Double-beam double-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method and system suitable for U rib plate unit

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel and iron material welding, and discloses a double-beam bilateral synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method suitable for a U rib plate unit, which comprises the following steps of: S1, placing the U rib plate unit to be welded on a bridge deck, and performing spot welding on a welding seam at the contact part of the outer side of a U rib and a bridge deck, preliminarily fixing the position of the U rib on the bridge deck slab; s2, reversible deformation is conducted on the bridge deck slab, so that the bridge deck slab protrudes in the direction opposite to the direction where the U-shaped rib is located; and S3, double-beam double-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding is adopted for welding a welding seam at the contact position of the U rib and the bridge floor, a full penetration welding seam is formed, and after welding of welding seams on the two sides of all the U ribs on the U rib plate unit is completed, full penetration welding of the U rib plate unit is achieved. By means of the U rib plate unit, one-time single-face single-pass welding double-face forming of a single U rib of the U rib plate unit is achieved, and the problems that the single-face welding penetration rate of a U rib connector is insufficient, the occupied space of a system is large, and welding deformation of the U rib plate unit is large are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of steel material welding, and in particular relates to a double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method and system suitable for a U-rib plate unit. Background Art

[0002] Orthotropic steel bridge decks have been widely used in modern bridge construction due to their advantages such as light weight, high ultimate bearing capacity and short construction period. The structure consists of three parts: bridge deck, longitudinal U-rib and transverse rib. The welding quality of the U-rib plate unit is crucial in the manufacturing process. In particular, the quality of the weld at the joint between the U-rib and the bridge deck directly affects the service life of the entire bridge structure. Ensuring that the weld at the joint between the U-rib and the bridge deck has high reliability and long life is decisive for improving the overall service performance of the steel bridge.

[0003] At present, there are significant deficiencies in the welding process for U-ribs. Traditional U-rib single-sided welding technology can usually only achieve an 80% penetration rate, which cannot meet the increasingly stringent requirements of modern bridges for full penetration welding. Although the existing U-rib full penetration welding process usually adopts a multi-pass welding method combining the inside and the outside, such as double-sided deep-melting gas shielded welding or inner deep-melting gas shielded welding plus outer submerged arc welding, these processes can improve the fatigue resistance of the weld, but there are problems such as difficulty in double-sided welding, poor reliability, low welding efficiency, high heat input, large welding deformation, and increased welding costs. This multi-pass welding process fails to achieve the full penetration effect of double-sided forming with a single-sided welding.

[0004] In addition, the existing automated welding system usually relies on an anti-deformation swing frame to fix the workpiece, completes single-side welding through multiple welding heads, and then performs welding on the other side after adjusting the spatial posture through a swing device. This not only makes the welding efficiency low, but also requires a high anti-deformation value due to excessive welding deformation, occupies a large space, has a complex process and high equipment cost.

[0005] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0006] The current U-rib plate unit welding technology cannot meet the demand of modern bridge construction for high-quality and high-efficiency welding processes. There is an urgent need for a full penetration welding technology that can achieve double-sided forming in a single-sided welding process, while reducing the spatial posture adjustment of the U-rib plate unit to improve production efficiency, reduce welding deformation, and improve the reliability of the welded joint. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method suitable for U-rib plate units.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows: a dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method suitable for U-rib plate units, comprising:

[0009] S1, placing the U-rib to be welded on the bridge deck, spot welding the weld where the outer side of the U-rib contacts the bridge deck, and preliminarily fixing the position of the U-rib on the bridge deck;

[0010] S2, reversely deforming the bridge deck so that the bridge deck bulges in the direction opposite to the direction of the U rib;

[0011] S3, using double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding to weld the welds at the contact between the U rib and the bridge deck to form full penetration welds. When the welding of the welds on both sides of the U rib is completed, full penetration welding of the U rib is achieved.

[0012] Furthermore, the spot welding adopts a single laser welding process, the laser power is 6000W to 8000W, and the welding angle is 30° to 60°.

[0013] Furthermore, during the dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding process, the laser beam is offset by 2 mm to 5 mm from the root of the outer side where the U-rib plate and the bridge deck meet, and the angle between the beam and the bridge deck is within 30°;

[0014] In the dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the laser power is 7kW to 9kW, and the welding speed is 1000mm / min to 1600mm / min.

[0015] Furthermore, in the dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the welding sequence is: firstly weld the middle rib of the U-rib plate unit, then weld the side ribs in sequence, and finally weld the outermost rib, that is, complete welding of the U-rib plate unit is achieved;

[0016] Furthermore, the spot welding weld penetration is 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the weld of the dual-beam bilateral synchronous laser arc hybrid welding is a full penetration weld.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding system suitable for U-rib plate units, comprising:

[0019] A fixing module is used to place the U-rib to be welded on the bridge deck, spot weld the weld where the outer side of the U-rib contacts the bridge deck, and preliminarily fix the position of the U-rib on the bridge deck;

[0020] An anti-deformation module is used to perform anti-deformation on the bridge deck so that the bridge deck bulges in the opposite direction of the direction where the U rib is located;

[0021] The welding module is used to weld the welds at the contact between the U rib and the bridge deck by dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding to form full penetration welds. When the welding of the welds on both sides of the U rib is completed, full penetration welding of the U rib is achieved.

[0022] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0023] First, the present invention solves the technical problem of achieving full penetration of U-rib single-sided single-pass double-sided forming by adopting the synergistic effect of high-power laser and electric arc, utilizing the penetration ability of high-power laser technology on the inner side of the U-rib and the bridging ability of electric arc on the outer side of the U-rib and the bridge deck;

[0024] The present invention adopts the technical means of high-power laser to guide the arc and match the appropriate arc spacing. The metal vapor generated during high-energy density laser welding can increase the arc current density and enhance the arc stability, so that the weld can be well formed in the horizontal welding posture.

[0025] The present invention performs welding in a horizontal welding posture without the need for a swinging frame in current automated welding, thereby saving space and device costs.

[0026] The present invention adopts dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding in a horizontal welding posture, and compared with traditional arc welding and single-side single-pass laser arc hybrid welding, its U-rib plate unit welding efficiency can be improved by 60% to 80%;

[0027] The present invention adopts double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding in the order of first welding the middle U rib and then welding the side U rib, which can effectively reduce the welding deformation of the U rib.

[0028] Second, the expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of the present invention after transformation are:

[0029] The dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method and system provided by the present invention have significant economic benefits and market value. By achieving a full penetration weld that can be formed on both sides in one single-sided welding, and without the need to swing the frame, the welding efficiency is greatly improved, which can significantly shorten the steel bridge manufacturing cycle, reduce labor costs and equipment space. Since the heat input is reduced during the welding process, the welding deformation is effectively controlled, reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent correction processes. In addition, the system has a high degree of automation, which can reduce dependence on workers' welding experience and improve the consistency of weld quality. Combined with the high efficiency of laser and arc hybrid welding technology, this technology has broad market prospects in the manufacture and repair of bridge steel structures and other large-scale steel structure applications, and can effectively improve the overall production level of the industry and bring considerable commercial value. The technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gaps in the industry at home and abroad:

[0030] The traditional U-rib welding process is difficult to achieve a full penetration welding effect of single-sided welding and double-sided forming in one go, and the industry lacks the corresponding high-efficiency welding technology to meet the strict requirements of modern bridges for the quality of U-rib welds. The dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method of the present invention fills this technical gap by innovatively combining laser and arc welding technology to achieve double-sided welding at the same time. By reducing the heat input and welding deformation during the welding process and improving the fatigue strength of the welded joint, the welding quality and production efficiency of the U-rib plate unit are significantly improved. In addition, the system can adapt to complex bridge manufacturing environments and reduce dependence on traditional rocking frames. It has important innovative significance and has promoted the development of bridge welding technology at home and abroad.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention solves a technical problem that people have been eager to solve but have never been successful: for a long time, the welding of U-rib plate units has been facing technical problems such as insufficient weld penetration, large welding deformation, and low welding efficiency. Although the existing process has improved the quality of welds to a certain extent through multi-pass welding, it has never been able to achieve a full penetration effect of single-sided welding and double-sided forming. The present invention has successfully broken through this dilemma by innovatively adopting dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding technology, achieving a double-sided forming and full penetration welding effect in a single welding process, solving the problems of low welding efficiency and excessive welding deformation that have long plagued the industry, and marking a major breakthrough in a technical problem in the industry.

[0032] Whether the technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical prejudice: In the field of U-rib welding, traditional welding technology believes that multi-pass welding and spatial posture adjustment are the only way to complete the whole process welding and ensure the quality of welds and full penetration effect. However, this method has many disadvantages such as low welding efficiency and large welding deformation. The present invention breaks this traditional concept. By adopting dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc composite welding technology, it achieves the full penetration welding effect of single-sided welding and double-sided forming, reducing welding deformation and equipment space occupancy. This technological innovation not only overcomes the limitations of traditional welding processes, but also provides a more efficient and reliable solution for the bridge manufacturing industry, effectively addresses the prejudices and shortcomings in traditional technologies, and promotes the further development of welding technology.

[0033] Third, the dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to the U-rib plate unit of the present invention solves several problems existing in the traditional U-rib plate welding technology, such as large welding deformation, uneven weld, low welding efficiency, etc., by combining the technical advantages of laser welding and arc welding, and has achieved significant technical progress. The following is a detailed description from three aspects: parameters, technical problems and technical progress.

[0034] 1) Parameters of the present invention:

[0035] Laser power: In the spot welding process in step S2, a single laser welding process is used, the laser power is 6000W to 8000W, and the welding angle is 30° to 60°, which ensures the stability and reliability of the initial fixation of the U rib and the bridge deck. In the dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the laser power is set to 7kW to 9kW, and the welding speed is 1000mm / min to 1600mm / min. This parameter combination ensures that the welding process can ensure sufficient welding depth and take into account the welding speed, greatly improving the welding efficiency.

[0036] Beam offset: During welding, the laser beam is offset by 2mm to 5mm relative to the outer root of the intersection of the U-rib and the bridge deck, and the angle between the beam and the bridge deck is controlled within 30°, ensuring the accuracy of the weld and the formation of a full penetration weld.

[0037] Weld parameters: The penetration depth of the weld is 4mm to 6mm in the spot welding stage, which ensures the initial fixation strength of the weld. In the composite welding stage, the weld is a full penetration weld, which ensures the complete fusion of the U rib and the bridge deck.

[0038] 2) Technical problems solved:

[0039] Welding deformation problem: In the traditional U-rib plate welding process, the welding process is prone to produce large thermal deformation, and the workload of post-welding correction is large. The process used in the present invention produces small welding deformation and the workload of post-welding correction is small.

[0040] Welding efficiency problem: The traditional single-sided welding method can usually only complete one-side welding at a time and requires multiple welding passes, and the workpiece position needs to be adjusted once, resulting in low welding efficiency. The present invention uses dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding technology to complete the welding of both sides of the weld at one time, avoiding the step of adjusting the workpiece position and greatly improving the welding efficiency.

[0041] Weld quality issues: Traditional welding methods easily lead to uneven weld structure, affecting welding strength. The present invention adopts dual-beam synchronous welding technology to ensure relatively uniform weld structure, and reduces heat input through composite welding technology, reduces the range of high-level residual stress, and significantly improves weld quality.

[0042] 3) Significant technological progress achieved:

[0043] Improved welding efficiency and quality: Through dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the present invention significantly improves welding efficiency, reduces welding time, and ensures the quality and precision of the weld. Compared with traditional single-beam or single-sided welding methods, dual-sided synchronous welding can complete the welds on both sides at one time, greatly improving production efficiency.

[0044] Reduced welding deformation: Through the double-sided composite sequential welding technology, the present invention effectively overcomes the problem of large welding deformation of the U-rib plate unit caused by the thermal stress generated during the welding process, so that the welded components have higher dimensional accuracy and stability.

[0045] Improved stability and controllability of welding process: The present invention precisely controls parameters such as laser power, welding angle and beam offset, so that the entire welding process has better controllability, the welding quality is more stable, and a high-strength and consistent weld can be formed.

[0046] The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method proposed in the present invention solves the problems of large welding deformation, low welding efficiency and poor weld quality existing in traditional welding technology by optimizing welding process parameters, and realizes precise control of full penetration welds. This method has significant technical progress and is particularly suitable for high-quality welding of U-rib plate units, and is widely used in the welding and manufacturing of large structural parts such as bridge engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to a U-rib plate unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of a dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding system applicable to a U-rib plate unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a U-rib groove constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention and placed on a bridge deck;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the U-rib and bridge deck groove structure constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of flat angle welding of a special internal welding machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the laser arc hybrid welding principle constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram of a laser arc hybrid welding joint;

[0053] Figure 7 The metallographic phase diagrams of the single-sided full-penetration macroscopic corrosion of the bridge steel Q345qD U rib provided by the embodiments of the present invention, wherein (a) is the metallographic phase diagram of Embodiment 1, (b) is the metallographic phase diagram of Embodiment 2, and (c) is the metallographic phase diagram of Embodiment 3;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a traditional multi-pass arc welding effect diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9 This is a rendering of the double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding (U-rib without groove) provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 This is a rendering of the effect of double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding (U-rib 10° groove) provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] In the figure: 1. U-rib; 2. Bridge deck; 3. Horizontal tire frame; 4. Gantry-type dual-beam laser arc hybrid welding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, a dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to a U-rib plate unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1, placing the U-rib to be welded on the bridge deck, spot welding the weld where the outer side of the U-rib contacts the bridge deck, and preliminarily fixing the position of the U-rib on the bridge deck;

[0061] S2, reversely deforming the bridge deck so that the bridge deck bulges in the direction opposite to the direction of the U rib;

[0062] S3, using double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding to weld the welds at the contact between the U rib and the bridge deck to form full penetration welds. When the welding of the welds on both sides of the U rib is completed, full penetration welding of the U rib is achieved.

[0063] The dual-beam, dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method is mainly aimed at the welding problem of U-rib plates and bridge decks, aiming to improve welding efficiency and weld quality.

[0064] 1. Initial fixation and position adjustment

[0065] First, the U-rib to be welded is precisely placed on the bridge deck, ensuring that the weld position where the outer side of the U-rib contacts the bridge deck is aligned. Preliminary fixation is performed at the weld by spot welding to ensure that the U-rib does not move or misalign during the welding process. The purpose of spot welding is to stabilize the U-rib on the bridge deck before welding, thereby providing a basis for subsequent precise welding.

[0066] 2. Bridge deck anti-deformation operation

[0067] During the welding process, in order to prevent the bridge deck from being deformed due to welding thermal stress, an anti-deformation process is used. By appropriately convexing the bridge deck in the direction opposite to the direction of the U-rib plate, it is restored to a straight state due to thermal stress during the welding process. This anti-deformation operation is to offset the deformation caused by the welding process and try to ensure that the bridge deck maintains an ideal geometric shape after welding.

[0068] 3. Double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding

[0069] In the actual welding process, the dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding technology is used, and two laser beams are used to synchronously weld the welds on both sides of the U-rib plate. The laser and arc hybrid welding technology combines the high energy density of the laser with the stable heating effect of the arc, and can achieve deep penetration of the welding at a higher speed. At the same time, the dual-sided synchronous welding ensures that the welds on both sides of the U-rib are carried out simultaneously, avoiding the uneven thermal stress caused by single-sided welding, which in turn causes the problem of asymmetric structural deformation.

[0070] 4. Full penetration welding effect

[0071] Through this dual-beam, dual-side synchronous welding method, the weld at the contact between the U-rib plate and the bridge deck can achieve full penetration welding, ensuring the strength and quality of the weld. Full penetration welds not only enhance the connection strength between the U-rib and the bridge deck, but also can withstand greater loads and are more conducive to extending the service life of the structure.

[0072] The spot welding provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a single laser welding process, the laser power is 6000W to 8000W, and the welding angle is 30° to 60°.

[0073] In the dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding process provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the laser beam is offset by 2 mm to 5 mm from the root of the outer side where the U-rib plate and the bridge deck meet, and the angle between the beam and the bridge deck is within 30°;

[0074] In the dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the laser power is 7kW to 9kW, and the welding speed is 1000mm / min to 1600mm / min.

[0075] In the dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the welding sequence is: firstly weld the middle rib of the U-rib plate unit, then weld the side ribs in sequence, and finally weld the outermost rib;

[0076] The spot welding provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a weld penetration depth of 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0077] The weld of the dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a full penetration weld.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, a dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding system suitable for a U-rib plate unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0079] A fixing module is used to place the U-rib to be welded on the bridge deck, spot weld the weld where the outer side of the U-rib contacts the bridge deck, and preliminarily fix the position of the U-rib on the bridge deck;

[0080] The anti-deformation module is used to perform anti-deformation on the bridge deck so that the bridge deck bulges in the opposite direction of the U-rib, and the maximum vertical deformation of the center is 20-40 mm;

[0081] The welding module is used to weld the welds at the contact between the U rib and the bridge deck by dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding to form full penetration welds. When the welding of the welds on both sides of the U rib is completed, full penetration welding of the U rib is achieved.

[0082] The present invention is specifically implemented:

[0083] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, a full penetration welding method of a U-rib plate unit joint based on laser arc hybrid welding, the welding steps include:

[0084] (1) Bevel the two long sides of the U-rib by milling the edges with a bevel angle of 0° to 20°, and then press to obtain the U-rib;

[0085] (2) Place the U-rib on the bridge deck, and perform spot welding on the outside of the U-rib to weld the assembly positioning weld between the U-rib and the bridge deck. Single laser welding process is used at intervals, and argon-rich gas protection is used. The welding position is flat, and the gap between the U-rib and the bridge deck after positioning does not exceed 1.0 mm; the weld penetration depth is 4 mm to 6 mm;

[0086] (3) The bridge deck with U-rib tack welding completed is placed on a horizontal anti-deformation frame. The side of the bridge deck with the U-rib fixed is convex in the middle to perform anti-deformation. The maximum anti-deformation is within the range of 30 mm to 60 mm.

[0087] (4) A portal-type dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding device is used to weld the U-rib fillet weld to form a full penetration weld, using argon-rich gas protection;

[0088] (5) After welding the middle U rib, alternately weld the side U ribs in turn, and finally weld the outer U ribs, using 20% ​​CO2 and 80% Ar mixed gas protection to complete the welding;

[0089] (6) Performing flaw detection on the full penetration weld.

[0090] Preferably, the spot welding of the U-rib plate using a laser includes: adjusting the angle and pointing position of the laser beam so that the beam is aligned with the root of the outer side where the U-rib plate and the bridge deck meet. Welding parameters: laser power is 7000-8000W, and the angle between the beam and the bridge deck (called beam inclination) is 30°-60°. This spot welding method can ensure that the gap between the U-rib and the bridge deck is within the required range of 1mm, while enhancing the stability and rigidity of the U-rib component to be welded, ensuring the final welding quality.

[0091] Preferably, the full penetration welding of the outer fillet weld of the U-rib plate using the portal double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding device includes:

[0092] Adjust the laser beam angle and pointing position again, so that the beam offsets the root of the outer side of the intersection of the U-rib plate and the bridge deck (called beam offset) by 2mm to 4mm, and the beam inclination is within 30°. By properly matching the beam offset and the beam inclination, the full penetration of the U-rib joint can be ensured, and the quality of the U-rib joint can be improved.

[0093] Adjust the welding gun angle and pointing position so that the welding wire is aimed at the root of the outer side where the U rib plate and the bridge deck meet, and start the control switch to weld until all the U rib plates are welded to the device to be welded and formed in one piece;

[0094] Laser process parameters: laser power is 7-8kW, welding speed is 1000-1600mm / min. The process window is wide, making the laser hybrid welding process highly adaptable to a variety of U-rib welding, with good welding stability and reliable quality; at the same time, it improves production efficiency and reduces welding costs.

[0095] The arc process is gas metal arc welding, the selected welding material is solid wire ER 50-6, the process parameters are wire feeding speed of 10-16 m / min and wire spacing of 3-5 mm.

[0096] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0097] Example 1

[0098] like Figure 3 As shown, the two long sides of the U rib are profiled, the thickness of the U rib is 8 mm, the end of the U rib is directly milled flat without groove and positioned on the bridge deck to assemble into a U rib plate unit, and the gap between the U rib 1 and the bridge deck 2 is strictly controlled within 1.0 mm. The spot welding laser power is 6000 W, and the beam inclination angle is 40°.

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, the U-rib plate unit is fixed on the welding platform by a hydraulic clamping system.

[0100] like Figure 5As shown, the U-rib bridge deck is placed on a horizontal frame 3, and the middle part of one side of the bridge deck where the U rib is fixed is bulged upward for reverse deformation, and the bulged reverse deformation amount is 20 mm; a gantry-type double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc composite welding device 4 is used to weld the middle U rib, and then the side U ribs are welded alternately in turn, and finally the outer U ribs are welded.

[0101] Welding materials: welding wire is ER 506, diameter is 1.2mm; welding parameters: laser power is 8kW, welding speed is 1200mm / min, defocus is +0mm, beam offset is 1.5mm, and beam inclination is 10°.

[0102] like Figure 6 Schematic diagram of laser arc hybrid welding principle, 5 is an arc welding gun, and 6 is a light beam.

[0103] like Figure 7 As shown in (a), the Q345qD steel U-rib single-sided welding of the embodiment of the present invention is formed in one time with full penetration macroscopic corrosion metallographic diagram, with good welding quality and beautiful weld formation.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] like Figure 3 As shown, the two long sides of the U rib are milled to form a groove angle of 10°, and then pressed. The thickness of the U rib is 8mm, and it is positioned on the bridge deck and assembled into a U rib plate unit. The gap between the U rib 1 and the bridge deck 2 is strictly controlled within 1.0mm. The spot welding adopts a single laser welding process, the laser power is 7500W, and the beam inclination angle is 50°

[0106] like Figure 4 As shown, the U-rib plate unit is fixed on the welding platform by a hydraulic clamping system.

[0107] like Figure 5 As shown, the U-rib bridge deck is placed on the horizontal frame 2, and the middle part of one side of the bridge deck where the U rib is fixed is bulged upward for reverse deformation, and the bulged reverse deformation amount is 30mm; a gantry-type double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc composite welding device 6 is used to weld the outer side of the middle U rib, and then the side U ribs are welded alternately in turn, and finally the outer U ribs are welded.

[0108] Welding materials: welding wire is ER 50-6, diameter is 1.2mm; welding parameters: laser power is 7.5kW, welding speed is 1200mm / min, beam offset is 3.0mm, beam inclination is 20°, and defocus is +0mm.

[0109] like Figure 7 As shown in (b), the Q345qD steel U-rib single-sided welding of the embodiment of the present invention is formed in one time with full penetration macroscopic corrosion metallographic diagram, with good welding quality and beautiful weld formation.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] like Figure 3 As shown, the two long sides of the U rib are milled to form a groove angle of 20°, and then pressed. The thickness of the U rib is 8mm, and it is positioned on the bridge deck and assembled into a U rib plate unit. The gap between the U rib 1 and the bridge deck 2 is strictly controlled within 1.0mm. The spot welding adopts a single laser welding process, the laser power is 8000W, and the beam inclination angle is 50°

[0112] like Figure 4 As shown, the U-rib plate unit is fixed on the welding platform by a hydraulic clamping system.

[0113] like Figure 5 As shown, the U-rib bridge deck is placed on the horizontal frame 2, and the middle part of one side of the bridge deck where the U rib is fixed is bulged upward for reverse deformation, and the bulged reverse deformation amount is 40mm; a gantry-type double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc composite welding device 6 is used to weld the outer side of the middle U rib, and then the side U ribs are welded alternately in turn, and finally the outer U ribs are welded.

[0114] Welding materials: welding wire is ER 50-6, diameter is 1.2 mm; welding parameters: laser power is 7 kW, welding speed is 1200 mm / min, beam offset is 4.0 mm, beam inclination is 30°, and defocus is 0 mm.

[0115] like Figure 7 As shown in (c), the Q345qD steel U-rib single-sided welding of the embodiment of the present invention is formed in one time with full penetration macroscopic corrosion metallographic phase, the welding quality is good and the weld formation is beautiful.

[0116] The U-rib plate unit welding method of the present invention is applicable to U-ribs with grooves and also to the case where grooves are not opened.

[0117] In the present invention, the positioning welding and U-rib laser-arc composite process have a large weld penetration depth and a reasonable weld width, and the U-rib full penetration welding is achieved, meeting the quality requirements;

[0118] The welding process of the present invention is carried out on a horizontal anti-deformation tire frame, and there is no need to set up a swing stand, which saves costs;

[0119] The invention performs synchronous welding on both sides in the same direction, effectively controls welding deformation, and achieves good flatness of the plate unit after welding.

[0120] Application Example 1: Welding of U-rib plates and bridge decks in bridge structures

[0121] In the construction of large bridges, the welding of U-ribs and bridge decks is an important process step to ensure the strength and stability of the bridge. The traditional single-sided welding method is prone to welding deformation due to the concentration of thermal stress, which affects the geometry of the overall bridge structure and the welding quality.

[0122] The dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method enables efficient full penetration welding at the weld between the bridge U rib and the bridge deck. The bridge deck is anti-deformed during the welding process to offset the effects of thermal stress. Dual-sided synchronous welding ensures welding uniformity and reduces deformation, especially in large bridge steel structures. This method improves welding efficiency, weld quality and the bearing capacity of the overall bridge structure.

[0123] Technical effects:

[0124] Full penetration welding of the bridge U-rib and the bridge deck was achieved, ensuring structural strength.

[0125] Through anti-deformation treatment, the deformation caused by thermal stress is reduced and the welding accuracy is improved.

[0126] Improve welding speed and quality, suitable for batch welding of bridge steel structures.

[0127] Application Example 2: Welding of hull plates and ribs in shipbuilding

[0128] In the shipbuilding industry, the welding of hull plates and ribs is a key process in the shipbuilding process. The welding quality directly affects the strength and durability of the hull structure. Traditional welding methods are prone to cause hull deformation and weld defects due to the large thermal influence of the welding area.

[0129] The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding technology can be used to efficiently weld the joints between the hull plate and the rib plate. This technology allows the weld to be fully penetrated, and the welding angle is adjusted by rotating the platform during the welding process to ensure the precise alignment of each weld. The cooling device is also used during the welding process to reduce the impact of heat on the hull deformation and improve the welding quality.

[0130] Technical effects:

[0131] The welding strength at the joint between the hull plate and the ribs is improved, thus enhancing the overall strength of the hull.

[0132] Double-sided simultaneous welding reduces the deformation of the hull structure during the welding process and reduces subsequent finishing work.

[0133] The welding speed is fast, which is suitable for mass production of large ships and improves shipbuilding efficiency.

[0134] 1. Specific application fields or related products of the present invention.

[0135] 1.Steel bridge structure and bridge engineering

[0136] The primary application area of ​​the present invention is the orthotropic steel bridge deck in modern bridge engineering, especially the U-rib plate unit welding. This technical solution solves the problems of poor fatigue performance of the weld between the U-rib plate and the bridge deck, large welding deformation, and low double-sided welding efficiency, and significantly improves the full penetration rate and fatigue resistance of the welded joint. Through the dual-beam synchronous welding technology, the double-sided forming of the U rib and the bridge deck in the bridge steel structure is realized, which effectively improves the service life and safety of the bridge, and is particularly suitable for the construction and maintenance of large-span bridges.

[0137] 2. Shipbuilding and marine engineering

[0138] In shipbuilding and marine engineering, welding of a large number of thick-walled steel plates is also a technical difficulty, especially when the corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and structural strength of the structure are extremely high. The welding system of this invention can also be used for full penetration welding of key structural components such as large hull structures and offshore platforms, ensuring high-strength and high-reliability welding quality, reducing welding deformation and heat input, thereby improving the service life and safety of the structure and meeting the requirements of the harsh marine environment.

[0139] 2. Relevant evidence of the technical effects obtained by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0140] 1. Welding penetration rate and weld quality

[0141] The welding effects of the conventional welding method and the dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method of the present invention were compared experimentally. The results show that the technology of the present invention significantly improves the penetration rate of the U-rib plate unit weld. The conventional single-sided welding method can usually only achieve an 80% penetration rate, while the present invention achieves full penetration on both sides in a single welding, with a penetration rate of 100%. The experimental data are shown in Table 1, which compares the penetration depth of the U-rib plate weld under different welding processes:

[0142] Welding process Penetration depth (mm) Penetration rate Conventional multi-pass arc welding 6.4 80%

[0143] Double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding 8.0 100%

[0144] 2. Comparison of welding deformation

[0145] In order to verify the effect of the welding technology of the present invention in reducing welding deformation, the experiment used a laser scanner to compare and measure the welding deformation of the U-rib plate unit under different welding processes. The experimental results show that the maximum welding deformation of the U-rib plate using the traditional welding method is 34.2mm, while after using the technology of the present invention, the maximum deformation is reduced to 1.8mm. Table 2 lists the welding deformation under different processes:

[0146]

[0147] Figure 8 The deformation cloud diagram after welding is displayed, and the remarkable advantage of the method of the present invention in suppressing welding deformation can be intuitively seen.

[0148] Figure 8 This is the post-weld deformation cloud diagram of traditional multi-pass arc welding.

[0149] Fig. 9 This is the post-weld deformation cloud diagram of double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding (U rib without groove).

[0150] Fig.10 This is the post-weld deformation cloud diagram of double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding (U-rib 10° groove).

[0151] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method suitable for U-rib plate units, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, placing the U-rib to be welded on the bridge deck, spot welding the weld where the outer side of the U-rib contacts the bridge deck, and preliminarily fixing the position of the U-rib on the bridge deck; S2, reversely deforming the bridge deck so that the bridge deck bulges in the direction opposite to the direction of the U rib; S3, using double-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding to weld the welds at the contact between the U rib and the bridge deck to form full penetration welds. When the welding of the welds on both sides of the U rib is completed, full penetration welding of the U rib is achieved.

2. The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to U-rib plate units as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spot welding adopts a single laser welding process, the laser power is 6000W to 8000W, and the welding angle is 30° to 60°.

3. The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to U-rib plate units as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During the dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding process, the laser beam is offset by 2 mm to 5 mm from the root of the outer side where the U-rib plate and the bridge deck meet, and the angle between the beam and the bridge deck is within 30°; In the dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the laser power is 7kW to 9kW, and the welding speed is 1000mm / min to 1600mm / min.

4. The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to U-rib plate units as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the welding sequence is: firstly weld the middle rib of the U-rib plate unit, then weld the side ribs in sequence, and finally weld the outermost rib; In the dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding, the angle between the bridge deck and the horizontal plane is 35° to 45°.

5. The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to U-rib plate units as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spot welding weld penetration is 4 mm to 6 mm.

6. The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding method applicable to U-rib plate units as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The weld of the dual-beam bilateral synchronous laser arc hybrid welding is a full penetration weld.

7. A dual-beam double-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding system suitable for U-rib plate units implementing the welding method according to any one of claims 16, characterized in that: The dual-beam dual-side synchronous laser arc hybrid welding system suitable for U-rib plate units includes: A fixing module is used to place the U-rib to be welded on the bridge deck, spot weld the weld where the outer side of the U-rib contacts the bridge deck, and preliminarily fix the position of the U-rib on the bridge deck; An anti-deformation module is used to perform anti-deformation on the bridge deck so that the bridge deck bulges in the opposite direction of the direction where the U rib is located; The welding module is used to weld the welds at the contact between the U rib and the bridge deck by dual-beam dual-sided synchronous laser arc hybrid welding to form full penetration welds. When the welding of the welds on both sides of the U rib is completed, full penetration welding of the U rib is achieved.

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