An indoor intelligent pile-bearing type embankment grouting simulation device and simulation method

Abstract

The application discloses an indoor intelligent pile-bearing embankment grouting simulation device, an intelligent control system is connected with a slurry preparation system and a grouting system, efficient connection and intelligent management of each equipment in the slurry preparation system and the grouting system can be realized, a cement bin of the slurry preparation system is provided with powdery cementitious materials, the powdery cementitious materials are pumped into the grouting system after being stirred with water, a pile body, a soft soil foundation, embankment filling and a monitoring element of the grouting system are all located in a model groove, a plurality of pile bodies are uniformly arranged in the model groove, embankment filling is arranged on top of the pile bodies, the soft soil foundation is filled between adjacent pile bodies, a bottom of a grouting pipeline is located in the soft soil foundation, the monitoring element is arranged in the embankment filling, the grouting system is grouted after a soil arching effect is formed in the model groove, the powdery cementitious materials are re-determined, and the next group of tests is carried out. The device integrates the intelligent control system, the slurry preparation system and the grouting system, and can accurately simulate influence laws of different grouting processes on the soil arching effect of the pile-bearing embankment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the treatment of soft soil foundations for highways, and in particular to an indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device and simulation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of engineering construction, it is inevitable to encounter adverse geological conditions such as silt and silty clay. These special soil types pose a major challenge to highway construction. In order to ensure the quality of highway engineering and long-term operational safety, scientific and effective foundation treatment technologies must be adopted during construction, such as traditional methods such as replacement and dynamic compaction, and advanced technologies such as chemical modification and vacuum preloading may also be involved. However, all of the above construction methods have problems such as high construction costs and great construction difficulty.

[0003] Pile foundations, a classic soft soil foundation treatment technique, involve laying rigid or semi-rigid piles in soft soil to support embankment loads. In this structure, due to the difference in stiffness between the piles and the soil between them, differential settlement occurs under the load of the overlying embankment. This leads to shear stress in the embankment fill, forming a stress redistribution phenomenon known as "soil arching," where most of the embankment load is transferred to the piles, while the load borne by the soil between the piles is relatively small, effectively controlling the overall embankment settlement. However, in actual engineering projects, pile-supported embankments often face complex environmental factors, such as rising groundwater levels, continuous rainfall, and train dynamic loads. These factors can significantly exacerbate the settlement difference between the pile foundation and the surrounding soil, threatening traffic safety. Based on the aforementioned embankment problems, grouting technology can be used to reinforce areas with significant settlement in soft soil foundations, effectively controlling pavement settlement and unevenness.

[0004] In field tests, due to the lack of corresponding test conditions and the inability to control the required test variables, it is difficult to obtain relatively complete research results. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a pile-supported embankment grouting simulation test device to meet the needs of experimental research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing an indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device and method. This indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device and method integrates an intelligent control system, a grouting system and a grouting system, and can accurately simulate the influence of different grouting processes on the soil arching effect of pile-supported embankments.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device includes an intelligent control system, a grout preparation system, and a grouting system. The intelligent control system is signal-connected to the grout preparation system and the grouting system, enabling efficient connection and intelligent management of each device in both systems. The grout preparation system includes a cement silo, a powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline, an electric fan, a screw conveyor, a mixer, a water tank, and a high-pressure pump. The cement silo contains powdered cementitious material. The powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline is horizontally arranged and connected to the bottom of the cement silo. The electric fan is connected to the left end of the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline. The screw conveyor is connected to the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline and positioned below it. The mixer is positioned to the right of the screw conveyor and connected to it. The system includes a pumping unit; a water tank located above the mixer and connected to it via an outlet pipe; a high-pressure pump connected to the mixer to transport the slurry to the grouting system; the grouting system comprises a slurry pumping pipe, an injection pipe, a model tank, piles, soft soil foundation, embankment fill, and monitoring components, all located within the model tank; the slurry pumping pipe connected to the high-pressure pump; the injection pipe connected below the slurry pumping pipe; the model tank located below the slurry pumping pipe and connected to the injection pipe; several piles evenly distributed within the model tank; embankment fill placed on top of the piles; soft soil foundation filling between adjacent piles; the bottom of the injection pipe located within the soft soil foundation; and monitoring components placed within the embankment fill; a drain valve located at the bottom of the model tank.

[0008] Preferably, the intelligent control system includes a high-performance computer terminal, an industrial-grade network interface card, a smart meter, and multiple STEP expansion modules. The high-performance computer terminal, the industrial-grade network interface card, the smart meter, and the multiple STEP expansion modules establish a stable communication link through an RS485 bus. The multiple STEP expansion modules include valve STEP expansion modules, motor STEP expansion modules, sensor STEP expansion modules, and monitoring component STEP expansion modules. Each STEP expansion module uses the MODBUS protocol to achieve efficient connection and intelligent management of various devices in the slurry preparation system and the grouting system.

[0009] Preferably, there are multiple cement silos, each containing different types of powdered cementitious materials. Pneumatic gate valves are installed at both ends of the connection between the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline and each cement silo. Pneumatic gate valves are also installed at the connection between the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline and the screw conveyor. An electric butterfly valve is installed at the bottom outlet of each cement silo. An electronic weighing scale is installed below each cement silo, with pneumatic gate valves on both sides of the electronic weighing scale. Circular notches are located on both sides of the electronic weighing scale, and their opening and closing status are controlled by the pneumatic gate valves at both ends of the cement silo connection. Multiple wind pollution particle monitoring devices are installed on the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the mixer includes a high-speed mixer and a flexible mixer; the high-speed mixer is connected to the water tank via a water outlet pipe and includes a mixer support, a mixing device, a discharge device, and a dust removal device; the mixer support is located on the ground; the mixing device is located inside the high-speed mixer and is driven by a mixing motor; the discharge device is located at the bottom of the high-speed mixer and is equipped with an electric ball valve; the dust removal device is located on the top cover of the high-speed mixer; the flexible mixer is connected to the high-speed mixer via a slurry conveying pipe, which is equipped with an electric ball valve; the bottom of the flexible mixer is equipped with a flexible mixer discharge device, which is also equipped with an electric ball valve; a stopwatch is located on the top of the flexible mixer; the flexible mixer is connected to a high-pressure pump.

[0011] Preferably, the water outlet pipe includes a first mist water outlet pipe, a second mist water outlet pipe, and a conventional water outlet pipe; each of the first mist water outlet pipe, the second mist water outlet pipe, and the conventional water outlet pipe is equipped with an electric ball valve; the first mist water outlet pipe, the second mist water outlet pipe, and the conventional water outlet pipe are all connected to the top of the mixer, and mist nozzles are provided at the water outlets of the first mist water outlet pipe and the second mist water outlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the slurry pumping pipeline is arranged from low to high on the left side and horizontally on the right side, and a pressure gauge is installed on the slurry pumping pipeline; a concrete pier is provided below the left side of the slurry pumping pipeline, and the slurry pumping pipeline is connected to the concrete pier by an arched fixing device; it also includes a transport pipeline support, which is set outside the model trough, below the right side of the slurry pumping pipeline, and is used to fix the grouting pipeline; the grouting pipeline is connected to the transport pipeline support by a pipeline fixing device, the grouting pipeline is connected to the model trough by a pipeline fixing device, and a flow meter is installed on the grouting pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the grouting pipeline includes, from top to bottom, an upper grout conveying pipeline, a middle grout conveying pipeline, and a bottom grouting pipeline; the top of the upper grout conveying pipeline is connected to the grout pumping pipeline, and the bottom is connected to the transport pipeline support through a pipeline fixing device; the top of the middle grout conveying pipeline is connected to the upper grout conveying pipeline, and the bottom is connected to the model trough through a pipeline fixing device; the top of the bottom grouting pipeline is connected to the middle grout conveying pipeline, and the bottom is located in the soft soil foundation; the bottom grouting pipeline is one or both of the following: a splitting grouting pipeline and a compaction grouting pipeline of different lengths.

[0014] Preferably, the monitoring components include multiple earth pressure cells and multi-point displacement gauges, which are evenly distributed along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the embankment fill.

[0015] Preferably, the pipe fixing device includes two concave cuboid iron blocks, with the concave parts of the two concave cuboid iron blocks facing each other to form a cylindrical through hole. The two concave cuboid iron blocks have through holes in both the transverse and longitudinal directions, and the two concave cuboid iron blocks are connected by bolts arranged in the transverse direction. Bolt holes are opened at the connection between the transport pipe support and the pipe fixing device, and the pipe fixing device is connected to the transport pipe support by bolts arranged in the longitudinal direction. Bolt holes are opened at the connection between the model trough and the pipe fixing device, and the pipe fixing device is connected to the model trough by bolts arranged in the longitudinal direction.

[0016] An indoor intelligent simulation method for grouting of pile-supported embankments includes the following steps:

[0017] The first step is to take samples and obtain parameters on-site: Samples of the embankment fill and soft soil foundation at the construction site are taken and measured to obtain relevant parameters. The second step is to construct a model trench: Piles, soft soil foundation, embankment fill, and monitoring components are placed in the model trench. The soft soil foundation is fully soaked in water and then poured into the model trench. The drainage valve is opened, and the embankment fill undergoes drainage and consolidation under its own weight, thus creating a soil arching effect. The third step is to mix the powdered cementitious material with water: The powdered cementitious material falling from the cement silo is blown by an electric fan to the screw conveyor. The screw conveyor transports the powdered cementitious material to the mixer. Water from the water tank is injected into the mixer to mix with the powdered cementitious material. The fourth step is to inject grout into the soft soil foundation in the model tank: the high-pressure pump is turned on to inject the grout from the mixer into the grouting pipe through the grout pumping pipe, and then into the soft soil foundation in the model tank. The fifth step is to clean the model tank, cement silo, pipes and mixer, re-determine the powdered cementitious material, and conduct the next set of tests. The intelligent control system realizes efficient connection and intelligent management of the above equipment.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Equipped with an advanced intelligent control system, the entire testing system can be monitored and managed in real time via computer terminals. This system significantly reduces human resource costs and effectively avoids a series of problems caused by manual operation, such as valve opening delays, untimely data acquisition, and the inability to detect and handle equipment failures in a timely manner. This intelligent management greatly improves the automation level of the testing process and the accuracy of data acquisition, thereby significantly enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0020] Equipped with multiple cement silos and electronic weighing scales, the device can study the effects of single or composite cementitious materials on grouting results. It also integrates advanced electric fans, pneumatic gate valves, and screw conveyors, which work together to achieve accurate metering and efficient transport of cementitious materials. This design not only significantly improves the reliability of test results and effectively avoids test deviations caused by metering errors, but also optimizes the material transport process and minimizes pollution to the surrounding air environment.

[0021] The lower part of the water tank is equipped with three water outlet systems with different functions, including two atomizing water outlet pipes and one conventional water outlet pipe. The ends of these water outlet pipes are precisely connected to the top of the high-speed mixer, forming a highly efficient hydration system. The combined use of gaseous and liquid water can significantly improve the hydration efficiency and uniformity of powdered cementitious materials, effectively avoiding experimental errors caused by insufficient hydration. In addition, a flexible mixer is configured on the right side of the high-speed mixer. This dual mixing system design fully considers the segregation and solidification problems that may occur during the long-term static setting of the slurry. The flexible mixer can effectively maintain the homogeneity and fluidity of the slurry through continuous low-speed mixing, ensuring the stability and representativeness of the samples during long-term testing.

[0022] This test setup is equipped with multiple pipe fixing devices, concrete piers, and transport pipe supports. This composite fixing scheme effectively suppresses pipe vibrations that may occur during high-pressure grouting by providing stable support at key nodes. This design not only significantly improves the structural stability of the test system but also minimizes the risk of pipe damage caused by vibration.

[0023] This experimental setup is equipped with two types of grouting pipes: a splitting grouting pipe and a compaction grouting pipe. Both are placed at different heights in the soft soil area at the bottom of the embankment, forming a multi-layered, all-round grouting network. This design aims to systematically study the influence of multiple key parameters on embankment performance, including but not limited to the selection of grouting method, grouting location, grouting parameters, and grouting materials.

[0024] The aforementioned experimental setup allows for in-depth analysis of several scientific questions: ① the formation and evolution of the soil arching effect within the embankment; ② the dynamic changes in the position of the isostatic surface; ③ the mechanism of soil shear strength variation; and ④ the diffusion radius of the grout and its influencing factors. This multivariate, multi-objective experimental design provides researchers with a comprehensive and in-depth research platform, helping to reveal the complex mechanisms of grouting technology in embankment reinforcement and providing important scientific evidence for related theoretical research and engineering practice. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slurry preparation system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting system of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splitting grouting pipe and the compaction grouting pipe in the model trench of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drain valve and tempered glass connected to the model groove of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting pipe connection structure of the grouting system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a front view of the monitoring component arrangement scheme of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a top view of the monitoring component arrangement scheme of the present invention.

[0034] These include: 1. Intelligent control system; 11. High-performance computer terminal; 12. Industrial-grade network interface card; 13. Smart meter; 14. Valve STEP expansion module; 15. Motor STEP expansion module; 16. Sensor STEP expansion module; 17. Monitoring component STEP expansion module; 18. RS485 bus;

[0035] 2. Slurry preparation system; 21. Cement silo; 211. Electric butterfly valve; 212. Electronic weighing scale;

[0036] 22. Pipeline for conveying powdered cementitious materials; 221. Pneumatic knife gate valve; 222. Wind pollution particulate monitoring equipment;

[0037] 23. Electric fan; 24. Screw conveyor;

[0038] 25. Mixer; 251. High-speed mixer; 2511. Mixer support; 2512. Mixing device; 2513. Mixing motor; 2514. High-speed mixer discharge device; 2515. Dust removal device; 252. Flexible mixer; 2521. Slurry conveying pipeline; 2522. Flexible mixer discharge device; 2523. Stopwatch;

[0039] 26. Water tank; 261. First mist outlet pipe; 262. Second mist outlet pipe; 263. Regular outlet pipe;

[0040] 27. High-pressure pump; 28. Electric ball valve;

[0041] 3. Grouting system; 31. Grout pumping pipeline; 311. Pressure gauge; 312. Concrete pier; 313. Arch-shaped fixing device;

[0042] 32. Grouting pipe; 321. Flow meter; 322. Upper slurry conveying pipe; 323. Middle slurry conveying pipe; 324. Bottom grouting pipe; 3241. Fracture grouting pipe; 3242. Compaction grouting pipe;

[0043] 33. Model tank; 331. Drain valve; 332. Tempered glass;

[0044] 34. Pile body; 35. Soft soil foundation; 36. Embankment fill;

[0045] 37. Monitoring components; 371. Earth pressure cell; 372. Multi-point displacement gauge;

[0046] 38. Pipeline support; 39. Pipeline fixing device. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device includes an intelligent control system 1, a grout preparation system 2, and a grouting system 3.

[0049] The intelligent control system 1 is connected to the slurry preparation system 2 and the grouting system 3 via signal connections, enabling efficient connection, intelligent management, real-time remote monitoring, and precise control of each device in the slurry preparation system 2 and the grouting system 3. The intelligent control system 1, from top to bottom, includes a high-performance computer terminal 11, an industrial-grade network interface card 12, a smart meter 13, and multiple STEP expansion modules. The high-performance computer terminal 11, the industrial-grade network interface card 12, the smart meter 13, and the multiple STEP expansion modules all establish a stable communication link via an RS485 bus 18. The multiple STEP expansion modules include a valve STEP expansion module 14, a motor STEP expansion module 15, a sensor STEP expansion module 16, and a monitoring element STEP expansion module 17. The core of the system adopts... The system incorporates an industrial-grade network interface card 12 and adopts a modular design. Each STEP expansion module uses the MODBUS protocol to achieve efficient connection and intelligent management of various devices in the slurry preparation system 2 and the grouting system 3. Specifically, the valve STEP expansion module 14 controls the electric butterfly valve 211, the pneumatic knife gate valve 221, and the electric ball valve 28; the motor STEP expansion module 15 controls the electric fan 23, the screw conveyor 24, the mixer 25, and the high-pressure pump 27; the sensor STEP expansion module 16 controls the electronic weighing scale 212, the wind pollution particle monitoring device 222, the stopwatch 2523, the pressure gauge 311, and the flow meter 321; and the monitoring element STEP expansion module 17 controls the earth pressure box 371 and the multi-point displacement gauge 372.

[0050] The slurry preparation system 2 includes a cement silo 21, a powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22, an electric fan 23, a screw conveyor 24, a mixer 25, a water tank 26, and a high-pressure pump 27.

[0051] The cement silo 21 contains powdered cementitious material; there are multiple cement silos 21, and each cement silo 21 contains different types of powdered cementitious material.

[0052] A powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22 is horizontally arranged and connected to the bottom of the cement silo 21. Pneumatic gate valves 221 are installed at both ends of the connection between the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22 and each cement silo 21. Pneumatic gate valves 221 are also installed at the connection between the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22 and the screw conveyor 24. An electric butterfly valve 211 is installed at the bottom outlet of each cement silo 21, controlling the discharge flow rate. An electronic weighing scale 212 is connected below the outlet of each cement silo 21. Pneumatic gate valves 221 are installed on both sides of the electronic weighing scale 212, and circular notches are provided on both sides of the electronic weighing scale 212. The powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22 is connected to these circular notches, and the opening and closing status and degree of the circular notches are controlled by the pneumatic gate valves 221 installed on the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22. When the equipment starts operating, the cementitious material inside the cement silo 21 is discharged into the electronic weighing scale 212 via the electric butterfly valve 211. At this time, the pneumatic knife gate valves 221 on both sides of the electronic weighing scale 212 are closed. When the reading of the electronic weighing scale 212 reaches the test quantity, the pneumatic knife gate valves 221 are opened, and the cementitious material inside the electronic weighing scale 212 is blown into the screw conveyor 24 by air force, thereby achieving precise management and efficient transportation of the material discharge. Multiple wind pollution particle monitoring devices 222 are installed on the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22 to monitor whether all the powdered cementitious material in the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22 has been conveyed to the screw conveyor 24.

[0053] The electric fan 23 is connected to the left end of the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline 22. The directional airflow generated by the electric fan 23 serves as the driving force, which can transport the powdered cementitious material at the bottom of the cement silo 21 to the downstream screw conveyor 24 in the form of a suspended flow. It also cooperates with each pneumatic knife gate valve 221 to achieve efficient conveying of single or compound powdered cementitious materials.

[0054] The screw conveyor 24 is connected to the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe 22 and is located below the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe 22; the screw conveyor 24 drives the powdered cementitious material into the mixer 25.

[0055] The mixer 25 is located on the right side of the screw conveyor 24 and is connected to the screw conveyor 24; the mixer 25 includes a high-speed mixer 251 and a flexible mixer 252.

[0056] The water tank 26 is located above the mixer 25 and is connected to the mixer 25 via a water outlet pipe. Specifically, the high-speed mixer 251 is connected to the screw conveyor 24, and the high-speed mixer 251 is connected to the water tank 26 via a water outlet pipe. The mixer includes a mixer support 2511, a mixing device 2512, a mixing motor 2513, a high-speed mixer discharge device 2514, and a dust removal device 2515. The mixer support 2511 is located on the ground. The mixing device 2512 is located inside the high-speed mixer 251 and is driven by the mixing motor 2513. The discharge device is located at the bottom of the high-speed mixer 251, and the high-speed mixer discharge device 2514 is equipped with an electric ball valve 28. The dust removal device 2515 is located on the top cover of the high-speed mixer 251.

[0057] Preferably, the water outlet pipe includes a first mist outlet pipe 261, a second mist outlet pipe 262, and a conventional outlet pipe 263; each of the first mist outlet pipe 261, the second mist outlet pipe 262, and the conventional outlet pipe 263 is equipped with an electric ball valve 28; the ends of the first mist outlet pipe 261, the second mist outlet pipe 262, and the conventional outlet pipe 263 are all connected to the top of the high-speed mixer 251; the outlets of the first mist outlet pipe 261 and the second mist outlet pipe 262 are equipped with mist nozzles; the synergistic effect of gaseous water and liquid water ensures that the cementitious material inside the high-speed mixer 251 is completely hydrated; the combined use of gaseous water and liquid water can significantly improve the hydration efficiency and uniformity of the powdered cementitious material, effectively avoiding experimental errors caused by insufficient hydration.

[0058] High-pressure pump 27 is connected to mixer 25 and is used to transport the slurry in mixer 25 to grouting system 3. Specifically, flexible mixer 252 is connected to high-speed mixer 251 through slurry delivery pipe 2521 and is arranged to the right of high-speed mixer 251. The mixing speed of flexible mixer 252 is lower than that of high-speed mixer 251, but the mixing time is much longer. Through continuous low-speed mixing, flexible mixer 252 can effectively maintain the homogeneity and fluidity of slurry, ensuring the stability and representativeness of samples during long-term testing. Electric ball valve 28 is provided on slurry delivery pipe 2521; flexible mixer 252 has a flexible mixer discharge device 2522 at the bottom, and electric ball valve 28 is provided on the flexible mixer discharge device 2522; stopwatch 2523 is provided on top of flexible mixer 252; flexible mixer 252 is connected to high-pressure pump 27, which is used to pump the uniformly mixed slurry of flexible mixer 252 into mold tank 33.

[0059] The grouting system 3 includes a grout pumping pipe 31, a grouting pipe 32, a model trench 33, a pile body 34, a soft soil foundation 35, an embankment fill 36, and a monitoring element 37. The pile body 34, the soft soil foundation 35, the embankment fill 36, and the monitoring element 37 are all located in the model trench 33. The grouting system 3 is used to analyze the change law of the soil arching effect of the pile-supported embankment before and after grouting.

[0060] The slurry pumping pipeline 31 is connected to the high-pressure pump 27. The left side of the slurry pumping pipeline 31 is laid out from low to high, and the right side is laid out horizontally. A pressure gauge 311 is installed on the slurry pumping pipeline 31. The intelligent control system 1 can adjust the grouting pressure in real time according to the pressure gauge 311. Concrete piers 312 are provided on the lower left side of the slurry pumping pipeline 31, and are arranged in a stepped manner. Each concrete pier 312 has a circular groove on the top for precise positioning and placement of the pipeline. To further improve the stability and reliability of the system, the slurry pumping pipeline 31 and the concrete piers 312 are connected by an arched fixing device 313, and the arched fixing device 313 is anchored to the concrete piers 312 by high-strength bolts, forming an integrated rigid support system.

[0061] The grouting pipe 32 is connected below the grout pumping pipe 31. It also includes a transport pipe support 38 made of stainless steel, which is located outside the model trough 33, below and to the right of the grout pumping pipe 31, for fixing the grouting pipe 32. The bottom of the transport pipe support 38 is anchored to the ground with bolts to prevent damage to the pipe from the large vibrations generated when the high-pressure pump 27 is grouting. The grouting pipe 32 is connected to the transport pipe support 38 via a pipe fixing device 39, and the grouting pipe 32 is connected to the model trough 33 via the pipe fixing device 39. A flow meter 321 is installed on the grouting pipe 32, and the intelligent control system 1 can adjust the grouting flow rate in real time according to the flow meter 321.

[0062] The grouting pipe 32, from top to bottom, includes an upper grout conveying pipe 322, a middle grout conveying pipe 323, and a bottom grouting pipe 324. The upper grout conveying pipe 322 is threadedly connected to the grout pumping pipe 31 at its top and connected to the transport pipe support 38 at its bottom via a pipe fixing device 39. The middle grout conveying pipe 323 is threadedly connected to the upper grout conveying pipe 322 at its top and connected to the model groove 33 at its bottom via the pipe fixing device 39. The middle grout conveying pipe 323 includes a pipe and a pipe end connection device. The pipe end connection device has an internal thread, and the lower part of the pipe has an external thread, used for anchoring and connecting the upper grout conveying pipe 322 and the bottom grouting pipe 324. The bottom grouting pipe 324 is threadedly connected to the middle grout conveying pipe 323 at its top, and its bottom is located in the soft soil foundation 35. The bottom grouting pipe 324 is one or both of the following: a splitting grouting pipe 3241 and a compaction grouting pipe 3242 of different lengths. During the grouting process, splitting the grouting pipe 3241 allows the grout to apply additional compressive stress to the surrounding strata at the pipe opening, causing shear cracks in the soil. The grout then permeates along these cracks from areas of lower soil strength to areas of higher strength, ultimately forming a network or skeleton-like consolidated structure within the soil. In contrast, the grout entering the compaction grouting pipe 3242 forms a grout pocket at the grouting point. Through grout diffusion, it applies compressive force to the surrounding soil, thereby completely replacing the original soil within the grouting area. This experimental setup allows for comparative analysis of the effects of two different grouting methods on the reinforcement of soft clay, the extent of the soil arching effect within the embankment, and the differential settlement between the pile and the soil. Furthermore, by adjusting the length of the grouting pipe 324, the influence of different grouting depths on the soil arching effect of pile-supported embankments can be further explored.

[0063] The pipe fixing device 39 includes two concave cuboid iron blocks. The concave parts of the two concave cuboid iron blocks are arranged opposite each other to form a cylindrical through hole for the pipe to pass through. The two concave cuboid iron blocks have through holes in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. The two concave cuboid iron blocks are connected by bolts arranged in the transverse direction to clamp the grouting pipe 32. The connection between the transport pipe support 38 and the pipe fixing device 39 is provided with bolt holes and pipe holes. The pipe fixing device 39 and the transport pipe support 38 are connected by bolts arranged in the longitudinal direction. The pipe holes allow the grouting pipe 32 to pass through. The connection between the model groove 33 and the pipe fixing device 39 is provided with bolt holes and pipe holes. The pipe fixing device 39 and the model groove 33 are connected by bolts arranged in the longitudinal direction. The pipe holes allow the grouting pipe 32 to pass through.

[0064] The model trough 33 is located below the slurry pumping pipe 31 and is connected to the grouting pipe 32. Several piles 34 are evenly distributed within the model trough 33. Embankment fill 36 is placed on top of each pile 34, and soft soil foundation 35 is filled between adjacent piles 34. The bottom of the grouting pipe 32 is located within the soft soil foundation 35. Monitoring elements 37 are installed within the embankment fill 36. The monitoring elements 37 include multiple earth pressure cells 371 and multi-point displacement gauges 372, which are evenly distributed along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the embankment fill 36 to monitor the stress and deformation of the embankment fill 36 before and after grouting within the model trough 33. A tempered glass panel 332 is installed at the front of the model trough 33 to observe the settlement of the embankment fill 36. A drainage valve 331 is installed at the bottom of the model trough 33 to drain and consolidate the embankment fill 36 under its own weight.

[0065] An indoor intelligent embankment grouting simulation method includes the following steps:

[0066] The first step was to take samples and obtain parameters on-site: Samples were taken from the embankment fill (36) and soft soil foundation (35) at the construction site, and relevant parameters were measured. Samples were also taken from the embankment fill (36) and the soft soil beneath the embankment (soft soil foundation 35). After collection, the soft soil beneath the embankment was dried and crushed to ensure the authenticity of the tests. Particle size distribution, optimum moisture content, maximum and minimum dry density, and direct shear tests were conducted on the embankment fill (36) to obtain parameters such as particle size distribution, optimum moisture content, maximum and minimum dry density, and shear strength. Particle size distribution, liquid limit and plastic limit tests, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and direct shear tests were conducted on the soft soil beneath the embankment to obtain parameters such as particle size distribution, liquid limit and plastic limit indices, optimum moisture content, maximum and minimum dry density, internal friction angle, and cohesion.

[0067] The second step is to construct the model tank 33: Select a typical area of ​​the construction site (e.g., the centerline of the road) and construct the model tank 33 at a 1:1 scale. Install a tempered glass panel 332 directly in front of the model tank 33 to observe the settlement of the embankment. Place the piles 34, soft soil foundation 35, embankment fill 36, and monitoring components 37 inside the model tank 33. After the model tank 33 is constructed, use hoisting equipment to lift the concrete piles 34 to the designated positions inside the model tank 33. The pile dimensions, pile spacing, and arrangement must be consistent with the actual working conditions on site, and the distance between the pile edge and the model box must be controlled to be no less than 10 cm. The crushed soft soil is thoroughly mixed with a predetermined amount of water in mixer 25 to ensure that the soil is fully soaked in water. The soil is allowed to soak in water for a period of time to ensure that all pores in the soil are filled with water. The soil moisture content is measured using a soil moisture sensor. If the measured value is close to or reaches saturation, it indicates that the soil is completely saturated. After the soft soil foundation 35 is fully soaked in water, it is injected into the model tank 33. The total filling mass of the soft soil foundation 35 is determined according to the maximum dry density of the soft soil foundation 35. After filling to the level of the pile cap, the grouting pipe 32 is inserted into the soft soil area in the middle of the four piles. The insertion depth of each grouting pipe 32 is determined according to the scale value on the surface of the grouting pipe 32 and the filling depth of the soft soil foundation 35. The embankment fill 36 was filled into the model trench 33 using a layered filling method. The embankment fill 36 was then manually compacted in layers. A layer of colored sand was laid on one side of the plexiglass after each layer to facilitate observation of the settlement of the embankment fill 36. Earth pressure cells 371 were installed on the piles, at the center of four piles, and at the center of two piles. Multi-point displacement gauges 372 were installed on the piles and at the center of two piles to analyze the influence of different grouting parameters on the soil arching effect of the embankment fill 36. After filling, a cement-stabilized crushed stone base course was sequentially filled. After spreading, it was promptly leveled manually and then vibrated using a compactor. The drainage valve 331 was opened, allowing the embankment fill 36 to drain and consolidate under its own weight, thus generating the soil arching effect.

[0068] The third step involves mixing the powdered cementitious material with water: Based on the preliminary test plan, the type of powdered cementitious material to be used in the test is determined, and each type is blown into the corresponding cement silo 21 via a cement truck. According to the required type of powdered cementitious material, the electric butterfly valve 211 at the bottom of the cement silo 21 is opened via the high-performance computer terminal 11, allowing the powdered cementitious material inside the cement silo 21 to enter the electronic weighing scale 212. When the weighing scale reading reaches the test set amount, the electric fan 23 and pneumatic gate valve 221 are activated via the operating interface, using airflow to blow the powdered cementitious material into the screw conveyor 24. The powdered cementitious material from the cement silo 21 falls into the electronic weighing scale 212 and is then blown by the electric fan 23 to the screw conveyor 24. The screw conveyor 24 transports the powdered cementitious material to the mixer 25. The wind pollution particle monitoring equipment 222 determines whether the electric fan 23 has blown all the powdered cementitious material in the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe 22 into the screw conveyor 24. According to the preliminary test plan, the amount of water used for the test was determined and injected into the water tank 26. The water in the water tank 26 was injected into the mixer 25 and mixed with the powdered cementitious material. Preferably, the electric ball valves 28 of the screw conveyor 24 and the three water outlet pipes at the bottom of the water tank 26 were opened through the computer terminal to ensure that the powdered cementitious material, gaseous water and liquid water were fully mixed in the high-speed mixer 251. The high-speed mixer 251 is equipped with a dust removal device 2515 on the top to ensure that the powdered cementitious material will not pollute the air environment. The high-speed mixer 251 is equipped with a discharge device at the bottom to discharge all the slurry in the machine for easy maintenance when the high-speed mixer 251 malfunctions. After the slurry inside the high-speed mixer 251 is evenly mixed, the electric ball valve 28 is opened to transport the evenly mixed slurry to the flexible mixer 252 for secondary mixing. The main function of the flexible mixer 252 is to ensure that the slurry does not segregate or settle under different grouting time conditions and always maintains a uniform state.

[0069] The fourth step is grouting into the soft soil foundation 35 of the model trench 33: The high-pressure pump 27 is turned on to pump the grout from the mixer 25 into the grouting pipe 32 via the grout pumping pipe 31, and then into the soft soil foundation 35 within the model trench 33. Specifically, the high-pressure pump 27 is turned on to pump the grout from the flexible mixer 252 into the grouting pipe 32 inside the model trench 33. The effects of splitting grouting and compaction grouting on the soil arching effect and the occurrence of equal settlement surfaces of the pile-bearing embankment are analyzed using the earth pressure cell 371 and the multi-point displacement gauge 372. The influence of the soil shear strength and the grout diffusion radius was analyzed to determine the optimal grouting method applicable to pile-supported embankments. After determining the optimal grouting method, the model trench 33 was cleaned and the soil was refilled. After the soil filling was completed, the grouting pipe 32 was installed and the embankment was grouted again through the high-pressure pump 27. The grouting pressure, grouting flow rate and grouting time were adjusted according to the pressure gauge 311 and the flow meter 321 to analyze the influence of the above factors on the soil shear strength, grout diffusion radius and soil arching effect.

[0070] The fifth step is to clean the model tank 33, cement silo 21, various pipes and mixer 25, etc., and re-determine the type and amount of powdered cementitious material before conducting the next set of tests.

[0071] The intelligent control system 1 enables efficient connection and intelligent management of the aforementioned devices.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device, characterized in that: It includes an intelligent control system (1), a slurry preparation system (2), and a grouting system (3); The intelligent control system (1) is connected to the slurry preparation system (2) and the grouting system (3) by signal, which can realize efficient connection and intelligent management of each device in the slurry preparation system (2) and the grouting system (3); The slurry preparation system (2) includes a cement silo (21), a powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline (22), an electric fan (23), a screw conveyor (24), a mixer (25), a water tank (26), and a high-pressure pump (27); The cement silo (21) contains powdered cementitious material; The powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline (22) is laid horizontally and connected to the bottom of the cement silo (21); An electric fan (23) is connected to the left end of the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe (22); The screw conveyor (24) is connected to the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe (22) and is located below the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe (22); The mixer (25) is located on the right side of the screw conveyor (24) and is connected to the screw conveyor (24); The water tank (26) is located above the mixer (25) and is connected to the mixer (25) through a water outlet pipe; The high-pressure pump (27) is connected to the mixer (25) and is used to transport the slurry in the mixer (25) to the grouting system (3); The grouting system (3) includes a grout pumping pipeline (31), a grouting pipeline (32), a model trench (33), a pile body (34), a soft soil foundation (35), embankment fill (36), and a monitoring element (37). The pile body (34), the soft soil foundation (35), the embankment fill (36), and the monitoring element (37) are all located in the model trench (33). The slurry pumping pipeline (31) is connected to the high-pressure pump (27); The grouting pipe (32) is connected below the grout pumping pipe (31); The model trough (33) is set below the slurry pumping pipe (31). The model trough (33) is connected to the grouting pipe (32). Several piles (34) are evenly distributed in the model trough (33). Embankment fill (36) is placed on the top of the piles (34). Soft soil foundation (35) is filled between adjacent piles (34). The bottom of the grouting pipe (32) is located in the soft soil foundation (35). The monitoring element (37) is placed in the embankment fill (36). A drain valve (331) is provided at the bottom of the model trough (33). The mixer (25) includes a high-speed mixer (251) and a flexible mixer (252); The high-speed mixer (251) is connected to the water tank (26) through a water outlet pipe, and includes a mixer support (2511), a mixing device (2512), a high-speed mixer discharge device (2514), and a dust removal device (2515). The mixer support (2511) is located on the ground; the mixing device (2512) is located inside the high-speed mixer (251) and is driven by the mixing motor (2513); the discharge device is located at the bottom of the high-speed mixer (251), and the high-speed mixer discharge device (2514) is equipped with an electric ball valve (28); the dust removal device (2515) is located on the top cover of the high-speed mixer (251); The flexible mixer (252) is connected to the high-speed mixer (251) via a slurry conveying pipe (2521), and an electric ball valve (28) is installed on the slurry conveying pipe (2521); the flexible mixer (252) has a flexible mixer discharge device (2522) at its bottom, and an electric ball valve (28) is installed on the flexible mixer discharge device (2522); a stopwatch (2523) is installed on the top of the flexible mixer (252); the flexible mixer (252) is connected to a high-pressure pump (27); the water outlet pipe includes a first mist... The system includes a first mist outlet pipe (261), a second mist outlet pipe (262), and a conventional outlet pipe (263); each of the first mist outlet pipe (261), the second mist outlet pipe (262), and the conventional outlet pipe (263) is equipped with an electric ball valve (28); the first mist outlet pipe (261), the second mist outlet pipe (262), and the conventional outlet pipe (263) are all connected to the top of the mixer (25), and mist nozzles are provided at the outlets of the first mist outlet pipe (261) and the second mist outlet pipe (262).

2. The indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control system (1) includes a high-performance computer terminal (11), an industrial-grade network interface card (12), a smart meter (13) and multiple STEP expansion modules. The high-performance computer terminal (11), the industrial-grade network interface card (12), the smart meter (13) and multiple STEP expansion modules establish a stable communication link through an RS485 bus (18). Multiple STEP expansion modules include a valve STEP expansion module (14), a motor STEP expansion module (15), a sensor STEP expansion module (16), and a monitoring component STEP expansion module (17); each STEP expansion module achieves efficient connection and intelligent management of each device in the slurry preparation system (2) and the grouting system (3) through the MODBUS protocol.

3. The indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple cement silos (21), each cement silo (21) contains different kinds of powdered cementitious materials. Pneumatic knife gate valves (221) are installed at both ends of the connection between the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe (22) and each cement silo (21). Pneumatic knife gate valves (221) are also installed at the connection between the powdered cementitious material conveying pipe (22) and the screw conveyor (24). Each cement silo (21) is equipped with an electric butterfly valve (211) at the bottom discharge port, and each cement silo (21) is equipped with an electronic weighing scale (212) below it. The electronic weighing scale (212) is equipped with pneumatic knife gate valves (221) on both the left and right sides. The electronic weighing scale (212) is equipped with a circular notch on both the left and right sides. The opening and closing status and degree of the circular notch are controlled by the pneumatic knife gate valves (221) at both ends of the cement silo (21). Multiple wind pollution particle monitoring devices (222) are installed on the powdered cementitious material conveying pipeline (22).

4. The indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slurry pumping pipe (31) is laid out from low to high on the left side and horizontally on the right side. A pressure gauge (311) is installed on the slurry pumping pipe (31). A concrete pier (312) is installed below the left side of the slurry pumping pipe (31). The slurry pumping pipe (31) and the concrete pier (312) are connected by an arched fixing device (313). It also includes a transport pipe support (38). The transport pipe support (38) is set outside the model trough (33) and below the right side of the slurry pumping pipe (31). It is used to fix the grouting pipe (32). The grouting pipe (32) is connected to the transport pipe support (38) by a pipe fixing device (39). The grouting pipe (32) is connected to the model trough (33) by a pipe fixing device (39). A flow meter (321) is installed on the grouting pipe (32).

5. The indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grouting pipe (32) includes, from top to bottom, an upper grout conveying pipe (322), a middle grout conveying pipe (323), and a bottom grouting pipe (324); The top of the upper slurry conveying pipe (322) is connected to the slurry pumping pipe (31), and the bottom is connected to the transport pipe support (38) through the pipe fixing device (39); The top of the middle slurry conveying pipe (323) is connected to the upper slurry conveying pipe (322), and the bottom is connected to the mold trough (33) through the pipe fixing device (39); The bottom grouting pipe (324) is connected to the middle grout conveying pipe (323) at the top and located in the soft soil foundation (35) at the bottom. The bottom grouting pipe (324) is one or both of the split grouting pipe (3241) and compaction grouting pipe (3242) of different lengths.

6. The indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring components (37) include multiple earth pressure cells (371) and multiple displacement gauges (372), which are evenly distributed along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the embankment fill (36).

7. The indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pipe fixing device (39) includes two concave cuboid iron blocks. The concave parts of the two concave cuboid iron blocks are arranged opposite each other to form a cylindrical through hole. The two concave cuboid iron blocks have through holes in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. The two concave cuboid iron blocks are connected by bolts arranged in the transverse direction. The connection between the transport pipe support (38) and the pipe fixing device (39) is provided with bolt holes. The pipe fixing device (39) and the transport pipe support (38) are connected by bolts arranged in the longitudinal direction. The connection between the model groove (33) and the pipe fixing device (39) is provided with bolt holes. The pipe fixing device (39) and the model groove (33) are connected by bolts arranged in the longitudinal direction.

8. An indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation method, based on the indoor intelligent pile-supported embankment grouting simulation device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: The first step is to take samples and obtain parameters on site: take samples and measure relevant parameters on site for the embankment fill (36) and soft soil foundation (35) at the construction site; The second step is to make a model trough (33): place the pile (34), soft soil foundation (35), embankment fill (36) and monitoring components (37) in the model trough (33). After the soft soil foundation (35) is fully soaked in water, it is injected into the model trough (33). The drainage valve (331) is opened, and the embankment fill (36) is drained and consolidated under its own weight, thereby generating a soil arch effect. The third step is to mix the powdered cementitious material with water: the powdered cementitious material falling from the cement silo (21) is blown to the screw conveyor (24) by the electric fan (23), the screw conveyor (24) transports the powdered cementitious material to the mixer (25), and the water in the water tank (26) is injected into the mixer (25) to mix with the powdered cementitious material. The fourth step is to inject grout into the soft soil foundation (35) in the model tank (33): turn on the high pressure pump (27) to inject the grout in the mixer (25) into the grouting pipe (32) through the grout pumping pipe (31), and then inject it into the soft soil foundation (35) in the model tank (33); The fifth step is to clean the model tank (33), cement silo (21), pipes and mixer (25), re-determine the powdered cementitious material, and conduct the next set of tests.

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