Ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle air conditioning, and specifically discloses an ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system and a vehicle. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a battery heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, an off-board heat exchanger, a heat pipe, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, a fourth expansion valve, a first heater, and a second heater. The first heater is used to heat the refrigerant in the off-board heat exchanger, and the second heater is used to heat the refrigerant in the heat pipe. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system eliminates the high-pressure water heating PTC heater and has multiple heating modes, including a water source heat pump heating mode, a heat pipe heating mode, an off-board heat exchanger heating mode, and a hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode. It can meet the heating needs of the passenger compartment under ultra-low temperature conditions, reducing the cost of the entire vehicle and the system energy consumption. In addition, the system has a variety of heating modes, which can meet the various heating needs of users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle air conditioning, and in particular to an ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the operating low temperature limit of the heat pump air-conditioning system of mainstream new energy vehicles on the market is generally around -10℃. When the ambient temperature is lower than -10℃, the suction density of the compressor decreases, and the heating capacity of the heat pump air-conditioning system decreases sharply, which cannot meet the heating needs of the passenger compartment. Therefore, new energy vehicles currently generally use high-pressure water-heating PTC heaters for auxiliary heating under ultra-low temperature conditions, but their energy efficiency is low, resulting in a significant increase in energy consumption, which seriously affects the cruising range of new energy vehicles.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to propose an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system and a vehicle to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system, which eliminates the high-pressure water-heating PTC heater while still meeting the heating needs of the passenger compartment under ultra-low temperature conditions, reducing the cost of the entire vehicle and the energy consumption of the system, and has a variety of heating modes to meet the user's various heating needs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system is used for a vehicle, wherein the vehicle includes a coolant circuit, and the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system includes:

[0007] a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a battery heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, an off-board heat exchanger, a heat pipe, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, a fourth expansion valve, a first heater and a second heater, wherein the first heater is used to heat the refrigerant in the off-board heat exchanger, and the second heater is used to heat the refrigerant in the heat pipe;

[0008] The outlet of the compressor is communicated with one end of the third solenoid valve, the other end of the third solenoid valve is communicated with the inlet of the condenser, the outlet of the condenser is communicated with one end of the first expansion valve, one end of the first expansion valve is also communicated with one end of the second expansion valve and one end of the fourth expansion valve, the other end of the second expansion valve is communicated with the inlet of the evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator is communicated with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, the other end of the fourth expansion valve is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the battery heat exchanger, the refrigerant outlet of the battery heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the inlet of the compressor, and the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant circuit;

[0009] The outlet of the compressor is also connected to one end of the third expansion valve, and the other end of the third expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator;

[0010] The other end of the first expansion valve is communicated with the first port of the external heat exchanger, the second port of the external heat exchanger is communicated with one end of the first solenoid valve and one end of the second solenoid valve respectively, the other end of the first solenoid valve is communicated with the outlet of the compressor, and the other end of the second solenoid valve is communicated with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator;

[0011] The other end of the first expansion valve is also connected to the first port of the heat pipe, the second port of the heat pipe is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the fourth solenoid valve is provided on the heat pipe for controlling the on and off of the heat pipe.

[0012] Optionally, in the water source heat pump heating mode, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve and the third expansion valve are all closed, and the third solenoid valve and the fourth expansion valve are both opened; the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows through the third solenoid valve, the condenser, the fourth expansion valve, the battery heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator in sequence and then returns to the compressor.

[0013] Optionally, in the heat pipe heating mode, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the second expansion valve, the third expansion valve and the fourth expansion valve are all closed, and the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve and the first expansion valve are all opened; the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows through the third solenoid valve, the condenser, the first expansion valve, the heat pipe, the fourth solenoid valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence and then returns to the compressor.

[0014] Optionally, in the heating mode of the external heat exchanger, the first solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the second expansion valve, the third expansion valve and the fourth expansion valve are all closed, and the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve and the first expansion valve are all opened; the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows through the third solenoid valve, the condenser, the first expansion valve, the external heat exchanger, the second solenoid valve, the gas-liquid separator in sequence and then returns to the compressor.

[0015] Optionally, in the hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve are all closed, and the third solenoid valve, the third expansion valve and the fourth expansion valve are all opened; the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is divided into two branches, one branch flows through the third solenoid valve, the condenser, the fourth expansion valve, the battery heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator in sequence and then returns to the compressor; the other branch flows through the third expansion valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence and then returns to the compressor.

[0016] Optionally, the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system further includes a one-way valve, the outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve, and the outlet of the one-way valve is connected to one end of the first expansion valve.

[0017] Optionally, a first temperature and pressure sensor is provided at the outlet of the compressor, and a second temperature and pressure sensor is provided at the inlet of the compressor.

[0018] Optionally, a third temperature and pressure sensor is provided between the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve.

[0019] Optionally, the first heater is integrated with the off-vehicle heat exchanger; and / or the second heater is integrated with the heat pipe.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body, a coolant circuit and an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system as described in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the coolant circuit and the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system are both arranged on the vehicle body.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention provides an ultra-low-temperature heat pump air conditioning system, comprising a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a battery heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, an off-board heat exchanger, a heat pipe, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, a fourth expansion valve, a first heater, and a second heater. The first heater is used to heat the refrigerant in the off-board heat exchanger, and the second heater is used to heat the refrigerant in the heat pipe. By controlling the opening and closing of the first, second, third, fourth solenoid valves, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve, the third expansion valve, and the fourth expansion valve, the ultra-low-temperature heat pump air conditioning system can heat the refrigerant in at least one of the coolant circuit, the off-board heat exchanger, or the heat pipe, providing flexible and diverse heating modes to meet users' heating needs at different temperatures. Furthermore, the ultra-low-temperature heat pump air conditioning system eliminates the high-pressure water heating PTC system used in the prior art and instead uses the coolant circuit, the off-board heat exchanger, or the heat pipe to provide heat. This system can meet passenger compartment heating needs under ultra-low-temperature conditions while reducing costs and system energy consumption.

[0023] The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a coolant circuit, and the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system. Due to the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system, the vehicle has low vehicle cost, low energy consumption, and multiple heating modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in describing the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in a water source heat pump heating mode;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in a heat pipe heating mode;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in an external heat exchanger heating mode;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in a hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Compressor; 2. Condenser; 3. Evaporator; 4. Battery heat exchanger; 5. Gas-liquid separator; 6. External heat exchanger; 7. Heat pipe; 8. First solenoid valve; 9. Second solenoid valve; 10. Third solenoid valve; 11. Fourth solenoid valve; 12. First expansion valve; 13. Second expansion valve; 14. Third expansion valve; 15. Fourth expansion valve; 16. First heater; 17. Second heater; 18. One-way valve; 19. First temperature and pressure sensor; 20. Second temperature and pressure sensor; 21. Third temperature and pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0038] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] This embodiment provides an ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system, which eliminates the high-pressure water-heating PTC heater while still meeting the heating needs of the passenger compartment under ultra-low temperature conditions, reducing the overall vehicle cost and system energy consumption, and has a variety of heating modes to meet the user's various heating needs.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, a battery heat exchanger 4, a gas-liquid separator 5, an external heat exchanger 6, a heat pipe 7, a first solenoid valve 8, a second solenoid valve 9, a third solenoid valve 10, a fourth solenoid valve 11, a first expansion valve 12, a second expansion valve 13, a third expansion valve 14, a fourth expansion valve 15, a first heater 16, and a second heater 17. The first heater 16 is used to heat the refrigerant in the external heat exchanger 6, and the second heater 17 is used to heat the refrigerant in the heat pipe 7.

[0041] Specifically, the connection relationship between the various components in the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system is as follows:

[0042] The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to one end of the third solenoid valve 10, the other end of the third solenoid valve 10 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 2, the outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to one end of the first expansion valve 12, one end of the first expansion valve 12 is also connected to one end of the second expansion valve 13 and one end of the fourth expansion valve 15, the other end of the second expansion valve 13 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 3, the outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5, the other end of the fourth expansion valve 15 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the battery heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant outlet of the battery heat exchanger 4 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5, the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1, and the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant circuit of the vehicle.

[0043] The outlet of the compressor 1 is also communicated with one end of the third expansion valve 14 , and the other end of the third expansion valve 14 is communicated with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 .

[0044] The other end of the first expansion valve 12 is connected to the first port of the external heat exchanger 6, and the second port of the external heat exchanger 6 is respectively connected to one end of the first solenoid valve 8 and one end of the second solenoid valve 9, the other end of the first solenoid valve 8 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 1, and the other end of the second solenoid valve 9 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5.

[0045] The other end of the first expansion valve 12 is also connected to the first port of the heat pipe 7, and the second port of the heat pipe 7 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5. The fourth solenoid valve 11 is set on the heat pipe 7 to control the on and off of the heat pipe 7.

[0046] The ultra-low-temperature heat pump air conditioning system provided in this embodiment controls the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 9, the third solenoid valve 10, the fourth solenoid valve 11, the first expansion valve 12, the second expansion valve 13, the third expansion valve 14, and the fourth expansion valve 15, thereby enabling at least one of the coolant circuit, the off-board heat exchanger 6, or the heat pipe 7 to heat the refrigerant. This provides flexible and diverse heating modes, capable of meeting the user's heating needs at different temperatures. Furthermore, this ultra-low-temperature heat pump air conditioning system eliminates the high-pressure water heating PTC used in the prior art and instead uses the coolant circuit, the off-board heat exchanger 6, or the heat pipe 7 to provide heat. This system can both meet the heating needs of the passenger compartment under ultra-low temperature conditions and reduce costs and system energy consumption.

[0047] It is worth noting that the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system provided in this embodiment can switch between various modes, such as cooling mode, heating mode, dehumidification mode, and defrost mode, by controlling the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 9, the third solenoid valve 10, the fourth solenoid valve 11, the first expansion valve 12, the second expansion valve 13, the third expansion valve 14, and the fourth expansion valve 15. This embodiment mainly protects the heating mode, and therefore, other operating modes are not described in detail.

[0048] It is worth noting that this ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system is suitable for ultra-low temperature environments of -25°C.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the heating modes of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system are divided into: water source heat pump heating mode, heat pipe heating mode, external heat exchanger heating mode and hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode according to the difference in heat sources. The above four heating modes can be used for heating alone or in combination for heating. They can be set according to the ambient temperature and the heat demand of the passenger compartment.

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided in this embodiment when it is in the water source heat pump heating mode (the solid line in the figure represents the flow of refrigerant, and the dotted line represents the flow of no refrigerant). In the water source heat pump heating mode, the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 9, the fourth solenoid valve 11, the first expansion valve 12, the second expansion valve 13 and the third expansion valve 14 are all closed, and the third solenoid valve 10 and the fourth expansion valve 15 are both open.

[0051] At this time, the compressor 1 is working, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the outlet of the compressor 1, enters the condenser 2 through the third solenoid valve 10, condenses and releases heat in the condenser 2, and then enters the battery heat exchanger 4 through the fourth expansion valve 15. In the battery heat exchanger 4, heat is exchanged with the coolant circuit to increase the temperature. The heated refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 5 for gas-liquid separation. The separated gaseous refrigerant flows back to the compressor 1, forming a circulating heating circuit of the refrigerant.

[0052] In the water source heat pump heating mode, the waste heat of the load (battery, motor, etc.) in the coolant circuit can be recovered through the battery heat exchanger 4, which improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system and helps to reduce the energy consumption of the system.

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided in this embodiment when in the thermal pipe heating mode (the solid line in the figure represents refrigerant flowing, and the dotted line represents no refrigerant flowing). In the thermal pipe heating mode, the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 9, the second expansion valve 13, the third expansion valve 14 and the fourth expansion valve 15 are all closed, and the third solenoid valve 10, the fourth solenoid valve 11 and the first expansion valve 12 are all open.

[0054] At this time, the compressor 1 is working, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the outlet of the compressor 1, enters the condenser 2 through the third solenoid valve 10, condenses and releases heat in the condenser 2, and then enters the heat pipe 7 through the first expansion valve 12. In the heat pipe 7, the refrigerant is heated by the second heater 17 to increase its temperature. The heated refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 5 for gas-liquid separation, and the separated gaseous refrigerant flows back to the compressor 1, forming a circulating heating circuit for the refrigerant.

[0055] Optionally, the second heater 17 may be a PTC heater.

[0056] Optionally, the second heater 17 can be integrated with the heat pipe 7 to facilitate assembly of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system.

[0057] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided in this embodiment when it is in the outdoor heat exchanger heating mode (the solid line in the figure represents refrigerant flowing through, and the dotted line represents no refrigerant flowing through). In the outdoor heat exchanger heating mode, the first solenoid valve 8, the fourth solenoid valve 11, the second expansion valve 13, the third expansion valve 14 and the fourth expansion valve 15 are all closed, and the second solenoid valve 9, the third solenoid valve 10 and the first expansion valve 12 are all open.

[0058] At this time, the compressor 1 is working, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the outlet of the compressor 1, enters the condenser 2 through the third solenoid valve 10, condenses and releases heat in the condenser 2, and then enters the external heat exchanger 6 through the first expansion valve 12. In the external heat exchanger 6, the refrigerant is heated by the first heater 16. The heated refrigerant passes through the second solenoid valve 9 into the gas-liquid separator 5 for gas-liquid separation. The separated gaseous refrigerant flows back to the compressor 1, forming a circulating heating circuit of the refrigerant.

[0059] Alternatively, the first heater 16 may be a PTC heater.

[0060] Optionally, the first heater 16 can be integrated with the external heat exchanger 6 to facilitate assembly of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system.

[0061] Optionally, a grille may be provided on the external heat exchanger 6 to facilitate heat preservation in winter and heat dissipation in summer.

[0062] Optionally, a fan may be provided at the external heat exchanger 6 for heat dissipation.

[0063] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system provided in this embodiment when it is in the hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode (the solid line in the figure represents refrigerant flowing through, and the dotted line represents no refrigerant flowing through). In the hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode, the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 9, the fourth solenoid valve 11, the first expansion valve 12 and the second expansion valve 13 are all closed, and the third solenoid valve 10, the third expansion valve 14 and the fourth expansion valve 15 are all open.

[0064] At this time, compressor 1 is working, and high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the outlet of compressor 1 and splits into two branches. One branch passes through the third solenoid valve 10 and enters condenser 2. After condensation and heat release in condenser 2, it passes through the fourth expansion valve 15 and enters the battery heat exchanger 4. In the battery heat exchanger 4, it exchanges heat with the coolant circuit to increase its temperature. The heated refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 5 for gas-liquid separation. The separated gaseous refrigerant flows back to compressor 1, forming a refrigerant circulation heating circuit. The other branch passes through the third expansion valve 14 and enters the gas-liquid separator 5 for gas-liquid separation. The separated gaseous refrigerant flows back to compressor 1.

[0065] In the hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode, the other branch is the bypass branch. By opening the bypass branch, the total heat released by the condenser 2 can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of temperature control.

[0066] Further, see Figure 1 The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system further includes a one-way valve 18. The outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve 18, and the outlet of the one-way valve 18 is connected to one end of the first expansion valve 12. By providing the one-way valve 18, the refrigerant can be prevented from flowing back into the condenser 2.

[0067] It is worth noting that the function of the one-way valve 18 is mainly reflected in other working modes, such as the cooling mode.

[0068] Furthermore, a first temperature and pressure sensor 19 is provided at the outlet of the compressor 1, and a second temperature and pressure sensor 20 is provided at the inlet of the compressor 1. The first temperature and pressure sensor 19 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 20 can detect the temperature and pressure at the inlet and outlet of the compressor 1, thereby facilitating understanding of the operating condition of the compressor 1.

[0069] Optionally, a third temperature and pressure sensor 21 may be further provided between the first expansion valve 12 and the second expansion valve 13. The third temperature and pressure sensor 21 can detect the temperature and pressure at the inlet of the evaporator 3.

[0070] The provision of the first temperature and pressure sensor 19 , the second temperature and pressure sensor 20 and the third temperature and pressure sensor 21 facilitates intelligent detection of the ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system.

[0071] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body, a coolant circuit and the above-mentioned ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system, wherein the coolant circuit and the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system are both arranged on the vehicle body.

[0072] Because the vehicle adopts the above-mentioned ultra-low temperature heat pump air-conditioning system, the vehicle has low overall cost, low energy consumption, and various heating modes.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system for a vehicle, the vehicle including a coolant circuit, characterized in that: The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system comprises: A compressor (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), a battery heat exchanger (4), a gas-liquid separator (5), an off-vehicle heat exchanger (6), a heat pipe (7), a first solenoid valve (8), a second solenoid valve (9), a third solenoid valve (10), a fourth solenoid valve (11), a first expansion valve (12), a second expansion valve (13), a third expansion valve (14), a fourth expansion valve (15), a first heater (16) and a second heater (17), wherein the first heater (16) is used to heat the refrigerant in the off-vehicle heat exchanger (6), and the second heater (17) is used to heat the refrigerant in the heat pipe (7); The outlet of the compressor (1) is communicated with one end of the third solenoid valve (10), the other end of the third solenoid valve (10) is communicated with the inlet of the condenser (2), the outlet of the condenser (2) is communicated with one end of the first expansion valve (12), one end of the first expansion valve (12) is also communicated with one end of the second expansion valve (13) and one end of the fourth expansion valve (15), the other end of the second expansion valve (13) is communicated with the inlet of the evaporator (3), the outlet of the evaporator (3) is communicated with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (5), the other end of the fourth expansion valve (15) is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the battery heat exchanger (4), the refrigerant outlet of the battery heat exchanger (4) is communicated with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (5), the outlet of the gas-liquid separator (5) is communicated with the inlet of the compressor (1), and the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger (4) exchanges heat with the coolant in the coolant circuit; The outlet of the compressor (1) is also connected to one end of the third expansion valve (14), and the other end of the third expansion valve (14) is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (5); The other end of the first expansion valve (12) is in communication with a first port of the off-board heat exchanger (6), the second port of the off-board heat exchanger (6) is in communication with one end of the first solenoid valve (8) and one end of the second solenoid valve (9), respectively; the other end of the first solenoid valve (8) is in communication with an outlet of the compressor (1), and the other end of the second solenoid valve (9) is in communication with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (5); The other end of the first expansion valve (12) is also in communication with the first port of the heat pipe (7), the second port of the heat pipe (7) is in communication with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (5), and the fourth solenoid valve (11) is provided on the heat pipe (7) for controlling the on / off of the heat pipe (7); The first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve, the third expansion valve and the fourth expansion valve can be controlled to different opening and closing combinations, so that the refrigerant flows through at least one of the battery heat exchanger, the heat pipe or the external heat exchanger, thereby realizing multiple heating modes to meet the user's heating needs at different temperatures.

2. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the water source heat pump heating mode, the first solenoid valve (8), the second solenoid valve (9), the fourth solenoid valve (11), the first expansion valve (12), the second expansion valve (13) and the third expansion valve (14) are all closed, and the third solenoid valve (10) and the fourth expansion valve (15) are both opened; The refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) flows through the third solenoid valve (10), the condenser (2), the fourth expansion valve (15), the battery heat exchanger (4) and the gas-liquid separator (5) in sequence and then returns to the compressor (1).

3. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the heat-pipe heating mode, the first solenoid valve (8), the second solenoid valve (9), the second expansion valve (13), the third expansion valve (14) and the fourth expansion valve (15) are all closed, and the third solenoid valve (10), the fourth solenoid valve (11) and the first expansion valve (12) are all opened; The refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) flows through the third solenoid valve (10), the condenser (2), the first expansion valve (12), the heat pipe (7), the fourth solenoid valve (11) and the gas-liquid separator (5) in sequence and then returns to the compressor (1).

4. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the heating mode of the external heat exchanger, the first solenoid valve (8), the fourth solenoid valve (11), the second expansion valve (13), the third expansion valve (14) and the fourth expansion valve (15) are all closed, and the second solenoid valve (9), the third solenoid valve (10) and the first expansion valve (12) are all opened; The refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) flows sequentially through the third solenoid valve (10), the condenser (2), the first expansion valve (12), the off-vehicle heat exchanger (6), the second solenoid valve (9), the gas-liquid separator (5), and then returns to the compressor (1).

5. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the hot gas bypass heat pump heating mode, the first solenoid valve (8), the second solenoid valve (9), the fourth solenoid valve (11), the first expansion valve (12) and the second expansion valve (13) are all closed, and the third solenoid valve (10), the third expansion valve (14) and the fourth expansion valve (15) are all opened; The refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) is divided into two branches, one branch flows through the third solenoid valve (10), the condenser (2), the fourth expansion valve (15), the battery heat exchanger (4) and the gas-liquid separator (5) in sequence and then returns to the compressor (1); the other branch flows through the third expansion valve (14) and the gas-liquid separator (5) in sequence and then returns to the compressor (1).

6. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system further comprises a one-way valve (18), the outlet of the condenser (2) is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve (18), and the outlet of the one-way valve (18) is connected to one end of the first expansion valve (12).

7. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first temperature and pressure sensor (19) is provided at the outlet of the compressor (1), and a second temperature and pressure sensor (20) is provided at the inlet of the compressor (1).

8. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third temperature and pressure sensor (21) is provided between the first expansion valve (12) and the second expansion valve (13).

9. The ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heater (16) is integrated with the off-vehicle heat exchanger (6); and / or the second heater (17) is integrated with the heat pipe (7).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that The vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a coolant circuit, and the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the coolant circuit and the ultra-low temperature heat pump air conditioning system are both arranged on the vehicle body.

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