A Three-Dimensional Online Tool Pose Detection Device and Method

Abstract

A three-dimensional on-line tool pose detection device and method, belonging to the technical field of machining. It can realize on-line detection of the tool in three axial directions, improving the machining stability and reliability. The cylindrical workpiece is clamped by a four-jaw chuck. A displacement amplification device is arranged between the jaws of the four-jaw chuck and the connecting plate. The connecting plate is installed on the square cavity, and the square cavity is installed on the micro-force sensing device. Strain gauges are installed on both the micro-force sensing device and the displacement amplification device for detecting displacements in three axial directions. Without contacting the workpiece, the present invention can accurately detect the tool pose, avoiding interference with the object to be measured, being able to adapt to moving objects, and improving the flexibility of detection. The present invention can accurately detect the micro-strain of an object, is very sensitive to the change of micro-strain, and can quickly respond to the detected information, thus obtaining high-precision information. The present invention can obtain the displacement information of the object to be measured from different angles, providing a more comprehensive and accurate detection result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional on-line tool pose detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] Micro milling is a high-precision manufacturing technology, which is often used for machining hard and brittle materials such as ceramics, glass, silicon carbide and sapphire. These materials have wide applications in high-tech fields such as aerospace, semiconductor, optics and medical devices. However, due to their high hardness and brittleness, traditional machining methods often have difficulty in achieving high-precision and high-efficiency machining. The remarkable characteristics of hard and brittle materials are high hardness and brittleness. High hardness makes it difficult to produce plastic deformation during machining, while high brittleness means that these materials are prone to crack or even break under external force. Traditional machining methods such as turning and grinding often have difficulty in achieving fine machining of hard and brittle materials, resulting in poor surface quality and low machining efficiency.

[0003] Micro milling is a technology that can effectively machine hard and brittle materials. Micro milling can achieve machining accuracy at the micron or even nanometer level, meeting the machining requirements of high-precision parts. Micro milling can obtain excellent surface quality, reduce subsequent polishing or grinding processes, and improve machining efficiency. Micro milling can machine complex three-dimensional shapes and microstructures, and is suitable for the manufacture of complex parts. Repeated clamping and positioning will result in large cumulative errors, reducing machining efficiency and quality. Applying monitoring technology to achieve real-time monitoring of the machining process can timely adjust the tool pose and improve machining stability and reliability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for three-dimensional on-line tool pose detection to meet the usage requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of real-time monitoring in the process of micro milling, the present invention further provides a three-dimensional on-line tool pose detection device and method, which can realize on-line detection of the tool in three axial directions and improve machining stability and reliability.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A three-dimensional on-line tool pose detection device includes a micro force sensing device, a square cavity, a four-jaw chuck, strain gauges, a plurality of connecting plates and a plurality of displacement amplification devices; a cylindrical workpiece is clamped by the four-jaw chuck, the four-jaw chuck is installed on the square cavity, a displacement amplification device is arranged between the jaws of the four-jaw chuck and the connecting plate, the connecting plate is installed on the square cavity, the square cavity is installed on the micro force sensing device, and strain gauges are installed on both the micro force sensing device and the displacement amplification device for detecting displacements in three axial directions.

[0007] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0008] 1. Without contacting the workpiece, the present invention can accurately detect the tool pose, avoiding interference with the object to be measured, being able to adapt to moving objects, and improving the flexibility of detection.

[0009] 2. The present invention can accurately detect the micro-strain of an object, is very sensitive to micro-strain changes, and can quickly respond to the detected information, thus obtaining high-precision information.

[0010] 3. The present invention has a significant impact on the quality of the machining surface, improving the surface finish. It can monitor the tool pose in real time and automatically adjust when a deviation is detected.

[0011] 4. The present invention can timely detect and correct errors during the working process, avoiding waste products caused by tool pose deviation, thereby reducing material waste and processing costs.

[0012] 5. By using strain gauges, the present invention can obtain displacement information of the object to be measured from different angles, providing more comprehensive and accurate detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a top view of the square cavity and four-jaw chuck of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 is a front view of the four-jaw chuck of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 is a front view of the micro-force sensing device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 is a top view of the displacement amplification device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 is a displacement simulation diagram of the milling process of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 is a strain simulation diagram of the displacement amplification device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 8 is a stress simulation diagram of the micro-force sensing device of the present invention;

[0021] Wherein: 1. Micro-force sensing device; 2. Square cavity; 3. Connecting plate; 4. Displacement amplification device; 5. Four-jaw chuck; 6. Cylindrical workpiece; 7. Nut; 101. Transition plate; 102. Micro-force plate; 103. Bottom plate; 104. Base; 401. Amplification plate A; 402. Amplification rod; 403. Amplification plate B; 404. Amplification plate C; 405. Amplification seat; 406. Amplification plate D; 501. Disc body; 502. Lead screw; 503. Claw; 801. Bolt 1; 802. Bolt 2; 803. Bolt 3; 804. Bolt 4; 901. Strain gauge 1; 902. Strain gauge 2. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional on-line tool pose detection device, including a micro-force sensing device 1, a square cavity 2, a four-jaw chuck 5, strain gauges, a plurality of connecting plates 3 and a plurality of displacement amplification devices 4; the cylindrical workpiece 6 is clamped by the four-jaw chuck 5, the four-jaw chuck 5 is installed on the square cavity 2, a displacement amplification device 4 is arranged between the claw 503 of the four-jaw chuck 5 and the connecting plate 3, the connecting plate 3 is installed on the square cavity 2, the square cavity 2 is installed on the micro-force sensing device 1, and strain gauges are installed on both the micro-force sensing device 1 and the displacement amplification device 4 for detecting three axial displacements.

[0024] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the four-jaw chuck 5 includes a disc body 501, a plurality of lead screws 502 and a plurality of claws 503; the disc body 501 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves from the outer circumferential surface inwards, the plurality of claws 503 are symmetrically distributed in the plurality of positioning grooves, and a lead screw 502 is installed between each claw 503 and the positioning groove, and the claw 503 is driven by the lead screw 502 to move respectively to adjust the position of the claw 503 to clamp the cylindrical workpiece 6, and each claw 503 can move independently; the cylindrical workpiece 6 is installed on the four-jaw chuck 5, and the claw 503 is moved by the lead screw 502 to clamp the cylindrical workpiece 6.

[0025] As Figure 2 shown, the plurality of claws 503 of the four-jaw chuck 5 are symmetrically distributed around the center of the disc body 501, and the plurality of connecting plates 3 are correspondingly arranged around the outside of the claws 503 of the four-jaw chuck 5 and installed on the square cavity 2.

[0026] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, one end of the displacement amplification device 4 is connected to the jaw 503 and fixed by bolt three 803. The other end of the displacement amplification device 4 is connected to the connecting plate 3 by bolt four 804 and nut 7. The tail of the connecting plate 3 has an opening groove. The connecting plate 3 is installed on the square cavity 2 through the opening groove and bolt two 802. Before installation, due to the opening groove at the tail of the connecting plate 3, the displacement amplification device 4 can move with the movement of the jaw 503 to adapt to cylindrical workpieces 6 of different sizes and shapes. After the four-jaw chuck 5 clamps the cylindrical workpiece 6, the connecting plate 3 is fixed by bolt two 802. The displacement amplification device 4 is connected to the jaw 503 and is symmetrically distributed.

[0027] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the displacement amplification device 4 includes a magnification plate A401, a magnification rod 402, a magnification plate B403, a magnification plate C404, a magnification base 405 and a magnification plate D406. The magnification plate A401, the magnification plate B403 and the magnification base 405 are arranged in parallel. One side of the magnification plate A401 is attached to the jaw 503 and connected by bolt three 803. The other side of the magnification plate A401 is connected to one end of the magnification rod 402. The other end of the magnification rod 402 is connected to the magnification plate B403. The magnification plate B403 is connected to one end of the magnification plate C404 through a flexible hinge. The other end of the magnification plate C404 is connected to the magnification plate D406 through a flexible hinge. A strain gauge two 902 is installed on the magnification plate D406 to detect the forces in the X and Y axis directions. The magnification plate D406 is connected to the magnification base 405 through a flexible hinge. The magnification base 405 is connected to the connecting plate 3 by bolt four 804. The magnification plate C404 is connected to the magnification base 405 through a flexible hinge.

[0028] The displacement amplification device 4 is a flexible hinge structure with an amplification function. Under the action of a small force at the jaw 503, it can output a more obvious deformation at the end of the connecting plate 3, and different degrees of deformation will be generated for different magnitudes of forces. The strain gauge two 902 is installed at the maximum strain of the displacement amplification device 4.

[0029] The strain gauge two 902 is arranged on the magnification plate D406. Four strain gauges two 902 are respectively arranged on the four magnification plates D406 and are located at the maximum strain. The displacement amplification device 4 is connected to the jaw 503. The stress of the jaw 503 is transmitted to the displacement amplification device 4, resulting in obvious strain in the displacement amplification device 4. The strain gauge two 902 is placed at the maximum strain. The strain gauge 902 outputs signals in real time to detect the tool pose, and the tool pose is adjusted according to the output signals.

[0030] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the square cavity 2 is placed on the micro-force sensing device 1, and the four-jaw chuck 5, the square cavity 2, and the micro-force sensing device 1 are fixed together from top to bottom by bolt 801.

[0031] As Figure 4 shown, the micro-force sensing device 1 includes a transition plate 101, a micro-force plate 102, a bottom plate 103, and a base 104; the bottom plate 103 and the transition plate 101 are horizontally arranged side by side above the base 104. One end of the bottom plate 103 is connected to the base 104 through a flexible hinge, and the other end of the bottom plate 103 is connected to the upper end of the vertically arranged micro-force plate 102. A strain gauge 901 is installed on the vertical side of the micro-force plate 102 for detecting the force in the Z-axis direction. The lower end of the micro-force plate 102 is connected to one end of the transition plate 101 through a flexible hinge, and the other end of the transition plate 101 is connected to the base 104 through a flexible hinge.

[0032] The strain gauge 901 detects the force in the Z-axis direction and is sensitive to the force in the vertical direction. When a force in the Z-axis direction is generated on the workpiece being processed, the strain gauge 901 can generate corresponding changes in real time.

[0033] The materials of the micro-force sensing device 1, the square cavity 2, and the displacement amplification device 4 are 1100-type aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy used has a relatively high deformation coefficient and can generate a large strain for a small force.

[0034] The material of the four-jaw chuck 5 is gray cast iron.

[0035] The material of the cylindrical workpiece 6 is silica.

[0036] As Figure 6 shown, when a milling force of 0.1 N is applied to the cylindrical workpiece 6, the displacement deformation of the displacement amplification device 4 is 1.8 μm, which is within the detectable range of the strain gauge, verifying the correctness of the theoretical design.

[0037] As Figures 7 - 8 shown, the maximum strain point is found in the device through simulation, and the strain gauge is installed here. After the strain gauge is stressed, due to the strain at the measuring point, the sensitive grid also deforms, causing its resistance to change. Then, the size of the resistance change is measured by a special instrument and converted into the strain value of the measuring point. The small deformations accumulate to form a larger cumulative value of the resistance change amount, and the strain gauge can detect faster and more accurately.

[0038] It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will know that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Additionally, under the teaching of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional online tool posture detection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a micro-force sensing device (1), a square cavity (2), a four-jaw chuck (5), a strain gauge, a plurality of connecting plates (3) and a plurality of displacement amplifying devices (4); a cylindrical workpiece (6) is clamped by the four-jaw chuck (5), the four-jaw chuck (5) is mounted on the square cavity (2), a displacement amplifying device (4) is arranged between the clamping jaws (503) of the four-jaw chuck (5) and the connecting plate (3), the connecting plate (3) is mounted on the square cavity (2), and the square cavity (2) is mounted on the micro-force sensing device (1 ), strain gauges are installed on both the micro-force sensing device (1) and the displacement amplification device (4) for detecting three axial displacements, one end of the displacement amplification device (4) is connected to the claw (503) and fixed by bolt three (803), and the other end of the displacement amplification device (4) is connected to the connecting plate (3) by bolt four (804) and a nut (7), the tail of the connecting plate (3) has an open groove, and the connecting plate (3) is installed on the square cavity (2) by means of the open groove and bolt two (802), The micro-force sensing device (1) comprises a transition plate (101), a micro-force plate (102), a bottom plate (103) and a base (104); the bottom plate (103) and the transition plate (101) are arranged horizontally side by side above the base (104); one end of the bottom plate (103) is connected to the base (104) via a flexible hinge, and the other end of the bottom plate (103) is connected to the upper end of a vertically arranged micro-force plate (102); a strain gauge (901) is installed on the vertical side surface of the micro-force plate (102) for detecting the force in the Z-axis direction; the lower end of the micro-force plate (102) is connected to one end of the transition plate (101) via a flexible hinge, and the other end of the transition plate (101) is connected to the base (104) via a flexible hinge.

2. A three-dimensional online tool posture detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-jaw chuck (5) comprises a chuck body (501), a plurality of lead screws (502) and a plurality of clamping jaws (503); the chuck body (501) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves extending inwardly from an outer circumferential surface, the plurality of clamping jaws (503) are distributed in the plurality of positioning grooves, a lead screw (502) is installed between each clamping jaw (503) and the positioning groove, and the lead screw (502) drives the clamping jaws (503) to move respectively, the cylindrical workpiece (6) is installed on the four-jaw chuck (5), and the clamping jaws (503) are moved by the lead screw (502) to clamp the cylindrical workpiece (6).

3. A three-dimensional online tool posture detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of clamping jaws (503) of the four-jaw chuck (5) are symmetrically distributed around the center of the chuck body (501), and the plurality of connecting plates (3) are correspondingly arranged around the outside of the clamping jaws (503) of the four-jaw chuck (5) and mounted on the square cavity (2).

4. A three-dimensional online tool posture detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The displacement amplifying device (4) comprises an amplifying plate A (401), an amplifying rod (402), an amplifying plate B (403), an amplifying plate C (404), an amplifying seat (405) and an amplifying plate D (406); the amplifying plate A (401), the amplifying plate B (403) and the amplifying seat (405) are arranged in parallel, one side of the amplifying plate A (401) is in contact with the clamping claw (503) and connected via a bolt (803), the other side of the amplifying plate A (401) is connected to one end of the amplifying rod (402), and the other end of the amplifying rod (402) is connected to the amplifying plate B (403). ), the amplifying plate B (403) is connected to one end of the amplifying plate C (404) through a flexible hinge, the other end of the amplifying plate C (404) is connected to the amplifying plate D (406) through a flexible hinge, a strain gauge II (902) is installed on the amplifying plate D (406) for detecting forces in the directions of the X and Y axes, the amplifying plate D (406) is connected to the amplifying seat (405) through a flexible hinge, the amplifying seat (405) is connected to the connecting plate (3) through a bolt IV (804), and the amplifying plate C (404) is connected to the amplifying seat (405) through a flexible hinge.

5. The three-dimensional online tool posture detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square cavity (2) is placed on the micro-force sensing device (1), and the four-jaw chuck (5), the square cavity (2) and the micro-force sensing device (1) are fixed together from top to bottom by bolt 1 (801).

6. The three-dimensional online tool posture detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-force sensing device (1), the square cavity (2), and the displacement amplifying device (4) are made of 1100 aluminum alloy.

7. The three-dimensional online tool posture detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-jaw chuck (5) is made of grey cast iron.

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