Preparation method and application of stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric

Abstract

The present invention discloses a preparation method and application of stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabrics, belonging to the field of thermoelectric fabric processing technology. A polydopamine layer with adhesiveness is constructed on the surface of the fabric to obtain a polydopamine-modified fabric; then, the polydopamine-modified fabric is immersed in a chitosan solution for cation modification; it is immersed in a MXene solution to obtain a MXene thermoelectric fabric; finally, multiple MXene thermoelectric fabrics are built into a thermoelectric sensing array and combined with a wearable mask. The MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared by this method exhibits excellent temperature detection capabilities and good thermoelectric sensing stability; the temperature difference between the human body and the environment is converted into electrical energy to achieve energy conversion and collection, solving the energy supply problem of wearable devices themselves; combining the MXene thermoelectric sensing array with a mask can identify the body's breathing frequency under different motion states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermoelectric fabric processing, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric. Background Art

[0002] Wearable electronics have been widely used in various fields, including motion monitoring, health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and fitness and entertainment. However, traditional wearable electronics typically require external power supplies or frequent charging, limiting their usability and portability. Therefore, the development of self-powered sensing systems that can harvest energy from the natural environment is becoming increasingly important.

[0003] Recently, advances in energy harvesting technologies such as thermoelectric, triboelectric, and piezoelectric, as well as self-charging methods, have made significant progress in the field of wearable electronics. Among them, wearable thermoelectric devices that directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy have become a promising power source due to the ubiquity of temperature changes in the environment. Common thermoelectric materials such as carbon nanotubes, PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid) and MXene (Ti3C2T x ) and other materials have good electrical conductivity and are easy to process, and are gradually becoming ideal choices for thermoelectric materials. Among them, two-dimensional transition metal carbide MXene has excellent physical and chemical properties, including excellent electrical conductivity (>5000S cm-1), excellent hydrophilicity, high interfacial thermal resistance and low in-plane thermal conductivity (~0.279Wm -1 K -1 ), making it ideal for use in wearable thermoelectric sensing devices.

[0004] At present, some flexible composite thermoelectric film materials based on MXene have emerged. For example, patent CN113224231A discloses a preparation method of a flexible MXene / PEDOT:PSS composite thermoelectric material; patent CN110713706A discloses a self-healing MXene / polyurethane thermoelectric composite material and its preparation method; patent CN116828951A discloses an n-type bismuth telluride flexible composite thermoelectric film, method and device based on a MXene substrate; however, these MXene-based thermoelectric composite films have problems such as poor air permeability, poor comfort and difficulty in sewing with fabrics, which limits their application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) soaking the fabric in an ethanol solution to remove grease residue on the fiber surface, and drying to obtain the treated fabric;

[0007] (2) placing the fabric treated in step (1) into a dopamine solution for reaction, modifying the fabric by dopamine self-polymerization to obtain a polydopamine-modified fabric;

[0008] (3) immersing the polydopamine-modified fabric obtained in step (2) in a chitosan solution to perform cationic modification on the polydopamine-modified fabric to obtain a positively charged fabric;

[0009] (4) Lithium fluoride, hydrochloric acid, and deionized water are stirred and mixed to etch Ti3AlC2, and the precipitate is separated and collected. The precipitate is dispersed using an intercalating agent, ultrasonically treated, and centrifuged to collect the upper MXene dispersion.

[0010] (5) Immersing the positively charged fabric in step (3) in a MXene dispersion and drying the resulting fabric to obtain a MXene thermoelectric fabric.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 30-70%, and the soaking time is 20-50 minutes, in order to remove the grease residue on the fiber surface.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the fabric is one of nylon fabric, cotton fabric, and cuprammonium fabric.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the mass concentration of the dopamine solution is 0.5-1%, the pH is 8-8.5, the reaction temperature is 25-40° C., and the reaction time is 8-24 h.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the mass concentration of the chitosan solution is 0.1-1%, and the immersion time is 10-60 minutes.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the addition ratio of Ti3AlC2, lithium fluoride, hydrochloric acid and deionized water is 1 (g): 1-1.5 (g): 12-25 (mL): 4.5 (mL); the stirring speed is 300-600 rpm; the etching temperature is 30-45°C, and the etching time is 18-28 h.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 12 mol / L.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the intercalant for dispersing the precipitate is deionized water or dimethyl sulfoxide, the ultrasonic time is 1 to 2.5 hours, the centrifugal speed is 4000 to 6000 rpm, and the centrifugal time is 3 to 6 minutes.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (5), the concentration of the MXene dispersion is 5 to 25 mg / mL.

[0019] The present invention provides a MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared by the above method.

[0020] The present invention also provides a mask for human respiratory monitoring, the mask comprising a mask body and a strap, the mask body being connected to a MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array, and the specific preparation method is as follows: copper wire, conductive silver paste and copper tape are used to connect the above-mentioned MXene thermoelectric fabric in series to obtain a MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array; then the MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array is connected to the mask body using a flat needle method to obtain a mask for human respiratory detection.

[0021] [Beneficial Effects]

[0022] (1) The single-layer MXene nanosheets prepared by the present invention have good electrical properties;

[0023] (2) The nylon fabric used in the present invention makes the MXene thermoelectric fabric have good elasticity, and a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric is prepared;

[0024] (3) The present invention uses polydopamine to modify the surface of the textile fiber, making the fiber surface rough, which is beneficial to provide attachment sites for the MXene material and increase the MXene loading;

[0025] (4) The polydopamine-modified fabric is cationic modified by chitosan. The electrostatic attraction between chitosan and MXene can increase the loading amount of MXene material and the binding force between MXene and fiber. MXene is used to decorate the flexible fabric to construct a three-dimensional network structure of MXene thermoelectric fabric with a Seebeck coefficient of up to -12.3μV ​​K -1 , and has good thermoelectric sensing stability, can use the temperature difference between the environment and the human body to effectively convert it into electrical energy, and can be applied to human respiratory monitoring;

[0026] (5) The present invention can improve the output voltage of the device by connecting multiple MXene thermoelectric fabrics in series to form a thermoelectric sensing array;

[0027] (6) The MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared by the present invention can be sewn with a respiratory mask by utilizing the good flexibility, air permeability and comfort of the fabric substrate to monitor and identify the respiratory state of the body under different motion states;

[0028] (7) The MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared by the present invention has a simple preparation process, low requirements on production equipment, and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a TEM image of MXene nanosheets in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an AFM image of MXene nanosheets in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is an SEM image of the surface of the nylon fabric fiber of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an SEM image of the surface of the MXene thermoelectric fabric fiber in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the working principle of MXene thermoelectric fabric according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is the output voltage diagram of the MXene thermoelectric fabric in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the MXene thermoelectric fabric sensing array of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a monitoring diagram of the MXene thermoelectric fabric of the present invention on the human breathing state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Fabric air permeability test method: Fabric air permeability is tested using the YG461E air permeability tester produced by Ningbo Textile Instrument Factory. The test standard is based on GB / T5453-1997 "Determination of Air Permeability of Fabrics" and uses the constant pressure differential flow measurement method.

[0038] Loading capacity test method: Before the test, a high-precision balance is used to record the initial weight of the sample and the weight after loading the MXene material, so as to obtain the loading capacity of the MXene conductive material.

[0039] Conductivity test method: Use four probes to directly measure the MXene thermoelectric fabric to obtain the resistivity of the MXene thermoelectric fabric. The conductivity (S / m) of the MXene thermoelectric fabric can be calculated according to the formula "conductivity = 1 / resistivity".

[0040] The Seebeck coefficient is measured using a voltage tester to record the voltage difference across the MXene thermoelectric fabric. The temperature of the hot end of the MXene thermoelectric fabric is regulated by controlling the temperature of a constant-temperature heating platform. A handheld temperature gun and thermocouple are used to record the temperature across the MXene thermoelectric fabric. The Seebeck coefficient can be calculated by calculating the temperature difference across the MXene thermoelectric fabric and the open-circuit voltage.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] (1) A 1×20 cm nylon fabric was placed in a 50% ethanol solution by volume for 30 min, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 20 min to obtain the treated nylon fabric;

[0043] (2) placing the nylon fabric treated in step (1) into a 0.8% dopamine solution, adjusting the solution pH to 8.5, the reaction temperature to 35° C., and vibrating on a water bath shaker for 24 hours. After removal, the fabric was rinsed with deionized water to remove residues, and dried naturally at room temperature to obtain a polydopamine-modified nylon fabric;

[0044] (3) immersing the nylon fabric obtained in step (2) in a chitosan solution having a mass concentration of 0.5% for 30 minutes to perform cationic modification on the nylon fabric to obtain a positively charged nylon fabric;

[0045] (4) First, 2g LiF, 31mL HCl (12mol / L) and 9mL deionized water were added to a polytetrafluoroethylene beaker and placed in a water bath thermostat. The water bath temperature was 35℃, the magnetic stirring speed was 400rpm, and the reaction time was 30min. Then, 2g Ti3AlC2 powder was slowly added to the above mixed solution. The reaction lasted for 24h at 35℃. The obtained Ti3C2T x The product was washed with deionized water at a centrifugal speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes each time until the pH of the solution was close to neutral. Afterwards, deionized water was used as an intercalant and the mixed solution was placed in an ultrasonic cleaner with a power of 500 W for 1 hour. Finally, the mixture was centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a MXene dispersion.

[0046] (5) The nylon fabric obtained in step (3) was placed in a 15 mg / mL MXene dispersion for 30 min, and then placed in a 50°C vacuum drying oven for 25 min to prepare a MXene thermoelectric fabric.

[0047] The conductivity of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Example 1 is 291.2 S / m and the Seebeck coefficient is -12.3 μV K -1 , showing rapid thermoelectric response and excellent thermoelectric stability; under a pressure of 250 Pa, the air permeability of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Example 1 is 130 mm / s.

[0048] from Figure 1 It can be seen that MXene is in a flaky and transparent state; Figure 2This is the AFM of MXene nanosheets. From the thickness curve in the figure, it can be concluded that the thickness of the MXene nanosheets is about 1.6nm, indicating that a single layer of MXene nanosheets has been successfully prepared. Figure 3 This is a surface image of nylon fiber. It can be observed that the surface of the fiber is smooth. Figure 4 This is the morphology of MXene nanosheets wrapped on the surface of polydopamine-modified fibers. From the figure, it can be clearly observed that the MXene nanosheets are stacked on the surface of the fibers in a sheet state. Figure 5 This is the thermoelectric principle diagram of MXene thermoelectric fabric. The two ends of the MXene thermoelectric fabric are in contact with a cold (unheated) source and a hot (heated) source respectively. The temperature difference between the two ends causes electrons to move from the hot end to the cold end, thereby generating a voltage difference. Figure 6 The voltage curve generated by the different temperature differences at both ends of the MXene thermoelectric fabric. It can be observed that the greater the temperature difference, the higher the output voltage.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric sensor array. Connecting MXene thermoelectric fabrics in series increases the output voltage. The assembled MXene thermoelectric sensor array not only boosts the output voltage but also accurately reflects changes in the body's respiratory signals.

[0050] A mask for human breathing detection includes a mask body and a strap, and a MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array is connected to the mask body. The specific preparation method is as follows: four MXene thermoelectric fabrics prepared in Example 1 are connected in series using copper wire, conductive silver paste and copper tape to construct a MXene thermoelectric sensor array, and then the MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array is connected to the mask body using a flat needle method. The mask is then put on to simulate the body's breathing information under different states. The voltage generated by the thermoelectric fabric can be tested by an electrochemical workstation and displayed on a computer to achieve the purpose of monitoring and identification. Figure 8 As shown, based on the changes in electrical signals, MXene thermoelectric fabrics can identify different breathing states of the body, such as normal breathing and deep breathing.

[0051] Therefore, the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared by the present invention solves the problem of energy supply for wearable electronic devices themselves, can accurately monitor body breathing information under different states, and has potential application prospects in power generation, motion tracking and health monitoring.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] (1) A cotton fabric having a size of 1×20 cm was immersed in a 50% volume concentration ethanol solution for 30 minutes, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60° C. for 20 minutes to obtain the treated cotton fabric;

[0054] (2) placing the cotton fabric treated in step (1) into a 0.6% dopamine solution, adjusting the solution pH to 8.5, the reaction temperature to 35° C., and shaking on a water bath shaker for 24 h. The fabric was taken out and rinsed with deionized water to remove residues, and then dried naturally at room temperature;

[0055] (3) immersing the cotton fabric obtained in step (2) in a chitosan solution having a mass concentration of 0.1% for 30 minutes to perform cationic modification on the cotton fabric to obtain a positively charged cotton fabric;

[0056] (4) First, 2 g of LiF, 31 mL of HCl (12 mol / L), and 9 mL of deionized water were added to a polytetrafluoroethylene beaker, and the whole was placed in a water bath thermostat with a water bath temperature of 35 °C, a magnetic stirring speed of 400 rpm, and a reaction time of 30 min. Then, 2 g of Ti3AlC2 powder was slowly added to the above mixed solution. The reaction lasted for 24 h at 35 °C. The obtained Ti3C2T x The product was washed with deionized water at a centrifugal speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes each time until the pH of the solution was close to neutral. Afterwards, deionized water was used as an intercalant and the mixed solution was placed in an ultrasonic cleaner with a power of 500 W for 1 hour. Finally, the mixture was centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a MXene dispersion.

[0057] (5) The positively charged cotton fabric obtained in step (3) was placed in a 10 mg / mL MXene dispersion for 30 min, and then placed in a 50°C vacuum drying oven for 25 min to prepare a MXene thermoelectric fabric with cotton as the base material.

[0058] The MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Example 2 has an electrical conductivity of 221.6 S / m and a Seebeck coefficient of -8.92 μVK -1 , showing rapid thermoelectric response and good thermoelectric stability; under a pressure of 250 Pa, the air permeability of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Example 2 is 119 mm / s.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] (1) A 1×20 cm copper-ammonia fabric was placed in a 40% volume concentration ethanol solution for 30 minutes, and then placed in a 60° C. vacuum drying oven for 20 minutes to obtain the treated copper-ammonia fabric;

[0061] (2) placing the copper ammonia fabric treated in step (1) into a 0.8% dopamine solution, adjusting the solution pH to 8.5, the reaction temperature to 30°C, and shaking on a water bath shaker for 12 hours. The fabric was taken out and rinsed with deionized water to remove residues, and then dried naturally at room temperature.

[0062] (3) immersing the copper ammonia fabric obtained in step (2) in a chitosan solution having a mass concentration of 1% for 30 minutes to perform cationic modification on the copper ammonia fabric to obtain a copper ammonia fabric with a positive charge;

[0063] (4) First, 2 g of LiF, 31 mL of HCl (12 mol / L), and 9 mL of deionized water were added to a polytetrafluoroethylene beaker, and the whole was placed in a water bath thermostat with a water bath temperature of 35 °C, a magnetic stirring speed of 400 rpm, and a reaction time of 30 min. Then, 2 g of Ti3AlC2 powder was slowly added to the above mixed solution. The reaction lasted for 24 h at 35 °C. The obtained Ti3C2T x The product was washed with deionized water at a centrifugal speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes each time until the pH of the solution was close to neutral. Afterwards, deionized water was used as an intercalant and the mixed solution was placed in an ultrasonic cleaner with a power of 500 W for 1 hour. Finally, the mixture was centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a MXene dispersion.

[0064] (5) The positively charged copper ammonia fabric obtained in step (3) was placed in a 20 mg / mL MXene dispersion for 30 min, and then placed in a 50°C vacuum drying oven for 25 min to prepare a MXene thermoelectric fabric based on the copper ammonia fabric.

[0065] The MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Example 3 has an electrical conductivity of 269.6 S / m and a Seebeck coefficient of -8.14 μVK -1 , showing rapid thermoelectric response and good thermoelectric stability; under a pressure of 250 Pa, the air permeability of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Example 3 is 121 mm / s.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] The preparation method of the MXene thermoelectric fabric in Comparative Example 1 is the same as that in Example 1, except that the nylon fabric is not soaked in chitosan solution. The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0068] (1) A 1×20 cm nylon fabric was placed in a 50% ethanol solution for 30 minutes, and then placed in a 60°C vacuum drying oven for 20 minutes to obtain the treated nylon fabric;

[0069] (2) placing the nylon fabric treated in step (1) into a 0.8% dopamine solution, adjusting the solution pH to 8.5, the reaction temperature to 35°C, and shaking on a water bath shaker for 24 hours. The fabric was taken out and rinsed with deionized water to remove residues, and then dried naturally at room temperature.

[0070] (3) First, 2g LiF, 31mL HCl (12mol / L) and 9mL deionized water were added to a polytetrafluoroethylene beaker and placed in a water bath thermostat. The water bath temperature was 35℃, the magnetic stirring speed was 400rpm, and the reaction time was 30min. Then, 2g Ti3AlC2 powder was slowly added to the above mixed solution. The reaction lasted for 24h at 35℃. The obtained Ti3C2T x The product was washed with deionized water at a centrifugal speed of 5000 rpm for 5 minutes each time until the pH of the solution was close to neutral. After that, the mixed solution was placed in a 500W ultrasonic cleaner using deionized water as an intercalant and ultrasonicated for 1 hour. Finally, the MXene solution was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 5 minutes.

[0071] (4) The nylon fabric obtained in step (2) was placed in a 15 mg / mL MXene dispersion for 30 min, and then placed in a 50°C vacuum drying oven for 25 min to prepare a MXene thermoelectric fabric.

[0072] The conductivity of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1 is 231.6 S / m and the Seebeck coefficient is -9.9 μVK -1 Because the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1 was not soaked in chitosan solution, its electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient decreased compared to Example 1. At a pressure of 250 Pa, the air permeability of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1 was 135 mm / s.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] The preparation method of the MXene thermoelectric fabric of Comparative Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1, except that the nylon fabric is not modified with polydopamine. The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0075] (1) A 1×20 cm nylon fabric was placed in a 50% ethanol solution for 30 minutes, and then placed in a 60°C vacuum drying oven for 20 minutes to obtain the treated nylon fabric;

[0076] (2) immersing the nylon fabric obtained in step (1) in a chitosan solution having a mass concentration of 0.5% for 30 minutes to perform cationic modification on the nylon fabric to obtain a positively charged nylon fabric;

[0077] (3) The nylon fabric obtained in step (2) was placed in a 15 mg / mL MXene solution for 30 min, and then placed in a 50°C vacuum drying oven for 25 min to prepare a MXene thermoelectric fabric.

[0078] The conductivity of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Comparative Example 2 is 242.6 S / m and the Seebeck coefficient is -9.1 μVK -1 Due to the lack of polydopamine modification, the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Comparative Example 2 exhibits decreased electrical conductivity and a lower Seebeck coefficient compared to Example 1. At a pressure of 250 Pa, the air permeability of the MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared in Comparative Example 2 was 134 mm / s.

[0079] The polydopamine modified fabric (Example 1) with a loading of 3 mg / cm2 under 15 mg / mL MXene dispersion 2 , fabric without polydopamine coating (Comparative Example 2), MXene loading at 1 mg / cm 2 .

[0080] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, nor are the steps described to limit their execution order. Any obvious improvements to the present invention made by those skilled in the art in combination with existing common knowledge shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) soaking the fabric in an ethanol solution and drying it to obtain a treated fabric; (2) placing the fabric treated in step (1) into a dopamine solution to react, thereby obtaining a polydopamine-modified fabric; (3) immersing the polydopamine-modified fabric obtained in step (2) in a chitosan solution to obtain a positively charged fabric; (4) Lithium fluoride, hydrochloric acid, and deionized water are stirred and mixed to etch Ti3AlC2, and the precipitate is separated and collected. The precipitate is dispersed using an intercalating agent, ultrasonically treated, and centrifuged to collect the upper MXene dispersion. (5) Immersing the positively charged fabric in step (3) in a MXene dispersion and drying the resulting fabric to obtain a MXene thermoelectric fabric.

2. The method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In step (1), the fabric is one of nylon fabric, cotton fabric and cuprammonium fabric.

3. The method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In step (2), the mass concentration of the dopamine solution is 0.5-1%, and the pH is 8-8.

5.

4. The method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In step (2), the reaction temperature is 25-40° C., and the reaction time is 8-24 h.

5. The method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In step (3), the mass concentration of the chitosan solution is 0.1-1%; and the immersion time is 10-60 minutes.

6. The method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In step (4), the addition ratio of Ti3AlC2, lithium fluoride, hydrochloric acid and deionized water is 1g:1-1.5g:12-25mL:4.5mL; the etching temperature is 30-45°C, the etching time is 18-28h; and the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 12mol / L.

7. The method for preparing a stretchable MXene thermoelectric fabric according to claim 1, wherein: In step (5), the concentration of the MXene dispersion is 5 to 25 mg / mL.

8. MXene thermoelectric fabric prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Application of the MXene thermoelectric fabric according to claim 8 in the fields of power generation and motion tracking.

10. A mask for human respiratory monitoring, characterized in that: The mask includes a mask body and a strap, and a MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array is connected to the mask body. The specific preparation method is as follows: the MXene thermoelectric fabric described in claim 8 is connected in series using copper wire, conductive silver paste and copper tape to obtain a MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array; then the MXene thermoelectric fabric sensor array is connected to the mask body using a flat needle method to obtain a mask for human breathing detection.

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