A method and system for verifying hydraulic jump of water storage cavern based on one-dimensional hydrodynamic model

Abstract

The present invention provides a water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification method and system based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model, which relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method includes: determining the design parameters of the water storage cavern; determining the time parameters of the water storage cavern under the water storage and drainage operation conditions; constructing a non-steady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern based on the one-dimensional water flow motion control equation according to the design parameters and time parameters of the water storage cavern; calculating the actual along-line water surface line and along-line cross-section Froude number for the water storage and drainage operation conditions through the non-steady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern; determining the unfavorable cavern section of the water storage cavern with a water jump risk; adjusting the design parameters of the water storage cavern according to the law of water jump occurrence according to the distribution of the along-line cross-section Froude number at the unfavorable cavern section, combining the virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding cavern section and the actual along-line water surface line. The present invention can shorten the optimization cycle, reduce the influence of the hydraulic jump on the cavern structure, and improve the safety of the water conservancy project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular to a method and system for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Background Art

[0002] Water storage caverns are underground water conservancy projects with functions such as water resource regulation, flood control and drainage. The main body of the caverns is often composed of tunnel groups, which have complex intersection nodes, many slope changes, large fluctuations in water level and flow rate, and other characteristics that are different from conventional water transfer tunnels. During operation, water jumps may occur along the tunnel, resulting in large fluctuations in the water surface in the tunnel, complex ventilation and exhaust measures, and prone to accidental gas explosions. Therefore, in order to simplify the project structure, reduce project investment, and ensure project safety, water jumps should be avoided along the tunnel.

[0003] The main caverns of the cavern are crisscrossed, the water flow scheduling and control are complex, the water level and flow in the cavern vary greatly, and the conventional open channel constant flow hydraulic calculation method is difficult to accurately reflect the evolution of the water flow in the cavern. Therefore, physical model tests and mathematical model tests can be used to verify the hydraulic jump of the main operating conditions of the cavern.

[0004] Physical model tests have good simulation accuracy, but the test cycle is long and the cost is high; two-dimensional and three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model simulations are difficult and labor-intensive, with low computational efficiency, and are difficult to meet the needs of rapid analysis and optimization of engineering design parameters. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems that the current physical model test has good simulation accuracy, but the test cycle is long and the cost is high; the two-dimensional and three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model simulation calculation is difficult and labor-intensive, the calculation efficiency is low, and it is difficult to meet the rapid analysis and optimization adjustment of engineering design parameters, the present invention provides a water jump verification method and system for a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] First aspect:

[0008] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model, comprising:

[0009] S1: Determine the design parameters of the water storage cavern;

[0010] S2: Determine the time parameters of the water storage cavern under the water storage and drainage operation conditions;

[0011] S3: constructing a non-steady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern according to the water storage cavern design parameters and the time parameters and based on a one-dimensional water flow motion control equation;

[0012] S4: Calculate the actual water surface line and Froude number along the section according to the water storage and drainage operation conditions through the unsteady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern;

[0013] S5: Determine the unfavorable tunnel sections of the water storage cavern with hydraulic jump risks;

[0014] S6: According to the Froude number distribution along the section at the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the section, the design parameters of the water storage cavern are adjusted according to the law of hydraulic jump occurrence.

[0015] Second aspect:

[0016] An embodiment of the present invention provides a water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification system based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model, comprising:

[0017] processor;

[0018] A memory having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model as described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0019] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0020] In the present invention, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation model with simple modeling and high accuracy is used to approximate the evolution process of water flow in the tunnel, which can shorten the optimization cycle, reduce the calculation difficulty and workload, and improve the calculation efficiency. According to the distribution of Froude numbers along the section at the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged water jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the section, the design parameters of the water storage cavern are adjusted according to the law of water jump occurrence, so as to achieve the purpose of no water jump or no water jump with a large impact along the tunnel, realize rapid analysis and optimization adjustment of engineering design parameters, reduce the impact of water jump on the cavern structure, and improve the safety of water conservancy projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for verifying hydraulic jumps in a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the plan layout of a water storage cavern provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic longitudinal section diagram of a water storage cavern provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a water jump verification system for a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Reference Manual Attached Figure 1 , showing a flow chart of a method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for verifying the hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The method can be implemented by a device for verifying the hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The device for verifying the hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model can be a terminal or a server. The processing flow of the method for verifying the hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model can include the following steps:

[0031] S1: Determine the design parameters of the water storage cavern.

[0032] Reference Manual Attached Figure 2 , showing a schematic diagram of the plan layout of a water storage cavern provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Manual Attached Figure 3 , showing a schematic longitudinal section diagram of a water storage cavern provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Optionally, the water storage cavern design parameters include: plane design parameters, cross-section design parameters, longitudinal section design parameters, cavern roughness parameters, water storage operation rules and drainage operation rules.

[0035] Among them, the plane design parameters involve the plane layout, direction and geometry of the cavern. These parameters usually depend on the topography of the cavern, geological conditions and the requirements of the water flow path design. Plane design is the basis of the entire cavern layout and directly affects the water flow path, pressure distribution and energy loss. Plane design parameters mainly include the length, width, direction, curvature, entrance position, exit position, etc. of the cavern.

[0036] Among them, the cross-sectional design parameters involve the geometric shape of the cavern in the vertical direction of the water flow, which affects the water flow area, flow velocity distribution, etc. The cross-sectional design is crucial to maintain the stability of the water flow, prevent water jumps and other hydraulic phenomena. The cross-sectional design parameters mainly include cross-sectional shape, cross-sectional size, water flow area, etc.

[0037] Among them, the longitudinal section design parameters involve elevation changes and slope design along the water flow direction. These parameters affect the acceleration and deceleration process of the water flow and are directly related to whether a hydraulic jump will occur and the specific location where it occurs. The longitudinal section design parameters mainly include the longitudinal slope of the tunnel, elevation changes, and water flow drop.

[0038] Among them, the tunnel roughness parameter refers to the roughness of the tunnel wall, which has a direct impact on water flow resistance, flow velocity and energy loss.

[0039] Among them, the water storage operation rules mainly involve the control and operation strategies of the cavern during the water storage process.

[0040] Among them, the drainage operation rules mainly involve the operation and control strategies of the cavern during the drainage process.

[0041] S2: Determine the time parameters of the water storage cavern under water storage and drainage operation conditions.

[0042] Optionally, the time parameters include: the start and end time of the water storage period, the start and end time of the drainage period, and the calculation time step.

[0043] S3: According to the design parameters and time parameters of the water storage cavern, based on the one-dimensional water flow motion control equation, a non-steady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern is constructed.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the one-dimensional water flow motion control equation specifically includes:

[0045] Continuity equation:

[0046]

[0047] in, Z Indicates the cross-sectional water level. t Indicates time, represents the partial derivative operator, v Indicates flow rate, xrepresents the position coordinates (longitudinal distance along the direction of water flow), A Indicates the water area. B Indicates the section width, Z d Indicates the bottom elevation of the section.

[0048] Equations of motion:

[0049]

[0050] in, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, J Indicates the friction ratio.

[0051] The friction ratio is specifically:

[0052]

[0053] in, n c represents the roughness coefficient, Q Indicates the cross-sectional flow rate, R Represents the hydraulic radius.

[0054] In the present invention, the one-dimensional water flow motion control equation is much simpler than the two-dimensional or three-dimensional model, which reduces the computational complexity and can achieve sufficient accuracy in most engineering applications. The one-dimensional model only needs to perform calculations along the direction of the water flow, ignoring the detailed changes in the lateral and vertical directions, which can greatly improve the computational efficiency and is particularly suitable for long-distance water flow simulation. The one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation model with simple modeling and high accuracy is used to approximate the evolution process of water flow in the cave, which can shorten the optimization cycle, reduce the computational difficulty and workload, and improve the computational efficiency.

[0055] S4: Through the unsteady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern, the actual water surface line and Froude number along the section are calculated for the water storage and drainage operation conditions.

[0056] It should be noted that, according to the cavern design parameters and boundary conditions, solving the above one-dimensional hydrodynamic equations can obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the hydraulic characteristic values ​​of the unfavorable cavern section (water level, flow velocity, flow, Froude number, etc.). The specific method of solving the one-dimensional hydrodynamic equations is usually to discretize the equations using numerical methods such as the finite difference method or the finite volume method. The water flow control equations are divided into discrete grid points in time and space, and then the water level, flow velocity and Froude number at these points are calculated.

[0057] Specifically, the Froude number is an important dimensionless number in hydraulics, which is used to describe the relative relationship between the kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy of water flow. It plays an important role in judging the flow state of water flow and phenomena such as hydraulic jumps, rapids, and slow flows. The specific Froude number is:

[0058]

[0059] in, F r represents the Froude number, v Indicates flow rate, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, h Indicates water depth.

[0060] S5: Identify unfavorable tunnel sections of the water storage cavern where there is a risk of hydraulic jump.

[0061] In a possible implementation, S5 specifically includes: determining the tunnel sections within 20 m upstream and downstream of the location where the longitudinal slope changes in the water storage cavern and the tunnel sections within 20 m adjacent to the cavern intersection as unfavorable tunnel sections with hydraulic jump risks.

[0062] In the present invention, in a water storage cavern, hydraulic jump risks are often concentrated in areas where water flow conditions change significantly, such as longitudinal slope changes and cavern intersections. By setting the cavern sections near these areas (20 meters upstream and downstream) as unfavorable cavern sections with hydraulic jump risks, the hydraulic jump phenomenon can be more accurately identified and controlled, thereby improving the safety of cavern design and operation.

[0063] Furthermore, unfavorable tunnel sections are selected for hydraulic jump verification based on tunnel sections within a fixed length range (such as 20 meters), but the actual location of the hydraulic jump may be more complicated, especially in places where the cross-sectional geometry changes or the longitudinal slope suddenly changes. In order to improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of unfavorable tunnel section identification, the present invention proposes a new unfavorable tunnel section identification method.

[0064] In a possible implementation, S5 specifically includes sub-steps S501 to S503:

[0065] S501: Determine the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line and the location-based risk value at each location:

[0066]

[0067] in, G Fr represents the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, F r represents the Froude number, x represents the position coordinates, and d represents the differential operator.

[0068]

[0069] in, G Z represents the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line, Z1 indicates the actual water surface line along the route.

[0070] When the tunnel section is within 20m upstream and downstream of the longitudinal slope change position or within 20m of the adjacent cave intersection position, the location basic risk value When the tunnel section is not within the 20m range upstream and downstream of the longitudinal slope change position and within the 20m range adjacent to the cave intersection position, the location basic risk value is .

[0071] It should be noted that the Froude number is one of the main indicators for judging the occurrence of a hydraulic jump, because the essence of a hydraulic jump is the sudden change of the water flow state from a torrent to a slow flow. Therefore, looking at the Froude number alone can effectively judge the risk of a hydraulic jump, but it is impossible to accurately determine the specific location of the hydraulic jump. The Froude number only reflects the state of the water flow, but the occurrence of a hydraulic jump is accompanied by a drastic change in space. The spatial variation gradient of the Froude number can capture the area where the water flow state suddenly changes, especially in the transition area where the flow state suddenly changes from a torrent to a slow flow. The gradient can provide a more accurate location of the hydraulic jump. Therefore, by calculating the gradient, the area where a hydraulic jump may occur can be identified.

[0072] Furthermore, hydraulic jumps are usually accompanied by a sudden rise in the water surface line, and the spatial gradient of the water surface line can reflect the change of the water level along the way. By monitoring the change of the water surface line, the hydraulic jump risk area can be further verified.

[0073] Furthermore, the basic risk value is assigned according to the specific design location of the cavern (such as the location where the longitudinal slope changes and the intersection of the caverns). When these locations are determined to be high-risk areas, the basic risk value is 1, and when they are not high-risk areas, the basic risk value is 0. This prior information on the location can help focus on certain specific areas where hydraulic jumps may occur, thereby improving the pertinence of risk assessment.

[0074] S502: Determine the water jump risk value at each location according to the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line and the location basic risk value at each location:

[0075]

[0076] in, R represents the water jump risk value, G Fr represents the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, G Z represents the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line, r represents the position-based risk value, l 1 represents the weight coefficient of the spatial gradient of the Froude number, l 2 represents the weight coefficient of the spatial gradient of the water surface line, l3 represents the weight coefficient of the position-based risk value.

[0077] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the weight coefficient of the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number according to actual conditions. l 1. Weight coefficient of spatial gradient of water surface line l 2 and the weight coefficient of the position-based risk value l The size of 3 is not limited in the present invention.

[0078] In the present invention, the occurrence of hydraulic jump is usually the result of multiple factors, and a single factor cannot fully reflect the complexity of water flow state. By comprehensively considering the change of Froude number, the change of water surface line and the position risk, the water flow state can be analyzed from different angles to ensure a comprehensive assessment of hydraulic jump risk.

[0079] S503: Determine the tunnel section with a hydraulic jump risk value greater than a preset risk value as an unfavorable tunnel section with hydraulic jump risk.

[0080] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the size of the preset risk value according to actual conditions, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0081] In the present invention, the change of Froude number, the sudden change of water surface line and the basic risk of cavern location are comprehensively considered to generate a quantitative hydraulic jump risk value. By comparing the hydraulic jump risk value with the preset risk threshold, engineers can identify hydraulic jump risks earlier and make decisions based on the risk level. Overall, this method not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of risk assessment, but also provides a reliable basis for optimizing cavern design and operation, ultimately enhancing the safety and stability of water conservancy projects.

[0082] S6: According to the distribution of Froude numbers along the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the tunnel, the design parameters of the water storage cavern are adjusted according to the law of hydraulic jump occurrence.

[0083] Optionally, the virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line is specifically:

[0084]

[0085] in, Z 3 represents the auxiliary water surface line of the virtual submerged hydraulic jump, s represents the flooding coefficient, Z 2 represents the conjugate water depth.

[0086] Among them, the flooding coefficient is generally in the range of 1.05 to 1.1.

[0087] In a possible implementation, S6 specifically includes:

[0088] S601: According to the Froude number distribution along the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the tunnel section, determine whether the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted.

[0089] Optionally, S601 specifically includes:

[0090] When the upstream section meets When the water surface in the tunnel is wavy, a wave water jump occurs. Combined with the virtual submerged water jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the way, when When a flooding water jump occurs, there is no need to adjust the design parameters of the water storage cavern. When the water level in the cave is high, the flow pattern in the cave is not good, and when the water level in the cave is high, it is easy to cause gas explosion, so the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted.

[0091] When the upstream section meets When the flow is strong, there are vortices on the surface of the water in the cave, weak water jump occurs, and the flow state in the cave is not good. It is necessary to adjust the design parameters of the water storage cavern.

[0092] When the upstream section meets When the water flow in the cave is large, the waves spread downstream, causing great scouring effects and unstable water jumps, and the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted.

[0093] When the upstream section meets When the flow rate is high, a stable water jump occurs in the cave, and the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted.

[0094] When the upstream section meets When the water level rises sharply, a strong water jump occurs in the cave, and the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted.

[0095] in, F r represents the Froude number, Z 1 represents the actual water surface line along the way, Z 3 represents the auxiliary water surface line of the virtual submerged hydraulic jump.

[0096] In the present invention, by comprehensively judging the Froude number distribution, water surface line difference, virtual submerged water jump auxiliary water surface line, and grading the water jump intensity, not only the accuracy of water jump risk assessment is improved, but also targeted design optimization can be carried out to prevent adverse phenomena such as gas explosions.

[0097] S602: With the goal of reducing the frequency and intensity of hydraulic jumps and flow instability, the firefly-assisted genetic optimization algorithm is used to automatically adjust the design parameters of the water storage cavern.

[0098] Among them, the firefly-assisted genetic optimization algorithm combines the genetic algorithm with the firefly optimization algorithm to make up for the problem that the genetic algorithm has poor local search ability and is prone to falling into local optimal solutions through the firefly optimization algorithm.

[0099] The frequency of hydraulic jump refers to the number of times hydraulic jump occurs in different areas during the operation of the tunnel. F r >1) into a slow flow state ( F r <1), hydraulic jump may occur. In order to simplify the calculation, the number of occurrences from rapid flow to slow flow can be used as the number of hydraulic jump occurrences. The specific frequency of hydraulic jump is:

[0100]

[0101] in, F represents the frequency of hydraulic jump, c represents the number of hydraulic jumps, T w Represents the total observation time.

[0102] Furthermore, the hydraulic jump intensity reflects the severity of the rapid change in water flow when the hydraulic jump occurs. The greater the hydraulic jump intensity, the greater the energy loss, the more obvious the flow pattern change, and the greater the structural stress. Furthermore, in the hydraulic jump area, the greater the difference in Froude number before and after the hydraulic jump, the greater the hydraulic jump intensity. Therefore, the hydraulic jump intensity can be characterized by the difference in Froude number, and the specific hydraulic jump intensity is:

[0103]

[0104] in, S represents the hydraulic jump intensity, F r ( upstream ) represents the Froude number in the rapid flow region upstream of the water jump, F r ( downstream ) represents the Froude number in the slow flow region downstream of the water jump.

[0105] Furthermore, flow instability refers to the fluctuation, turbulence or instability of the water flow inside the cavern, which may affect the safety and operation efficiency of the cavern. The instability of water flow is usually accompanied by a drastic change or fluctuation in flow velocity. The standard deviation of the flow velocity can be calculated as the flow instability. The flow instability is specifically:

[0106]

[0107] in, U Indicates flow instability. vk Indicates k The flow velocity at each time step, Indicates the average flow rate.

[0108] Construct the fitness function of the firefly-assisted genetic optimization algorithm:

[0109]

[0110] in, f represents the fitness function, i represents the set of design parameters of the water storage cavern, m 1 represents the weight coefficient of the frequency of hydraulic jump, m 2 represents the weight coefficient of hydraulic jump intensity, m 3 represents the weight coefficient of flow instability.

[0111] Among them, those skilled in the art can set the weight coefficient of the frequency of hydraulic jump according to actual conditions. m 1. Weight coefficient of hydraulic jump intensity m 2 and the weight coefficient of flow instability m The size of 3 is not limited in the present invention.

[0112] In order to reduce the frequency and intensity of water jump and flow instability, the frequency and intensity of water jump and flow instability should be as small as possible. However, for the fitness of the optimization algorithm, the larger the fitness value, the better. Therefore, the inverse of the frequency and intensity of water jump and flow instability is taken to construct the fitness function.

[0113] The specific implementation method of the firefly-assisted genetic optimization algorithm is as follows:

[0114] Initialize the population, which contains multiple individuals, each of which represents a feasible set of cavern water storage design parameters. Each individual is composed of multiple dimensional components, and each component represents a cavern water storage design parameter.

[0115] An elite selection strategy is adopted to remove the 20% of individuals with the lowest fitness values ​​to form the first population.

[0116] It should be noted that the elite selection strategy can effectively improve the convergence speed of the algorithm and reduce the interference of inferior solutions on the population evolution process. By eliminating individuals with low fitness, the average fitness of the entire population can be improved, and the optimization direction is clearer.

[0117] Perform a crossover operation on the individuals in the first population to form a second population:

[0118]

[0119] in,Y 1. Y 2 represents a new individual, X 1 represents the first parent, X 2 represents the second parent, rand Represents a random number between 0 and 1.

[0120] It should be noted that the crossover operation generates new individuals (i.e., design schemes) by recombining the design parameters of different individuals, which helps to introduce new gene combinations, thereby increasing the diversity of the population and preventing the algorithm from converging to the local optimal solution too early.

[0121] Perform mutation operations on individuals in the second population to form a third population:

[0122]

[0123] in, Y 3 represents a new individual, X 3 represents the parent body, X max represents the individual with the largest fitness value, X min represents the individual with the smallest fitness value, rand Represents a random number between 0 and 1.

[0124] It should be noted that the mutation operation introduces a small amount of randomness, which causes the individual to deviate from the existing optimal solution within a specific range. This can effectively prevent the algorithm from falling into a local optimum.

[0125] The positions of individuals in the third population are updated according to the firefly optimization algorithm to form the fourth population:

[0126]

[0127] in, Indicates i Firefly individuals in t The position at +1 iteration, oh t Indicated in t The adaptive inertia weight coefficient at the iteration, Indicates i Firefly individuals in t The position at the iteration, Indicates j Firefly individuals in t The position at the iteration, β Indicates attraction, α represents the step size factor, r Represents a random number in the range of 0 to 1. Levy Represents the random step length of Levy flight.

[0128] Optionally, the adaptive inertia weight coefficient is specifically:

[0129]

[0130] in, T Indicates the maximum number of iterations.

[0131] It should be noted that as the number of iterations increases, the inertia weight will gradually decrease, prompting the algorithm to conduct large-scale exploration in the early stage and gradually shift to refined local search in the later stage.

[0132] Optionally, the attraction is specifically:

[0133]

[0134] in, β 0 represents the attraction between two fireflies when the distance between them is 0, and exp represents the natural constant e is the exponential function of the base, c represents the light intensity attraction coefficient, r ij Indicates i Firefly individuals and j The Euclidean distance between individual fireflies.

[0135] It should be noted that by reasonably controlling the mutual attraction between individuals, the algorithm can flexibly switch between global exploration and local search, avoid premature convergence, and maintain population diversity.

[0136] Optionally, the Levy flight random step size is specified as:

[0137]

[0138] in, u Show obedience The normal distribution of w Show obedience The normal distribution of l Represents the exponential parameter.

[0139]

[0140] in, t is the standard Gamma function.

[0141] It should be noted that the introduction of Levy flight step allows individuals to explore unknown areas with random steps, further improving the global exploration ability and avoiding falling into local optimality.

[0142] The third and fourth populations are merged to form the fifth population.

[0143] It should be noted that by merging the third population (after mutation) with the fourth population (after Firefly optimization), the results of different optimization methods can be brought together to further improve the diversity of the population. This approach can retain the new solutions after mutation, while also introducing high-quality solutions optimized by the Firefly algorithm, thus forming a more powerful fifth population.

[0144] Determine whether the current number of iterations has reached the maximum number of iterations. If so, output the firefly individual representative with the highest fitness in the fifth population. Otherwise, return to continue iterating.

[0145] In the present invention, by combining the global search capability of the genetic algorithm and the local optimization capability of the firefly algorithm, a comprehensive optimization of the design parameters of the water storage cavern is achieved.

[0146] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0147] In the present invention, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation model with simple modeling and high accuracy is used to approximate the evolution process of water flow in the tunnel, which can shorten the optimization cycle, reduce the calculation difficulty and workload, and improve the calculation efficiency. According to the distribution of Froude numbers along the section at the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged water jump auxiliary water surface line and the actual water surface line along the corresponding tunnel section, the design parameters of the water storage cavern are adjusted according to the law of water jump occurrence, so as to achieve the purpose of no water jump or no water jump with a large impact along the tunnel, realize rapid analysis and optimization adjustment of engineering design parameters, reduce the impact of water jump on the cavern structure, and improve the safety of water conservancy projects.

[0148] Reference Manual Attached Figure 4 , showing a structural schematic diagram of a water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification system based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model provided by the present invention.

[0149] The present invention also provides a water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification system 20 based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model, comprising:

[0150] Processor 201;

[0151] The memory 202 stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor 201, the water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification method based on the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model as described in the method embodiment is implemented.

[0152] The water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification system 20 based on the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model provided by the present invention can execute the above-mentioned water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification method based on the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model and achieve the same or similar technical effects. To avoid repetition, the present invention will not go into details.

[0153] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0154] In the present invention, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation model with simple modeling and high accuracy is used to approximate the evolution process of water flow in the tunnel, which can shorten the optimization cycle, reduce the calculation difficulty and workload, and improve the calculation efficiency. According to the distribution of Froude numbers along the section at the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged water jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the section, the design parameters of the water storage cavern are adjusted according to the law of water jump occurrence, so as to achieve the purpose of no water jump or no water jump with a large impact along the tunnel, realize rapid analysis and optimization adjustment of engineering design parameters, reduce the impact of water jump on the cavern structure, and improve the safety of water conservancy projects.

[0155] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0156] There are a few points to note:

[0157] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments of the present invention. Other structures may refer to conventional designs.

[0158] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the film or region is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a film, a region or a substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0159] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0160] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model, characterized in that: include: S1: Determine the design parameters of the water storage cavern; S2: Determine the time parameters of the water storage cavern under the water storage and drainage operation conditions; S3: constructing a non-steady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern according to the water storage cavern design parameters and the time parameters and based on a one-dimensional water flow motion control equation; S4: Calculate the actual water surface line and Froude number along the section according to the water storage and drainage operation conditions through the unsteady flow hydrodynamic model of the water storage cavern; S5: Determine the unfavorable tunnel sections of the water storage cavern with hydraulic jump risks; S6: According to the Froude number distribution of the section along the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the tunnel section, the design parameters of the water storage cavern are adjusted according to the law of hydraulic jump occurrence; The S5 specifically includes: S501: Determine the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line and the location-based risk value at each location: in, G Fr represents the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, F r represents the Froude number, x represents the position coordinates, d represents the differential operator; in, G Z represents the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line, Z 1 represents the actual water surface line along the route; When the tunnel section is within 20m upstream and downstream of the longitudinal slope change position or within 20m of the adjacent cave intersection position, the location basic risk value When the tunnel section is not within the 20m range upstream and downstream of the longitudinal slope change position and within the 20m range adjacent to the cave intersection position, the location basic risk value is ; S502: Determine the water jump risk value at each location according to the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line and the location basic risk value at each location: in, R represents the water jump risk value, G Fr represents the spatial variation gradient of the Froude number, G Z represents the spatial variation gradient of the water surface line, r represents the position-based risk value, λ 1 represents the weight coefficient of the spatial gradient of the Froude number, λ 2 represents the weight coefficient of the spatial gradient of the water surface line, λ 3 represents the weight coefficient of the position-based risk value; S503: Determine the tunnel section with a hydraulic jump risk value greater than a preset risk value as an unfavorable tunnel section with hydraulic jump risk.

2. The method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water storage cavern design parameters include: plane design parameters, cross-section design parameters, longitudinal section design parameters, cavern roughness parameters, water storage operation rules and drainage operation rules.

3. The method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The time parameters include: the start and end time of the water storage period, the start and end time of the drainage period, and the calculation time step.

4. The method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The one-dimensional water flow motion control equation specifically includes: a continuity equation and a motion equation.

5. The method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line is specifically: in, Z 3 represents the auxiliary water surface line of the virtual submerged hydraulic jump, σ represents the flooding coefficient, Z 2 represents the conjugate water depth.

6. The method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: S601: judging whether it is necessary to adjust the design parameters of the water storage cavern according to the Froude number distribution of the section along the unfavorable tunnel section, combined with the virtual submerged hydraulic jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the tunnel section; S602: With the goal of reducing the frequency and intensity of hydraulic jumps and flow instability, the firefly-assisted genetic optimization algorithm is used to automatically adjust the design parameters of the water storage cavern.

7. The method for verifying hydraulic jump of a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The S601 specifically includes: When the upstream section meets When the water surface in the tunnel is wavy, a wave water jump occurs; combined with the virtual submerged water jump auxiliary water surface line of the corresponding tunnel section and the actual water surface line along the way, when When a flooding water jump occurs, there is no need to adjust the design parameters of the water storage cavern. When the water level in the cave is high, the flow pattern in the cave is not good, and when the water level in the cave is high, it is easy to cause gas explosion, so the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted; When the upstream section meets When the flow is slow, there are vortices on the surface of the water flow in the cave, weak water jump occurs, and the flow state in the cave is not good, so the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted; When the upstream section meets When the water flow in the cave is large, it spreads downstream, has a large impact on scouring, and causes unstable water jumps, which requires adjustments to the design parameters of the water storage cavern. When the upstream section meets When the water level rises, a stable hydraulic jump occurs in the cave, and the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted; When the upstream section meets When a strong water jump occurs in the cave, the design parameters of the water storage cavern need to be adjusted; in, F r represents the Froude number, Z 1 represents the actual water surface line along the way, Z 3 represents the auxiliary water surface line of the virtual submerged hydraulic jump.

8. A water storage cavern hydraulic jump verification system based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model, characterized in that: include: processor; A memory having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the hydraulic jump verification method for a water storage cavern based on a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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