Electrolytic mechanical combined polishing processing electrode for recasting layer of straight surface component and electrolytic processing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode for a recast layer of a straight-grained surface component and an electrolytic machining method thereof. The machining electrode comprises an insulating tube electrode, on the circumferential side wall of the insulating tube electrode are fixedly provided with an electrolytic electrode for a strong electrolytic reaction, an electrolytic grinding electrode for a weak electrolytic reaction and grinding, and a mechanical polishing electrode for mechanical grinding and polishing in sequence from bottom to top, the electrolytic electrode, the electrolytic grinding electrode and the mechanical polishing electrode are arranged at intervals from each other; the electrolytic electrode is a tubular metal electrode with a smooth outer surface; the electrolytic grinding electrode is a tubular metal electrode with abrasive grains electroplated on the outer surface; the mechanical polishing electrode is a tubular polishing grinding head structure; the invention has the advantages of being able to realize high-efficiency electrolytic polishing removal of the recast layer, high removal accuracy of the recast layer on the machining surface of the straight-grained surface component, high quality of the machining surface, and the machining method can be flexibly adjusted according to the removal quality requirements of the recast layer surface, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, in particular to an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode for a recast layer of a straight-grained surface component and an electrolytic machining method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Special cutting processing technologies such as laser cutting and electric spark cutting are widely used in aerospace and other fields. The above methods can achieve high-efficiency and high-precision processing of any metal material due to its energy accumulation effect. However, due to the chemical reaction caused by its principle characteristics and the material melting and etching process, it cannot be completely discharged from the processing area, and a recast layer will form on the surface after processing. In addition to the serious decline in quality, the recast layer surface will have problems such as heat-affected zone and residual stress. There will be physical defects such as microcracks and micropores on its surface, which will cause fatigue fracture of parts under the action of external variable loads, seriously affecting the service life of parts and limiting the use scenarios of the above technologies.

[0003] The parts required for products in the aerospace field are currently not allowed to have a recast layer, so current aerospace production companies usually use manual grinding, high-precision polishing and other methods to remove the recast layer. In the academic field, abrasive flow grinding, chemical corrosion, electrolytic machining and other methods are also gradually being studied for the removal of recast layers on the surfaces of various parts. Electrolytic machining is a processing method based on the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution of metal materials to achieve part material removal and molding. It has the advantages of high processing efficiency, high processing surface quality, no residual stress, and is not limited by the mechanical properties of metal materials. Therefore, electrolytic machining to remove the recast layer has begun to be used in the field of recast layer removal.

[0004] At present, in the field of aerospace, researchers usually combine electrolytic machining technology with EDM and laser machining to achieve machining without recast layer. Patent publication number CN112059340B discloses an electrolytic EDM composite cutting method using a tube electrode, which specifically discloses that the tube electrode rotates during the cutting process, and the electrolyte and air are alternately sprayed into the end surface machining gap. Electrolytic machining and EDM are alternately performed between the tube electrode and the workpiece, which improves the machining efficiency and machining quality; however, there are problems such as low removal accuracy of the recast layer on the machining surface and poor quality of the machining surface. If polishing equipment is used to improve the machining quality, the machining method for removing the recast layer of the straight surface component will be complicated and the machining efficiency will be low. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing processing electrode for the recast layer of a straight surface component and an electrolytic processing method thereof, which can realize high-efficiency electrolytic polishing removal of the recast layer, and has high removal accuracy and high quality of the processed surface of the recast layer of the straight surface component. The structure of the processing electrode is simple, and the method for high-quality and efficient removal of the recast layer of the straight surface component is simple. The processing method can be flexibly adjusted according to the removal quality requirements of the recast layer surface, and there is no need to switch workpieces and fixtures on multiple machine tools during the processing, which significantly reduces the processing steps, improves the flexibility and adaptability of the processing, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing processing electrode for a recast layer of a straight-grained component, the processing electrode comprising an insulating tube electrode, on the circumferential side wall of the insulating tube electrode, an electrolytic electrode for a strong electrolytic reaction, an electrolytic grinding electrode for a weak electrolytic reaction and grinding, and a mechanical polishing electrode for mechanical grinding and polishing are fixed in sequence from bottom to top, and the electrolytic electrode, the electrolytic grinding electrode and the mechanical polishing electrode are arranged at intervals from each other; the electrolytic electrode is a tubular metal electrode with a smooth outer surface; the electrolytic grinding electrode is a tubular metal electrode with abrasives electroplated on the outer surface; and the mechanical polishing electrode is a tubular polishing grinding head structure.

[0007] Furthermore, insulating convex rings are provided on the insulating tube electrode between the electrolytic electrode and the electrolytic grinding electrode and between the electrolytic grinding electrode and the mechanical polishing electrode; and the outer diameters of the electrolytic electrode, the electrolytic grinding electrode and the mechanical polishing electrode are the same.

[0008] Furthermore, the electrolytic electrode is made of tungsten-copper alloy material.

[0009] Furthermore, the particle size of the outer layer abrasive grains of the electrolytic grinding electrode is greater than 200 meshes, and the abrasive grains are diamond abrasive grains.

[0010] Furthermore, the mechanical polishing electrode is any one of a rubber grinding head, a cloth wheel grinding head, and a green carbon grinding wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, micro-jet structures A are evenly provided on the circumferential side walls of the insulating tube electrode at positions corresponding to the electrolysis electrode and the electrolytic grinding electrode, and micro-jet structures B matching their structures are provided on the electrolysis electrode and the electrolytic grinding electrode at positions corresponding to the micro-jet structures A.

[0012] Furthermore, the micro-jet structure A and the micro-jet structure B are both micro-jet holes or micro-slit structures.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: an electrolytic machining method of a recast layer of a straight surface component using an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode, comprising the following process:

[0014] First, the machining electrode and the workpiece are clamped on the electrode fixture and the workpiece fixture respectively, the workpiece is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the pulse power supply, the electrolytic electrode and the electrolytic grinding electrode are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the pulse power supply, and the connection lines between the electrolytic electrode and the electrolytic grinding electrode and the pulse power supply are provided with relays for controlling the power on and off thereof; and the workpiece and the machining electrode are both immersed in a high-concentration electrolyte, the inlet end of the insulating tube electrode is connected to the electrolyte supply system through a pipeline, so that the high-concentration electrolyte can be ejected from the micro-jet structure B provided on the side wall of the electrolytic electrode and the electrolytic grinding electrode, and the machining electrode is controlled to be in a rotating state all the time through the machine tool servo control system;

[0015] The specific processing process includes the following three steps:

[0016] Step 1: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode to move in the vertical direction, aligns the electrolytic electrode with the workpiece in the thickness direction, drives the machining electrode close to the machining surface of the workpiece, and maintains a certain machining gap; turns on the pulse power supply, energizes the electrolytic electrode and the pulse power supply, and disconnects the electrolytic grinding electrode and the pulse power supply, adjusts the voltage to a high voltage, and the machine tool servo control system drives the electrolytic electrode to quickly fly over the machining surface along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece, and electrolytically polishes and removes the recast layer on the surface of the workpiece through the strong electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic electrode until the stroke ends, and then turns off the power supply;

[0017] Step 2: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode to descend, aligns the electrolytic grinding electrode with the workpiece in the thickness direction, and drives the machining electrode to approach and contact the machining surface of the workpiece; turns on the power supply, energizes the electrolytic grinding electrode and the pulse power supply, and disconnects the electrolytic electrode and the pulse power supply, adjusts the voltage to a small voltage, and the machine tool servo control system drives the electrolytic grinding electrode to sweep the machining surface at high speed along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece, and flattens the machining surface from which the recast layer has been electrolytically removed by the weak electrolytic action of the electrolytic grinding electrode and the mechanical grinding generated by its abrasive particles, thereby further improving the machining surface quality of the workpiece, until the stroke ends, and then turns off the power supply;

[0018] Step three: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode to descend, aligns the mechanical polishing electrode with the workpiece in the thickness direction, and drives the machining electrode to approach and contact the machining surface of the workpiece; the machine tool servo control system drives the mechanical polishing electrode to grind the machining surface at high speed along the workpiece machining contour trajectory, and mechanically grinds and polishes the leveled machining surface through the mechanical polishing electrode to further improve the machining surface quality of the workpiece until the end of the stroke.

[0019] Furthermore, the high-concentration electrolyte is a neutral salt solution, and the concentration of the high-concentration electrolyte is greater than 20%; the large voltage is greater than 20V; and the small voltage is less than 5V.

[0020] Furthermore, the three processing steps can be changed according to the material and requirements of the processing object. If it is a straight surface component that only needs to remove the recast layer, only step one can be performed; if it is a titanium alloy material that needs to remove the recast layer and needs to remove intergranular corrosion with higher surface quality requirements, step one and step two can be performed; if it is a straight surface component that needs to remove the recast layer and has ultra-high surface quality requirements, step one, step two and step three can be performed in sequence, and step two, step three or only step three can be repeated.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The workpiece and the processing electrode are immersed in a high-concentration electrolyte, which can significantly increase the current density in the processing area. At the same time, the larger power supply voltage and higher electrolyte concentration can significantly increase the electric field strength, so as to achieve high-efficiency electrolytic dissolution of the recast layer material of the straight-grained surface component by the electrolytic electrode. With a higher flying speed, high-efficiency electrolytic polishing removal of the recast layer can be achieved;

[0023] 2. After the recast layer is electrolytically removed, the machined surface is subjected to high-speed sweeping processing by electrolytic grinding electrodes and mechanical polishing electrodes. The electrolytically machined surface can be electrolytically ground and leveled and further mechanically polished, which in turn improves the accuracy and quality of the machined surface;

[0024] 3. When the strong electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic electrode is used to electropolish and remove the recast layer on the surface of the workpiece, the electrolytic grinding electrode is powered off to prevent the electric field generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode during processing from causing stray corrosion on the workpiece surface; when the weak electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode and the mechanical grinding generated by the abrasive particles are used to level the processed surface from which the recast layer has been electrolytically removed, the electrolytic electrode is powered off to prevent the electric field generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode during processing from causing stray corrosion on the workpiece surface; further improve the processing accuracy.

[0025] 4. During the processing, it is only necessary to use the control system to control the lifting and lowering of the processing electrode, which significantly reduces the use of multiple electrodes in conventional methods. The structure of the processing electrode is simple, and the method for high-quality and efficient removal of the recast layer of the straight surface component is simple and the processing efficiency is high. The three steps can be flexibly adjusted according to the removal quality requirements of the recast layer surface, and there is no need to switch workpieces and fixtures on multiple machine tools when switching between steps, which significantly reduces the processing procedures and improves the flexibility and adaptability of processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the processing electrode structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front view of the machining electrode of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating tube electrode structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the machining electrode of the present invention when machining a workpiece;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the electrode processing process of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1, workpiece; 2, machining electrode; 21, insulating tube electrode; 211, microjet structure A; 212, insulating convex ring; 22, electrolytic electrode; 221, microjet structure B; 23, electrolytic grinding electrode; 231, abrasive particles; 24, mechanical polishing electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0033] See also Figure 1-3The present invention provides a technical solution: an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode for a recast layer of a straight-grained surface component, the machining electrode 2 comprises an insulating tube electrode 21, on the circumferential side wall of the insulating tube electrode 21, an electrolytic electrode 22 for a strong electrolytic reaction, an electrolytic grinding electrode 23 for a weak electrolytic reaction and grinding, and a mechanical polishing electrode 24 for mechanical grinding and polishing are fixed in sequence from bottom to top, and the electrolytic electrode 22, the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the mechanical polishing electrode 24 are arranged at intervals from each other; the insulating tube electrode 21 is provided with insulating electrodes between the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and between the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the mechanical polishing electrode 24 Convex ring 212; the outer diameters of the electrolytic electrode 22, the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the mechanical polishing electrode 24 are the same; the electrolytic electrode 22 is a tubular metal electrode with a smooth outer surface; the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 is a tubular metal electrode with abrasive particles 231 electroplated on the outer surface; the mechanical polishing electrode 24 is a tubular polishing grinding head structure; micro-jet structures A211 are uniformly provided on the circumferential side wall of the insulating tube electrode 21 at the positions corresponding to the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23, and the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 are both provided with micro-jet structures B221 compatible with their structures at the positions corresponding to the micro-jet structures A211.

[0034] Furthermore, the electrolytic electrode 22 is made of tungsten-copper alloy material.

[0035] Furthermore, the particle size of the outer layer abrasive grains 231 of the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 is greater than 200 meshes, and the abrasive grains 231 are diamond abrasive grains.

[0036] Furthermore, the mechanical polishing electrode 24 is any one of a rubber grinding head, a cloth wheel grinding head, and a green carbon grinding wheel.

[0037] Furthermore, the micro-jet structure A211 and the micro-jet structure B221 are both micro-jet holes or micro-slit structures.

[0038] In the embodiment disclosed, the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 are connected to the negative electrode of the external pulse power supply, the straight surface component is connected to the positive electrode of the external pulse power supply, and the inlet end of the insulating tube electrode 21 is connected to the electrolyte supply system through a pipeline; after turning on the power, the strong electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic electrode 22 is used for electrolytic polishing to remove the recast layer of the straight surface component; the weak electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the mechanical grinding generated by the abrasive particles 231 are used to level the machined surface from which the recast layer has been electrolytically removed, thereby further improving the quality of the machined surface; the mechanical polishing electrode 24 is used to mechanically grind and polish the leveled machined surface, thereby further improving the quality of the machined surface; the high-concentration electrolyte can be ejected from the microjet structure B221 provided on the side walls of the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 through the microjet structure A211 to flush the electrolytic processing products on the processing surface, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency of electrolytic polishing to remove the recast layer and electrolytic grinding and leveling. Embodiment 2

[0039] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention also provides a technical solution: an electrolytic processing method of an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing processing electrode for a recast layer of a straight surface component, comprising the following process:

[0040] First, the machining electrode 2 and the workpiece 1 are clamped on the electrode fixture and the workpiece fixture respectively, the workpiece 1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the pulse power supply, the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the pulse power supply, and the connection lines between the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the pulse power supply are provided with relays for controlling the power on and off thereof; and the workpiece 1 and the machining electrode 2 are both immersed in a high-concentration electrolyte, the inlet end of the insulating tube electrode 21 is connected to the electrolyte supply system through a pipeline, so that the high-concentration electrolyte can be ejected from the micro-jet structure B221 provided on the side wall of the electrolytic electrode 22 and the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 through the micro-jet structure A211, and the machining electrode 2 is always controlled to be in a rotating state by the machine tool servo control system;

[0041] The specific processing process includes the following three steps:

[0042] Step 1: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode 2 to move in the vertical direction, aligns the electrolytic electrode 22 with the workpiece 1 in the thickness direction, drives the machining electrode 2 close to the machining surface of the workpiece 1, and maintains a certain machining gap; turns on the pulse power supply, energizes the electrolytic electrode 22 and the pulse power supply, disconnects the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the pulse power supply, adjusts the voltage to a high voltage, and the machine tool servo control system drives the electrolytic electrode 22 to quickly fly over the machining surface along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece 1, and electrolytically polishes and removes the recast layer on the surface of the workpiece 1 through the strong electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic electrode 22 until the stroke ends, and then turns off the power supply;

[0043] Step 2: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode 2 to descend, aligns the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 with the workpiece 1 in the thickness direction, and drives the machining electrode 2 to approach and contact the machining surface of the workpiece 1; turn on the power supply, so that the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the pulse power supply are energized, and the electrolytic electrode 22 and the pulse power supply are powered off, and the voltage is adjusted to a small voltage. The machine tool servo control system drives the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 to sweep the machining surface at high speed along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece 1, and the weak electrolytic effect generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the mechanical grinding generated by the abrasive particles 231 are used to level the machining surface from which the recast layer has been electrolytically removed, so as to further improve the machining surface quality of the workpiece 1, until the stroke is completed, and then the power supply is turned off;

[0044] Step three, the machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode 2 to descend, aligns the mechanical polishing electrode 24 with the workpiece 1 in the thickness direction, and drives the machining electrode 2 to approach and contact the machining surface of the workpiece 1; the machine tool servo control system drives the mechanical polishing electrode 24 to grind the machining surface at high speed along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece 1, and mechanically grinds and polishes the leveled machining surface through the mechanical polishing electrode 24 to further improve the machining surface quality of the workpiece 1 until the stroke ends.

[0045] Furthermore, the high-concentration electrolyte is a neutral salt solution, and the concentration of the high-concentration electrolyte is greater than 20%; the large voltage is greater than 20V; and the small voltage is less than 5V.

[0046] Furthermore, the three processing steps can be changed according to the material and requirements of the processing object. If it is a straight surface component that only needs to remove the recast layer, only step one can be performed; if it is a titanium alloy material that needs to remove the recast layer and needs to remove intergranular corrosion with higher surface quality requirements, step one and step two can be performed; if it is a straight surface component that needs to remove the recast layer and has ultra-high surface quality requirements, step one, step two and step three can be performed in sequence, and step two, step three or only step three can be repeated.

[0047] The electrolytic machining method of the electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode for the recast layer of the straight surface component disclosed in this embodiment, the workpiece 1 and the machining electrode 2 are immersed in a high-concentration electrolyte, which can significantly increase the current density in the machining area. At the same time, the larger power supply voltage and the higher electrolyte concentration can significantly increase the electric field strength, so that the electrolytic electrode 22 can achieve high-efficiency electrolytic dissolution of the recast layer material of the straight surface component, and match the higher flying speed, so as to achieve high-efficiency electrolytic polishing removal of the recast layer;

[0048] After the recast layer is electrolytically removed, the machined surface is subjected to high-speed sweeping processing by the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the mechanical polishing electrode 24, and the electrolytically machined surface can be electrolytically ground and leveled and further mechanically polished, which in turn improves the accuracy and quality of the machined surface;

[0049] When the strong electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic electrode 22 electrolytically polishes and removes the recast layer on the surface of the workpiece 1, the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 is powered off to prevent the electric field generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 being powered on during processing from causing stray corrosion to the surface of the workpiece 1; when the weak electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode 23 and the mechanical grinding generated by the abrasive particles 231 level the processed surface from which the recast layer has been electrolytically removed, the electrolytic electrode 22 is powered off to prevent the electric field generated by the electrolytic grinding electrode 22 being powered on during processing from causing stray corrosion to the surface of the workpiece 1, further improving the processing accuracy.

[0050] During the machining process, it is only necessary to use the control system to control the lifting and lowering of the machining electrode 2, which significantly reduces the use of multiple electrodes in conventional methods. The structure of the machining electrode 2 is simple, and the method for high-quality and efficient removal of the recast layer of the straight surface component is simple, and the machining efficiency is high. The three steps can be flexibly adjusted according to the removal quality requirements of the recast layer surface, and there is no need to switch the workpiece 1 and the fixture on multiple machine tools when switching between each step, which significantly reduces the machining process and improves the flexibility and adaptability of the machining.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrolytic mechanical combined polishing electrode for recasting layer of a straight surface component, characterized in that: The machining electrode (2) comprises an insulating tube electrode (21), on the circumferential side wall of the insulating tube electrode (21), an electrolytic electrode (22) for generating a strong electrolytic reaction, an electrolytic grinding electrode (23) for generating a weak electrolytic reaction and grinding, and a mechanical polishing electrode (24) for mechanical grinding and polishing are fixedly arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the electrolytic electrode (22), the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and the mechanical polishing electrode (24) are arranged at intervals from each other; the electrolytic electrode (22) is a tubular metal electrode with a smooth outer surface; the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) is a tubular metal electrode with abrasive grains (231) electroplated on the outer surface; and the mechanical polishing electrode (24) is a tubular polishing grinding head structure.

2. The electrolytic mechanical combined polishing electrode for recasting layer of a straight surface component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating tube electrode (21) is provided with insulating convex rings (212) between the electrolytic electrode (22) and the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and between the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and the mechanical polishing electrode (24); the outer diameters of the electrolytic electrode (22), the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and the mechanical polishing electrode (24) are the same.

3. The electrolytic mechanical combined polishing electrode for recasting layer of a straight surface component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic electrode (22) is made of tungsten-copper alloy material.

4. The electrolytic mechanical combined polishing electrode for recasting layer of a straight surface component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the abrasive grains (231) on the outer layer of the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) is greater than 200 meshes, and the abrasive grains (231) are diamond abrasive grains.

5. The electrolytic mechanical combined polishing electrode for recasting layer of a straight surface component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical polishing electrode (24) is any one of a rubber grinding head, a cloth wheel grinding head, and a green carbon grinding wheel.

6. The electrolytic mechanical combined polishing electrode for recasting layer of a straight surface component according to claim 1, characterized in that: Micro-jet structures A (211) are uniformly provided on the circumferential side wall of the insulating tube electrode (21) at positions corresponding to the electrolysis electrode (22) and the electrolysis grinding electrode (23), and micro-jet structures B (221) matching their structures are provided on the electrolysis electrode (22) and the electrolysis grinding electrode (23) at positions corresponding to the micro-jet structures A (211).

7. The electrolytic mechanical combined polishing electrode for recasting layer of a straight surface component according to claim 6, characterized in that: The micro-jet structure A (211) and the micro-jet structure B (221) are both micro-jet holes or micro-slit structures.

8. An electrolytic machining method of a recast layer of a straight surface component using an electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The process includes: First, the machining electrode (2) and the workpiece (1) are clamped on an electrode fixture and a workpiece fixture respectively, the workpiece (1) is electrically connected to the positive electrode of a pulse power supply, the electrolytic electrode (22) and the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the pulse power supply, and a relay for controlling power on and off is provided on the connection lines between the electrolytic electrode (22) and the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and the pulse power supply; and the workpiece (1) and the machining electrode (2) are both immersed in a high-concentration electrolyte, the inlet end of the insulating tube electrode (21) is connected to the electrolyte supply system through a pipeline, so that the high-concentration electrolyte can be ejected from the micro-jet structure B (221) provided on the side walls of the electrolytic electrode (22) and the electrolytic grinding electrode (23), and the machining electrode (2) is always controlled to be in a rotating state by a machine tool servo control system; The specific processing process includes the following three steps: Step 1: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode (2) to move in the vertical direction, aligns the electrolytic electrode (22) with the workpiece (1) in the thickness direction, drives the machining electrode (2) close to the machining surface of the workpiece (1), and maintains a certain machining gap; turns on the pulse power supply, energizes the electrolytic electrode (22) and the pulse power supply, disconnects the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and the pulse power supply, adjusts the voltage to a high voltage, and the machine tool servo control system drives the electrolytic electrode (22) to quickly fly over the machining surface along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece (1), and electrolytically polishes and removes the recast layer on the surface of the workpiece (1) through the strong electrolytic action generated by the electrolytic electrode (22), until the stroke ends, and then turns off the power supply; Step 2: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode (2) to descend, aligns the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) with the workpiece (1) in the thickness direction, and drives the machining electrode (2) to approach and contact the machining surface of the workpiece (1); turns on the power supply, energizes the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and the pulse power supply, disconnects the electrolytic electrode (22) and the pulse power supply, adjusts the voltage to a low voltage, and drives the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) to sweep the machining surface at high speed along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece (1), and flattens the machining surface from which the recast layer has been electrolytically removed through the weak electrolytic action of the electrolytic grinding electrode (23) and the mechanical grinding of the abrasive particles (231), thereby further improving the machining surface quality of the workpiece (1), until the stroke ends and the power supply is turned off; Step 3: The machine tool servo control system controls the machining electrode (2) to descend, aligns the mechanical polishing electrode (24) with the workpiece (1) in the thickness direction, and drives the machining electrode (2) to approach and contact the machining surface of the workpiece (1); the machine tool servo control system drives the mechanical polishing electrode (24) to grind the machining surface at high speed along the machining contour trajectory of the workpiece (1), and mechanically grinds and polishes the flattened machining surface through the mechanical polishing electrode (24), thereby further improving the machining surface quality of the workpiece (1), until the stroke ends.

9. The electrolytic machining method of the electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode for the recast layer of a straight surface component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-concentration electrolyte is a neutral salt solution, and the concentration of the high-concentration electrolyte is greater than 20%; the large voltage is greater than 20V; and the small voltage is less than 5V.

10. The electrolytic machining method of the electrolytic mechanical combined polishing machining electrode for the recast layer of a straight surface component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The three processing steps can be changed according to the material and requirements of the processing object. If it is a straight surface component that only needs to remove the recast layer, only step one can be performed; if it is a titanium alloy material that needs to remove the recast layer and needs to remove intergranular corrosion with higher surface quality requirements, step one and step two can be performed; if it is a straight surface component that needs to remove the recast layer and has ultra-high surface quality requirements, step one, step two and step three can be performed in sequence, and step two, step three or only step three can be repeated.

Images