A machine tool for multi-surface machining of refrigeration compressor crankcase

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration compressors, and more specifically, to a machine tool for multi-faceted processing of a crankcase of a refrigeration compressor. It comprises a processing machine tool, wherein a machine base is provided inside the processing machine tool, and tracks are provided around the machine base. A mechanical arm is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding member of the track, and a dust collection assembly is fixedly connected to the end of the mechanical arm; a cutting assembly is movably connected to the top of the dust collection assembly, and a suction pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the dust collection assembly. The suction pipe is movably connected inside the mechanical arm, and the end of the suction pipe passing through the mechanical arm is fixedly connected to an industrial vacuum cleaner, which is installed inside the machine base. By adjusting the size of the cutting assembly, the processing size of the crankcase can be adaptively adjusted, and the sharpness of the cutting assembly can be improved during the telescopic adjustment process; at the same time, during the telescopic adjustment process of the cutting assembly, the expansion size of the dust collection assembly can also be adaptively adjusted, so as to facilitate the adsorption of debris of different sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration compressors, in particular to a machine tool for multi-surface machining of a crankcase of a refrigeration compressor. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing process of refrigeration compressors, the crankcase is a key component, and its processing quality directly affects the performance and reliability of the compressor. With the continuous development of refrigeration technology, the processing accuracy requirements for crankcases are getting higher and higher. Traditional crankcase processing usually uses ordinary machine tools to process each surface and hole one by one. This processing method is not only inefficient, but also difficult to ensure the position accuracy between each processing surface. In order to improve processing efficiency and accuracy, multi-faceted processing machine tools came into being. This machine tool can process multiple surfaces of the crankcase at the same time, greatly shortening the processing time and improving the processing accuracy.

[0003] In the process of machining the crankcase of the refrigeration compressor, a large amount of impurities and iron chips will inevitably be generated; compared with the machining of ordinary crankcases, the machining of the crankcase of the refrigeration compressor has higher requirements for cleanliness; in the entire machining process, it is necessary to more strictly prevent impurities, iron chips, etc. from entering the crankcase; at present, although some existing multi-faceted machining machine tools are equipped with simple chip removal devices, these devices often only discharge the fallen impurities, and the machining of the crankcase is relatively precise, and there are many holes inside it, which makes it easy for some debris to remain inside during machining, and it is not convenient to directly remove the generated debris during machining; it may cause impurities to enter the crankcase again during machining, affecting the machining quality.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a machine tool for multi-surface machining of a refrigeration compressor crankcase. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool for multi-surface machining of a refrigeration compressor crankcase to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a machine tool for multi-surface machining of a crankcase of a refrigeration compressor, comprising a machining machine tool, a machine base is provided inside the machining machine tool, tracks are provided around the machine base, a mechanical arm is fixedly connected to the top of a sliding member of the track, and a dust collection assembly is fixedly connected to the end of the mechanical arm;

[0007] The top of the dust suction component is movably connected to a cutting component, the end of the dust suction component is fixedly connected to a suction pipe, the suction pipe is movably connected inside the mechanical arm, the end of the suction pipe passing through the mechanical arm is fixedly connected to an industrial vacuum cleaner, and the industrial vacuum cleaner is installed inside the machine base;

[0008] The cutting assembly is used for cutting the crankcase surface, and the dust collection assembly is used for adsorbing and collecting the debris during cutting and crushing the debris entering the suction pipe. The cutting assembly can adaptively adjust the cutting size and correspondingly adjust the size of the dust collection assembly suction port, and improve the sharpness of the cutting assembly during the telescopic adjustment process.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the dust suction assembly includes a support plate, which is fixedly connected to the end of the robotic arm, a suction head is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, one end of the suction head is fixedly connected to a suction tube, the other end of the suction head is fixedly connected to a cutting assembly near the top, baffles are movably connected on both sides of the suction head, and a bottom plate is movably connected inside the support plate.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate near the end, a rotating rod is movably connected to the inside of the suction head near the end, the rotating rod passes through the suction head and is located inside the support plate, a clockwork spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod, and a plurality of blades are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod located inside the suction head.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the end of the bottom plate passing through the support plate is in an arc shape, and the bottom plate is made of rubber.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the cutting assembly includes a large knife, which is fixedly connected to the end of the suction head near the top, a small knife is movably connected to the top of the large knife, buckles are fixedly connected at both ends of the small knife, the buckles are movably connected inside the large knife, a rack is fixedly connected to the end of the small knife, the rack is movably connected to the top of the suction head, a push rod is fixedly connected to the top of the rack, a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod, and the sliding rod is movably connected inside the support plate.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the outer walls on both sides of the rack are movably connected to multi-stage gears, the rotating shaft at the bottom of the multi-stage gears is movably connected to the top of the suction head, the outer wall of the smallest gear in the multi-stage gears cooperates with the rack for movement, and the bottom of the largest gear in the multi-stage gears is fixedly connected to a shaft rod, and the shaft rod passes through the suction head and is fixedly connected to the inside of the baffle.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the multi-stage gear is four gears increasing in sequence from small to large, a rack is meshedly connected between the outer walls of the two smallest gears in the multi-stage gears, the largest gear of the multi-stage gears is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft, and the multiple gears of the multi-stage gears are directly meshed and rotated with each other.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In the machine tool for multi-faceted processing of the crankcase of the refrigeration compressor, the cutting assembly is driven by a mechanical arm to perform processing, and at the same time, the dust collection assembly is always aligned with the debris generated during the processing to absorb and collect the debris. By adjusting the size of the cutting assembly, the processing size of the crankcase can be adaptively adjusted, and the sharpness of the cutting assembly can be improved during the telescopic adjustment process. At the same time, during the telescopic process of the cutting assembly, the expansion size of the dust collection assembly can also be adaptively adjusted to facilitate the absorption of debris of different sizes.

[0017] 2. In the machine tool for multi-faceted processing of the crankcase of the refrigeration compressor, when the cutting assembly is adjusted to a large-area cutting processing state, the dust collection assembly is located directly below the cutting assembly, so that it is convenient to receive the fallen debris while the cutting assembly is working, to avoid heavy debris that is not sucked into the dust collection assembly in time; at the same time, during the cutting process, the dust collection assembly is driven to expand and contract with its movement, and the debris entering the dust collection assembly is crushed to avoid clogging of the dust collection assembly by large debris.

[0018] 3. In the machine tool for multi-surface processing of the crankcase of the refrigeration compressor, when the cutting component is adjusted to a smaller area cutting processing state, the opening size of the dust collection component is driven to shrink during the process of switching and adjusting its size state, so that the debris inside the dust collection component can be pushed, pulled and gathered during the shrinkage process, and the suction force of the industrial vacuum cleaner can be concentrated to prevent lighter debris from floating around with the flow of air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-faceted processing structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mechanical arm of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the crushing direction of the dust collection component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the expansion direction of the dust collection component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the processing head of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust collection component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting assembly of the present invention.

[0027] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0028] 1. Machine base; 11. Robotic arm;

[0029] 12. dust suction assembly; 120. support plate; 121. suction head; 122. baffle plate; 123. bottom plate; 124. support rod; 125. spring; 126. rotating rod; 127. blade;

[0030] 13. cutting assembly; 130. broadsword; 131. small knife; 1310. buckle; 132. rack; 133. push rod; 1330. slide rod; 134. multi-stage gear; 135. shaft rod;

[0031] 14. Straw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. Example 1

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a machine tool for multi-surface machining of a crankcase of a refrigeration compressor, including a machining machine tool, a machine base 1 is provided inside the machining machine tool, tracks are provided around the machine base 1, a mechanical arm 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding member of the track, and a dust collection assembly 12 is fixedly connected to the end of the mechanical arm 11;

[0036] The top of the dust collection component 12 is movably connected to the cutting component 13, and the end of the dust collection component 12 is fixedly connected to the suction pipe 14, which is movably connected to the inside of the mechanical arm 11. The end of the suction pipe 14 passing through the mechanical arm 11 is fixedly connected to an industrial vacuum cleaner, which is installed inside the machine base 1;

[0037] The cutting assembly 13 is used to perform cutting processing on the crankcase surface, and the dust collecting assembly 12 is used to absorb and collect the debris during cutting, and crush the debris entering the suction pipe 14. The cutting assembly 13 can adjust the cutting size adaptively, and adjust the suction port size of the dust collecting assembly 12 accordingly, and improve the sharpness of the cutting assembly 13 during the telescopic adjustment process;

[0038] The improvement of this embodiment is that: during the machining of the crankcase, an industrial vacuum cleaner is used to apply a strong suction force to the suction pipe 14, so that the dust generated during the machining process can be quickly sucked into the industrial vacuum cleaner through the suction pipe 14 through the dust suction component 12 very conveniently; the angle between the cutting component 13 and the dust suction component 12 is accurately adjusted by the advanced mechanical arm 11; when the cutting component 13 is machining, the dust suction component 12 can always accurately align with the debris continuously generated during the machining process, and then efficiently absorb and collect the debris;

[0039] By adjusting the size of the cutting assembly 13, the size of the crankcase processing can be adaptively adjusted; in the process of telescopic adjustment, not only can the processing size be flexibly controlled, but the sharpness of the cutting assembly 13 can also be improved simultaneously; this makes the cutting process smoother and more efficient, reduces cutting resistance, and improves processing quality and efficiency; and, in the process of telescopic adjustment of the cutting assembly 13, the working state of the dust collection assembly 12 can be flexibly adjusted according to the different sizes of debris, reducing the interference of the debris on the processing process and improving the crankcase processing accuracy;

[0040] Among them, the working principle of the industrial vacuum cleaner is known to those skilled in the art, that is, a motor is used to drive a high-pressure fan or an integrated machine is used to generate negative pressure in a limited volume, thereby generating suction, and after the medium is sucked in, it is filtered through a filter bag or a filter barrel for secondary filtration; it is a device used for the collection, operation, and transportation of waste medium particles, dust, smoke, oil, water, etc. generated during industrial use;

[0041] The working principle of the robot arm 11 is known to those skilled in the art. It is mainly composed of a base, joints, connecting rods and an end effector. Its control system includes a controller, a sensor and an actuator. When working, programming or teaching is first performed, and then the control system performs motion planning according to the task requirements and the state of the robot arm 11 to determine the trajectory and action sequence. Then, the actuator is controlled to drive the joint to move so that the robot arm 11 performs the task according to the predetermined trajectory. During the movement, the sensor continuously feeds back information, and the controller adjusts the movement accordingly to ensure accuracy and stability.

[0042] First, the specific structure of the dust suction assembly 12 is disclosed. The dust suction assembly 12 includes a support plate 120, which is fixedly connected to the end of the robot arm 11. A suction head 121 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 120. One end of the suction head 121 is fixedly connected to the suction pipe 14. The other end of the suction head 121 is fixedly connected to the cutting assembly 13 near the top. Baffles 122 are movably connected to both sides of the suction head 121. A bottom plate 123 is movably connected inside the support plate 120.

[0043] A support rod 124 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate 123 near the end, and a rotating rod 126 is movably connected to the inside of the suction head 121 near the end. The rotating rod 126 passes through the suction head 121 and is located inside the support plate 120. A clockwork spring 125 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod 124. A plurality of blades 127 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 126 located inside the suction head 121.

[0044] See also Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, when the cutting assembly 13 is in the state of cutting with a small knife 131, the suction force is input to the suction pipe 14 by starting the industrial vacuum cleaner, and when the suction head 121 is aimed at the debris, the debris is sucked into the suction head 121 through the suction pipe 14 and enters the interior of the industrial vacuum cleaner; when the cutting assembly 13 is in the state of cutting with a large knife 130, since the debris cut by the large knife 130 is large, and the bottom plate 123 is parallel to the large knife 130, the debris cut by the large knife 130 can be received, ensuring that the debris is sucked into the interior of the suction head 121;

[0045] When the broadsword 130 touches the crankcase for processing, the bottom plate 123 is squeezed according to the thickness of the cutting of the broadsword 130, so that the bottom plate 123 shrinks inside the support plate 120, and the spring spring 125 is stretched during the shrinking process of the bottom plate 123; when the broadsword 130 finishes cutting and retracts, the bottom plate 123 loses the squeezing force, so that the spring spring 125 rebounds, and the bottom plate 123 is reset and pushed out from the inside of the support plate 120, and during the rebound of the spring spring 125, the rotating rod 126 is driven to rotate inside the suction head 121, so that the multiple blades 127 rotate to crush the debris entering the suction head 121, so as to avoid large debris being blocked inside the suction tube 14 when the broadsword 130 is cutting;

[0046] The working principle of the spring 125 is known to those skilled in the art, based on elastic deformation and energy storage, and is usually made of an elastic metal strip or coil, and has a certain elasticity and flexibility; the spring is bent or twisted manually or automatically to store elastic energy; when the spring 125 is released, the stored energy is released, converting the driving force into motion or other forms of energy output 125;

[0047] The end of the bottom plate 123 passing through the support plate 120 is in an arc shape. The bottom plate 123 is made of rubber. According to the elasticity and pressure resistance of rubber, when the rubber is subjected to a static load, it can disperse the pressure through its own elastic deformation, thereby providing a certain supporting force, and can return to its original shape after being deformed by force; it is convenient to adapt to the multi-faceted shape of the crankcase, and according to the concave and convex state of the surface of the crankcase, the bottom plate 123 is deformed when in contact, and according to the supporting force, when it touches the crankcase, the extrusion force rebounds inside the support plate 120.

[0048] Finally, the specific structure of the cutting assembly 13 is disclosed. The cutting assembly 13 includes a large knife 130. The large knife 130 is fixedly connected to the end of the suction head 121 near the top. The top of the large knife 130 is movably connected to a small knife 131. Both ends of the small knife 131 are fixedly connected to buckles 1310. The buckles 1310 are movably connected to the inside of the large knife 130. The end of the small knife 131 is fixedly connected to a rack 132. The rack 132 is movably connected to the top of the suction head 121. The top of the rack 132 is fixedly connected to a push rod 133. The end of the push rod 133 is fixedly connected to a slide rod 1330. The slide rod 1330 is movably connected to the inside of the support plate 120.

[0049] The outer walls on both sides of the rack 132 are movably connected to the multi-stage gear 134. The rotating shaft at the bottom of the multi-stage gear 134 is movably connected to the top of the suction head 121. The outer wall of the smallest gear in the multi-stage gear 134 cooperates with the rack 132 for movement. The bottom of the largest gear in the multi-stage gear 134 is fixedly connected to the shaft 135. The shaft 135 passes through the suction head 121 and is fixedly connected to the inside of the baffle 122.

[0050] The multi-stage gear 134 is composed of four gears increasing in size from small to large. A rack 132 is meshed between the outer walls of the smallest gears in the two multi-stage gears 134. The largest gear of the multi-stage gear 134 is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft 135. The multiple gears of the multi-stage gear 134 are directly meshed and rotated with each other.

[0051] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the smallest gear in one of the multi-stage gears 134 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the motor output shaft, and the rack 132 is driven to move on the top of the suction head 121 by the rotation of the gear, and the smallest gear in another multi-stage gear 134 is driven to rotate by the movement of the rack 132, so that the smallest gears in the two multi-stage gears 134 rotate in opposite directions to each other; at the same time, the push rod 133 moves under the action of the movement of the rack 132, and the moving position of the push rod 133 is supported and limited by the slide bar 1330. The push rod 133 pushes the knife 131 to extend and retract, so that the knife 131 exceeds the length of the broad knife 130, so as to switch the cutting state of the broad knife 130 and the knife 131 conveniently; and when the knife 131 is pushed forward, the buckle 1310 moves forward accordingly, and when the buckle 1310 moves to the hole near the end of the broad knife 130, the buckle 1310 extends downward and penetrates into the hole of the broad knife 130, so as to fix the extension position of the broad knife 130 and the knife 131;

[0052] The working principle of the buckle 1310 is as known to those skilled in the art. It is usually composed of two parts, a spring and a buckle rod. Its working principle is mainly to utilize the elasticity of the spring and the structure of the buckle rod to achieve the functions of tightening and loosening. When two objects need to be connected together, the buckle rod part of the spring buckle is aligned with the corresponding hole or groove of the other object, and then the buckle rod is pushed into the hole or groove by the elasticity of the spring, thereby achieving the connection between the two objects. When the two objects need to be separated, the buckle rod is moved in the hole or groove along its own arc outer wall by external driving force, thereby squeezing the spring and popping the buckle rod out of the hole or groove to achieve the separation of the two objects.

[0053] When the smallest gear in the multi-stage gear 134 rotates, it drives multiple gears inside it to rotate at the same time. Since the multi-stage gear 134 is a gear that increases from small to large, according to the gear rotation principle, when the small gear acts as a driving wheel to drive the large gear to rotate, due to the meshing of the two gears, their linear speeds at the meshing point are equal; according to the relationship between linear speed, rotation speed and radius (linear speed = rotation speed × radius), the radius of the small gear is smaller and the radius of the large gear is larger; when the linear speed is equal, the rotation speed of the large gear with a larger radius will be lower than that of the small gear, thereby reducing the speed of the large gear; at this time, the shaft 135 is driven to rotate by the largest gear, and the baffle 122 is driven to rotate inside the suction head 121 by the shaft 135 to adjust the expansion size of the two baffles 122;

[0054] Secondly, the large knife 130 and the small knife 131 are both miniature electric saw type rotatable cutting tools, and their working principle is known to those skilled in the art, mainly powered by a small motor, which drives the saw blade to rotate at high speed through gears or belt transmission. The saw blade is made of high-strength metal, and the shape and arrangement of the teeth on it are designed according to the cutting task. After starting, the saw blade is aimed at the material and pressure is applied, and the teeth cut into the material to achieve cutting.

[0055] In summary, the working principle of this solution is as follows:

[0056] First, the output shaft of the motor rotates to drive the smallest gear in one of the multi-stage gears 134 to start rotating, and the rotation of the smallest gear will further drive the rack 132 to move on the top of the suction head 121. As the rack 132 moves, it will drive the smallest gear in another multi-stage gear 134 to rotate, so that the smallest gears in the two multi-stage gears 134 rotate in opposite directions to each other; at the same time, the push rod 133 also starts to move under the movement of the rack 132, and the slide bar 1330 plays a role of supporting and limiting the moving position of the push rod 133 in this process;

[0057] By pushing the slide bar 1330, the knife 131 can be extended and retracted, so that the knife 131 is longer than the large knife 130, which is convenient for switching the cutting state of the large knife 130 and the knife 131 to meet different cutting needs; and when the knife 131 is pushed forward, the buckle 1310 will also move forward; when the buckle 1310 moves to the hole near the end of the large knife 130, the buckle 1310 will be extended and retracted downward and penetrate into the hole of the large knife 130; the extension position of the large knife 130 and the knife 131 is fixed to ensure that the position of the knife is stable and reliable under a specific cutting state;

[0058] When the cutting assembly 13 is in the state of cutting with the knife 131, the industrial vacuum cleaner is started, and a strong suction force is input to the suction pipe 14; when the suction head 121 is accurately aligned with the debris, the debris is sucked into the suction head 121 under the action of the suction force, and then smoothly enters the interior of the industrial vacuum cleaner through the suction pipe 14, ensuring the cleanliness of the processing environment; and when the cutting assembly 13 is in the state of cutting with the broadsword 130, since the debris generated by the broadsword 130 is relatively large, and the bottom plate 123 is arranged parallel to the broadsword 130, the bottom plate 123 can effectively receive the debris cut by the broadsword 130, ensuring that relatively large debris can also be smoothly sucked into the interior of the suction head 121, improving the efficiency and reliability of dust collection;

[0059] When the broadsword 130 touches the crankcase for processing, the bottom plate 123 will be squeezed according to the thickness of the cutting of the broadsword 130; in this process, the bottom plate 123 will shrink inside the support plate 120, and stretch the spring 125 while shrinking; when the broadsword 130 completes the cutting and retracts, the bottom plate 123 loses the squeezing force, and the spring 125 will rebound quickly at this time; the rebound of the spring 125 will push the bottom plate 123 out from the inside of the support plate 120, so that it returns to its initial position, ready to meet the next debris receiving work; and, during the rebound of the spring 125, the rotating rod 126 will also be driven to rotate inside the suction head 121; the rotation of the rotating rod 126 causes the multiple blades 127 to rotate accordingly, and the debris entering the suction head 121 is crushed, thereby avoiding that larger debris is blocked inside the suction pipe 14 when the broadsword 130 is cutting, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the dust collection system. Example 2

[0060] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the process of machining the crankcase in the present application, since the crankcase usually has a complex shape and internal structure, the size and machining requirements of different parts may vary greatly; some areas may require a larger cutting force and a deeper cutting depth to remove a large amount of material, so a larger cutting tool is usually used; when the cutting force is large, the material is more likely to be cut off in larger blocks, thereby generating larger-sized chips; and a larger tool can perform a larger cutting depth and feed rate, which causes a larger amount of material to be removed in one cutting, and is prone to generating larger chips;

[0061] When it is necessary to cut off a larger block, the motor output shaft drives the smallest gear in one of the multi-stage gears 134 to rotate; as this gear rotates, the rack 132 connected to it moves on the top of the suction head 121; the push rod 133 is driven to move by the rack 132, and if the push rod 133 pushes the knife 131 to move backward, it will be retracted on the top of the large knife 130, so that when processing, the large knife 130 can first contact the crankcase surface, ready to cut off the larger block;

[0062] In addition, the multi-stage gear 134 also drives the shaft 135 to rotate, and the shaft 135 further drives the baffle 122 to rotate inside the suction head 121, so that the two baffles 122 expand and rotate outward, thereby adjusting the suction opening of the suction head 121, so that larger debris can enter the interior of the suction head 121 more smoothly;

[0063] When the broadsword 130 touches the crankcase for processing, the bottom plate 123 will be squeezed according to the thickness of the cutting of the broadsword 130; at this time, the bottom plate 123 will shrink into the inside of the support plate 120, and stretch the clockwork spring 125 during the shrinking process; and when the broadsword 130 completes the cutting and retracts, the bottom plate 123 loses the squeezing force, and the clockwork spring 125 will rebound quickly; the rebound of the clockwork spring 125 will push the bottom plate 123 out of the inside of the support plate 120 to reset it, and at the same time, drive the rotating rod 126 to rotate inside the suction head 121 during the rebound process; the rotation of the rotating rod 126 causes the multiple blades 127 to rotate accordingly, and the debris entering the suction head 121 is crushed, which effectively avoids the blockage of larger debris inside the suction tube 14 when the broadsword 130 is cutting, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the entire processing process. Example 3

[0064] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the process of machining the crankcase in the present application, since the crankcase usually has a complex shape and internal structure, the sizes and machining requirements of different parts may vary greatly; some areas may require fine machining to ensure surface quality and dimensional accuracy, so smaller tools are usually used for cutting; and the cutting force of a smaller tool is relatively small, and the material is more likely to be removed in the form of smaller fragments, forming smaller debris;

[0065] When fine processing is required to ensure surface quality and dimensional accuracy, the motor output shaft drives the smallest gear in one of the multi-stage gears 134 to rotate; as this gear rotates, the rack 132 connected to it moves on the top of the suction head 121; the push rod 133 is driven to move by the rack 132. If the push rod 133 pushes the knife 131 forward, the length of the knife 131 exceeds the large knife 130, so that when processing, the knife 131 can first contact the crankcase surface, providing a guarantee for fine processing;

[0066] In addition, the multi-stage gear 134 also drives the shaft 135 to rotate, and the shaft 135 in turn drives the baffle 122 to rotate inside the suction head 121; at this time, the two baffles 122 shrink and rotate inward, which on the one hand can improve the adsorption and aggregation ability of the suction head 121, effectively preventing smaller debris from floating around with the flow of air, and significantly enhancing the adsorption force; on the other hand, while shrinking, it can also gather the debris that has not been completely adsorbed inside the suction head 121, so that the debris is close to the suction port of the straw 14, thereby greatly improving the dust removal efficiency and creating a cleaner working environment for fine processing.

[0067] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine tool for multi-surface machining of a refrigeration compressor crankcase, comprising a machining machine tool, characterized in that: A machine base (1) is provided inside the processing machine tool, and rails are provided around the machine base (1). A mechanical arm (11) is fixedly connected to the top of a sliding member of the rail, and a dust collection assembly (12) is fixedly connected to the end of the mechanical arm (11); The top of the dust suction component (12) is movably connected to a cutting component (13); the end of the dust suction component (12) is fixedly connected to a suction pipe (14); the suction pipe (14) is movably connected inside the mechanical arm (11); the end of the suction pipe (14) passing through the mechanical arm (11) is fixedly connected to an industrial vacuum cleaner; and the industrial vacuum cleaner is installed inside the machine base (1); The cutting assembly (13) is used to perform cutting processing on the crankcase surface, and the dust collecting assembly (12) is used to absorb and collect the debris during cutting, and to crush the debris entering the suction pipe (14). The cutting assembly (13) can adaptively adjust the cutting size and correspondingly adjust the suction port size of the dust collecting assembly (12), and the sharpness of the cutting assembly (13) is improved during the telescopic adjustment process; The dust suction assembly (12) comprises a support plate (120), the support plate (120) being fixedly connected to the end of the mechanical arm (11), a suction head (121) being fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (120), one end of the suction head (121) being fixedly connected to a suction pipe (14), the other end of the suction head (121) being fixedly connected to a cutting assembly (13) near the top, baffles (122) being movably connected to both sides of the suction head (121), and a bottom plate (123) being movably connected inside the support plate (120); A support rod (124) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate (123) near the end, a rotating rod (126) is movably connected to the inside of the suction head (121) near the end, the rotating rod (126) passes through the suction head (121) and is located inside the support plate (120), and a spring spring (125) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod (124), and a plurality of blades (127) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (126) located inside the suction head (121); The end of the bottom plate (123) that passes through the support plate (120) is in an arc shape, and the bottom plate (123) is made of rubber; The cutting assembly (13) comprises a large knife (130), wherein the large knife (130) is fixedly connected to the end of the suction head (121) near the top, the top of the large knife (130) is movably connected to a small knife (131), both ends of the small knife (131) are fixedly connected to buckles (1310), the buckles (1310) are movably connected inside the large knife (130), the end of the small knife (131) is fixedly connected to a rack (132), the rack (132) is movably connected to the top of the suction head (121), the top of the rack (132) is fixedly connected to a push rod (133), the end of the push rod (133) is fixedly connected to a slide rod (1330), and the slide rod (1330) is movably connected inside the support plate (120); The outer walls on both sides of the rack (132) are movably connected to a multi-stage gear (134); the rotating shaft at the bottom of the multi-stage gear (134) is movably connected to the top of the suction head (121); the outer wall of the smallest gear in the multi-stage gear (134) moves in coordination with the rack (132); the bottom of the largest gear in the multi-stage gear (134) is fixedly connected to a shaft (135); the shaft (135) passes through the suction head (121) and is fixedly connected to the inside of the baffle (122); The multi-stage gear (134) comprises four gears that increase in size from small to large, a rack (132) is meshedly connected between the outer walls of the two smallest gears in the multi-stage gear (134), the largest gear of the multi-stage gear (134) is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft (135), and the multiple gears of the multi-stage gear (134) are directly meshed and rotated with each other.

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