A welding wire deposition method and welding process based on ceramic particles

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of metal material welding, and is a welding wire deposition method and welding process based on ceramic particles, comprising the steps of selecting welding wire; cleaning the welding wire by ultrasonic wave; placing the cleaned welding wire on a rotating bracket; preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire by a ceramic particle generator; after the ceramic particles adhere to the surface of the welding wire to form a coating, the bracket stops rotating and the welding wire is removed from the bracket. The welding wire deposition method of ceramic particles of the present invention is that the welding wire is placed on a rotating bracket after being cleaned by ultrasonic wave, and a ceramic particle coating is prepared on the surface of the rotating welding wire by a ceramic particle generator, so that when the bracket rotates, the ceramic particle generator located on one side of the welding wire can realize rapid and uniform attachment of ceramic particles to the surface of the welding wire, thereby allowing the ceramic particles to adhere to the surface of the welding wire to form a coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal material welding, and in particular to a welding wire deposition method and welding process based on ceramic particles. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrial technology, welding technology is increasingly used in the connection of metal materials. However, when processing high-performance materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and titanium alloy, traditional welding technology often faces the challenge of reduced joint performance due to defects such as pores, spatter, and coarse columnar crystals. Joint performance is a key factor affecting the overall structural stability and service life. Improving joint performance has always been an important research topic in the field of materials science and welding engineering.

[0003] In the prior art, a micro-nano particle reinforced aluminum alloy flux cored filler wire for welding 7075 aluminum alloy is disclosed in patent number CN110560957B, which discloses that micro-nano sized ceramic particles such as TiC, ZrC, TiN, and SiC are added to the outer flux core. When used, the aluminum alloy flux cored filler wire is placed in the groove or weld, and the conventional metal arc gas shielded welding (MIG) method is used for welding, thereby improving the weld strength of the 7075 aluminum alloy, further improving the strength matching of the welded joint, reducing the sensitivity to thermal cracks and pores, and having a simple operation process and excellent welding process performance;

[0004] Patent number CN103406689A is a WC particle reinforced nickel-based MIG wear-resistant surfacing flux-cored welding wire, which discloses that the welding wire is composed of a nickel sheath and a core powder, and the mass percentage of the flux core components is as follows: tungsten carbide: 30-75%; silicon carbide: 4-17%; boron carbide: 3-15%; electrolytic manganese powder: 1-5%; sodium fluoride: 1-12%, and the balance is nickel powder. The composition of the deposited metal obtained is: tungsten carbide: 11.1-30%; silicon: 1.3-5.6%; boron: 1-5%; manganese: 0.3-1.48%; nickel: balance. The surfacing layer prepared by the flux-cored welding wire has a high hardness (>45HRC), and the hardness of the WC hard phase in the surfacing layer reaches 1800HV0.3. The welding wire in this case mainly relies on the added WC particles to cooperate with the nickel-based matrix to play a "shadow protection" role, thereby playing a wear-resistant role, and improving the welding performance of the cladding alloy by adding deoxidizers such as silicon and manganese, and modifiers such as Na / F. However, the flux-cored welding wire technology requires steps such as powder preparation, wire drawing, and wire diameter reduction. The process is cumbersome, inefficient, and prone to pollution; and ceramic particles are prone to clustering, and the uniformity of distribution in the joint is low.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problems of uneven particle distribution when welding welding wire containing ceramic particles and complicated steps in the method for preparing the welding wire with ceramic particle coating. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles, aiming to solve the problem of complex steps in the method for preparing a welding wire with a ceramic particle coating.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, a welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles is provided, comprising the steps of:

[0008] S1. Select welding wire;

[0009] S2, cleaning the welding wire by ultrasonic cleaning;

[0010] S3, placing the cleaned welding wire on a rotating bracket;

[0011] S4, preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire by a ceramic particle generator;

[0012] S5. When the ceramic particles are attached to the surface of the welding wire to form a coating, the bracket stops rotating and the welding wire is removed from the bracket.

[0013] Furthermore, the ceramic particle generator prepares the ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire by using a vacuum evaporation coating process, a vacuum sputtering coating process, or a vacuum ion coating process.

[0014] Furthermore, the vacuum evaporation coating process for preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire comprises the following steps:

[0015] S41. The welding wire is wound on the rotating bracket, and the bracket is located in the coating chamber. The vacuum pump is started to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber to create a vacuum in the coating chamber. According to the melting point of the evaporated material, the evaporation source heating device is set and started to start coating the welding wire, and a ceramic particle coating is prepared on the surface of the welding wire.

[0016] Furthermore, the vacuum sputtering coating process for preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire comprises the following steps:

[0017] S42, the welding wire is wound on the rotating bracket, and the bracket is located in the coating chamber, a sputtering target is selected, the sputtering target is fixed on the sputtering device, the distance between the welding wire and the sputtering target is adjusted, and the vacuum pump is started to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber so that the coating chamber produces a vacuum, and then argon is injected into the coating chamber as a sputtering working gas, and the sputtering power supply is started to make the target sputtered under the bombardment of argon ions, so as to prepare a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire.

[0018] Furthermore, the vacuum ion plating process for preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire comprises the following steps:

[0019] S43. The welding wire is wound on the rotating bracket, and the bracket is located in the coating chamber. After selecting a suitable evaporation source material, the vacuum pump is started to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber to create a vacuum in the coating chamber. At the same time, argon gas is injected into the coating chamber as an ionization and sputtering working gas, and the heater is started. The film material evaporates into atoms and is ejected from the electron gun. Under the action of high-energy ions, a ceramic particle coating is prepared on the surface of the welding wire.

[0020] Furthermore, the welding wire is straightened and moved in the coating chamber, and the support drives the welding wire to rotate around the axis of the welding wire, so that a ceramic particle coating is formed on the surface of the welding wire.

[0021] Furthermore, the welding wire gradually moves from one end of the coating chamber toward the other end of the coating chamber, and a semi-circular side of the welding wire faces the ceramic particle generator. When the welding wire rotates around the axis of the welding wire, the welding wire advances in a straight spiral to form a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire.

[0022] Furthermore, the transceivers of the welding wire are respectively located at both ends of the coating chamber, and a driver is arranged between the transceiver and the coating chamber, and the driver is used to drive the transceiver to rotate so that the transceiver adapts to the movement of the welding wire rotating around the axis of the welding wire.

[0023] The second object of the present invention is to provide a welding process based on ceramic particle welding wire, aiming to solve the problem of uneven particle distribution when welding with welding wire containing ceramic particles.

[0024] In order to solve the above technical problems, a welding process based on ceramic particle welding wire is provided, which is applied to the welding wire produced by the above-mentioned ceramic particle-based welding wire deposition method, and the welding process and welding parameters are selected. The two welding heads are brought close to form a weld. The welding wire containing the ceramic particle coating is welded into the weld of the filling welding joint, so that the ceramic particles on the surface of the welding wire are infiltrated into the weld along with the melting of the solder.

[0025] Furthermore, the welding process includes laser welding or arc welding or laser-arc hybrid welding process; the material of the welding joint includes aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and stainless steel.

[0026] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention will have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] In the welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles in this embodiment, after the welding wire is cleaned by ultrasonic wave, it is placed on a rotating bracket, and a ceramic particle coating is prepared on the surface of the rotating welding wire by a ceramic particle generator. Therefore, when the bracket rotates, the ceramic particle generator located on one side of the welding wire can quickly and evenly attach ceramic particles to the surface of the welding wire, thereby making the ceramic particles adhere to the surface of the welding wire to form a coating, thus overcoming the problem of complicated steps in the welding wire method for preparing ceramic particle coating in the prior art.

[0028] The welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles in this embodiment, since the ceramic particle generator prepares the ceramic particle coating on the rotating welding wire surface including a vacuum evaporation coating process, the vacuum evaporation coating process prepares the ceramic particle coating on the welding wire surface including the steps of winding the welding wire on a rotating bracket, and the bracket is located in a coating chamber, starting a vacuum pump to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber, so that a vacuum is generated in the coating chamber, and then according to the melting point of the evaporated substance, an evaporation source heating device is set and started to start coating the welding wire, thereby preparing a ceramic particle coating on the welding wire surface, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of the ceramic particle coating on the welding wire surface through the vacuum evaporation coating process;

[0029] The welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles in the present embodiment, since the ceramic particle generator prepares the ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire, includes adopting a vacuum sputtering coating process, the vacuum sputtering coating process prepares the ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire, including the steps of winding the welding wire on a rotating bracket, and the bracket is located in a coating chamber, selecting a sputtering target, fixing the sputtering target on a sputtering device, adjusting the distance between the welding wire and the sputtering target, starting a vacuum pump to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber, thereby generating a vacuum in the coating chamber, and then injecting argon gas into the coating chamber as a sputtering working gas, starting a sputtering power supply, and then the target is sputtered out under the bombardment of argon ions, and a ceramic particle coating is prepared on the surface of the welding wire, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of the ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire through the vacuum sputtering coating process;

[0030] The welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles in this embodiment, since the ceramic particle generator prepares the ceramic particle coating on the rotating welding wire surface including the use of a vacuum ion plating process, the vacuum ion plating process prepares the ceramic particle coating on the welding wire surface including the steps of winding the welding wire on a rotating bracket, and the bracket is located in a coating chamber, after selecting a suitable evaporation source material, starting the vacuum pump to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber so that the coating chamber generates a vacuum, and at the same time injecting argon gas into the coating chamber as an ionization and sputtering working gas, starting the heater, and the film material evaporates into atoms and is ejected from the electron gun, and under the action of high-energy ions, a ceramic particle coating is prepared on the welding wire surface, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of the ceramic particle coating on the welding wire surface through the vacuum ion plating process;

[0031] In the welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles in this embodiment, since the welding wire is straightened and moved in the coating chamber, and the support drives the welding wire to rotate around the axis of the welding wire, so that the welding wire advances in a straight spiral, by controlling the ratio of the forward speed of the welding wire to the speed of the welding wire rotation, the ceramic particles are distributed in a pitch on the surface of the welding wire, and a corrugated distribution is formed in the weld when welding the weld of the welding joint, thereby enhancing the connection strength of the welding joint and reducing the sensitivity of the weld of the welding joint to thermal cracks and pores;

[0032] In the welding process based on ceramic particle welding wire in this embodiment, since two welding heads are brought close together to form a weld, the welding wire containing ceramic particle coating is welded and filled into the weld of the welding joint, so that the ceramic particles attached to the surface of the welding wire are infiltrated into the weld along with the melting solder, thereby making the ceramic particles evenly distributed in the weld after welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the vacuum evaporation coating process according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the vacuum sputtering coating process according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the vacuum ion plating process according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the spiral linear motion of the welding wire according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of laser welding of 316L stainless steel plates according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a macroscopic schematic diagram of the welding wire containing a TiN coating after welding according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a macroscopic schematic diagram of the welding wire without TiN coating after welding according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 9 This is a diagram showing the internal pore distribution of the welding wire containing the TiN coating after welding of the welding joint according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 This is a diagram showing the internal pore distribution of the welding wire after welding without TiN coating in the welding joint described in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.11 This is a hardness distribution diagram of the 316L stainless steel plate after laser welding according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.12 This is a displacement-load curve diagram of the stretching process of the 316L stainless steel plate after laser welding described in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0046] Among them: 1. welding wire; 2. bracket; 3. coating chamber; 4. ceramic particle generator; 41. evaporation source heating device; 42. sputtering device; 43. electron gun; 5. vacuum pump; 6. transceiver; 61. driver; 7. laser; 8. 316L stainless steel plate; 9. wire feeding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0048] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. Embodiment 1

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for depositing a welding wire 1 based on ceramic particles, comprising the steps of:

[0051] S1, select welding wire 1;

[0052] S2, cleaning the welding wire 1 by ultrasonic cleaning;

[0053] S3, placing the cleaned welding wire 1 on the rotating bracket 2;

[0054] S4, preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire 1 by means of a ceramic particle generator 4;

[0055] S5. When the ceramic particles adhere to the surface of the welding wire 1 to form a coating, the support 2 stops rotating and the welding wire 1 is removed from the support 2.

[0056] In a specific application, a welding wire 1 having a metal composition close to that of the welding head is selected. After the welding wire 1 is ultrasonically cleaned, it is placed on a rotating bracket 2. A ceramic particle coating is prepared on the surface of the rotating welding wire 1 by a ceramic particle generator 4. As a result, when the bracket 2 rotates, the ceramic particle generator 4 located on one side of the welding wire 1 can quickly and evenly attach ceramic particles to the surface of the welding wire 1, thereby allowing the ceramic particles to adhere to the surface of the welding wire 1 to form a coating. It is worth noting that when the welding wire 1 is used to weld the weld of the welding head, the ceramic particles need to be evenly infiltrated into the weld during the welding process, and the welding wire 1 needs to be continuously filled along the weld during the welding process. In order to avoid the phenomenon of clustering (aggregation), a section of the welding wire 1 needs to have a uniform ceramic particle coating on its surface. As a result, when the welding wire 1 is melted and filled in the weld, the ceramic particles can be evenly distributed along the weld, thereby improving the connection strength and mechanical properties of the welding head. The principle of the ceramic particle generator 4 is to form a coating by physical vapor deposition (Physical VaporDeposition, PVD) technology is an advanced process for surface engineering and thin film preparation. Since the ceramic particle generator 4 attaches ceramic particles to the welding wire 1 of the bracket 2 in a large range, it is necessary to increase the distance between the ceramic particle generator 4 and the welding wire 1. However, the greater the distance between the two, the insufficient kinetic energy of some ceramic particles generated by the ceramic particle generator 4 cannot effectively reach the surface of the welding wire 1 for attachment, resulting in low working efficiency of the ceramic particle generator 4 and high material loss cost. Therefore, it is necessary to set the ceramic particle generator 4 on the side not far from the welding wire 1, and rotate the bracket 2 so that the welding wire 1 at each location can pass through the ceramic particle generator 4, thereby efficiently and evenly assisting the ceramic particles to attach to the surface of the welding wire 1.

[0057] In a possible embodiment, the ceramic particle generator 4 prepares the ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire 1 by using a vacuum evaporation coating process, a vacuum sputtering coating process, or a vacuum ion coating process.

[0058] The vacuum evaporation coating process is used to prepare a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire 1, which means that ceramic particles are deposited on the surface of the welding wire 1 by physical or chemical methods in a highly vacuum environment to form a coating on the surface of the welding wire 1. This process involves evaporation, condensation and chemical reaction of ceramic particles, and ultimately improves and enhances the surface properties of the welding wire 1. The vacuum environment provides dust-free and low-gas interference conditions, which helps to obtain a high-purity and high-uniformity ceramic particle coating;

[0059] The vacuum sputtering coating process is a physical phenomenon caused by high-energy ion bombardment of the solid surface. The core of this process is the transfer of kinetic energy: when ions (usually argon ions) gain enough kinetic energy under electric field acceleration and hit the ceramic surface, the kinetic energy is transferred to the surface atoms, causing the ceramic atoms to detach from the target surface and form an atomic gas phase. The gas phase atoms are then deposited on the welding wire 1 to form a coating. The efficiency of the sputtering effect is closely related to the energy of the incident ions and the binding energy of the target atoms. The bombardment of high-energy ions can usually effectively increase the sputtering rate.

[0060] The vacuum ion plating process is used to prepare a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire 1. The evaporation source is connected to the anode and the workpiece is connected to the cathode. When a high voltage direct current of three to five kilovolts is applied, an arc discharge is generated between the evaporation source and the workpiece. Since the vacuum cover is filled with inert argon gas, part of the argon gas is ionized under the action of the discharge electric field, thereby forming a plasma dark area around the cathode workpiece. The positively charged argon ions are attracted by the negative high voltage of the cathode and violently bombard the surface of the welding wire 1, causing the surface particles and dirt of the welding wire 1 to be splashed out, so that the surface to be plated of the welding wire 1 is fully cleaned by ion bombardment. Subsequently, the evaporation source AC power supply is turned on, the ceramic particles melt and evaporate, enter the glow discharge area and are ionized. The positively charged ceramic particle ions, attracted by the cathode, rush to the welding wire 1 together with the argon ions. When the ceramic particle ions on the surface of the welding wire 1 exceed the number of splashed ions, they gradually accumulate to form a coating that firmly adheres to the surface of the welding wire 1.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the vacuum evaporation coating process for preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire 1 includes the following steps:

[0062] S41. The welding wire 1 is wound on the rotating bracket 2, and the bracket 2 is located in the coating chamber 3. The vacuum pump 5 is started to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber 3 to generate a vacuum in the coating chamber 3. The bracket 2 is started to rotate, so that the welding wire 1 wound on the bracket 2 rotates. According to the melting point of the evaporated material, the evaporation source heating device 41 is set and started to start coating the welding wire 1. At this time, the bracket 2 drives the welding wire 1 to rotate, so that the welding wire 1 wound on the bracket 2 will pass over the evaporation source heating device 41 when rotating, so that the evaporation source heating device 41 emits ceramic particles to prepare a coating on the surface of the welding wire 1.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the vacuum sputtering coating process for preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire 1 includes the following steps:

[0064] S42, the welding wire 1 is wound on the rotating bracket 2, and the bracket 2 is located in the coating chamber 3, a sputtering target is selected, the sputtering target is fixed on the sputtering device 42, the distance between the welding wire 1 and the sputtering target is adjusted, the vacuum pump 5 is started to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber 3 to generate a vacuum in the coating chamber 3, the bracket 2 is started to rotate, so that the welding wire 1 wound on the bracket 2 rotates, and then argon gas is injected into the coating chamber 3 as a sputtering working gas, and the sputtering power supply is started to sputter the target under the bombardment of argon ions, wherein the bracket 2 drives the welding wire 1 to rotate, so that the welding wire 1 wound on the bracket 2 will pass under the sputtering device 42 when rotating, so that the ceramic atoms emitted by the sputtering device 42 prepare a coating on the surface of the welding wire 1.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the vacuum ion plating process for preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire 1 comprises the following steps:

[0066] S43, welding wire 1 is wound on a rotating bracket 2, and the bracket 2 is located in a coating chamber 3. After selecting a suitable evaporation source material, start the vacuum pump 5 to gradually reduce the pressure in the coating chamber 3 to create a vacuum in the coating chamber 3, start the bracket 2 to rotate, so that the welding wire 1 wound on the bracket 2 rotates, and at the same time, argon gas is injected into the coating chamber 3 as an ionization and sputtering working gas, start the heater, and the film material evaporates into atoms and is ejected from the electron gun 43, wherein the bracket 2 drives the welding wire 1 to rotate, so that the welding wire 1 wound on the bracket 2 will pass over the electron gun 43 when rotating, so that the ceramic atoms emitted by the electron gun 43 prepare a coating on the surface of the welding wire 1 under the action of high-energy ions.

[0067] In a possible implementation, the welding wire 1 is straightened and moved in the coating chamber 3 , and the support 2 drives the welding wire 1 to rotate around the axis of the welding wire 1 , so that a ceramic particle coating is formed on the surface of the welding wire 1 . In a specific application, since the welding wire 1 is straightened and moved in the coating chamber 3, and a driving motor (not shown) is installed on the bracket 2, which is used to drive the bracket 2 to rotate relative to the coating chamber 3, thereby driving the welding wire 1 to rotate around the axis of the welding wire 1. It is worth noting that at this time, the direction in which the bracket 2 drives the welding wire 1 to rotate is different from the direction in which the welding wire 1 is driven by the winding bracket 2. It can be understood that the rotation direction of the welding wire 1 can be changed by changing the installation method of the driving motor (that is, changing the direction of the motor's rotation axis). In this way, after the circumferential ceramic particle coating on one side of the welding wire 1 is completed, the bracket 2 can drive the welding wire 1 to rotate around its own axis by a certain angle to carry out circumferential ceramic particle coating on the second side, and so on, until the driving motor of the bracket 2 drives the welding wire 1 to rotate 360° around its own axis to complete the circumferential ceramic particle coating, so that the ceramic particle coating is more evenly distributed around the welding wire 1, thereby reducing the risk of ceramic particle clustering.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the welding wire 1 gradually moves from one end of the coating chamber 3 toward the other end of the coating chamber 3, and a half-circle side of the welding wire 1 faces the ceramic particle generator 4. When the welding wire 1 rotates around the axis of the welding wire 1, the welding wire 1 advances in a straight line spirally to form a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire 1. In a specific application, since the welding wire 1 gradually moves from one end of the coating chamber 3 toward the other end of the coating chamber 3, and a half-circle side of the welding wire 1 faces the ceramic particle generator 4, when the welding wire 1 rotates around the axis of the welding wire 1, the welding wire 1 with a certain length can be continuously and efficiently coated with ceramic particles, wherein the welding wire 1 moves forward on the bracket 2, and since the bracket 2 can drive the welding wire 1 to rotate continuously around its own axis, the welding wire 1 advances in a straight line spirally, and by controlling the ratio of the forward speed of the welding wire 1 to the rotation speed of the welding wire 1, ceramic particle coatings of different pitches can be achieved on the welding wire. 1 surface, thus, not only can the continuous ceramic particle coating process method on the surface of a longer welding wire 1 be improved, but also the ceramic particle content per unit length of the welding wire 1 can be controlled. In particular, since the ceramic particles are pitch-distributed on the surface of the welding wire 1, the size of the pitch is regulated by the ratio of the forward speed of the welding wire 1 to the rotation speed of the welding wire 1. Thus, the welding wire 1 with pitch-distributed ceramic particles will form a corrugated distribution in the weld when welding the weld of the welding joint. Such corrugated ceramic particles can enhance the connection strength of the welding joint while reducing the thermal crack and porosity sensitivity problems of the weld of the welding joint.

[0069] In a possible embodiment, the transceiver 6 of the welding wire 1 is respectively located at the two ends of the coating chamber 3, and a driver 61 is provided between the transceiver 6 and the coating chamber 3, and the driver 61 is used to drive the transceiver 6 to rotate so that the transceiver 6 adapts to the movement of the welding wire 1 rotating around the axis of the welding wire 1. In a specific application, since the welding wire 1 rotates around the axis of the welding wire 1, the transceiver 6 is respectively connected to the two ends of the welding wire 1 for retracting and releasing. If the welding wire 1 rotates relative to the transceiver 6, the welding wire 1 will be twisted into a twisted shape. In order to prevent the welding wire 1 from forming a twisted shape, a driver 61 is provided between the transceiver 6 and the coating chamber 3. The driver 61 is used to drive the transceiver 6 to rotate so that the transceiver 6 adapts to the movement of the welding wire 1 rotating around the axis of the welding wire 1, that is, the transceiver 6 follows the welding wire 1 to rotate around the axis of the welding wire 1, thereby improving the automated production process of the ceramic particle coating on the welding wire 1. Embodiment 2

[0070] The subject matter protected by this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment. Specifically, the second embodiment is the protection of the welding process based on the ceramic particle welding wire 1.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 6-Figure 12 , Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a welding process based on a ceramic particle welding wire 1, which is applied to the welding wire 1 prepared by the above-mentioned ceramic particle-based welding wire deposition method, selects welding process and welding parameters, brings two welding heads close to form a weld, and welds the welding wire 1 containing a ceramic particle coating to fill the weld of the welding joint, so that the ceramic particles on the surface of the welding wire 1 are melted and infiltrated into the weld along with the solder. In specific applications, select appropriate welding process and welding parameters for welding, brings two welding heads close to form a weld, and welds the welding wire 1 containing a ceramic particle coating to fill the weld of the welding joint. It is worth noting that it is ensured that the welding joint presents a moderately molten state, so that the ceramic particles on the surface of the welding wire 1 are melted and infiltrated into the weld along with the solder and are evenly distributed, so that the ceramic particles are evenly infiltrated into the weld of the welding joint, thereby solving the problem of uneven distribution of the ceramic particles of the flux core in the weld, and because the ceramic particles in the flux core are difficult to ensure the distribution problem in the melt, it is easy to cause the ceramic particles to cluster during welding of the weld, resulting in poor and unstable connection strength of the welded joint after welding.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 6 , 7As shown in 9, 11 and 12, in a possible implementation manner, the welding process includes laser welding, arc welding and laser-arc hybrid welding process; the materials of the welded joint include: aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and steel. In a specific application, in the embodiment, a 316L stainless steel plate 8 is selected as the material to be welded, an ER316L welding wire 1 is selected as the coating substrate, and a TiN ceramic particle coating is prepared on its surface by a vacuum sputtering coating method. The prepared welding wire 1 containing the TiN coating is welded by a laser 7, and the welding wire 1 containing the TiN coating is filled into the joint of the 316L stainless steel plate 8 by a wire feeding device 9. After the welding is completed, the surface forming characteristics (macroscopic) and internal defects (number of pores) of the joint are observed, and the hardness (Vickers hardness) and tensile properties (tensile strength) of the joint are tested;

[0073] Please refer to Figure 6 , 8 As shown in 10, 11 and 12, for comparative examples, the material to be welded is 316L stainless steel plate 8, and ER316L welding wire 1 is selected. ER316L welding wire 1 is welded by laser 7, and it is noted that ER316L welding wire 1 does not contain ceramic particles (TiN), and then wire feeding device 9 fills ER316L welding wire 1 into the joint of 316L stainless steel plate 8. After welding is completed, the surface forming characteristics (macroscopic), internal defects (number of pores) of the joint are observed, and the hardness (Vickers hardness) and tensile properties (tensile strength) of the joint are tested.

[0074] The experimental results are shown in the following table. The welding wire 1 containing TiN coating is used to fill the joint. The ceramic particle content ranges from 0 to 4%. As the ceramic particle content in the welding wire increases, the joint is well formed, the number of spatters is greatly reduced, the porosity is reduced, the internal defects are better suppressed, the joint performance is improved, the average hardness of the joint fusion zone is improved, the tensile strength and elongation of the joint are improved, the strength is improved without causing a decrease in plasticity, and the 316L stainless steel plate 8 joint is better strengthened.

[0075] Welding joint material Ceramic particle content in welding wire Vickers hardness (HV) Tensile strength (MPa) Number of pores (level) 316L stainless steel plate 0 170 550 many 316L stainless steel plate 1% 172 570 More 316L stainless steel plate 3% 181 590 few 316L stainless steel plate 4% 185 610 less

[0076] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1. Select welding wire; S2, cleaning the welding wire by ultrasonic cleaning; S3, placing the cleaned welding wire on a rotating bracket; S4, preparing a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire by a ceramic particle generator; S5, when the ceramic particles are attached to the surface of the welding wire to form a coating, the bracket stops rotating and the welding wire is removed from the bracket; Wherein, when the bracket rotates, the ceramic particle generator located on one side of the welding wire realizes rapid and uniform attachment of ceramic particles to the surface of the welding wire, so that the ceramic particles are attached to the surface of the welding wire to form a coating; When the welding wire rotates around its axis, it advances in a straight spiral so that the ceramic particles present a pitch distribution on the surface of the welding wire, and the size of the pitch is regulated by the ratio of the forward speed of the welding wire to the speed of rotation of the welding wire.

2. The method for depositing a welding wire based on ceramic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic particle generator prepares a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the rotating welding wire, including using a vacuum evaporation coating process, a vacuum sputtering coating process, or a vacuum ion coating process to prepare a ceramic particle coating on the surface of the welding wire.

3. The method for depositing a welding wire based on ceramic particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The welding wire is straightened and moves in the coating chamber, and the support drives the welding wire to rotate around the axis of the welding wire, so that a ceramic particle coating is formed on the surface of the welding wire.

4. The method for depositing a welding wire based on ceramic particles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding wire gradually moves from one end of the coating chamber toward the other end of the coating chamber, and a semicircular side of the welding wire faces the ceramic particle generator.

5. The method for depositing a welding wire based on ceramic particles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transceivers of the welding wire are respectively located at two ends of the coating chamber, and a driver is arranged between the transceiver and the coating chamber, and the driver is used to drive the transceiver to rotate so that the transceiver adapts to the movement of the welding wire rotating around the axis of the welding wire.

6. A welding process based on ceramic particle welding wire, characterized in that: The welding wire is prepared by the welding wire deposition method based on ceramic particles as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the welding process and welding parameters are selected, two welding heads are brought close together to form a weld, and the welding wire containing the ceramic particle coating is welded and filled into the weld of the welding joint, so that the ceramic particles on the surface of the welding wire are infiltrated into the weld along with the melting of the solder.

7. The welding process based on ceramic particle welding wire according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The welding process includes laser welding, arc welding or laser-arc hybrid welding process; the material of the welding joint includes aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and stainless steel.

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