Corn ear and stalk harvesting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn ear and stem harvesting device, which comprises an ear picking roller frame, the two snapping rollers are arranged in the vertical direction and are rotatably mounted on the snapping roller frame respectively; the chopping device comprises a shell and a cutter mechanism; the cutter mechanism is rotatably mounted in the shell; wherein the snapping roller sequentially comprises a first section and a second section from top to bottom; the first section comprises a first main body part and a second main body part; the spiral rib is spirally wound on the outer circumference of the first main body part; the transverse ribs are arranged on the outer circumference of the first main body part at intervals in the extending direction of the spiral ribs, and the transverse ribs are parallel to the end face of the first main body part; the multiple groups of first vertical ribs are arranged on the outer circumference of the first main body part at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first main body part; the second section comprises a second main body part which is cylindrical; the second vertical ribs are arranged on the outer circumference of the second main body part at intervals in the circumferential direction of the second main body part; and the second vertical rib is arranged along the axial direction of the second main body part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a corn cob and stalk harvesting device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing number of ways to utilize corn stalks and the increasing efforts to ban straw burning, corn harvesters that combine ear picking with straw cutting, shredding and recycling have emerged. The key to corn harvesters that combine ear picking with straw is to pick corn ears with low loss and cut and shred the straw efficiently. Most of the existing corn ear and stalk harvesters use a design of more than one-meter-long horizontal roller picking and stalk collection and shredding by a stirrer. The structure is complex, bulky, energy-intensive and costly. Horizontal roller picking can easily damage corn, and it needs to be harvested by row, which has poor adaptability. The straw collected by the stirrer is disordered, and after passing through the shredding components, the cut straw is of different lengths and has poor uniformity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a corn cob and stalk harvesting device, which has both the functions of picking ears and chopping and recycling corn stalks. The operation is not limited by row spacing, can be used to harvest corn crops with different scion heights, and improve the efficiency of picking ears and chopping stalks.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0005] A corn cob and stalk harvesting device, comprising:

[0006] Picking roller frame;

[0007] Two ear picking rollers are arranged in a vertical direction, and the two ear picking rollers are rotatably mounted on the ear picking roller frame;

[0008] Wherein, the two ear picking rollers can rotate relative to each other under the drive of the driving mechanism;

[0009] A shredding device, comprising: a housing and a cutter mechanism;

[0010] One end of the shell is provided with a feed port, the feed port is fixedly connected to the discharge end of the ear picking roller frame, and the other end of the shell is provided with a discharge port below; the cutter mechanism is rotatably installed in the shell;

[0011] The ear picking roller includes a first section and a second section from top to bottom;

[0012] The first paragraph includes:

[0013] A first main body portion, which is cylindrical;

[0014] A spiral rib, which is spirally wound and arranged on the outer circumference of the first main body;

[0015] A plurality of transverse ribs are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the first main body along the extension direction of the spiral ribs; the transverse ribs are parallel to the end surface of the first main body, one end of the transverse ribs is connected to the spiral ribs, and the other end is a free end;

[0016] A plurality of groups of first vertical ribs are arranged on the outer circumference of the first main body at intervals along the circumference of the first main body;

[0017] Each group of first vertical ribs includes a plurality of first vertical ribs spaced apart along the axial direction of the first main body; there is a gap between two adjacent first vertical ribs in the same group, and between the first vertical rib and its adjacent transverse rib or spiral rib;

[0018] The second paragraph includes:

[0019] The second main body part is cylindrical and coaxially fixedly connected to the first main body part; the diameter of the second main body part is smaller than the diameter of the first main body part;

[0020] A plurality of second vertical ribs are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the second main body along the circumferential direction of the second main body; the second vertical ribs are arranged along the axial direction of the second main body;

[0021] The winding directions of the spiral ribs on the two ear-picking rollers are opposite; and the second vertical ribs on the two ear-picking rollers are arranged in an interlaced manner.

[0022] Preferably, the free ends of the transverse ribs on the two ear picking rollers are arranged in opposite directions.

[0023] Preferably, the first vertical ribs on the ear picking roller are evenly spaced along the circumference of the first main body.

[0024] Preferably, the second vertical ribs on the ear picking roller are evenly spaced along the circumference of the second main body.

[0025] Preferably, the radial outer edge of the second vertical rib is higher than the outer circumference of the first main body portion.

[0026] Preferably, the cutting mechanism comprises:

[0027] A cutter shaft, which passes through the housing in a horizontal direction and is rotatably supported on the housing;

[0028] A plurality of groups of cutters are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the cutter shaft;

[0029] Each group of cutters includes a plurality of cutter blades spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutter shaft, and one end of the cutter blade is fixedly connected to the cutter shaft;

[0030] Wherein, the cutter shaft can drive the cutter to rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism.

[0031] Preferably, a first rubbing board, a second rubbing board, a third rubbing board and a fourth rubbing board are sequentially installed on the top of the inner wall of the shell along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet;

[0032] Wherein, the first washboard, the second washboard and the third washboard respectively include a plurality of first ridges arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft; the fourth washboard includes a plurality of second ridges arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter shaft;

[0033] Wherein, the plurality of second ridges are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft.

[0034] Preferably, the height of the first ridges in the first washboard increases sequentially along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet of the shell;

[0035] Wherein, the structures of the second rubbing board and the third rubbing board are the same as that of the first rubbing board.

[0036] Preferably, the corn cob and stalk collecting device further comprises an ear picking roller gap adjustment mechanism, which comprises:

[0037] A guide rail is installed on the top of the ear picking roller frame, and the guide rail is arranged horizontally;

[0038] Two ear picking roller mounting seats, which are respectively connected to the guide rails through sliders;

[0039] Wherein, one end of the two ear picking rollers is rotatably connected to the two ear picking roller mounting seats in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0040] Two adjusting nuts are connected to the two ear picking roller mounting seats in a one-to-one correspondence through screw rods; the ear picking roller mounting seats can be driven to move along the guide rail by rotating the adjusting nuts, so that the two ear picking rollers are brought closer to or separated from each other.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] The corn cob and stalk harvesting device provided by the present invention realizes the integrated harvesting of corn cobs and stalks without them falling to the ground; the feeding is smooth, the harvesting speed is fast, the harvesting efficiency is high, and the device is suitable for harvesting corn crops with different scion heights; the operation is not restricted by the row spacing through the vertical roller design, the adaptability is strong, the cob breakage rate is reduced, and the orderly feeding of the stalks is realized, and the shredding effect is good in the orderly state; the vertical ear picking roller is short, the cutting knife design is simple, the device structure is simplified, the weight is light, the cost is low, the possibility of failure is low, and it is conducive to popularization and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1The figure is a front view of the corn cob and stalk collecting device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the corn cob and stalk harvesting device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding end of the corn cob and stalk harvesting device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the ear picking roller.

[0047] Figure 5 It is a front view of the shredding device described in the present invention.

[0048] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shredding device according to the present invention.

[0049] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the ear picking roller gap adjustment mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0051] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a corn cob and stalk harvesting device, which includes: an ear picking roller frame 110, an ear picking roller 120 and a chopping device.

[0052] There are two ear picking rollers 120, which are arranged in the vertical direction, and there is a gap between the two ear picking rollers 120 in the horizontal direction. The two ear picking rollers 120 are rotatably mounted on the ear picking roller frame 110, and the two ear picking rollers 120 can rotate relative to each other under the drive of the driving mechanism.

[0053] The shredding device includes: a housing 130 and a cutter mechanism 140. A feed port 131 is provided at one end of the housing 130, the feed port 131 is fixedly connected to the discharge end of the ear picking roller frame 110, and a discharge port 132 is provided below the other end of the housing 130; the cutter mechanism 140 is rotatably installed in the housing 130.

[0054] The ear picking roller 120 includes a first section 121 and a second section 122 from top to bottom. The first section 121 includes: a first main body 121a, a spiral rib 121b, a transverse rib 121c and a first vertical rib 121d.

[0055] The first main body 121a is cylindrical. The spiral rib 121b is spirally wound on the outer circumference of the first main body 121a. A plurality of transverse ribs 123c are arranged on the outer circumference of the first main body 121a at intervals along the extension direction of the spiral rib 121b; the transverse rib 121c is parallel to the end face of the first main body 121a, that is, the transverse rib 121c is arranged parallel to the horizontal plane; one end of the transverse rib 121c is connected to the spiral rib 121b, and the other end is a free end.

[0056] Multiple groups of first vertical ribs 121d are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first main body 121a on the outer circumference of the first main body 121a. Each group of first vertical ribs 121d includes multiple sections of first vertical ribs 121d arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first main body 121a; there is a gap between two adjacent sections of first vertical ribs 121d in the same group, and between the first vertical rib 121d and its adjacent transverse rib 121c or spiral rib 121b.

[0057] The second section 122 includes: a second main body 122a and a plurality of second vertical ribs 122b. The second main body 122a is cylindrical and coaxially fixedly connected to the first main body 121a; the diameter of the second main body 122a is smaller than the diameter of the first main body 121a. A plurality of second vertical ribs 122b are arranged on the outer circumference of the second main body 122a at intervals along the circumference of the second main body 122a; the second vertical ribs 122b are arranged along the axial direction of the second main body 122a, and the length of the second vertical ribs 122b is the same as the length of the second main body 122a.

[0058] The spiral ribs 121b on the two picking rollers 120 are wound in opposite directions; the second vertical ribs 122b on the two picking rollers 120 are arranged in an interlaced manner to form a gear-like meshing structure. The outer edge of the second vertical rib 122 in the radial direction (along the radial direction of the second main body 122a) is higher than the outer circumference of the first main body 121a. The free ends of the transverse ribs 121c on the two picking rollers 120 are arranged in opposite directions.

[0059] Preferably, the first vertical ribs 121d on the ear picking roller 120 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the first main body portion 121a.

[0060] Preferably, the second vertical ribs 122b on the ear picking roller 120 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the second main body portion 122a.

[0061] The cutter mechanism 140 includes: a cutter shaft 141 and a plurality of cutter groups 142. The cutter shaft 141 passes through the housing 130 in the horizontal direction and is rotatably supported on the housing 130. The plurality of cutter groups 142 are evenly spaced around the circumference of the cutter shaft 141; wherein each group of cutters 142 includes a plurality of cutter blades spaced along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 141, and one end of the cutter blades is fixedly connected to the cutter shaft 141. The cutter shaft 141 can drive the cutter 142 to rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism.

[0062] In this embodiment, a pulley 143 is fixedly mounted on one end of the cutter shaft 141, and the driving mechanism is connected to the pulley 143 via a belt to drive the cutter shaft 141. A cutter mounting plate 141a is coaxially mounted on the cutter shaft 141, and each set of cutters 142 is fixed to the cutter mounting plate 141a via two pins 142a.

[0063] In this embodiment, the number of the cutters 142 is 4 groups, and the number of blades in each group is 6.

[0064] The first rubbing plate 151, the second rubbing plate 152, the third rubbing plate 153 and the fourth rubbing plate 154 are sequentially installed on the top of the inner wall of the housing 130 along the direction from the feed port 131 to the discharge port 132. The first rubbing plate 151, the second rubbing plate 152 and the third rubbing plate 153 respectively include a plurality of first convex edges arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 141; the fourth rubbing plate 154 includes a plurality of second convex edges arranged along the circumferential direction (rotation direction) of the cutter shaft 141. The plurality of second convex edges are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 141.

[0065] The first rubbing board 151 is in an arc shape matching the inner wall of the housing 130 and is closely attached to the inner wall of the housing 130. The height of the first ridge in the first rubbing board 151 increases in sequence along the direction from the feed inlet 131 to the discharge outlet 132 of the housing 130. The structures of the second rubbing board 152 and the third rubbing board 153 are the same as the structure of the first rubbing board 153; and the first rubbing board 151, the second rubbing board 152, the third rubbing board 153 and the fourth rubbing board 154 are continuously arranged, and there is no interval between adjacent rubbing boards.

[0066] In this embodiment, the fourth rubbing board 154 includes three sections of rubbing boards in sequence along the direction from the feed inlet 131 to the discharge outlet 132 of the shell 130 . Such a configuration can facilitate the installation of the fourth rubbing board 154 .

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the corn ear and stalk collecting device also includes an ear picking roller gap adjustment mechanism, which includes: a guide rail 161, two ear picking roller mounting seats 162 and two adjustment nuts 163. The guide rail 161 is installed on the top of the ear picking roller frame 110, and the guide rail 161 is horizontally arranged. The two ear picking roller mounting seats 162 are respectively connected to the guide rail 161 through sliders; wherein, one end of the two ear picking rollers 120 is rotatably connected to the two ear picking roller mounting seats 162 in a one-to-one manner. One end of the two adjustment nuts 163 is connected to the two ear picking roller mounting seats 162 in a one-to-one manner through a screw rod, and the other end of the adjustment nut 163 extends to the outside of the ear picking roller frame 110 to facilitate the adjustment operation. By rotating the adjustment nut 163, the ear picking roller mounting seat 162 can be driven to move along the guide rail 161, so that the two ear picking rollers 120 are close to or separated from each other, thereby realizing the adjustment of the spacing between the two ear picking rollers 120. By adjusting the distance between the two ear picking rollers 120 , ear picking can be better achieved and straw feeding can be facilitated.

[0068] The corn cob and stalk collecting device provided by the invention adopts a structure of two relatively rotating vertical cob picking rollers and a cutting knife for chopping.

[0069] The spiral ribs, transverse ribs and the first vertical ribs are welded on the outer periphery of the upper part of the ear picking roller. The spiral ribs can pull the straw downward and backward, and have a certain ear picking effect. The transverse ribs can quickly pull the straw downward to reach the ear picking position, and have a certain ear picking effect. The first vertical ribs reduce the downward speed of the corn ear, forming a linear speed difference between the corn ear and the straw, and disconnecting the fruit stalk from the straw at the connection point, completing the function of picking the ear. During the downward and backward movement of the upper part of the ear picking roller, the ear cannot pass through the axis center distance of the ear picking roller because the diameter of the large end is larger than the stem diameter and is picked off.

[0070] The lower part of the ear picking roller is a forced stem removal section, which is welded by 6 second vertical ribs on the outer circumference of the ear picking roller. The second vertical ribs on the two ear picking rollers are staggered to form a structure similar to gear meshing. The forced stem removal section is a safety anti-blocking device for the ear picking roller. When a few ears are not picked off at the upper part of the ear picking roller and enter the lower part of the ear picking roller, they will be pulled downward at high speed to complete the ear picking, and the straw will also be discharged under the ear picking roller. If the straw is too high and is not completely discharged under the ear picking roller at the upper part of the ear picking roller, the forced stem removal section will also pull it downward at high speed to discharge it. The forced stem removal section has a strong ear picking and stem removal effect, which can effectively avoid missed picking and blockage.

[0071] Two relatively rotating ear-picking rollers can pull the stems to pick the ears, separate the ears from the corn stalks, and send the stalks to the chopping device.

[0072] The shredder consists of 4 groups of cutters and 4 groups of fixed washboards. When the straw enters the cutter assembly, it is crushed by the combined action of the cutters and the fixed washboards.

[0073] By combining the ear picking roller and the shredding device into one, the corn ear and stalk harvesting device provided by the present invention has both the ear picking function and the corn stalk shredding and recovery function, overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art, and has smooth feeding, fast harvesting speed, high harvesting efficiency, and is suitable for harvesting corn crops with different scion heights.

[0074] The corn cob and stalk harvesting device provided by the present invention can remove corn cobs from stalks with low loss and efficiently chop and recycle the stalks. The corn cobs are harvested and the corn stalks are chopped and recycled at the same time, so that the corn cobs and stalks are harvested at one time, and the cobs and stalks are removed from the field synchronously, which maximizes efficiency, saves time, and reduces labor intensity. The produced stalks do not fall to the ground, are not contaminated by clay, and have no nutrients lost, thereby ensuring the best quality of the stalk feed.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A device for collecting corn cobs and stalks, characterized in that: include: Picking roller frame; Two ear picking rollers are arranged in a vertical direction, and the two ear picking rollers are rotatably mounted on the ear picking roller frame; Wherein, the two ear picking rollers can rotate relative to each other under the drive of the driving mechanism; A shredding device, comprising: a housing and a cutter mechanism; One end of the shell is provided with a feed port, the feed port is fixedly connected to the discharge end of the ear picking roller frame, and the other end of the shell is provided with a discharge port below; the cutter mechanism is rotatably installed in the shell; The ear picking roller includes a first section and a second section from top to bottom; The first paragraph includes: A first main body portion, which is cylindrical; A spiral rib, which is spirally wound and arranged on the outer circumference of the first main body; A plurality of transverse ribs are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the first main body along the extension direction of the spiral ribs; the transverse ribs are parallel to the end surface of the first main body, one end of the transverse ribs is connected to the spiral ribs, and the other end is a free end; A plurality of groups of first vertical ribs are arranged on the outer circumference of the first main body at intervals along the circumference of the first main body; Each group of first vertical ribs includes a plurality of first vertical ribs spaced apart along the axial direction of the first main body; there is a gap between two adjacent first vertical ribs in the same group, and between the first vertical rib and its adjacent transverse rib or spiral rib; The second paragraph includes: The second main body part is cylindrical and coaxially fixedly connected to the first main body part; the diameter of the second main body part is smaller than the diameter of the first main body part; A plurality of second vertical ribs are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the second main body along the circumferential direction of the second main body; the second vertical ribs are arranged along the axial direction of the second main body; The winding directions of the spiral ribs on the two ear-picking rollers are opposite; and the second vertical ribs on the two ear-picking rollers are arranged in an interlaced manner.

2. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free ends of the transverse ribs on the two ear picking rollers are arranged in opposite directions.

3. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first vertical ribs on the ear picking roller are evenly spaced along the circumference of the first main body.

4. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second vertical ribs on the ear picking roller are evenly spaced along the circumference of the second main body.

5. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The radial outer edge of the second vertical rib is higher than the outer circumference of the first main body portion.

6. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutter mechanism comprises: A cutter shaft, which passes through the housing in a horizontal direction and is rotatably supported on the housing; A plurality of groups of cutters are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the cutter shaft; Each group of cutters includes a plurality of cutter blades spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutter shaft, and one end of the cutter blade is fixedly connected to the cutter shaft; Wherein, the cutter shaft can drive the cutter to rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism.

7. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the inner wall of the shell is provided with a first rubbing board, a second rubbing board, a third rubbing board and a fourth rubbing board in sequence along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet; Wherein, the first washboard, the second washboard and the third washboard respectively include a plurality of first ridges arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft; the fourth washboard includes a plurality of second ridges arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter shaft; Wherein, the plurality of second ridges are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft.

8. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height of the first ridges in the first washboard increases in sequence from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet of the shell; Wherein, the structures of the second rubbing board and the third rubbing board are the same as that of the first rubbing board.

9. The corn cob and stalk harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an ear picking roller gap adjustment mechanism, which includes: A guide rail is installed on the top of the ear picking roller frame, and the guide rail is arranged horizontally; Two ear picking roller mounting seats, which are respectively connected to the guide rails through sliders; Wherein, one end of the two ear picking rollers is rotatably connected to the two ear picking roller mounting seats in a one-to-one correspondence; Two adjusting nuts are connected to the two ear picking roller mounting seats in a one-to-one correspondence through screw rods; the ear picking roller mounting seats can be driven to move along the guide rail by rotating the adjusting nuts, so that the two ear picking rollers are brought closer to or separated from each other.

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