A method for measuring the gear alignment accuracy and length of a heavy truck countershaft assembly

Abstract

A method for measuring the tooth alignment accuracy and length of a heavy-duty truck countershaft assembly is disclosed. This method addresses the difficulty of existing measuring equipment in measuring the helix angle of a heavy-duty truck countershaft, as well as the large gear measurement errors that fail to meet industrial precision requirements. The method comprises the following steps: 1. Using a robotic arm, a workpiece to be measured is placed on the lower center of a measuring instrument; 2. Upon receiving a loading completion signal, the measuring instrument moves the upper center downward to support the workpiece and sends a signal to the robotic arm to move away; upon receiving the robotic arm's departure signal, the measuring instrument begins measurement; 3. Measure the distance between a reference surface F2 and each gear; 4. Measure the center position of each gear's helix angle; 5. After measurement, the upper center moves upward, sending a signal to the robotic arm, causing it to remove the workpiece; and 6. Obtain the measurement results and compare them with standard symmetry. This invention belongs to the field of gear detection technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a gear measuring method, in particular to a method for measuring the tooth alignment accuracy and length of a heavy truck countershaft assembly. The present invention belongs to the technical field of gear detection. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the gear industry, gear measurement has evolved into a unique system in the 20th century, from theory to technology and then to practice. Gear measurement has traditionally been divided into analytical measurement based on tooth profile, tooth guide, and pitch measurement; functional measurement based on comprehensive measurement (double-mesh and single-mesh measurement); and overall gear error measurement, which integrates individual and comprehensive measurement methods.

[0003] From a holistic perspective, the development of gear measurement technology in the 20th century can be seen in three main aspects: first, in terms of measurement principles, it has evolved from "comparative measurement" to "meshing motion measurement" and finally to "modeled measurement"; second, in terms of technical means for realizing measurement principles, it has evolved from "mechanical-based" to "mechanical-electrical integration" and finally to the comprehensive integration of "optical-mechanical-electrical" and "information technology"; third, in terms of the expression and utilization of measurement results, it has evolved from "indicator + naked eye reading" to "recorder + manual judgment" and finally to "computer automatic analysis + closed-loop manufacturing".

[0004] Traditional gear accuracy theory is not rigorous for controlling gear quality, incomplete for understanding gear error characteristics, and inaccurate for analyzing error sources. The two fundamental tasks of gear measurement are to analyze gear manufacturing processes and predict gear performance. These essentially involve gear evaluation based on gear measurement and the application of measurement results.

[0005] For the secondary shaft of a heavy truck, its workpiece is larger than other workpieces, so it is difficult to measure its helix angle using common equipment. At the same time, the gear measurement error is large and cannot meet the industrial precision requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the problem that existing measuring equipment is difficult to measure the helix angle of a heavy truck countershaft, and the gear measurement error is large and cannot meet the industrial precision requirements. A method for measuring the tooth accuracy and length of a heavy truck countershaft assembly is proposed.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is:

[0008] The present invention comprises the steps of:

[0009] Step 1: Place the workpiece to be measured on the lower top of the measuring instrument using the robot.

[0010] Step 2: The measuring instrument receives the signal that the loading is completed, and the upper center moves downward to support the workpiece to be measured, and sends a signal to make the manipulator leave; the measuring instrument receives the signal that the manipulator leaves and starts measuring;

[0011] Step 3: Measure the distance between the reference plane F2 and each gear;

[0012] Step 4: Measure the center position of the helix angle of each gear;

[0013] Step 5: After the measurement is completed, the upper center is moved upward and a signal is sent to the robot, which removes the workpiece to be measured.

[0014] Step 6: Compare the measurement results of steps 3 and 4 with the standard symmetry to detect unqualified workpieces.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 3, the distance measurement between the reference plane F2 and each gear is performed as follows:

[0016] Step 3.1 Measure the distance between reference surface F2 and gear F. Move the probe downward and use the laser hole finder above the probe to find the reference hole position of gear F to be measured. Then move the probe to reference surface F2 and measure the distance between gear F and reference surface F2.

[0017] Step 3.2: Repeat step 3.1 to measure the distances between gears G, H, and J and the reference surface F2 respectively.

[0018] Step 3.3: Compare the measured data with the standard value to detect unqualified workpieces.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 4, the helix angle of the H gear is measured using the J gear as a reference surface. The specific steps are as follows:

[0020] Step 4.1: The spindle rotates counterclockwise, and the probe touches the left helical surface of the J gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ1; the spindle rotates clockwise, and the probe touches the right helical surface of the J gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ2;

[0021] Step 4.2: The spindle rotates counterclockwise, and the probe touches the left helical surface of the H gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueH1; the spindle rotates clockwise, and the probe touches the right helical surface of the H gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ2;

[0022] Step 4.3, calculate the roundness values of gear J and gear H:

[0023] Step 4.4: Obtain the helical angle symmetry of gear H according to step 4.3;

[0024] Step 4.5: Repeat the above steps to measure the helix angle center positions of gears G, F, and E respectively.

[0025] Step 4.6: Compare the measurement results with the standard symmetry to detect unqualified workpieces.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The measurement method of the present invention can realize the accurate measurement of the helix angle and length of the gear. The accurate helix angle and length values are calculated by algorithm. The measurement error is reduced by comparing the results. The measurement error is controlled within 0.05, which improves the stability of the workpiece and meets industrial requirements.

[0028] 2. The present invention can achieve accurate measurement of the countershaft of heavy trucks, timely and effectively discover the reasons for gear failure, optimize gear detection action specifications, reduce industrial production costs, and reduce safety hazards caused by errors during gear operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the measurement method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the workpiece to be tested according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is an axonometric diagram of the measuring device used in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 Middle: 1-base; 2-workbench; 3-workpiece column; 4-measuring column; 5-drive spindle; 6-lower center; 7-upper center; 8-first guide rail; 9-first lead screw; 10-first slide; 11-second guide rail; 12-second lead screw; 13-second slide; 14-third guide rail; 15-third lead screw; 16-third slide; 17-laser hole finder; 18-3D probe; 19-display. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Specific implementation: The method for measuring the tooth alignment accuracy and length of a heavy truck countershaft assembly described in this embodiment uses a measuring device such as Figure 3As shown, it includes a base 1, a clamping assembly located on a workbench 2, a vertical moving mechanism and a horizontal moving mechanism, wherein the clamping assembly includes: a driving spindle 5, which is located below the lower center 6 and is used to drive the lower center 6 to rotate; the lower center 6 is driven by the driving spindle 5 and cooperates with the upper center 7 to position and clamp the workpiece to be measured; the upper center 7 is connected to the slider on the workpiece column 3, and the inner side of the workpiece column 3 is equipped with a motor 8, a first guide rail 8, a screw and nut assembly and a first slider 10 fixedly connected to the nut. The first motor drives the first screw 9 to rotate, and the nut drives the first slider 10 to reciprocate in the vertical direction along the first guide rail 8, thereby moving the upper center 7 toward the lower center 6, and the workpiece to be measured is positioned and clamped by the cooperation of the upper and lower centers;

[0034] The vertical movement mechanism includes: a third motor, a third guide rail 14, a screw-nut assembly, and a third slider 16 fixedly connected to the nut are installed on the measuring column 5. A laser hole finder 17 and a three-dimensional probe 18 are installed on the third slider 16. The third motor drives the third screw 15 to rotate, and the nut drives the third slider 16 and the laser hole finder 17 and the three-dimensional probe 18 on the slider to move vertically along the third guide rail 14. The laser hole finder 20 is used to find the position of the φ8 pin hole of the workpiece to be measured and pre-position it.

[0035] The horizontal moving mechanism includes: a second motor, a second guide rail 11, a screw and nut assembly and a second slider 13. The second motor drives the second screw 12 to rotate, and the nut drives the second slider 13 and the vertical moving mechanism installed on the slider to perform horizontal reciprocating motion along the second guide rail 11.

[0036] like Figure 1 The workpiece to be measured is a plurality of gear structures, including E, F, G, H, and J gears.

[0037] The method for measuring the gear alignment accuracy and length of a heavy truck countershaft assembly comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Place the workpiece to be measured on the lower center of the measuring instrument using the robot.

[0039] Step 2: When the measuring instrument receives the loading completion signal, the upper center 7 moves downward to support the workpiece to be measured, and sends a signal to make the manipulator leave; the measuring instrument receives the manipulator leaving signal and starts measuring;

[0040] Step 3: F2 is the reference plane. Measure the distance between the reference plane F2 and each gear as follows:

[0041] Step 3.1 measures the distance between the reference surface F2 and the F gear. The motor drives the main shaft 5 to rotate the lower center 6 and the workpiece to be measured on the lower center 6, moves the three-dimensional probe 18 downward, and uses the laser hole finder 17 above the three-dimensional probe 18 to find the reference hole position of the F gear to be measured. Then move the probe 18 to the F2 reference surface and measure the distance between the F gear and the reference surface F2. The three-dimensional probe 18 can be moved in the vertical and horizontal directions through the horizontal movement mechanism and the vertical movement mechanism.

[0042] Step 3.2: Repeat step 3.1 to measure the distances between gears G, H, and J and the reference surface F2 respectively.

[0043] Step 4: Measure the center position of the helix angle of each gear, as follows;

[0044] Step 4.1. Use gear J as the reference surface to measure the helix angle of gear H. When the spindle rotates counterclockwise, the probe touches the left helical surface of gear J to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ1. When the spindle rotates clockwise, the probe touches the right helical surface of gear J to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ2.

[0045] Step 4.2: The spindle rotates counterclockwise, and the probe touches the left helical surface of the H gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueH1; the spindle rotates clockwise, and the probe touches the right helical surface of the H gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ2;

[0046] Step 4.3, calculate the roundness values of gear J and gear H:

[0047] The roundness values of the J gear and the H gear are calculated as follows:

[0048] CircularJ=(ValueJ1+ValueJ2) / 2,

[0049] CircularH=(ValueH1+ValueH2) / 2,

[0050] CircularJ represents the roundness value of the J gear, and CircularH represents the roundness value of the H gear.

[0051] Step 4.4: Obtain the helical angle symmetry of gear H according to step 4.3;

[0052] The calculation formula for the helix angle symmetry of H gear is as follows:

[0053] Result_H=(J_Deep*sin((CircularH-CircularJ)*3.1415926 / 360))*0.5f*nCount+Correct,

[0054] Where, J_Deep is the pitch circle depth of the J tooth, nCount is the angle coefficient, and Correct is the correction value obtained after calibration.

[0055] Step 4.5: Repeat the above steps to measure the helix angle center positions of gears G, F, and E respectively.

[0056] Step 5: After the measurement is completed, the upper center 7 is moved upward, and a signal is sent to the robot, and the robot removes the workpiece to be measured.

[0057] Step 6: Compare the measurement results of steps 3 and 4 with the standard symmetry to detect unqualified workpieces.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the present profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement of the above embodiments made according to the technical essence of the present invention, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the tooth alignment accuracy and length of a heavy truck countershaft assembly, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the workpiece to be measured on the lower top of the measuring instrument using a manipulator; Step 2: The measuring instrument receives the signal that the loading is completed, and the upper center moves downward to support the workpiece to be measured, and sends a signal to make the manipulator leave. The measuring instrument receives the signal that the manipulator has left and starts measuring; Step 3: Measure the distance between the reference plane F2 and each gear. The steps are as follows: Step 3.

1. Measure the distance between reference surface F2 and gear F. Move the probe downward and use the laser hole finder above the probe to find the reference hole position of gear F to be measured. Then move the probe to the F2 reference surface and measure the distance between gear F and reference surface F2. Step 3.2: Repeat step 3.1 to measure the distances between gears G, H, and J and the reference surface F2 respectively. Step 4: Measure the center position of the helix angle of each gear; use gear J as the reference surface and measure the helix angle of gear H. The specific steps are as follows: Step 4.1: The spindle rotates counterclockwise, and the probe touches the left helical surface of the J gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ1; the spindle rotates clockwise, and the probe touches the right helical surface of the J gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ2; Step 4.2: The spindle rotates counterclockwise, and the probe touches the left helical surface of the H gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueH1; the spindle rotates clockwise, and the probe touches the right helical surface of the H gear to obtain the measurement data of ValueJ2; Step 4.3, calculate the roundness values of gear J and gear H: The roundness values of the J gear and the H gear are calculated as follows: CircularJ=(ValueJ1+ValueJ2) / 2, CircularH=(ValueH1+ValueH2) / 2, Among them, CircularJ represents the roundness value of J gear; CircularH represents the roundness value of H gear; Step 4.4: Obtain the helical angle symmetry of gear H according to step 4.3; The calculation formula for the helix angle symmetry of H gear is as follows: Result_H=(J_Deep*sin((CircularH-CircularJ)*3.1415926 / 360))*0.5f*nCount+Correct, Where J_Deep is the pitch circle depth of the J tooth, nCount is the angle coefficient, and Correct is the correction value obtained after calibration; Step 4.5: Repeat the above steps to measure the helical angle center positions of gears G, F, and E respectively. Step 5: After the measurement is completed, the upper center is moved upward and a signal is sent to the robot, which removes the workpiece to be measured. Step 6: Compare the measurement results of steps 3 and 4 with the standard symmetry to detect unqualified workpieces.

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