A distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene

Abstract

The present invention discloses a distillation device for a key component of aviation kerosene, which relates to the technical field of distillation equipment. A feed port is provided on one side of the middle of a tower body, a slow flow pipe connected to the feed port and spirally descending is provided in the tower body, a plurality of first sedimentation mechanisms for settling and collecting impurities in the aviation kerosene are arranged at intervals on the bottom of the slow flow pipe, a liquid distributor is connected to the lower end of the slow flow pipe, a filler is provided at the lower part of the liquid distributor, a plurality of tower plates located on the upper part of the slow flow pipe are further provided in the tower body, a downcomer is provided at the upper end of each tower plate away from the downcomer, a second sedimentation mechanism for settling and collecting impurities in the liquid phase is provided in the downcomer; the present invention avoids the traditional method of mixed distillation operation of aviation kerosene and reflux liquid phase, not only greatly improves the distillation efficiency and the effect of distillation, but also effectively avoids the clogging of the filler and the tower plate by impurities or coke produced by cracking, and provides powerful assistance for the production and processing of aviation kerosene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distillation equipment, in particular to a distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's aerospace field, more and more aviation equipment is being developed and produced. The main power source of aviation equipment is aviation kerosene. Aviation kerosene, also known as odorless kerosene, is one of the petroleum products. It is mainly composed of hydrocarbon compounds of different fractions. It is an aviation fuel specially developed according to the performance of aircraft engines and the safety of aircraft. Aviation kerosene has the characteristics of suitable density, high calorific value, good combustion performance, high cleanliness, low sulfur content, and low corrosion to mechanical parts. It can burn quickly, stably and completely, and can meet the requirements of oil fluidity in cold areas and high-altitude flights.

[0003] During the production process of aviation kerosene, it is often necessary to perform distillation on the fuel. Distillation of aviation kerosene can not only remove high-boiling point impurities and unstable components, but also remove non-volatile matter and heavy components, which helps to improve the combustion efficiency and stability of the fuel. It can also obtain the required key components to facilitate subsequent research and production. However, the following deficiencies still exist in the distillation operation of aviation kerosene:

[0004] 1. During the distillation process, in order to improve the distillation effect, the liquid phase produced after the liquefaction of the gas phase after distillation is allowed to flow back into the tower. If the refluxed liquid phase is directly distilled again, the required key components can be obtained more efficiently. However, in existing distillation towers, when the liquid phase refluxes, the refluxed liquid phase will directly contact and mix with the aviation kerosene in the tower plates or packing. This not only pollutes the refluxed liquid phase, but also increases the workload and affects the distillation efficiency.

[0005] 2. During the distillation process of aviation kerosene, impurity particles in the aviation kerosene will clog the tower plates or packing. In particular, the hydrocarbons in the aviation kerosene will crack under the influence of the high temperature environment and produce a large amount of coke. Due to the lack of a screening mechanism, the impurity particles in the aviation kerosene and the coke produced by cracking will cause serious blockage of the tower plates or packing, thereby seriously affecting the distillation efficiency and quality.

[0006] 3. Existing distillation equipment often uses a single plate distillation tower or a packed distillation tower. Although the plate distillation tower has a better distillation effect, its efficiency is low. Although the packed distillation tower has a higher distillation efficiency, its distillation effect is not as good as the plate distillation tower. Nowadays, there is a lack of distillation equipment that can ensure both distillation efficiency and distillation efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, a distillation device for the key components of aviation kerosene that can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings is continued. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention discloses a distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene. The present invention avoids the traditional distillation operation of mixing aviation kerosene with reflux liquid, which not only greatly improves the distillation efficiency and the distillation effect, but also effectively avoids the blockage of packing and tower plates by impurities or coke produced by cracking, providing powerful assistance for the production and processing of aviation kerosene.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene comprises a condenser, a reflux tank, a tower body and a reboiler. A reboiler for transporting and heating steam inside the tower body is provided on one side of the lower part of the tower body. A condenser connected to the gas phase outlet of the tower body is provided on one side of the upper part of the tower body. The output end of the condenser is connected to the reflux tank for reflux of the liquid phase into the tower body. A feed port is provided on one side of the middle part of the tower body. A slow flow pipe connected to the feed port and spirally descending is provided in the tower body. A plurality of first sedimentation mechanisms for sedimentation and collection of impurities in the aviation kerosene are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the slow flow pipe. A liquid distributor is connected to the lower end of the slow flow pipe. A packing pressure plate and a packing support plate are provided in sequence from top to bottom at the lower part of the liquid distributor. A packing for distilling aviation kerosene is provided between the plate and the packing support plate, and a plurality of guide mechanisms are provided in the packing for guiding and transporting the aviation kerosene so that it can be in full and uniform contact with the packing. A plurality of tower plates are also provided in the tower body, which are located on the upper part of the slow flow pipe and are used for secondary distillation of the reflux liquid phase. One end of the tower plate is connected to the inner wall of the adjacent tower body, and a certain gap is left between the other end of the tower plate and the inner wall of the adjacent tower body to form a downcomer. The multiple downcomers are staggered with each other, and an overflow weir is provided at one end of the upper surface of the tower plate close to the downcomer. A downcomer is provided at one end of the upper part of each tower plate away from the downcomer, and a second sedimentation mechanism for settling and collecting impurities in the liquid phase is provided in the downcomer.

[0011] Furthermore, the downcomer at the end of the bottom tray corresponds to one end of the slow flow pipe connected to the feed port, and the end of the slow flow pipe connected to the feed port is provided with an expanded port for receiving the liquid phase.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper portion of the slow-flow pipe body is an open structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the first sedimentation mechanism includes a collecting trough, and a plurality of openings arranged along the extension direction of the slow flow tube body are arranged in an orderly spaced manner at the bottom of the slow flow tube body. The collecting trough can be detachably installed in the opening, and the upper edge of the trough opening of the collecting trough is in the same plane as the upper edge of the opening.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the opening is provided with a reducing ring arranged along its inner wall, and a plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals on the reducing ring. The outer edge of the collection tank groove is provided with an outer extension edge adapted to the reducing ring, and the lower surface of the outer extension edge is provided with several mounting ports corresponding one to one to the plurality of through holes, and the corresponding mounting ports and through holes are provided with screws for fixing the collection tank.

[0015] Furthermore, the second sedimentation mechanism includes a guide plate and a sedimentation trough. A guide plate with its lower end inclined toward the middle of the downcomer is provided on one side of the inner wall of the upper end of the downcomer. A vertical plate is provided inside the lower end of the downcomer. The vertical plate separates the lower end of the downcomer into a sedimentation trough for collecting impurities in the liquid phase and a discharge port for discharging the liquid phase. The sedimentation trough corresponds to the lower end of the guide plate and has a sealed structure at the bottom.

[0016] Furthermore, the second sedimentation mechanism also includes a plurality of inclined plates. A plurality of mutually parallel inclined plates are provided between the guide plate and the vertical plate, and the inclined plates are inclined downward toward one end of the sedimentation trough.

[0017] Furthermore, a reflux port connected to a reflux tank is provided on one side of the upper part of the tower body. The reflux port is located on the upper part of the downcomer on the uppermost layer. The end of the reflux port located in the tower body is connected to a guide pipe, and the other end of the guide pipe corresponds to the upper end of the downcomer on the uppermost layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the guide mechanism includes a guide rod that vertically extends into the filler, the upper end of the guide rod extends out of the filler and corresponds to the opening on the filler pressure plate, and the guide rod body located in the filler is provided with multiple side rods whose lower ends are inclined toward the side away from the guide rod.

[0019] Furthermore, a screen is provided on the upper portion of the filler pressure plate for screening impurities in the aviation kerosene.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] Through the combination of packing and trays, the packing can firstly carry out efficient preliminary distillation of aviation kerosene, and then the trays can carry out more refined distillation of the reflux liquid phase. By separating the distillation of aviation kerosene and the reflux liquid phase, the distillation efficiency and effect are greatly improved.

[0022] By providing the first settling mechanism, large particle impurities or coke produced by high-temperature cracking in the aviation kerosene can be filtered and collected before the aviation kerosene enters the packing for distillation, effectively reducing the blockage of the packing by the particle impurities or coke, and avoiding the impact on the heat exchange efficiency of the packing;

[0023] By providing a slow-flow pipe with an open top, the aviation kerosene can be heated to a certain extent before distillation, so that the hydrocarbons in the raw material are thermally cracked in advance to produce coke, which is then screened and collected by the first settling mechanism, effectively reducing the amount of coke produced by cracking the aviation kerosene in the filler;

[0024] By setting up a second sedimentation mechanism, the impurities in the reflux liquid phase can be settled and screened, thereby effectively avoiding the blockage of the tower plates by impurities, providing a strong guarantee for the subsequent efficient and high-quality distillation of the liquid phase;

[0025] By setting up a flow guide mechanism, the aviation kerosene flowing into the filler can be diverted and guided, so that the aviation kerosene can be evenly distributed in the filler, greatly increasing the contact area between liquid and gas, avoiding the occurrence of liquid flooding, and providing strong support for the subsequent full and efficient distillation of aviation kerosene;

[0026] By setting up a screen, the aviation kerosene after sedimentation can be screened twice, which effectively prevents impurities from entering the packing, reduces the risk of packing clogging, and provides strong support for the distillation of aviation kerosene;

[0027] The present invention avoids the traditional mixed distillation operation of aviation kerosene and reflux liquid phase by first using fillers to perform a preliminary high-efficiency distillation operation on aviation kerosene, and then using tower plates to perform a higher-purity distillation operation on the reflux liquid phase, thereby greatly improving not only the distillation efficiency but also the distillation effect; the present invention also effectively avoids the clogging of the fillers and tower plates by impurities or coke produced by cracking through sedimentation screening of the aviation kerosene and the reflux liquid phase, providing a strong guarantee for the high-efficiency and high-quality distillation operation of aviation kerosene; the present invention is simple to operate, greatly improves the distillation efficiency and distillation quality of aviation kerosene, and provides strong assistance for the production and processing of aviation kerosene. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the slow flow pipe and the first settling mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second settling mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the reflux port structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the filler pressing plate structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flow guide mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Figure: 1, condenser; 2, gas phase outlet; 3, reflux tank; 4, reflux port; 5, downcomer; 6, tower plate; 7, overflow weir; 8, downcomer; 9, second settling mechanism; 10, feed port; 11, slow flow pipe; 12, first settling mechanism; 13, liquid distributor; 14, tower body; 15, packing pressure plate; 16, flow guide mechanism; 17, packing; 18, packing support plate; 19, steam inlet ; 20. Reboiler; 21. Discharge port; 22. Reboiler circulation pipe; 23. Expansion port; 24. Reduction ring; 25. Opening; 26. Through hole; 27. Collecting tank; 28. Outer edge; 29. ​​Installation port; 30. Screw; 31. Guide plate; 32. Inclined plate; 33. Discharge port; 34. Vertical plate; 35. Sedimentation tank; 36. Guide pipe; 37. Screen; 38. Guide rod; 39. Side rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the description, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", and "right" indicating directions or positional relationships, they only correspond to the drawings of the present invention and are for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction.

[0036] Please refer to the instruction manual Figure 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0037] Embodiment 1, a distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene, comprising a condenser 1, a reflux tank 3, a tower body 14 and a reboiler 20, wherein the reboiler 20 for transporting and heating steam inside the tower body 14 is provided on one side of the lower portion of the tower body 14. Specifically, a steam inlet 19 connected to the reboiler 20 is provided on one side of the lower portion of the tower body 14, a reboiler circulation pipe 22 communicating with the bottom of the inner cavity of the tower body 14 and connected to the reboiler 20 is provided at the bottom of the tower body 14, a discharge port 21 is further provided at the bottom of the tower body 14, a condenser 1 connected to the gas phase outlet 2 of the tower body 14 is provided on one side of the upper portion of the tower body 14, and a reflux tank 3 for reflux of the liquid phase into the tower body 14 is connected to the output end of the condenser 1;

[0038] A feed port 10 is provided on one side of the middle of the tower body 14, and a slow flow pipe 11 connected to the feed port 10 and spirally descending is provided in the tower body 14. The outer diameter of the slow flow pipe 11 is adapted to the inner diameter of the tower body 14, and the slow flow pipe 11 spirally descends along the inner wall of the tower body 14, so as to avoid affecting the rise of the gas phase after subsequent distillation. A plurality of first sedimentation mechanisms 12 for settling and collecting impurities in aviation kerosene are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the slow flow pipe 11. Specifically, the first sedimentation mechanism 12 includes a collecting tank 27, and a plurality of openings 25 arranged along the extension direction of the slow flow pipe 11 are arranged in an orderly manner at the bottom of the slow flow pipe 11. The inner wall of the opening 25 is provided with a reducing ring 24 arranged along its inner wall, and the outer edge of the notch of the collecting tank 27 is provided with an extension edge 28 adapted to the reducing ring 24, and the collecting tank 27 is provided with an extension edge 28 adapted to the reduction ring 24. The edge 28 is clamped on the reducing ring 24 in the opening 25. In order to ensure that the collection tank 27 is installed firmly and stably, a plurality of through holes 26 are arranged at intervals on the reducing ring 24. The lower surface of the outer edge 28 is provided with a plurality of mounting openings 29 corresponding to the plurality of through holes 26. The corresponding mounting openings 29 and the through holes 26 are provided with screws 30 for fixing the collection tank 27. The upper edge of the notch of the collection tank 27 is in the same plane as the upper edge of the opening 25. In order to improve the collection effect of the collection tank 27 on impurities in the aviation kerosene, the inner cavity of the collection tank 27 is an inverted triangular structure. When the aviation kerosene flows downward through the slow flow pipe 11, large particles of impurities in the aviation kerosene flow through the collection tank 27 and are precipitated and collected. By providing multiple collection tanks 27, large particles of impurities in the aviation kerosene can be efficiently collected and screened.

[0039] The lower end of the slow flow pipe 11 is connected to a liquid distributor 13. The liquid distributor 13 can be a tube distributor, a trough distributor, a orifice distributor, etc. Since the aviation kerosene flows downward through the slow flow pipe 11, a spray distributor is not very suitable. The lower part of the liquid distributor 13 is provided with a packing pressure plate 15 and a packing support plate 18 from top to bottom. A packing 17 for distilling the aviation kerosene is provided between the packing pressure plate 15 and the packing support plate 18. The tower body 14 is also provided with a plurality of packings located at the upper part of the slow flow pipe 11 and used to distill the reflux liquid phase. The tray 6 for secondary distillation has one end connected to the inner wall of the adjacent tower body 14, and a certain gap is left between the other end of the tray 6 and the inner wall of the adjacent tower body 14 to form a downcomer 8. The multiple downcomers 8 are staggered. Specifically, the multiple downcomers 8 are staggered, that is, the adjacent downcomers 8 are in opposite positions. For example, the downcomer 8 of the top tray 6 is on the left, and the downcomer 8 of the tray 6 below it is on the right, so that the reflux liquid phase can flow downward in an S-shape along the multiple trays 6.

[0040] An overflow weir 7 is provided at one end of the upper surface of the tower plate 6 near the downcomer 8, and a downcomer 5 is provided at one end of the upper part of each tower plate 6 away from the downcomer 8. A second sedimentation mechanism 9 is provided in the downcomer 5 for settling and collecting impurities in the liquid phase. Specifically, the second sedimentation mechanism 9 includes a guide plate 31, a sedimentation trough 35 and a plurality of inclined plates 32. A guide plate 31 with a lower end inclined toward the middle of the downcomer 5 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the upper end of the downcomer 5. A vertical plate 34 is provided in the lower end of the downcomer 5. The vertical plate 34 separates the lower end of the downcomer 5 into a portion for collecting impurities in the liquid phase. The sedimentation tank 35 and the drain port 33 for discharging the liquid phase are provided. The sedimentation tank 35 corresponds to the lower end of the guide plate 31 and has a sealed bottom structure. A plurality of parallel inclined plates 32 are provided between the guide plate 31 and the vertical plate 34. The inclined plates 32 are inclined downward toward one end of the sedimentation tank 35. The liquid phase refluxed through the reflux port 4 falls into the downcomer 5. The liquid phase is guided by the guide plate 31 and sprinkled onto the inclined plates 32. Large particles of impurities in the liquid phase roll down into the sedimentation tank 35 through the inclined plates 32. After the liquid phase in the sedimentation tank 35 overflows, it flows out through the drain port 33.

[0041] During the distillation of key components of aviation kerosene, aviation kerosene is injected into the tower body 14 through the feed port 10. As the aviation kerosene flows downward along the slow flow pipe 11, the multiple second settling mechanisms 9 on the slow flow pipe 11 can settle and collect large particle impurities in the aviation kerosene. The screened aviation kerosene is sprinkled into the filler 17 through the liquid distributor 13. The filler 17 is used to ensure that the liquid and gas are fully contacted and distilled. The generated gas phase is then discharged from the gas phase outlet 2 through the multi-layer tower plate 6. The discharged gas phase is condensed into the reflux tank 3 through the condenser 1, and then partially refluxed into the tower body 14 through the reflux tank 3. The refluxed liquid phase is subjected to secondary sedimentation and screening by the second settling mechanism 9 in the downcomer 5 and then flows to the upper part of the tower plate 6. The rising gas phase undergoes a more efficient distillation operation with the liquid phase on the tower plate 6 to produce a key component gas phase that meets the requirements. The special component gas phase is condensed through the condenser 1 to obtain the key components of aviation kerosene.

[0042] In the second embodiment, although the aviation kerosene can be evenly distributed on the upper part of the packing 17 through the liquid distributor 13, when the kerosene flows into the interior of the packing 17, it still cannot be fully and evenly contacted with the packing, thereby affecting the distillation effect. In order to ensure that the aviation kerosene can fully contact with the packing 17, The packing 17 is provided with a plurality of guide mechanisms 16 for guiding and transporting the aviation kerosene so that it can be in full and uniform contact with the packing 17. Specifically, the guide mechanism 16 includes a guide rod 38 that vertically extends into the packing 17. The upper end of the guide rod 38 extends out of the packing 17 and corresponds to the opening on the packing pressure plate 15. The guide rod 38 located in the packing 17 is provided with a plurality of side rods 39 with the lower end inclined toward the side away from the guide rod 38. After the aviation kerosene falls onto the packing pressure plate 15, it flows to the guide rod 38 through the opening on the packing pressure plate 15. The aviation kerosene is guided by the guide rod 38 so that the aviation kerosene can flow smoothly into the packing 17, and then through the plurality of side rods 39 on the guide rod 38, the aviation kerosene can flow dispersedly into the packing 17, thereby greatly increasing the contact area between the aviation kerosene and the gas and providing a distillation effect.

[0043] In the third embodiment, in order to ensure that the refluxed liquid phase can accurately fall into the downcomer 5 and the impurities are settled and screened through the second settling mechanism 9 in the downcomer 5, the reflux port 4 is located at the upper part of the downcomer 5 on the uppermost layer, and the end of the reflux port 4 located in the tower body 14 is connected to a guide pipe 36, and the other end of the guide pipe 36 corresponds to the upper end of the downcomer 5 on the uppermost layer.

[0044] Example 4: In order to achieve impurity sedimentation and screening of the liquid phase flowing down from the lowest tower plate 6 to prevent it from falling directly into the packing 17, the downcomer 8 at the end of the lowest tower plate 6 corresponds to the end of the slow flow pipe 11 connected to the feed port 10, and the end of the slow flow pipe 11 connected to the feed port 10 is provided with an expanded diameter port 23 for receiving the liquid phase.

[0045] In the fifth embodiment, after the aviation kerosene is injected into the tower body 14, the hydrocarbons in the aviation kerosene will be cracked to produce coke due to the high temperature in the tower body 14. The coke is the main impurity that blocks the filler 17 and the tower plate 6. In order to enable the first sedimentation mechanism 12 to effectively settle and screen the coke, the upper part of the slow flow tube 11 is an open structure. By utilizing the open structure of the upper part, the aviation kerosene is fully in contact with the high-temperature gas during the slow downward flow process. The hydrocarbons in the aviation kerosene are fully exposed to the high temperature and cracked. Therefore, the hydrocarbons inside the aviation kerosene can be fully cracked before entering the filler 17, and the produced coke can be settled and screened through the first sedimentation mechanism 12.

[0046] In the sixth embodiment, although the first sedimentation mechanism 12 can sediment and screen the impurity particles in the aviation kerosene and the coke produced by cracking, it cannot achieve complete screening and collection. In order to prevent the impurity particles and coke from entering the filler 17 and causing blockage, a screen 37 for screening impurities or coke in the aviation kerosene is provided on the upper part of the filler pressure plate 15.

[0047] The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are prior art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the above-mentioned embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any figure marks in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the content of the claims involved.

Claims

1. A distillation device for a key component of aviation kerosene, comprising a condenser (1), a reflux tank (3), a tower body (14) and a reboiler (20), wherein a reboiler (20) for transporting steam and heating the interior of the tower body (14) is provided on one side of a lower portion of the tower body (14), a condenser (1) connected to a gas phase outlet (2) of the tower body (14) is provided on one side of an upper portion of the tower body (14), and a reflux tank (3) for refluxing a liquid phase into the tower body (14) is connected to an output end of the condenser (1), wherein the reflux tank (3) is connected to a liquid phase into the tower body (14), and the device is characterized in that: A feed port (10) is provided on one side of the middle of the tower body (14), a slow flow pipe (11) connected to the feed port (10) and spirally descending is provided in the tower body (14), a plurality of first sedimentation mechanisms (12) for sedimentation and collection of impurities in aviation kerosene are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the slow flow pipe (11), a liquid distributor (13) is connected to the lower end of the slow flow pipe (11), a packing pressure plate (15) and a packing support plate (18) are provided in the lower part of the liquid distributor (13) from top to bottom, a packing (17) for distilling aviation kerosene is provided between the packing pressure plate (15) and the packing support plate (18), a plurality of packings (17) for guiding and transporting the aviation kerosene so that it can be distilled into the filler (17) are provided in the packing (17), and a plurality of packings (17) for guiding and transporting the aviation kerosene so that it can be distilled into the filler (17) are provided in the packing (17). 7) a flow guide mechanism (16) with sufficient and uniform contact, a plurality of tower plates (6) located above the slow flow pipe (11) and used for secondary distillation of the reflux liquid phase are further provided in the tower body (14), one end of the tower plate (6) is connected to the inner wall of the adjacent tower body (14), a certain gap is left between the other end of the tower plate (6) and the inner wall of the adjacent tower body (14), and a downcomer (8) is formed, the plurality of downcomers (8) are arranged in a staggered manner, an overflow weir (7) is provided at one end of the upper surface of the tower plate (6) close to the downcomer (8), a downcomer (5) is provided at one end of the upper part of each tower plate (6) away from the downcomer (8), and a second settling mechanism (9) is provided in the downcomer (5) for settling and collecting impurities in the liquid phase; The first sedimentation mechanism (12) includes a collecting trough (27), a plurality of openings (25) arranged along the extension direction of the slow flow tube (11) are arranged at intervals in an orderly manner at the bottom of the slow flow tube (11), and the collecting trough (27) is detachably mounted in the opening (25), and the upper edge of the notch of the collecting trough (27) and the upper edge of the opening (25) are in the same plane; the inner wall of the opening (25) is provided with a reducing ring (24) arranged along the inner wall thereof, and the reducing ring (24) is provided with a plurality of through holes (26) at intervals; the outer edge of the notch of the collecting trough (27) is provided with an outer extension edge (28) adapted to the reducing ring (24), and the lower surface of the outer extension edge (28) is provided with a plurality of mounting openings (29) corresponding to the plurality of through holes (26), and screws (30) for fixing the collecting trough (27) are provided in the corresponding mounting openings (29) and the through holes (26); The second sedimentation mechanism (9) includes a guide plate (31) and a sedimentation trough (35). A guide plate (31) with a lower end inclined toward the middle of the downcomer (5) is provided on one side of the inner wall of the upper end of the downcomer (5). A vertical plate (34) is provided in the lower end of the downcomer (5). The vertical plate (34) separates the lower end of the downcomer (5) into a sedimentation trough (35) for collecting impurities in the liquid phase and a discharge port (33) for discharging the liquid phase. The sedimentation trough (35) corresponds to the lower end of the guide plate (31) and has a sealed bottom. The second sedimentation mechanism (9) also includes a plurality of inclined plates (32). A plurality of mutually parallel inclined plates (32) are provided between the guide plate (31) and the vertical plate (34). The inclined plates (32) are inclined downward toward one end of the sedimentation trough (35). The flow guide mechanism (16) includes a flow guide rod (38) vertically inserted into the filler (17), the upper end of the flow guide rod (38) protruding from the filler (17) and corresponding to the opening on the filler pressure plate (15), and a plurality of side rods (39) with lower ends inclined toward a side away from the flow guide rod (38) are provided on the flow guide rod (38) located in the filler (17).

2. The distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene according to claim 1, characterized in that: The downcomer (8) at the end of the bottommost tower plate (6) corresponds to one end of the slow flow pipe (11) connected to the feed port (10) in vertical correspondence, and the end of the slow flow pipe (11) connected to the feed port (10) is provided with an expanded diameter opening (23) for receiving the liquid phase.

3. The distillation device for the key components of aviation kerosene according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper portion of the slow-flow pipe (11) is an open structure.

4. The distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reflux port (4) connected to the reflux tank (3) is provided on one side of the upper portion of the tower body (14). The reflux port (4) is located on the upper portion of the downcomer (5) on the uppermost layer. The end of the reflux port (4) located in the tower body (14) is connected to a guide pipe (36). The other end of the guide pipe (36) corresponds to the upper end of the downcomer (5) on the uppermost layer.

5. The distillation device for key components of aviation kerosene according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screen (37) for screening impurities in the aviation kerosene is provided on the upper portion of the packing pressure plate (15).

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