Large-tonnage deep-well hoist bucket loading compensation device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a large-tonnage deep-well hoist bucket loading compensation device and method. The device comprises a one-way check compensation mechanism, which is installed in a shaft and located below a bucket loading position. The one-way check compensation mechanism can extend to the side of the bucket or be retracted. A first position sensor is used to detect whether the bucket reaches the loading position. A second position sensor is used to detect whether the one-way check compensation mechanism extends to the position. A third position sensor is used to detect whether the one-way check compensation mechanism retracts to the position. A controller is connected with the first, second and third position sensors at the signal input end and connected with the one-way check compensation mechanism at the signal output end. The loading compensation device can lock the bucket in one direction and automatically retract when the bucket is lifted, which can avoid the bucket damage and material spilling caused by the large impact when the bucket is loaded due to the large sinking amount of the bucket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining technology, specifically to a vertical shaft hoisting skip loading system. Background Technology

[0002] As shallow resources gradually decrease, resource extraction is developing towards deeper underground, with more and more wells exceeding 1,000 meters in depth being drilled, and the hoisting containers are also constantly increasing in size, especially in non-coal mines such as metallurgy and non-ferrous metals.

[0003] When the aforementioned mine skip is loading materials at the bottom, the hoisting wire rope stretches and deforms under heavy load, causing the length of the hoisting wire rope to elongate. This results in a large amount of sinking of the skip during loading, and the large change in the position of the loading point leads to serious ore spillage. At the same time, the spilled ore damages the shaft equipment and bottom equipment, affecting the safe operation of the hoisting system.

[0004] A domestic patent with publication number CN 117246884 A discloses a mine skip hoisting and loading power compensation system. Specifically, the system includes a shaft, a skip, a hoist, and an ore loading device. The hoist drives the skip and the tail rope suspended at the bottom of the skip to move up and down via the head rope. A power compensation device is installed below the loading position of the skip to prevent the skip from sinking too much.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned device still has the problem of using a hydraulic cylinder to drive the compensation device to lift the skip. Relying on the hydraulic cylinder to bear the lifting force under heavy load cannot form an effective mechanical self-locking. The hydraulic cylinder has to bear a large dynamic load every time it is loaded, which affects the service life of the hydraulic cylinder. At the same time, there is a technical problem that the hydraulic cylinder leakage can cause the skip locking to fail. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a loading compensation device for a large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip. This device can lock the skip in one direction and automatically retract during hoisting, ensuring safety and reliability without affecting the skip hoisting efficiency. It also reduces the need for support operations when replacing wire ropes or suspension devices. Furthermore, it prevents excessive impact during loading caused by excessive skip sinking, which could lead to skip damage and material spillage.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention employs the following technical means: A large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device includes: A one-way backstop compensation mechanism is installed inside the shaft and located below the skip loading position. The one-way backstop compensation mechanism can extend or retract to the skip side. The first position sensor, mounted on the well casing frame, is used to detect whether the skip has reached the loading position; The second position sensor is used to detect whether the one-way anti-reverse compensation mechanism has extended into place; The third position sensor is used to detect whether the one-way anti-reverse compensation mechanism has been retracted into place; The controller has its signal input terminal connected to the first position sensor and the second and third position sensors, and its signal output terminal connected to the one-way backstop compensation mechanism.

[0008] The one-way backstop compensation mechanism includes 4 sets, which are installed at the same horizontal position at the four corners of the hopper.

[0009] The one-way reverse stop compensation mechanism includes: The column is fixed at its upper end to the upper fixed beam inside the shaft and at its lower end to the lower fixed beam inside the shaft. A connecting beam, one end of which is fixedly connected to the column, and the other end extends toward the hopper side and is provided with a support seat; The support plate assembly has its bottom end rotatably connected to the support base via a rotary shaft, and the upper end of the support plate assembly has a support surface on the side near the skip. A drive unit, connected between the column and the support plate assembly, is used to drive the support plate assembly to extend or retract toward the skip side.

[0010] The skip is fixed with a protrusion that contacts the support surface; The support plate assembly is provided with a positioning wheel assembly at the top near the skip side; When the wire rope extends and the skip reaches the compensation position, the positioning wheel assembly can abut against the protrusion.

[0011] It also includes: a guide frame, disposed between the column and the support plate assembly, which guides the support plate assembly when it extends or retracts towards the skip; The guide frame is equipped with the second position sensor and the third position sensor.

[0012] The bottom rear end of the support plate assembly has a hook-shaped structure, and the support seat is provided with a limiting plate. The hook-shaped structure cooperates with the limiting plate to limit the maximum displacement of the support plate assembly toward the skip side.

[0013] It also includes a counterweight, which is installed on the upper end of the support plate assembly near the column. When it is not in operation, the center of gravity of the support plate assembly is located behind the center line of the rotating shaft. The weight of the equipment itself can ensure that it remains in place, thus preventing the equipment from extending into the skip due to cylinder failure.

[0014] The drive unit is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] The support surface of the support plate assembly is a downward inclined slope structure, and the line connecting the center of the support surface and the center of the rotation shaft is perpendicular to the support surface, so as to ensure that the drive cylinder is basically not subjected to external load when supporting the skip.

[0016] The present invention further discloses the working method of the large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device. When the skip reaches the loading position, the first position sensor transmits a loading compensation signal to the controller. The controller controls the one-way backstop compensation mechanism to extend. After the second position sensor gives a positioning signal, the loading device loads material into the skip. When the wire rope extends and the skip reaches the compensation position, the one-way backstop compensation mechanism can lock the skip to prevent it from sinking. After loading is completed, the skip is lifted, and at the same time, the one-way backstop compensation mechanism retracts. The third position sensor gives a retraction positioning signal. Beneficial effects

[0017] 1. This invention relates to a large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device, which adopts a mechanical one-way backstop compensation structure to lock the skip in one direction and automatically retract it during hoisting, ensuring safety and reliability without affecting the skip hoisting efficiency. It can be used when replacing wire ropes or suspension devices, reducing the need for support operations during these processes.

[0018] 2. The large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention locks the skip in one direction during loading, which avoids the skip sinking caused by the elongation of the wire rope. It can effectively reduce the height between the skip loading compartments and at the same time avoid excessive impact during loading, which could cause skip damage and material spillage.

[0019] 3. The large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of this invention is driven by hydraulic control, which can be shared with the loading hydraulic system, reducing additional investment. The system is equipped with a positioning sensor and related control system, which can be interlocked with the hoisting system to meet the requirements of automated operation and improve the system's safety.

[0020] 4. The present invention provides a large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device. During the loading process, the compensation device can compensate for the changes in the tension of the wire rope during loading, maintain the tension stability of the hoisting system during loading, increase the safety of the system, and avoid skip slippage and falling into the well due to overloading. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention; The components include: 1. Skip; 2. One-way backstop compensation mechanism; 3. Second position sensor; 4. Upper fixed beam; 5. Lower fixed beam; 6. Support beam; 7. Loading mechanism; 8. Hydraulic station and supporting control system. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional anti-reverse compensation mechanism of the present invention; Among them, 2-1, column; 2-2, counterweight; 2-3, positioning wheel; 2-4, positioning wheel axle; 2-5, support plate assembly; 2-6, support seat; 2-7, rotating shaft; 2-8, guide frame; 2-9, drive cylinder; 2-10, cylinder seat; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the unidirectional anti-reverse compensation mechanism of the present invention; Among them, 2-11, limiting plate; 2-12, connecting beam; 2-13, hydraulic cylinder connecting pin; 2-14, support center line; 2-15, support surface; Figure 4 This is a top view of the unidirectional anti-reverse compensation mechanism of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of the large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention; it includes a skip 1, a one-way backstop compensation mechanism 2, a second position sensor 3, an upper fixed beam 4, a lower fixed beam 5, a support beam 6, a loading mechanism 7, and a hydraulic station and supporting control system 8. The first position sensor, which is a proximity switch, is mounted on the well casing frame and is used to detect whether the skip has reached the loading position; The second position sensor 3, which is a proximity switch, is used to detect whether the one-way backstop compensation mechanism has extended into place. The third position sensor, which is a proximity switch, is used to detect whether the one-way backstop compensation mechanism has retracted into place. The controller has its signal input terminal connected to the first position sensor and the second and third position sensors, and its signal output terminal connected to the one-way backstop compensation mechanism.

[0024] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the skip reaches the loading position, the first position sensor sends a loading compensation signal, the one-way backstop compensation mechanism extends, and after the second position sensor 3 sends a positioning signal, the skip is loaded with material. When the wire rope extends and the skip reaches the compensation position, the one-way backstop compensation mechanism can effectively lock the skip to prevent it from sinking. After loading is completed, the skip is lifted while the one-way backstop compensation mechanism retracts; the third position sensor sends a retraction positioning signal.

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the unidirectional anti-reverse compensation mechanism of the present invention. The unidirectional anti-reverse compensation mechanism consists of the following parts: The upper end of column 2-1 is fixed to the upper fixed beam 4 inside the shaft, and the lower end is fixed to the lower fixed beam 5 inside the shaft. The connecting beam 2-12 has one end fixedly connected to the column 2-1, and the other end extends toward the hopper side and is provided with a support seat 2-6. The bottom end of the support plate assembly 2-5 is rotatably connected to the support seat 2-6 via a rotary shaft 2-7, and the upper end of the support plate assembly 2-5 is provided with a support surface 2-15 on the side near the hopper. The drive cylinder 2-9 is connected between the column and the support plate assembly, and is used to drive the support plate assembly 2-5 to extend or retract to the skip side.

[0026] Depend on Figure 2 As shown, when the one-way backstop compensation mechanism is working, the support plate group 2-5 extends to the skip support point position.

[0027] As a further preferred embodiment of the above-described large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention: the unidirectional backstop compensation mechanism comprises four sets, which are installed at the same horizontal position at the four corners of the skip. They are respectively connected and fixed to the upper fixed beam 4, the lower fixed beam 5, and the support beam 6. The support beam 6 has sufficient strength to support the weight of the skip and the material.

[0028] As a further preferred embodiment of the above-described large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention: a protrusion is fixed on the skip to contact the support surface; a positioning wheel assembly is provided on the top of the support plate assembly near the skip side; when the wire rope extends and the skip reaches the compensation position, the positioning wheel assembly can abut against the protrusion.

[0029] As a further preferred embodiment of the above-described large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention, it further includes: a guide frame disposed between the column and the support plate assembly, which guides the support plate assembly when the support plate assembly extends or retracts towards the skip; the guide frame is equipped with a second position sensor and a third position sensor.

[0030] As a further preferred embodiment of the large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention: the bottom rear end of the support plate assembly 2-5 is a hook-shaped structure, and a limiting plate is provided on the support seat 2-6. The hook-shaped structure cooperates with the limiting plate to limit the maximum displacement of the support plate assembly toward the skip side. This can prevent the support plate assembly from overturning into the wellbore due to accidents or when replacing the hydraulic cylinder.

[0031] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: a counterweight installed on the upper end of the support plate assembly near the column. When the support plate assembly is retracted, the counterweight can ensure that the support plate assembly is in its original position, and prevent the equipment from extending into the skip due to a malfunction of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0032] As a further preferred embodiment of the above-described large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device of the present invention: the support plate group has a small-angle inclined surface structure, and the line connecting the center of the support surface and the center of the rotation shaft is perpendicular to the support surface. This ensures that when supporting the skip, the drive cylinder is basically not subject to external load, and at the same time, it cooperates with the positioning roller to achieve self-locking.

Claims

1. A large-tonnage deep shaft hoisting skip loading compensation device, characterized in that, include: A one-way backstop compensation mechanism is installed inside the shaft and located below the skip loading position. The one-way backstop compensation mechanism can extend or retract to the skip side. The first position sensor, mounted on the well casing frame, is used to detect whether the skip has reached the loading position; The second position sensor is used to detect whether the one-way anti-reverse compensation mechanism has extended into place; The third position sensor is used to detect whether the one-way anti-reverse compensation mechanism has been retracted into place; The controller has its signal input terminal connected to the first position sensor and the second and third position sensors, and its signal output terminal connected to the one-way anti-reverse compensation mechanism. The one-way backstop compensation mechanism includes a column, a rotating shaft, and a support plate assembly. The support surface of the support plate assembly is a downwardly inclined slope structure, and the line connecting the center of the support surface and the center of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the support surface. It also includes a counterweight, which is installed on the upper end of the support plate assembly near the column. The skip is fixed with a protrusion that contacts the support surface; a positioning wheel assembly is provided on the top of the support plate assembly near the skip side; when the wire rope extends the skip to the compensation position, the positioning wheel assembly can abut against the protrusion. The upper end of the column is fixed to the upper fixed beam inside the shaft, and the lower end is fixed to the lower fixed beam inside the shaft. The one-way backstop compensation mechanism further includes: a connecting beam, one end of which is fixedly connected to the column, and the other end extends toward the skip side and is provided with a support seat; The support plate assembly has its bottom end rotatably connected to the support base via a rotary shaft, and the upper end of the support plate assembly has a support surface on the side near the skip. A drive unit, connected between the column and the support plate assembly, is used to drive the support plate assembly to extend or retract toward the skip side.

2. Large-tonnage deep shaft hoist skip loading compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way backstop compensation mechanism includes 4 sets, which are installed at the same horizontal position at the four corners of the hopper.

3. Large-tonnage deep shaft hoist skip loading compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A guide frame is disposed between the column and the support plate assembly. When the support plate assembly extends or retracts towards the skip, the guide frame can guide the support plate assembly. The guide frame is equipped with the second position sensor and the third position sensor.

4. Large-tonnage deep shaft hoist skip loading compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom rear end of the support plate assembly has a hook-shaped structure, and the support seat is provided with a limiting plate. The hook-shaped structure cooperates with the limiting plate to limit the maximum displacement of the support plate assembly toward the skip side.

5. The large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When not in operation, the center of gravity of the support plate assembly is located behind the center line of the rotating shaft, and the weight of the equipment itself can ensure that it remains in place, preventing the equipment from extending into the skip due to cylinder malfunction.

6. Large tonnage deep mine hoist skip loading compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit is a hydraulic cylinder.

7. A working method for a large-tonnage deep well hoisting skip loading compensation device based on any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, When the skip reaches the loading position, the first position sensor transmits a loading compensation signal to the controller. The controller controls the one-way backstop compensation mechanism to extend. After the second position sensor gives a positioning signal, the loader begins to load material into the skip. When the wire rope extends and the skip reaches the compensation position, the one-way backstop compensation mechanism can lock the skip to prevent it from sinking. After loading is completed, the skip is lifted, and at the same time, the one-way backstop compensation mechanism retracts. The third position sensor gives a retraction positioning signal.

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