A mining method combining upward approach and segmented filling

Abstract

A combined mining method of upward approach and sub-level filling includes setting an upward approach filling mining method area, a sub-level filling mining method area, an upward approach filling method stope, a sub-level filling method stope, a sub-level filling method stope filling body, an upward approach filling method stope filling body, a footwall vein out-mining roadway, an upper wall vein out-mining roadway, a panel ore body boundary, an upper wall ore body boundary, a footwall ore body boundary, an upward approach method second layer connecting road, an upward approach method third layer connecting road The mining road, the connecting road of the mining tunnel and the upper plate crushed surrounding rock do not need to be exposed, which can ensure that the high-capacity segmented filling method mining field is located in a medium-stable ore body; at the same time, since the upward approach filling method is adopted when the upper plate surrounding rock needs to be exposed, it has strong controllability, small depletion and loss, small additional engineering volume and low support cost, which ensures the safety of mining, maximizes the recovery of ore resources and greatly improves the comprehensive production capacity of the mining field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mining technology, in particular to a mining method combining upward approach and segmented filling. Background Art

[0002] For inclined medium-thick or thicker ore bodies with broken upper surrounding rock and moderately stable ore bodies, once the upper surrounding rock is exposed in the mining area, roof collapse often occurs, and may even collapse continuously upward to the middle section of the upper mining area or directly to the surface, seriously threatening the safety of mining personnel and equipment and causing loss and waste of ore.

[0003] To address the mining challenges of this type of orebody, both domestic and international approaches often employ layered backfill or upward approach backfill. Others employ long cable anchor support in the hanging wall followed by segmented backfill for mining. However, these known single mining methods present the following challenges: low mining capacity and significant safety risks; high support costs; and high ore depletion and loss rates, hindering safe, economical, and efficient mining.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance for our research group to develop an efficient and safe mining method for inclined medium-thick or thicker ore bodies with broken hanging wall surrounding rock and moderately stable ore bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The task of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a mining method combining an upward approach and segmented filling. The segmented filling method is preferentially used to mine the ore body near the footwall. Most of the ore body is mined without exposing the surrounding rock of the hanging wall. The mining area is then filled. After that, the upward approach filling method is used to mine the ore body near the broken surrounding rock of the hanging wall. This method can ensure the safety of medium-stable, inclined, medium-thick or above ore bodies with broken surrounding rock of the hanging wall, and can also be mined economically and efficiently. This method can achieve safe, economical and efficient mining of medium-thick or above ore bodies with broken surrounding rock of the hanging wall. It can maximize the recovery of ore resources while ensuring the safety of the stope, while achieving higher production capacity.

[0006] The task of the present invention is accomplished by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A combined mining method of upward approach and sub-level filling includes setting an upward approach filling mining method area, a sub-level filling mining method area, an upward approach filling method stope, a sub-level filling method stope, a sub-level filling method stope filling body, an upward approach filling method stope filling body, a lower wall vein out-mining roadway, an upper wall vein out-mining roadway, a panel ore body boundary, an upper wall ore body boundary, a lower wall ore body boundary, an upward approach method second layer connecting road, an upward approach method third layer connecting road, a sub-level filling method out-mining roadway connecting road, and upper wall crushed surrounding rock; the upward approach filling mining method area is an area mined by the upward approach filling method, and the ore body in this area is close to the upper wall crushed surrounding rock. Broken surrounding rock; The segmented filling mining method area is an area where the segmented filling method is used for mining. The ore body in this area is close to the footwall and is located in the ore body with better stability, without exposing the broken surrounding rock of the upper wall; the upward approach filling method stope is arranged along the strike of the ore body, and the approach stope section is 5m×5m and about 60m long; the segmented filling method stope is arranged along the strike perpendicular to the ore body, and the stope short boundary is adjacent to the upward approach method stope, with a segment height of about 15m, a length of 30~45m, and a width of 12~15m; the filling body of the segmented filling method stope is the material used to fill the goaf after the ore body of the segmented filling method stope is mined, which can limit the deformation of the stope And maintain its own stability; the filling body of the upward approach filling method stope is the material used to fill the goaf after the ore body of the upward approach filling method stope is mined, which can limit the deformation of the stope and maintain its own stability; the mining tunnel outside the lower wall vein is the ore discharge and transportation channel of the segmented filling method stope, which is 15 to 25 meters away from the lower wall boundary of the ore body; the mining tunnel outside the upper wall vein can be used as the ore discharge and transportation channel of the upward approach filling method stope and the segmented filling method stope at the same time, and is 25 to 30 meters away from the boundary of the upper wall ore body; the panel ore body boundary is the boundary of the ore body in one panel area, and also includes the ore body in the upward approach filling mining method area and the segmented filling mining The method is for an ore body in the regional area, with a panel area of ​​about 60m long along the strike of the ore body, a width equal to the thickness of the ore body, about 45m, and a height of 15m; the upper plate ore body boundary is the ore body boundary close to the upper plate in the panel area, and is the dividing line between the broken surrounding rock of the upper plate and the ore body; the lower plate ore body boundary is the maximum mining range boundary line of the ore body close to the lower plate area; the second layer connecting road of the upward approach method is the mining and mining channel of the second layer ore body; the third layer connecting road of the upward approach method is the mining and mining channel of the third layer ore body; the segmented filling method mining roadway connecting road is the main channel for rock drilling and mining connecting the mining roadways outside the upper plate and lower plate veins and the segmented filling method stope.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages or effects:

[0009] Because the segmented filling method is located in a medium-stable ore body during mining, there is no need to expose the broken surrounding rock of the upper plate, so it can ensure that the segmented filling method with high production capacity is located in a medium-stable ore body during mining; at the same time, since the upward approach filling method is used when it is necessary to expose the surrounding rock of the upper plate, it has strong controllability, and the depletion and loss are small; in addition, since only two layered connecting roads need to be added in a plate area during mining using the upward approach method, the additional engineering volume is small and the support cost is low, which not only ensures the safety of mining, but also maximizes the recovery of ore resources and greatly improves the comprehensive production capacity of the mine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic top view of a stope in the AA direction according to a combined upward approach and segmented filling mining method proposed by the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is a front view of the stope in the BB direction, showing a combined mining method of upward approach and segmented filling.

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a left-side view of the stope CC using a combined upward approach and staged filling mining method.

[0013] The symbols in the accompanying drawings represent:

[0014] 1. Upward Approach Filling Mining Method Area 2. Sublevel Filling Mining Method Area 3. Upward Approach Filling Method Stope 4. Sublevel Filling Method Stope 5. Sublevel Filling Method Stope Fill 6. Upward Approach Filling Method Stope Fill 7. Footwall Vein Exiting Roadway 8. Hanging Wall Vein Exiting Roadway 9. Wall Ore Body Boundary 10. Hanging Wall Ore Body Boundary 11. Footwall Ore Body Boundary 12. Upward Approach Second Layer Connector 13. Upward Approach Third Layer Connector 14. Sublevel Filling Method Exiting Roadway Connector 15. Hanging Wall Broken Surrounding Rock

[0015] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Reference Figures 1 to 3A combined mining method of upward approach and segmented filling is used to solve the mining problem of an inclined medium-thick or thicker ore body with broken upper wall surrounding rock and medium-stable ore body, comprising the following steps: setting an upward approach filling mining method area (1), a segmented filling mining method area (2), an upward approach filling method stope (3), a segmented filling method stope (4), a segmented filling method stope filling body (5), an upward approach filling method stope filling body (6), a lower wall vein out-mining roadway (7), an upper wall vein out-mining roadway (8), a wall area ore body boundary (9), an upper wall ore body boundary (10), a lower wall ore body boundary (11), an upward approach method second layer connecting road (12), an upward approach method third layer connecting road (13), a segmented filling method out-mining roadway connecting road (14), an upper wall crushed surrounding rock, a segmented filling method stope connecting road (15), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (16), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (17), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (18), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (19), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (20), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (21), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (22), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (23), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (24), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (25), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (26), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (27), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (28), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (29), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (30), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (31), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (32), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (33), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (34), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (35), a segmented filling method stope connecting road (36), a segment Rock (15); the upward approach filling mining method area (1) is an area mined by the upward approach filling method, and the ore body in this area is close to the upper wall broken surrounding rock (15); the segmented filling mining method area (2) is an area mined by the segmented filling method, and the ore body in this area is close to the lower wall, located in the ore body with better stability, and the upper wall broken surrounding rock is not exposed; the upward approach filling method stope (3) is arranged along the vertical ore body trend, the approach stope section is 5m×5m, and the length is about 60m; the segmented filling method stope (4) is arranged along the vertical ore body trend, the stope short boundary is adjacent to the upward approach method stope (3), the segment height is about 15m, the length is 30-45m, and the width is 12-15m; the segmented filling method stope filling body (5) is segmented. After the ore body of the segment filling method stope is mined, the material used to fill the goaf can limit the deformation of the stope and maintain its own stability; the upward approach filling method stope filling body (6) is the material used to fill the goaf after the ore body of the upward approach filling method stope is mined, which can limit the deformation of the stope and maintain its own stability; the lower wall vein out-mining roadway (7) is the ore discharge and transportation channel of the segment filling method stope, which is 15 to 25 meters away from the lower wall boundary of the ore body; the upper wall vein out-mining roadway (8) can be used as the ore discharge and transportation channel of the upper approach filling method stope and the segment filling method stope at the same time, which is 25 to 30 meters away from the upper wall ore body boundary (10); the panel ore body boundary (9) is the boundary of the ore body in one panel, and also includes the upward approach filling mining method area (1) Ore body and segmented filling mining method area (2) Ore body, one panel area is about 60m long along the ore body strike, about 45m wide as the thickness of the ore body, and 15m high; the upper plate ore body boundary (10) is the ore body boundary close to the upper plate in the panel area, and is the dividing line between the upper plate broken surrounding rock and the ore body; the lower plate ore body boundary (11) is the maximum mining range boundary line of the ore body close to the lower plate area; the second layer connecting road (12) of the upward approach method is the mining and mining channel of the second layer ore body; the third layer connecting road (13) of the upward approach method is the mining and mining channel of the third layer ore body; the segmented filling method mining channel connecting road (14) is the main channel for rock drilling and mining connecting the mining channels outside the upper plate and lower plate veins and the segmented filling method stope (2).

[0017] The specific process steps and conditions of the present invention can be further

[0018] First, the ore body is divided into plate areas, which are about 60m long, 45m wide, and 15m high. The ore body about 35m thick near the lower plate is mined by the segmented filling method, and the ore body about 10m thick near the upper plate is mined by the upward approach filling method.

[0019] In the panel area, the segmented filling mining method area (2) is mined first, and the mining sequence is one or three mining. After all the segmented filling mining areas in the panel area are mined and filled, the upward approach filling mining method area (1) is mined.

[0020] When mining in the segmented filling mining method area (2), the roof and side walls are located in a medium-stable ore body and do not require support. The stope is about 35m long, 12-15m wide, and 15m high in a segment. The mined ore is shoveled out by a remote-controlled scraper through the upper and lower plate mine tunnel connecting road (14) and the upper and lower plate vein mine tunnel (7, 8) to the ore chute; after all the ore in the stope is mined, the empty area of ​​the stope is immediately filled with cemented filling.

[0021] After all the stopes of the segmented filling mining method area (2) in the plate area are mined and filled, and the filling body strength reaches the design strength, the upward approach filling mining method area (1) is mined. The 15m segment height is divided into three layers for mining. The vertical mining order is from bottom to top. The remaining 10m wide ore body thickness is divided into two approach stopes for mining. The approach stope close to the lower plate is mined first, and then the approach stope of the upper plate is mined. The cross-section of a single approach stope is 5m×5m and the length is about 60m. The upward approach filling method stope adopts anchor mesh spraying support.

[0022] The distance between the upper wall vein outbound mining tunnel (8) and the upper wall ore body boundary (10) is at least 25m, so as to ensure the construction of the second and third layer connecting roads (12, 13) of the upper approach method when the upper approach filling method is turned upward.

[0023] The slopes of the second layered connecting road (12) of the upward approach method and the third layered connecting road (13) of the upward approach method are both 8 to 9 degrees.

[0024] In industrial applications, for mining of inclined medium-thick or thicker ore bodies with broken hanging wall surrounding rock and moderately stable ore bodies, it includes but is not limited to the following steps and conditions:

[0025] A. The ore body is divided into panels for mining. The panel ore body boundary (9) includes the ore body of the upward approach filling mining method area (1) and the ore body of the segmented filling mining method area (2). The panel is about 60m long, about 45m wide (the thickness of the ore body), and 15m high (the segmented height). The upward approach filling mining method area (1) is arranged as the upward approach filling method stope (3) for mining, and the segmented filling mining method area (2) is arranged as the segmented filling method stope (4) for mining.

[0026] B. The sub-level filling method stope (4) is close to the footwall ore body boundary (11), and the upward approach filling method stope (3) is close to the hanging wall ore body boundary (10). Within the range of the wall ore body boundary (9), the sub-level filling method area (2) ore body is mined first, and then the upward approach filling method area (1) ore body is mined;

[0027] C. The stope of the segmented filling method (4) is arranged perpendicular to the ore body, with a length of 35m, a width of 12m, and a height of 15m. The stope does not require support, and the segmented filling method stope (4) within the panel area adopts the method of mining every other piece or every third piece.

[0028] D. After all the sub-division filling method stope (4) is mined and the sub-division filling method stope filling body (5) is filled, and the filling body strength reaches above 1MPa, then the upward approach filling mining method area (1) stope is mined. The upward approach filling method stope (3) is arranged along the ore body strike, with a stope length of 60m, a width of 5m, and a height of 5m. The vertical direction adopts a bottom-up mining sequence. In the horizontal direction, the approach stope close to the sub-division filling method stope (4) is mined first, and then the approach stope close to the upper wall broken surrounding rock (15) is mined. The stope adopts anchor mesh spraying support.

[0029] E. The ore mined in the staged filling stope (4) is transported to the middle ore chute through the upper wall vein out-mining tunnel (8) and the lower wall vein out-mining tunnel (7). The upper wall vein out-mining tunnel (8) is 25 to 30 meters away from the upper wall ore body boundary (10), and the lower wall vein out-mining tunnel (7) is 15 to 25 meters away from the lower wall ore body boundary (11);

[0030] F. The upward approach filling method stope (3) is divided into three layers from bottom to top for mining, and each layer is 5m high. The ore mined in the first layer stope is directly mined using the existing upper wall vein mining tunnel (8) and upper wall mining tunnel connecting road (14) of the segmented filling method stope (4). The second layer stope needs to construct a second layer connecting road (12) of the upward approach method for mining and transportation. The third layer stope needs to construct a third layer connecting road (13) of the upward approach method for mining and transportation. The slope of the layer connecting road is 8-9°.

[0031] G. When mining with the upward approach filling method (3), the upper plate broken surrounding rock (15) will be exposed, and anchor mesh spraying is required for support. Since the span of the upward approach filling method (3) is small, only 5m, the support is convenient and flexible, and the ore body close to the upper plate ore body boundary (10) can be recovered to the maximum extent.

[0032] As described above, the present invention can be better implemented. The above embodiments are only the best implementation methods of the present invention, but the implementation methods of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Other changes, modifications, replacements, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining method combining upward approach and segmented filling, characterized in that The method comprises setting an upward approach filling mining method area (1), a segmented filling mining method area (2), an upward approach filling method stope (3), a segmented filling method stope (4), a segmented filling method stope filling body (5), an upward approach filling method stope filling body (6), a lower plate vein out-mining roadway (7), an upper plate vein out-mining roadway (8), a plate area ore body boundary (9), an upper plate ore body boundary (10), a lower plate ore body boundary (11), an upward approach method second layer connecting road (12), an upward approach method third layer connecting road (13), a segmented filling method out-mining roadway connecting road (14), and upper plate crushed surrounding rock (15); the upward approach filling mining method area (1) is a mining method using the upward approach filling method. The ore body in this area is close to the upper plate broken surrounding rock (15); the segmented filling mining method area (2) is an area mined by the segmented filling method, the ore body in this area is close to the lower plate, located in the ore body with good stability, and the upper plate broken surrounding rock is not exposed; the upward approach filling method stope (3) is arranged along the strike of the ore body, the approach stope section is 5m×5m, and the length is 60m; the segmented filling method stope (4) is arranged along the vertical strike of the ore body, the stope short boundary is adjacent to the upward approach method stope (3), the segment height is 15m, the length is 30~45m, and the width is 12~15m; the segmented filling method stope filling body (5) is the material used to fill the goaf after the segmented filling method stope ore body is mined, which can limit The deformation of the mining field is controlled and the stability of the mining field is maintained; the filling body (6) of the mining field of the upward approach filling method is the material used to fill the goaf after the mining of the ore body of the mining field of the upward approach filling method, which can limit the deformation of the mining field and maintain the stability of the mining field; the mining tunnel (7) outside the lower wall vein is the mining and transportation channel of the sub-level filling method mining field, which is 15~25m away from the lower wall boundary of the ore body; the mining tunnel (8) outside the upper wall vein can be used as the mining and transportation channel of the mining field of the upward approach filling method and the sub-level filling method, and is 25~30m away from the upper wall ore body boundary (10); the panel ore body boundary (9) is the boundary of the ore body in a panel area, and includes the ore body of the upward approach filling mining method area (1) and the sub-level filling mining method area. The ore body in the mining method area (2) is 60m long along the strike of the ore body, 45m wide and 15m high; the upper plate ore body boundary (10) is the ore body boundary close to the upper plate in the plate area, and is the boundary between the upper plate broken surrounding rock and the ore body; the lower plate ore body boundary (11) is the maximum mining range boundary of the ore body close to the lower plate area; the second layer connecting road (12) of the upward approach method is the mining and mining channel of the second layer ore body; the third layer connecting road (13) of the upward approach method is the mining and mining channel of the third layer ore body; the segmented filling method mining channel connecting road (14) is the main channel for rock drilling and mining connecting the mining channels outside the upper plate and lower plate veins and the segmented filling method stope (2).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the The ore body is divided into plate areas with a length of 60m, a width of 45m and a height of 15m. The ore body with a thickness of 35m near the lower plate is mined by the segmented filling method, and the ore body with a thickness of 10m near the upper plate is mined by the upward approach filling method.

3. The method according to claim 2 is characterized in that within the disk area, the segmented filling mining method area (2) is first mined, and the mining sequence is one every other or one every three mining. After all the segmented filling method mining areas in the disk area are mined and filled, the upward approach filling mining method area (1) is mined.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In the segmented filling mining method area (2), when the stope is mined, the roof and side walls are located in a medium-stable ore body and do not require support. The stope is 35m long, 12~15m wide, and 15m high in a segment. The mined ore is shoveled out by a remote-controlled scraper through the upper and lower plate mine tunnel connecting road (14) and the upper and lower plate vein mine tunnel (7, 8) to the ore chute; after all the ore in the stope is mined, the empty area of ​​the stope is immediately filled with cemented filling.

5. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein After all the stopes of the segmented filling mining method area (2) in the plate area have been mined and filled, and the filling body strength has reached the design strength requirement, the upward approach filling mining method area (1) will be mined. The 15m segment height is divided into three layers for mining. The vertical mining order is from bottom to top. The remaining 10m wide ore body thickness is divided into two approach stopes for mining. The approach stope close to the lower plate is mined first, and then the approach stope of the upper plate is mined. The cross section of a single approach stope is 5m×5m and the length is 60m. The upward approach filling method stope adopts anchor mesh spraying support.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The upper wall vein outgoing mining tunnel (8) is at least 25m away from the upper wall ore body boundary (10) to ensure the construction of the second and third layer connecting roads (12, 13) of the upper approach method when the upper approach filling method is turned upward.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein The slopes of the second layered connecting road (12) of the upward approach method and the third layered connecting road (13) of the upward approach method are both 8~9°.

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