricity usage information. It only needs to use the existing complete medium-voltage distribution line as the signal transmission channel, and there is no need to establish a new signal transmission line, so the equipment is simple and the investment cost is low.

[0118] In this embodiment, the user's power consumption information is collected from the slave communication terminal and the slave communication terminal is used as the target communication terminal, and the coded information of the target communication terminal is split based on the number of slave communication terminals participating in the communication;

[0119] The split coded information and the collected power consumption information are combined and encrypted to generate encrypted information and transmitted to the main station through the medium voltage distribution line;

[0120] The master station receives the encrypted information and decrypts it, reassembles and decrypts the split coded information to obtain the power consumption information sent by the target communication terminal.

[0121] In order to ensure the security of data transmission through medium-voltage distribution lines when power consumption information is converted into carrier signals, this embodiment encodes the slave communication terminals in the medium-voltage distribution lines in order from near to far according to the distance from the master station to transmit the signal, takes the slave communication terminal that collects the power consumption information as the target communication terminal and splits the coded information of the target communication terminal according to the number of communication terminals participating in the communication, combines the split coded information with the collected power consumption information to generate encrypted information, and decrypts the encrypted information after receiving the encrypted information. The decryption process is to reorganize the split coded information and obtain the power consumption information based on the reorganized coded information. During signal transmission, there is not only the protection of the medium-voltage carrier communication channel but also the encryption protection of the information. The double protection ensures the security of information transmission.

[0122] In this embodiment, when the target communication terminal fails to directly communicate with the master station for multiple times, the collected power usage information and the coding information of the target communication terminal are sequentially transmitted to the adjacent coded slave communication terminals based on the coding information of the target communication terminal, and the adjacent slave communication terminal that receives the power usage information and the coding information of the target communication terminal is used as a relay communication terminal;

[0123] If the relay communication terminal fails to communicate with the main station for multiple times, the relay communication terminal will transmit the target communication terminal coding information and the collected power usage information to the adjacent coding communication terminal until the communication terminal transmits the target communication terminal coding information and the collected power usage information to the main station, and investigates the cause of the communication failure.

[0124] In this embodiment, when power usage information is sent from the communication terminal, if a communication failure occurs, the power usage information that needs to be transmitted during this communication is sent to the slave communication terminal with an adjacent code. The slave communication terminal acts as a repeater. Each slave communication terminal has the ability to save the coding information of the adjacent coding slave communication terminal and the transmitted power usage information. The relay communication terminal helps the slave communication terminal with a communication failure to transmit information, which can effectively prevent the problem of missing collection signals caused by a communication failure between a slave communication terminal and the main station. It can buy time for the staff to repair the communication, ensure the continuity and effectiveness of the network communication, and improve the adaptability and operation stability of the networking system.

[0125] In this embodiment, troubleshooting the cause of the communication failure includes the following steps:

[0126] When the master station fails to communicate with the target communication terminal for multiple times, a signal attenuation analysis of the target communication terminal is initiated based on the coding information of the target communication terminal, and the communication routing table is updated based on the analysis result.

[0127] In this embodiment, due to the excessive number of slave communication terminals, communication failures are inevitable in the carrier communication process, which will affect the communication effect of the communication link in which the slave communication terminal participates. Therefore, re-finding an optimal communication path for the slave communication terminal helps to reduce the impact of a communication failure in a slave communication terminal on the communication effect of the overall communication link, and can gain maintenance time without affecting the overall link communication, thereby reducing the impact of the failure on the system operation, greatly ensuring the overall communication quality, and improving the environmental adaptability of the system.

[0128] It can be seen from the above embodiments that at least the following substantial effects are achieved:

[0129] (1) The present invention collects electricity consumption information, converts the digital signal of the electricity consumption information into a carrier signal, and transmits the carrier signal to the main station through the medium-voltage distribution line as a communication channel, thereby solving the problem of wireless communication coverage in remote mountainous areas and improving the ability to collect electricity consumption information data in remote mountainous areas;

[0130] (2) The present invention classifies the noise received by the medium-voltage distribution line and analyzes its spectrum. By analyzing the influence of different types of noise on the medium-voltage distribution line in different working frequency bands, the working frequency band of the medium-voltage distribution line when transmitting signals is adaptively adjusted, thereby greatly reducing the influence of noise on the transmitted data and improving the quality of data transmission.

[0131] (3) The present invention analyzes the impedance of the medium voltage distribution line at different frequencies, so that the impedance of the communication terminal and the master station receiving end is adapted to the impedance of the medium voltage carrier channel, thereby improving the efficiency of signal transmission and reception;

[0132] (4) The present invention analyzes the signal attenuation of the carrier signal on the medium-voltage distribution line and adaptively searches for the optimal communication path, thereby reducing the impact of signal attenuation on communication, increasing the signal transmission distance, and further improving the communication quality.

[0133] The specific implementation described above is a preferred implementation of a cable hidden danger detection method based on environmental pre-sensing technology of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the specific implementation scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to this specific implementation. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape and structure of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A network planning method for remote mountainous areas based on medium voltage carrier technology, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Install several communication terminals based on the user's location, and encode the communication terminals based on the distance between the communication terminals and the master station in the medium voltage distribution line to transmit signals; S2, based on the coding of the communication terminal, the carrier signal is obtained to adapt to the working frequency band of the medium voltage distribution line in different time domains and environments, including the following steps: Acquire the types and locations of medium voltage distribution lines corresponding to different coded communication terminals based on the coded information of the communication terminals; Conduct field tests on medium-voltage distribution lines at different time points based on their types and locations, and collect noise data generated by the medium-voltage distribution lines; Based on the collected noise data, the noise types are counted and analyzed, and a mathematical model of the noise generated by the medium-voltage distribution line is established. Different noise types are used as input to analyze the spectrum characteristics of each type of noise and the degree of interference it causes to the carrier signal. Based on the analysis results, the operating frequency band where the carrier signal is least affected by the corresponding type of noise in different noise environments is obtained; Synchronously, based on the coding of the communication terminal and the topological structure of the medium voltage distribution line, the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line adapted to different frequencies is obtained, including the following steps: The type of the corresponding medium-voltage distribution line is obtained based on the code of the communication terminal, and a medium-voltage carrier impedance evaluation index system is constructed based on the type, topology and load of the medium-voltage distribution line; The impedance of the medium voltage distribution line at different frequencies is obtained based on the frequency of the medium voltage distribution line transmission signal and the medium voltage carrier impedance evaluation index system; Synchronously, based on the coding of the communication terminal combined with the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss on the medium voltage distribution line, the communication path adapted to different frequency bands for each communication terminal is obtained, including the following steps: The transmission line theory is used to analyze the line attenuation of the carrier signal on the medium voltage distribution line; Use multipath topology and Kirchhoff's circuit laws to analyze multipath attenuation and shunt loss of carrier signals on medium voltage distribution lines; Based on the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss of the carrier signal on the medium-voltage distribution line and the coding information of the communication terminal, a communication routing table is obtained when each communication terminal transmits the carrier signal, and a communication path of the carrier signal on the medium-voltage distribution line is obtained based on the communication routing table; S3. With the goal of optimizing the comprehensive communication effect of the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of the medium-voltage distribution line, the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal are adjusted to obtain the best networking planning solution.

2. The method for network planning in remote mountainous areas based on medium voltage carrier technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Based on the line attenuation, multipath attenuation and shunt loss of the carrier signal on the medium voltage distribution line and the coding information of the communication terminal, a communication routing table when each communication terminal transmits the carrier signal is obtained, including the following steps: Obtain the product of all link communication success rates from the master station to each communication terminal based on the coded information to obtain the communication weight from the master station to each communication terminal; Set all communication terminals as slave nodes, number them in sequence according to the communication terminal coding information, and use the master station as the master node to build a communication set. The initial communication set contains only the master node. Based on the coding information, the product of the communication success rates of all links from the master node to each slave node is obtained as the communication weight; Find the slave node with the largest communication weight that is not in the communication set N, and merge it into the communication set until all slave nodes are merged into the communication set; A communication routing table is constructed based on the order in which the slave nodes are incorporated into the communication set.

3. The method for network planning in remote mountainous areas based on medium voltage carrier technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of each communication terminal are adjusted to obtain the best network planning scheme with the goal of optimizing the comprehensive communication effect of the working frequency band, line impedance and communication path of the medium voltage distribution line, including the following steps: Detecting noise around a medium voltage distribution line, and selecting an optimal operating frequency band that has minimal interference with communications of the medium voltage distribution line based on the detected noise; Obtaining the working impedance between the communication terminal coupling point and the medium voltage distribution line, adjusting the line impedance of the medium voltage distribution line so that the difference between the line impedance and the working impedance is less than or equal to the phase difference threshold to obtain the optimal line impedance; Based on the coding information and querying the communication routing table when the corresponding coding communication terminal transmits the carrier signal, the best communication path is obtained based on the communication routing table; The network is planned based on the optimal working frequency band, optimal line impedance and optimal communication path to obtain the best network planning solution.

4. A remote mountain area networking system based on medium voltage carrier technology, applicable to a remote mountain area networking planning method based on medium voltage carrier technology as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: Communication terminal: including a master communication terminal and a slave communication terminal, wherein the slave communication terminal encodes the signal based on the distance of the signal transmitted from the master station in the medium voltage distribution line, and is used to collect and receive the power consumption information of the user; the master communication terminal is electrically connected to the master station, and is used to transmit the power consumption information to the master station; Medium voltage distribution line: electrically connected to the main communication terminal and the slave communication terminal, used to transmit the carrier signal converted from the power consumption information; Main station: used to receive power consumption information sent from the communication terminal; The slave communication terminal encrypts the collected power usage information based on the coding information, and the master station decrypts the encrypted power usage information based on the coding information of the communication terminal to obtain the power usage information; The medium-voltage distribution line obtains signal attenuation information from the master station to each slave communication terminal, obtains a communication routing table of each slave communication terminal based on the signal attenuation information and coding information of the communication terminal, and obtains the communication path of the medium-voltage distribution line based on the communication routing table.

5. The remote mountainous area networking system based on medium voltage carrier technology according to claim 4 is characterized by: The slave communication terminal collects the user's power consumption information and uses the slave communication terminal as the target communication terminal, and splits the coded information of the target communication terminal based on the number of slave communication terminals participating in the communication; The split coded information and the collected power consumption information are combined and encrypted to generate encrypted information and transmitted to the main station through the medium voltage distribution line; The master station receives the encrypted information and decrypts it, reassembles and decrypts the split coded information to obtain the power consumption information sent by the target communication terminal.

6. The remote mountainous area networking system based on medium voltage carrier technology according to claim 5 is characterized by: When the target communication terminal fails to communicate with the master station for multiple times, the collected power usage information and the coding information of the target communication terminal are sequentially transmitted to the adjacent coded slave communication terminals based on the coding information of the target communication terminal, and the adjacent slave communication terminal that receives the power usage information and the coding information of the target communication terminal is used as a relay communication terminal; If the relay communication terminal fails to communicate with the main station for multiple times, the relay communication terminal will transmit the target communication terminal coding information and the collected power usage information to the adjacent coding communication terminal until the communication terminal transmits the target communication terminal coding information and the collected power usage information to the main station, and investigates the cause of the communication failure.

7. The remote mountainous area networking system based on medium voltage carrier technology according to claim 6 is characterized by: Troubleshoot the cause of the communication failure, including the following steps: When the master station fails to communicate with the target communication terminal for multiple times, a signal attenuation analysis of the target communication terminal is initiated based on the coding information of the target communication terminal, and the communication routing table is updated based on the analysis result.

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