Electronic device providing warning message through communication interface and method of operating same

Abstract

An electronic device and a method of operating the electronic device are provided. The electronic device comprises a host device and a first storage device. The host device includes a processor and a baseboard management controller, and the first storage device includes a first storage controller and a first microcontroller. The method comprises the following steps: executing a first monitoring operation by a baseboard management controller to obtain first state information; the baseboard management controller determines whether a first abnormal condition occurs or not based on the first state information; the substrate management controller provides a first warning message to a first microcontroller through a first communication interface on the basis of determining that the first abnormal condition occurs, and the first communication interface is a direct communication interface between the substrate management controller and the first microcontroller; and performing, by the first microcontroller, a first preventive measure based on the first warning message.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0073560 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on June 8, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a storage device, and more particularly, to an electronic device that provides a warning message through a communication interface and a method of operating the electronic device. Background Art

[0004] The memory device stores data in response to a write request and outputs the data stored therein in response to a read request. For example, the memory device may be classified into a volatile memory device that loses the data stored therein when power is turned off, such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) device or a static RAM (SRAM) device, or a nonvolatile memory device that retains the data stored therein even when power is turned off, such as a flash memory device, a phase change RAM (PRAM), a magnetic RAM (MRAM), or a resistive RAM (RRAM).

[0005] A non-volatile memory device may also be referred to as a storage device, and may store a large amount of data. The storage device may communicate with a host device. The host device and the storage device may exchange user data through in-band communication. In addition, the host device and the storage device may exchange hardware information such as temperature information, voltage information, current information, and humidity information. In the case of sending hardware information through in-band communication, the consumption of bandwidth may increase, and the transmission speed of user data may decrease. Therefore, a technology for effectively sending hardware information is needed. Summary of the invention

[0006] One or more example embodiments provide an electronic device providing a warning message through a communication interface and an operating method thereof.

[0007] According to one aspect of an example embodiment, a method for operating an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising a host device and a first storage device. The host device comprises a processor and a baseboard management controller, and the first storage device comprises a first storage controller and a first microcontroller. The method comprises: performing a first monitoring operation by the baseboard management controller to obtain first status information; determining by the baseboard management controller whether a first abnormal situation occurs based on the first status information; providing a first warning message to the first microcontroller through a first communication interface by the baseboard management controller based on determining that the first abnormal situation occurs, wherein the first communication interface is a direct communication interface between the baseboard management controller and the first microcontroller; and performing a first preventive measure by the first microcontroller based on the first warning message.

[0008] According to one aspect of an example embodiment, a method for operating an electronic device is provided, the electronic device including a host device and a storage device. The host device includes a processor and a baseboard management controller, and the storage device includes a storage controller and a microcontroller. The method includes: performing a first monitoring operation by the microcontroller to obtain first status information; determining by the microcontroller whether a first abnormal situation occurs based on the first status information; providing a first warning message to the baseboard management controller through a direct communication interface between the baseboard management controller and the microcontroller based on determining that the first abnormal situation occurs; and performing a first preventive measure by the baseboard management controller based on the first warning message.

[0009] According to one aspect of an example embodiment, an electronic device includes: a host device including a processor, a baseboard management controller, a cooling device, and a power supply device; and a storage device including a storage controller configured to communicate directly with the processor through a first communication interface, a microcontroller configured to communicate directly with the baseboard management controller through a second communication interface different from the first communication interface, and a sensor device. The baseboard management controller is configured to: obtain first status information corresponding to a first monitoring operation for the cooling device or the power supply device; determine whether a first abnormal situation occurs based on the first status information; and provide a first warning message to the microcontroller through the second communication interface based on the determination that the first abnormal situation occurs. The microcontroller is configured to: obtain second status information corresponding to a second monitoring operation for the sensor device; determine whether a second abnormal situation occurs based on the second status information; and provide a second warning message to the baseboard management controller through the second communication interface based on the determination that the second abnormal situation occurs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The above and other aspects and features will become more apparent from the following description of example embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0011] Figure 1is a block diagram of an electronic device according to example embodiments.

[0012] Figure 2 is a detailed illustration according to some example embodiments Figure 1 Block diagram of an electronic device.

[0013] Figure 3 are diagrams for describing methods of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments.

[0014] Figure 4 are diagrams for describing methods of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments.

[0015] Figure 5 are diagrams for describing methods of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments.

[0016] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device in a multi-storage environment according to some example embodiments.

[0017] Figure 7 is a detailed illustration according to some example embodiments Figure 6 Block diagram of an electronic device.

[0018] Figure 8 is a description of operations according to some example embodiments Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a method for an electronic device.

[0019] Fig. 9 is a description of operations according to some example embodiments Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a method for an electronic device.

[0020] Fig.10 are diagrams describing a layout of an electronic device according to some example embodiments.

[0021] Fig.11 is a flowchart describing a method of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments.

[0022] Fig.12 is a flowchart describing a method of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Hereinafter, example embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an example embodiment. Figure 1, the electronic device 100 may include a host device 110 and a storage device 120. The electronic device 100 may refer to a device configured to manage a large amount of user data UD, such as a storage system, a server system, or a database server. The user data UD may include a variety of information to be provided to the user, such as images, videos, texts, and voices.

[0025] The host device 110 may control the overall operation of the electronic device 100. For example, the host device 110 may store the user data UD in the storage device 120, may read the user data UD stored in the storage device 120, or may manage the hardware information of the storage device 120, which may be used to maintain the reliability of the user data UD stored in the storage device 120.

[0026] The hardware information may indicate characteristics of the physical environment of the electronic device 100. For example, the hardware information indicates sensed values ​​of characteristics of the physical environment (such as temperature, voltage, current, and humidity), may include reliability information such as program / erase (P / E) cycles, program count information, erase count information, read count information, error bit count information, and threshold voltage distribution information, or may include a result of analyzing the sensed values ​​or reliability information (e.g., a warning message according to a hardware failure).

[0027] The host device 110 may include a processor 111 and a baseboard management controller (BMC) 112. The processor 111 and the BMC 112 may communicate with each other.

[0028] The processor 111 may control the user data UD to be stored in the storage device 120, or may control the user data UD stored in the storage device 120 to be read. For example, the processor 111 may be implemented using a central processing unit (CPU). The processor 111 may execute an operating system (OS), and the operating system may support in-band communication with the storage device 120. The in-band communication may use a direct communication interface between the processor 111 of the host device 110 and the storage controller 121 of the storage device 120, and may be compatible with the operating system (OS).

[0029] The BMC 112 may manage hardware information of the storage device 120. For example, the BMC 112 may receive hardware information from a microcontroller unit (MCU) 123, or may provide hardware information to the MCU 123. The BMC 112 may support out-of-band communication with the storage device 120. The out-of-band communication may use a direct communication interface between the BMC 112 of the host device 110 and the MCU 123 of the storage device 120, and may operate independently of an operating system (OS) executable by the processor 111 of the host device 110. A communication interface for out-of-band communication may be provided independently of a communication interface for in-band communication.

[0030] In some example embodiments, the communication interface for out-of-band communication may support multiple protocols. For example, the communication interface for out-of-band communication may include at least one of multiple protocols such as the Open Computer Project (OCP) standard, the Platform Level Data Model (PLDM) standard, the Network Controller Sideband Interface (NC-SI) standard, the Redfish standard, the Non-Volatile Memory Express Management Interface (NVMe_MI) standard, and the Management Component Transport Protocol (MCTP) standard.

[0031] The storage device 120 may include a storage controller 121 , a nonvolatile memory device 122 , an MCU 123 , and a sensor device 124 .

[0032] The storage controller 121 may control the overall operation of the storage device 120 under the control of the processor 111. For example, under the control of the processor 111, the storage controller 121 may store the user data UD in the non-volatile memory device 122, may read the user data UD stored in the non-volatile memory device 122, or may communicate with the MCU 123. The storage controller 121 may also be referred to as a "main controller of the storage device 120". The storage controller 121 may support in-band communication with the processor 111 of the host device 110.

[0033] In some example embodiments, the storage controller 121 may include a buffer memory. The buffer memory may be implemented using a volatile memory device that loses data stored therein when power is turned off, such as a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM). The buffer memory may buffer user data UD received from the host device 110, and may provide the buffered user data UD to the nonvolatile memory device 122. Alternatively, the buffer memory may buffer user data UD received from the nonvolatile memory device 122, and may provide the buffered user data UD to the host device 110.

[0034] The nonvolatile memory device 122 may store user data UD under the control of the storage controller 121, or may provide the user data UD to the storage controller 121. In some example embodiments, the nonvolatile memory device 122 may be a NAND flash memory device, but example embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the nonvolatile memory device 122 may be one of various storage devices that can retain data stored therein even when power is off, such as a phase change random access memory (PRAM), a magnetic random access memory (MRAM), a resistive random access memory (RRAM), and a ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM).

[0035] MCU 123 can manage hardware information of storage device 120. MCU 123 can include persistent memory. For example, persistent memory can be implemented using electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). Persistent memory can store hardware information, or can store user data buffered in storage controller 121 when an abnormal situation occurs. The abnormal situation can indicate a state where a physical defect occurs in hardware, such as a high temperature state or a state where a driving voltage is lower than a designed voltage (i.e., a threshold voltage). MCU 123 can communicate with storage controller 121 and sensor device 124. MCU 123 can support out-of-band communication with BMC 112 of host device 110.

[0036] The sensor device 124 may sense characteristics of the physical environment of the storage device 120 and may generate sensor data SD. The sensor data SD may include a sensed temperature value obtained by sensing the internal temperature of the storage device 120. The sensor data SD may include a sensed voltage level of a power supply voltage received from the host device 110. The sensor device 124 may provide the sensor data SD to the MCU 123. The MCU 123 may manage hardware information of the storage device 120 based on the sensor data SD.

[0037] In some example embodiments, the BMC 112 may determine whether an abnormal condition occurs (i.e., currently occurs) based on an internal monitoring operation of the host device 110. For example, the host device 110 may further include a cooling device and a power supply device for cooling the storage device 120. The BMC 112 may determine whether an abnormal condition occurs in the host device 110 by periodically monitoring the cooling device or the power supply device.

[0038] When it is determined that no abnormal situation has occurred (i.e., currently occurred), the BMC 112 may continue to perform monitoring operations. When it is determined that an abnormal situation has occurred (i.e., currently occurred), the BMC 112 may provide a warning message to the MCU 123 through out-of-band communication. The warning message may be a signal that provides a notification of the occurrence of an abnormal situation. The MCU 123 may perform preventive measures based on the warning message. The preventive measures may include operations to prevent damage to the user data UD stored in the storage device 120 (e.g., an uncorrectable error occurs) or to prevent physical damage to the hardware of the storage device 120. For example, the preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include adjusting the driving voltage level or the driving frequency of the storage device 120, or backing up the user data UD buffered in the storage controller 121.

[0039] In some example embodiments, the MCU 123 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the monitoring operation of the sensor device 124. For example, the MCU 123 may obtain sensor data SD of the sensor device 124 by periodically monitoring the sensor device 124. The MCU 123 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs in the storage device 120 based on the sensor data SD.

[0040] When it is determined that no abnormal situation occurs, MCU 123 may continue to perform monitoring operations. When it is determined that an abnormal situation occurs, MCU 123 may provide a warning message to BMC 112 through out-of-band communication. The warning message may be a signal that provides a notification of the occurrence of an abnormal situation. BMC 112 may perform preventive measures for preventing damage to hardware based on the warning message. For example, the preventive measures of BMC 112 may include increasing the drive level of the cooling device for cooling the storage device 120 or sending a warning message to the processor 111.

[0041] As described above, according to an example embodiment, the electronic device 100 may include a BMC 112 and an MCU 123 dedicated to hardware information. Each of the BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs in the electronic device 100, and when an abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 or the MCU 123 may send a warning message to the MCU 123 or the BMC 112 using out-of-band communication. Since the warning message about the hardware failure is sent using out-of-band communication instead of in-band communication, the electronic device 100 can quickly sense the hardware failure and can perform preventive measures in real time (e.g., with low latency). In addition, since the warning message is sent through out-of-band communication, the electronic device 100 can suppress the bandwidth consumption of the in-band communication caused by the management of the hardware information and suppress the reduction of the data transmission rate of the in-band communication.

[0042] Figure 2 is a detailed diagram illustrating some example embodiments Figure 1 Block diagram of an electronic device. Figure 2 , the electronic device 100 may include a host device 110 and a storage device 120. The host device 110 may include a processor 111, a BMC 112, a cooling device 113, and a power supply device 114. The processor 111 and the BMC 112 are similar to Figure 1 The processor 111 and the BMC 112 are described above, and therefore, additional description will be omitted to avoid redundancy.

[0043] The cooling device 113 may cool the storage device 120 under the control of the BMC 112. For example, the BMC 112 may periodically monitor the failure or abnormal operation of the cooling device 113. The BMC 112 may control the driving level of the cooling device 113. For example, as the driving level of the cooling device 113 increases, the cooling device 113 may cool the storage device 120 faster (i.e., strong cooling). Conversely, as the driving level of the cooling device 113 decreases, the cooling device 113 may cool the storage device 120 slower (i.e., weak cooling).

[0044] The cooling device 113 may be a fan device that physically provides low-temperature air to flow toward the storage device 120. However, example embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the cooling device 113 may be implemented to cool the storage device 120 in a liquid cooling method, and at this point, the cooling device 113 may control the flow of liquid.

[0045] The power supply device 114 may generate a power supply voltage Vdd based on external power, and may provide the power supply voltage Vdd to the storage device 120. The power supply voltage Vdd may be used to drive the storage device 120. The BMC 112 may periodically monitor a failure or abnormal operation of the power supply device 114. When the BMC 112 detects a failure or abnormal operation of the power supply device 114 through monitoring, the BMC 112 may provide a warning message to the processor 111 and the storage device 120.

[0046] The processor 111 may provide a warning message (eg, a message for providing a notification of power supply abnormality or warning other components of power supply abnormality) to other components in the host device 110 based on the warning message. The storage device 120 may perform preventive measures based on the warning message.

[0047] The power supply device 114 may include a plurality of voltage regulators and a plurality of power supply circuits. At least some of the plurality of power supply circuits may be redundant power supply circuits. Each of the plurality of power supply circuits may receive external power (i.e., external voltage), may generate internal power (i.e., internal voltage) based on the external power, and may provide the internal power to the associated voltage regulator. The associated voltage regulator may generate a power supply voltage by adjusting the internal power, and may provide the power supply voltage to the associated components.

[0048] For example, the power circuit of the power supply device 114 may receive an AC power voltage of 220V as external power, may generate a DC power voltage of 12V as internal power, and may provide the internal power to the first voltage regulator. The first voltage regulator may generate a power voltage Vdd of about 12V, about 5V, or about 3.3V based on the internal power, and may provide the power voltage Vdd to the power rail 126 of the storage device 120. The voltage level of the power voltage Vdd may be changed or modified differently according to the standard of the storage device 120.

[0049] As another example, the power circuit of the power supply device 114 may receive an AC power voltage of 220V as external power, may generate a DC power voltage of 12V as internal power, and may provide the internal power to the second voltage regulator. The second voltage regulator may generate a processor power voltage of about 1.2V or about 0.9V based on the internal power, and may provide the processor power voltage to the processor 111. The voltage level of the processor power voltage may be changed or modified differently according to the standard of the processor 111.

[0050] As another example, the power circuit of the power supply device 114 may receive an AC power voltage of 220V as external power, may generate a DC power voltage of 12V as internal power, and may provide the internal power to the third voltage regulator. The third voltage regulator may generate a BMC power voltage of about 3.3V or about 1.8V based on the internal power, and may provide the BMC power voltage to the BMC 112. The voltage level of the BMC power voltage may be variously changed or modified according to the standard of the BMC 112.

[0051] The storage device 120 may include a storage controller 121, a non-volatile memory device 122, an MCU 123, a sensor device 124, an electrolytic capacitor 125, a power rail 126, and a general purpose input / output (GPIO) circuit 127. The storage controller 121, the non-volatile memory device 122, and the MCU 123 are similar to Figure 1 The storage controller 121, the nonvolatile memory device 122 and the MCU 123 are described herein, and therefore, additional description will be omitted to avoid redundancy.

[0052] The sensor device 124 may include a temperature sensor 124a and a voltage sensor 124b. The temperature sensor 124a may sense the internal temperature of the storage device 120. The MCU 123 may receive a sensed temperature value indicating the temperature periodically sensed by the temperature sensor 124a, may compare the sensed temperature value with a threshold temperature value, and may determine whether an abnormal condition occurs based on the comparison result. The threshold temperature value may indicate a value that exceeds the designed temperature range of the storage device 120 and may be used to determine a high temperature condition.

[0053] The voltage sensor 124b may sense the voltage level of the power supply voltage Vdd received from the power supply device 114 through the power rail 126. The voltage level of the power supply voltage Vdd may fluctuate due to various factors such as a malfunction of the host device 110, damage to a power line for receiving the power supply voltage Vdd, and aging of the storage device 120. The MCU 123 may receive a sensed voltage level indicating a voltage level periodically sensed by the voltage sensor 124b, may compare the sensed voltage level with a threshold voltage level, and may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the comparison result. The threshold voltage level may indicate a voltage level of a designed voltage range of the storage device 120, and may be used to determine a low voltage situation or an abnormal voltage situation.

[0054] The electrolytic capacitor 125 may store a charge based on at least a portion of the power supply voltage Vdd received through the power rail 126, or may discharge the stored charge to any other component of the storage device 120. The electrolytic capacitor 125 may include an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte between the anode and the cathode. The life or performance of the electrolytic capacitor 125 may be reduced due to various factors such as the passage of time, overcharging, and high temperature. The MCU 123 may periodically monitor the life or performance of the electrolytic capacitor 125, and thus may determine whether an abnormal condition with respect to the electrolytic capacitor 125 occurs.

[0055] The power rail 126 may receive a power supply voltage Vdd from the power supply device 114 of the host device 110. The power rail 126 may provide the power supply voltage Vdd to the MCU 123 or any other component of the storage device 120. The MCU 123 may periodically monitor the physical state of the power rail 126, and thus may determine whether an abnormal condition with respect to the power rail 126 occurs.

[0056] The GPIO circuit 127 may include a pin for transmitting a general purpose input / output signal. The GPIO circuit 127 may be connected to the MCU 123. The MCU 123 may periodically monitor the physical state of the GPIO circuit 127 itself or the physical state of the electrical signal transmitted by the GPIO circuit 127, and thus may determine whether an abnormality with respect to the GPIO circuit 127 occurs.

[0057] Figure 3 is a diagram describing a method of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments. Figure 3 , the electronic device 100 may include a host device 110 and a storage device 120. The host device 110 may include a processor 111, a BMC 112, and a cooling device 113. The storage device 120 may include a storage controller 121, a non-volatile memory device 122, and an MCU 123. The storage controller 121 may include a buffer memory. The MCU 123 may include a persistent memory.

[0058] The processor 111 and the storage controller 121 may communicate with each other through a direct communication interface. The processor 111 and the storage controller 121 may support in-band communication.

[0059] The BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may communicate with each other through a direct communication interface. The BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0060] Next, a method in which the electronic device 100 operates based on monitoring of the cooling device 113 of the host device 110 will be described.

[0061] In the first operation ①, the BMC 112 may obtain the status information SI by monitoring the cooling device 113. The cooling device 113 may cool the storage device 120 under the control of the BMC 112. The status information SI may include operation status information of the cooling device 113. The operation status information may indicate whether a fault occurs in the cooling device 113, or may indicate whether the cooling device 113 operates abnormally (for example, whether the level of airflow caused by the fan device is weaker than the designed level).

[0062] In the second operation ②, the BMC 112 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the state information SI. The abnormal situation may indicate a failure or abnormal operation of the cooling device 113. When it is determined that no abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may continue to perform the monitoring operation. When the BMC 112 determines that an abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may generate a warning message WM for notifying the MCU 123 of the abnormal situation.

[0063] In the third operation ③, the BMC 112 may provide a warning message WM to the MCU 123. In detail, in response to determining that an abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may provide a warning message WM to the MCU 123 through a direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123. The direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0064] In the fourth operation ④, the MCU 123 may perform preventive measures based on the warning message WM. For example, the preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include adjusting the driving voltage level or driving frequency of the storage device 120 for thermal management. As another example, to prevent the loss of user data currently processed according to a read operation or a write operation, the preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include backing up the user data buffered in the storage controller 121.

[0065] In some example embodiments, the preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include entering a dynamic thermal throttling (DTT) operation. The DTT operation may refer to an operation of dynamically increasing or decreasing a driving voltage level or a driving frequency so that a data processing speed is optimized within a limited temperature range. The persistent memory of the MCU 123 may store instructions for the DTT operation. The MCU 123 may enter the DTT operation based on the warning message WM by executing instructions stored in the persistent memory.

[0066] In some example embodiments, the preventive measure of the MCU 123 may include dumping the user data being processed to the non-volatile memory device 122. For example, while the buffer memory of the storage controller 121 buffers the user data according to the read operation or the write operation, the MCU 123 may receive a warning message WM from the BMC 112. The MCU 123 may provide a backup request to the storage controller 121 based on the warning message WM. The storage controller 121 may store the user data buffered in the buffer memory in the non-volatile memory device 122 based on the backup request.

[0067] In some example embodiments, the preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include dumping the user data being processed to the persistent memory of the MCU 123. For example, while the buffer memory of the storage controller 121 buffers the user data according to the read operation or the write operation, the MCU 123 may receive a warning message WM from the BMC 112. The MCU 123 may provide a backup request to the storage controller 121 based on the warning message WM. The storage controller 121 may store the user data buffered in the buffer memory in the persistent memory of the MCU 123 based on the backup request.

[0068] Figure 4 is a diagram describing a method of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments. Figure 4 , the electronic device 100 may include a host device 110 and a storage device 120. The host device 110 may include a processor 111, a BMC 112, and a power supply device 114. The storage device 120 may include a storage controller 121, a non-volatile memory device 122, an MCU 123, and a power rail 126. The power supply device 114 may include a first power supply circuit PSU1 and a second power supply circuit PSU2. The storage controller 121 may include a buffer memory. The MCU 123 may include a persistent memory.

[0069] The processor 111 and the storage controller 121 may communicate with each other through a direct communication interface. The processor 111 and the storage controller 121 may support in-band communication.

[0070] The BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may communicate with each other through a direct communication interface. The BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0071] Next, a method in which the electronic device 100 operates based on monitoring of the power supply device 114 of the host device 110 will be described.

[0072] In the first operation ①, the BMC 112 may obtain the state information SI by monitoring the power supply device 114. The power supply device 114 may provide the power supply voltage Vdd to the power rail 126 by using the first power supply circuit PSU1 and the second power supply circuit PSU2. The second power supply circuit PSU2 may be a redundant power supply circuit. For example, when the second power supply circuit PSU2 fails, the first power supply circuit PSU1 may normally provide the power supply voltage Vdd to the power rail 126. However, later, when the first power supply circuit PSU1 fails, a sudden power off (SPO) event may occur in the storage device 120. That is, the failure of the redundant power supply circuit may indicate a situation where the possibility of the occurrence of the SPO event is high.

[0073] The status information SI may include operating status information of the power supply device 114. The operating status information may indicate whether a fault occurs in the power supply device 114, or may indicate whether the power supply device 114 operates abnormally. The abnormal operation of the power supply device 114 may include a fault or abnormal operation of a redundant power supply circuit in the power supply device 114.

[0074] In the second operation ②, the BMC 112 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the state information SI. The abnormal situation may indicate a failure or abnormal operation of the power supply device 114. When it is determined that no abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may continue to perform the monitoring operation. When the BMC 112 determines that an abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may generate a warning message WM for notifying the MCU 123 of the abnormal situation.

[0075] In the third operation ③, the BMC 112 may provide a warning message WM to the MCU 123. In detail, in response to determining that an abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may provide a warning message WM to the MCU 123 through a direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123. The direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0076] In the fourth operation ④, the MCU 123 may perform preventive measures based on the warning message WM. For example, to prevent the loss of user data currently being processed according to a read operation or a write operation, the preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include backing up the user data buffered in the storage controller 121.

[0077] In some example embodiments, the preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include dumping the user data being processed to the non-volatile memory device 122 or the persistent memory of the MCU 123. For example, while the buffer memory of the storage controller 121 buffers the user data, the MCU 123 may receive a warning message WM from the BMC 112. The MCU 123 may provide a backup request to the storage controller 121 based on the warning message WM. The storage controller 121 may store the user data buffered in the buffer memory in the non-volatile memory device 122 or the MCU 123 based on the backup request.

[0078] Figure 5 is a diagram describing a method of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments. Figure 5 , the electronic device 100 may include a host device 110 and a storage device 120. The host device 110 may include a processor 111, a BMC 112, a cooling device 113, and a power supply device 114. The storage device 120 may include a storage controller 121, an MCU 123, and a sensor device 124. The MCU 123 may include a persistent memory. The sensor device 124 may include a temperature sensor 124a and a voltage sensor 124b.

[0079] The processor 111 and the storage controller 121 may communicate with each other through a direct communication interface. The processor 111 and the storage controller 121 may support in-band communication.

[0080] The BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may communicate with each other through a direct communication interface. The BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0081] Next, a method by which the electronic device 100 operates based on monitoring of the sensor device 124 of the storage device 120 will be described.

[0082] In the first operation ①, the MCU 123 may obtain the state information SI through the monitoring operation of the sensor device 124. The temperature sensor 124a of the sensor device 124 may sense the internal temperature of the storage device 120 and may generate a sensed temperature value. The voltage sensor 124b of the sensor device 124 may sense the power supply voltage Vdd received from the power supply device 114 and may generate a sensed voltage level. The state information SI may include a sensed temperature value indicating the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor 124a or a sensed voltage level indicating the voltage level sensed by the voltage sensor 124b.

[0083] In the second operation ②, the MCU 123 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the status information SI. The persistent memory of the MCU 123 may store instructions corresponding to an algorithm for determining whether an abnormal situation occurs. As the MCU 123 executes the instructions of the persistent memory, the MCU 123 may periodically receive the status information SI from the sensor device 124, and may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the status information SI and the instructions. When it is determined that no abnormal situation occurs, the MCU 123 may continue to perform the monitoring operation. When the MCU 123 determines that an abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may generate a warning message WM for notifying the BMC 112 of the abnormal situation.

[0084] In some example embodiments, the MCU 123 may sense an abnormal condition regarding temperature. In detail, the state information SI may include a sensed temperature value. The MCU 123 may compare the sensed temperature value with a threshold temperature value based on the state information SI and an instruction stored in a persistent memory, and when the sensed temperature value is greater than the threshold temperature value, the MCU 123 may generate a warning message WM. That is, the abnormal condition may represent a high temperature condition, and the abnormal condition may indicate that the sensed temperature value is greater than the threshold temperature value.

[0085] In some example embodiments, the MCU 123 may sense an abnormal situation regarding voltage. In detail, the state information SI may include a sensed voltage level. The MCU 123 may compare the sensed voltage level with a threshold voltage level based on the state information SI and an instruction stored in a persistent memory, and when the sensed voltage level is lower than the threshold voltage level, the MCU 123 may generate a warning message WM. That is, the abnormal situation may indicate a low voltage or abnormal voltage situation, and the abnormal situation may indicate that the sensed voltage level is lower than the threshold voltage level.

[0086] In the third operation ③, the MCU 123 may provide a warning message WM to the BMC 112. In detail, in response to determining that an abnormal situation occurs, the MCU 123 may provide a warning message WM to the BMC 112 through a direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123. The direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0087] In some example embodiments, the warning message WM may indicate an abnormal condition regarding temperature, may indicate an abnormal condition regarding voltage, or may indicate an abnormal condition regarding both temperature and voltage.

[0088] In the fourth operation ④, the BMC 112 may perform preventive measures based on the warning message WM. For example, when the warning message WM indicates an abnormal situation regarding temperature, the preventive measures of the BMC 112 may include increasing the driving level of the cooling device 113 for thermal management. As another example, when the warning message WM indicates an abnormal situation regarding voltage, the preventive measures of the BMC 112 may include sending a warning message to the processor 111 at the BMC 112, and sending a related warning message to each of the remaining components of the host device 110 at the processor 111 based on the warning message.

[0089] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device in a multi-storage environment according to some example embodiments. Figure 6 , the electronic device 1000 may be implemented in a multi-storage environment. The multi-storage environment may refer to an environment in which multiple storage devices are used. The electronic device 1000 may include a host device 1100 and multiple storage devices 1210 to 12N0. The multiple storage devices 1210 to 12N0 may also be referred to as "N storage devices". Here, "N" is a natural number greater than 1.

[0090] The host device 1100 may support in-band communication and out-of-band communication for each of the plurality of storage devices 1210 to 12N0.

[0091] The host device 1100 may include a processor 1110 and a BMC 1120. The processor 1110 and the BMC 1120 may correspond to Figure 1 The processor 111 and the BMC 112 are provided.

[0092] The first storage device 1210 may include a storage controller 1211 and an MCU 1213. The storage controller 1211 and the MCU 1213 may correspond to Figure 1 The processor 1110 of the host device 1100 and the storage controller 1211 of the first storage device 1210 may directly communicate with each other through a first communication interface supporting in-band communication. The BMC 1120 of the host device 1100 and the MCU 1213 of the first storage device 1210 may directly communicate with each other through a second communication interface supporting out-of-band communication.

[0093] As described above, the second storage device 1220 may include a storage controller 1221 and an MCU 1223. The storage controller 1221 and the MCU 1223 may be similar to the storage controller 1211 and the MCU 1213, respectively. The processor 1110 and the storage controller 1221 may communicate directly with each other via a third communication interface supporting in-band communication. The BMC 1120 and the MCU 1223 may communicate directly with each other via a fourth communication interface supporting out-of-band communication.

[0094] Similarly, the Nth storage device 12N0 may include a storage controller 12N1 and an MCU 12N3. The storage controller 12N1 and the MCU 12N3 may be similar to the storage controller 1211 and the MCU 1213, respectively. The processor 1110 and the storage controller 12N1 may communicate directly with each other via a communication interface supporting in-band communication. The BMC 1120 and the MCU 12N3 may communicate directly with each other via a communication interface supporting out-of-band communication.

[0095] Figure 7 is a detailed illustration according to some example embodiments Figure 6 Block diagram of an electronic device. Figure 7 , the electronic device 1000 may include a host device 1100 and a storage side 1200. The host device 1100 may include a processor 1110, a BMC 1120, and first to third cooling devices 1131 to 1133. The storage side 1200 may include first to sixth storage devices 1210 to 1260.

[0096] The first storage device 1210 may include a storage controller 1211, a non-volatile memory device 1212, and an MCU 1213. The storage controller 1211 and the processor 1110 may communicate directly with each other through in-band communication. The BMC 1120 and the MCU 1213 may communicate directly with each other through out-of-band communication. As described above, each of the second storage device 1220 to the sixth storage device 1260 may include a corresponding storage controller, a corresponding non-volatile memory device, and a corresponding MCU.

[0097] The first cooling device 1131 may cool the first storage device 1210 and the second storage device 1220 provided in the first cooling zone CR1 under the control of the BMC 1120. The influence of the cooling operation of the first cooling device 1131 on the second cooling zone CR2 and the third cooling zone CR3 may be small. For example, the first cooling device 1131 may be implemented using a fan device, and the first cooling zone CR1 may represent a physical space to which the cold air flowing due to the first cooling device 1131 is directed. For better understanding, the first cooling zone CR1 is shown as including the first storage device 1210 and the second storage device 1220, but one cooling zone may include various numbers of storage devices, for example, one cooling zone may include more than two storage devices or less than two storage devices.

[0098] As described above, the second cooling device 1132 may cool the third storage device 1230 and the fourth storage device 1240 disposed in the second cooling region CR2 under the control of the BMC 1120. The third cooling device 1133 may cool the fifth storage device 1250 and the sixth storage device 1260 disposed in the third cooling region CR3 under the control of the BMC 1120.

[0099] Figure 8 is a description of operations according to some example embodiments Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a method for an electronic device. Figure 8 , the electronic device 1000 may include a host device 1100 and a storage side 1200. The host device 1100 may include a processor 1110, a BMC 1120, a first cooling device 1131, and a second cooling device 1132. The storage side 1200 may include first to third storage devices 1210 to 1230.

[0100] The first storage device 1210 may include a storage controller 1211 and an MCU 1213. The second storage device 1220 may include a storage controller 1221 and an MCU 1223. The third storage device 1230 may include a storage controller 1231 and an MCU 1233.

[0101] The processor 1110 and the storage controller 1211 may communicate directly with each other through a first communication interface. The BMC 1120 and the MCU 1213 may communicate directly with each other through a second communication interface. The processor 1110 and the storage controller 1221 may communicate directly with each other through a third communication interface. The BMC 1120 and the MCU 1223 may communicate directly with each other through a fourth communication interface. The processor 1110 and the storage controller 1231 may communicate directly with each other through a fifth communication interface. The BMC 1120 and the MCU 1233 may communicate directly with each other through a sixth communication interface.

[0102] In this case, the first communication interface to the sixth communication interface can be implemented independently of each other. The first communication interface, the third communication interface and the fifth communication interface can support in-band communication. The second communication interface, the fourth communication interface and the sixth communication interface can support out-of-band communication.

[0103] The first cooling device 1131 may cool the first storage device 1210 and the second storage device 1220 disposed in the first cooling region CR1. The first storage device 1210 may be disposed physically adjacent to the second storage device 1220. The cooling operation of the first cooling device 1131 may have less influence on the third storage device 1230 disposed in the second cooling region CR2.

[0104] The second cooling device 1132 may cool the third storage device 1230 disposed in the second cooling region CR2. The third storage device 1230 may be disposed to be physically spaced apart from the first storage device 1210. The cooling operation of the second cooling device 1132 may have less influence on the first storage device 1210 and the second storage device 1220 disposed in the first cooling region CR1.

[0105] Hereinafter, a method of operating the electronic device 1000 based on monitoring of the first cooling device 1131 and the second cooling device 1132 performed by the host device 1100 under the multi-storage environment will be described.

[0106] In the first operation ①, the BMC 1120 may obtain first state information SI1 by monitoring the first cooling device 1131. The first state information SI1 may include first operation state information of the first cooling device 1131. The first operation state information may indicate whether a fault occurs in the first cooling device 1131, or may indicate whether the first cooling device 1131 operates abnormally.

[0107] In the second operation ②, the BMC 1120 may obtain second state information SI2 by monitoring the second cooling device 1132. The second state information SI2 may include second operation state information of the second cooling device 1132. The second operation state information may indicate whether a fault occurs in the second cooling device 1132, or may indicate whether the second cooling device 1132 operates abnormally.

[0108] In the third operation ③, the BMC 1120 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the first state information SI1 and the second state information SI2. For example, the first state information SI1 may indicate that the first cooling device 1131 fails or operates abnormally. The second state information SI2 may indicate that the second cooling device 1132 has no failure and operates normally. In this case, based on the first state information SI1 and the second state information SI2, the BMC 1120 may determine that an abnormal situation occurs in the first cooling device 1131 among the first cooling device 1131 and the second cooling device 1132.

[0109] The correlation of the abnormal situation regarding the first cooling device 1131 with the first storage device 1210 and the second storage device 1220 may be high, while the correlation of the abnormal situation regarding the first cooling device 1131 with the third storage device 1230 may be low. In response to determining that the abnormal situation regarding the first cooling device 1131 occurs, the BMC 1120 may generate a first warning message WM1 to be provided to the first storage device 1210 and a second warning message WM2 to be provided to the second storage device 1220. In this case, the BMC 1120 may not generate other warning messages (e.g., the third warning message) to be provided to the third storage device 1230 having a low correlation with the abnormal situation.

[0110] In the fourth operation ④, the BMC 1120 may provide the first warning message WM1 to the MCU 1213 of the first storage device 1210. In detail, in response to determining that an abnormal situation occurs in the first cooling device 1131, the BMC 1120 may provide the first warning message WM1 to the MCU 1213 through the second communication interface as a direct communication interface between the BMC 1120 and the MCU 1213. The MCU 1213 may perform preventive measures based on the first warning message WM1. For example, the preventive measures of the MCU 1213 may include adjusting the driving voltage level or driving frequency of the first storage device 1210 or backing up the user data buffered in the storage controller 1211.

[0111] In the fifth operation ⑤, the BMC 1120 may provide the second warning message WM2 to the MCU 1223 of the second storage device 1220. In detail, in response to determining that an abnormal situation occurs in the second cooling device 1132, the BMC 1120 may provide the second warning message WM2 to the MCU 1223 through the fourth communication interface as a direct communication interface between the BMC 1120 and the MCU 1223. The MCU 1223 may perform preventive measures based on the second warning message WM2. For example, the preventive measures of the MCU 1223 may include adjusting the driving voltage level or driving frequency of the second storage device 1220, or backing up the user data buffered in the storage controller 1221.

[0112] Fig. 9 is a description of operations according to some example embodiments Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a diagram of a method for an electronic device. Fig. 9 , the electronic device 1000 may include a host device 1100 and a storage side 1200. The host device 1100 may include a processor 1110, a BMC 1120, a first cooling device 1131, and a second cooling device 1132. The storage side 1200 may include first to third storage devices 1210 to 1230.

[0113] The processor 1110, the BMC 1120, the first cooling device 1131, the second cooling device 1132, the first storage device 1210, the second storage device 1220 and the third storage device 1230 are similar to Figure 8 The processor 1110 , the BMC 1120 , the first cooling device 1131 , the second cooling device 1132 , the first storage device 1210 , the second storage device 1220 , and the third storage device 1230 , and thus additional description will be omitted to avoid redundancy.

[0114] The first storage device 1210 may include a storage controller 1211, an MCU 1213, and a sensor device 1214. The sensor device 1214 may sense characteristics of an internal physical environment of the first storage device 1210 (eg, temperature or voltage).

[0115] The second storage device 1220 may include a storage controller 1221, an MCU 1223, and a sensor device 1224. The sensor device 1224 may sense characteristics of an internal physical environment of the second storage device 1220.

[0116] The third storage device 1230 may include a storage controller 1231, an MCU 1233, and a sensor device 1234. The sensor device 1234 may sense characteristics of an internal physical environment of the third storage device 1230.

[0117] Next, a method of operating the electronic device 1000 based on monitoring of the sensor device 1214 by the storage side 1200 in a multi-storage environment will be described.

[0118] In the first operation ①, the MCU 1213 of the first storage device 1210 may obtain the state information SI through the monitoring operation of the sensor device 1214. The state information SI may include a sensed temperature value indicating a temperature sensed by the sensor device 1214.

[0119] In the second operation ②, the MCU 1213 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs in the first storage device 1210 based on the state information SI. For example, the state information SI may include a sensed temperature value. The MCU 1213 may compare the sensed temperature value with a threshold temperature value, and when the sensed temperature value is greater than the threshold temperature value, the MCU 1213 may generate a first warning message WM1. The first warning message WM1 may indicate that an abnormal situation occurs in the first storage device 1210.

[0120] In the third operation ③, the MCU 1213 may provide the first warning message WM1 to the BMC 1120. In detail, in response to determining that an abnormal situation occurs in the first storage device 1210, the MCU 1213 may provide the first warning message WM1 to the BMC 1120 through the direct communication interface between the BMC 1120 and the MCU 1213. The direct communication interface between the BMC 1120 and the MCU 1213 may support out-of-band communication.

[0121] As an example, a description will be given based on the first storage device 1210 performing monitoring of the sensor device 1214, but example embodiments are not limited thereto. As in the above description, the second storage device 1220 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on monitoring of the sensor device 1224, and when it is determined that an abnormal situation occurs, the second storage device 1220 may provide a related warning message to the BMC 1120 using out-of-band communication. The third storage device 1230 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on monitoring of the sensor device 1234, and when it is determined that an abnormal situation occurs, the third storage device 1230 may provide a related warning message to the BMC 1120 using out-of-band communication.

[0122] The BMC 1120 may perform preventive measures based on the first warning message WM1. The preventive measures of the BMC 1120 may include a fourth operation ④ and a fifth operation ⑤.

[0123] In the fourth operation ④, the BMC 1120 may control the first cooling device 1131 based on the first warning message WM1. For example, the first warning message WM1 may indicate an abnormal situation regarding the temperature of the first storage device 1210. The first cooling device 1131 may cool the first storage device 1210. The BMC 1120 may increase the driving level of the first cooling device 1131 based on the first warning message WM1, and thus may contribute to thermal management of the first storage device 1210 by increasing the airflow for the first cooling region CR1.

[0124] In the fifth operation ⑤, the BMC 1120 may generate a second warning message WM2 based on the first warning message WM1, and may provide the second warning message WM2 to the MCU 1223 of the second storage device 1220. For example, the second storage device 1220 may be provided to be physically adjacent to the first storage device 1210. When the temperature of the first storage device 1210 is high, there is a possibility that the temperature of the second storage device 1220 is high. The BMC 1120 may first provide the second warning message WM2 to the second storage device 1220 based on the first warning message WM1.

[0125] In detail, in response to receiving the first warning message WM1, the BMC 1120 may provide the second warning message WM2 to the MCU 1223 through the direct communication interface between the BMC 1120 and the MCU 1223. The direct communication interface between the BMC 1120 and the MCU 1223 may support out-of-band communication.

[0126] The MCU 1223 of the second storage device 1220 may perform a preventive measure based on the second warning message WM2. The preventive measure of the MCU 1223 may include adjusting a driving voltage level or a driving frequency of the second storage device 1220 or backing up user data buffered in the storage controller 1221.

[0127] Fig.10 is a diagram describing a layout of an electronic device according to some example embodiments. Fig.10 An example of a layout of the electronic device 2000 is described. The electronic device 2000 may include a main board and a back board. The main board and the back board may be electrically connected to each other.

[0128] The back panel of the electronic device 2000 may include first to eighth storage devices 2210 to 2280. Each of the first to eighth storage devices 2210 to 2280 may correspond to Figure 2 A storage device 120 is provided.

[0129] The first storage device 2210 to the eighth storage device 2280 can be connected to the PCIe jack on the backplane. The PCIe jack on the backplane can be electrically connected to the mainboard through the PCIe interface. In addition, each of the first storage device 2210 to the eighth storage device 2280 can include a corresponding storage controller that supports in-band communication using the CPU 2110 and a corresponding MCU that supports out-of-band communication using the BMC 2120.

[0130] The main board of the electronic device 2000 may include a first fan device 2131 and a second fan device 2132, a CPU 2110, a BMC 2120, and a power supply device 2114. The first fan device 2131 and the second fan device 2132 may correspond to Figure 2 The CPU 2110 may correspond to Figure 2 The BMC 2120 may correspond to the processor 111. Figure 2 The power supply device 2114 may correspond to the BMC 112. Figure 2 A power supply device 114 is provided.

[0131] The first fan device 2131 may cool the first storage devices 2210 to the fourth storage devices 2240 disposed in the first cooling region CR1. For example, the direction of the cold air flow may face the first fan device 2131 from the first storage devices 2210 to the fourth storage devices 2240. In this regard, air may flow from the first storage devices 2210 to the fourth storage devices 2240 to the first fan device 2131. However, example embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the first fan device 2131 may cause air to flow from the first fan device 2131 to the first storage devices 2210 to the fourth storage devices 2240, so that the first storage devices 2210 to the fourth storage devices 2240 are cooled.

[0132] The second fan device 2132 may cool the fifth storage device 2250 to the eighth storage device 2280 disposed in the second cooling region CR2. For example, the direction of the cold air flow may face the second fan device 2132 from the fifth storage device 2250 to the eighth storage device 2280. In this regard, air may flow from the fifth storage device 2250 to the eighth storage device 2280 to the second fan device 2132. However, example embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the second fan device 2132 may cause air to flow from the second fan device 2132 to the fifth storage device 2250 to the eighth storage device 2280, so that the fifth storage device 2250 to the eighth storage device 2280 are cooled.

[0133] The cold air introduced by the first and second fan devices 2131 and 2132 may be heated while passing through the storage devices 2210 to 2280 , and the hot air may be discharged to the outside through the side of the main board of the electronic device 2000 .

[0134] The power supply device 2114 may receive external power (e.g., AC power) from outside the electronic device 2000. The power supply device 2114 may include a plurality of power supply circuits (PSUs). The plurality of power supply circuits (PSUs) may generate a power supply voltage based on the external power, and may provide the power supply voltage to the first storage device 2210 to the eighth storage device 2280.

[0135] Fig.11 is a flowchart describing a method of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments. Fig.11 A method of operating the electronic device 100 according to some example embodiments is described. The electronic device 100 may include a BMC 112 and an MCU 123. The BMC 112 may correspond to Figures 1 to 5 The BMC 112. The MCU 123 may correspond to Figures 1 to 5 MCU 123.

[0136] In operation S110, the BMC 112 may obtain the status information SI through monitoring operation. For example, the BMC 112 may obtain the status information SI by monitoring the cooling device or the power supply device in the host device of the electronic device 100. The status information SI may indicate whether the cooling device or the power supply device fails or operates abnormally.

[0137] In operation S120, the BMC 112 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the state information SI. The abnormal situation may indicate a failure or abnormal operation of a cooling device or a power supply device of the electronic device 100. When it is determined that the abnormal situation does not occur, the BMC 112 may perform operation S110 again. When it is determined that the abnormal situation occurs, the BMC 112 may perform operation S130.

[0138] In operation S130, the BMC 112 may provide a warning message WM to the MCU 123 through a direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123. The direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0139] In operation S140, the MCU 123 may perform preventive measures based on the warning message WM. The preventive measures of the MCU 123 may include adjusting a driving voltage level or driving frequency of the storage device of the electronic device 100, or backing up user data buffered in a buffer memory of a storage controller included in the storage device of the electronic device 100.

[0140] Fig.12 is a flowchart describing a method of operating an electronic device according to some example embodiments. Fig.12 A method of operating the electronic device 100 according to some example embodiments is described. The electronic device 100 may include a BMC 112 and an MCU 123. The BMC 112 may correspond to Figures 1 to 5 The BMC 112. The MCU 123 may correspond to Figures 1 to 5 MCU 123.

[0141] In operation S210, the MCU 123 may obtain the state information SI through a monitoring operation. For example, the MCU 123 may obtain the state information SI by monitoring a sensor device in a storage device of the electronic device 100. The state information SI may include a sensed temperature value indicating a temperature sensed by the sensor device, or a sensed voltage level indicating a voltage level sensed by the sensor device.

[0142] In operation S220, the MCU 123 may determine whether an abnormal situation occurs based on the state information SI. The abnormal situation may indicate that the sensed temperature value of the storage device of the electronic device 100 is higher than the threshold temperature value, or the sensed voltage level of the power supply voltage of the storage device of the electronic device 100 is lower than the threshold voltage level. When it is determined that the abnormal situation does not occur, the MCU 123 may perform operation S210 again. When it is determined that the abnormal situation occurs, the MCU 123 may perform operation S230.

[0143] In operation S230, the MCU 123 may provide the warning message WM to the BMC 112 through the direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123. The direct communication interface between the BMC 112 and the MCU 123 may support out-of-band communication.

[0144] In operation S240, the BMC 112 may perform a preventive measure based on the warning message WM. The preventive measure of the BMC 112 may include increasing a driving level of a cooling device included in a host device of the electronic device 100. Alternatively, the preventive measure of the BMC 112 may include sending a first warning message to a processor based on the warning message WM of the electronic device 100, and sending a second warning message to the remaining components in the host device by the processor.

[0145] According to example embodiments, an electronic device providing a warning message through a communication interface and an operating method thereof are provided.

[0146] In addition, an electronic device and an operating method thereof are provided that quickly sense hardware failures, perform preventive measures in real time, and suppress bandwidth consumption of in-band communication and suppress reduction in data transmission rate in in-band communication by sending a warning message via a direct communication interface between a BMC and an MCU.

[0147] While aspects of the example embodiments have been described, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for operating an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a host device and a first storage device, in, The host device includes a processor and a baseboard management controller, and the first storage device includes a first storage controller and a first microcontroller, and the method includes: The baseboard management controller performs a first monitoring operation to obtain first status information; Determining by the baseboard management controller whether a first abnormal situation occurs based on the first status information; providing, by the baseboard management controller, a first warning message to the first microcontroller through a first communication interface based on determining that the first abnormal condition occurs, wherein the first communication interface is a direct communication interface between the baseboard management controller and the first microcontroller; and A first preventive measure is performed by the first microcontroller based on the first warning message.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: controlling the processor and the first storage controller to communicate with each other through a second communication interface, and The second communication interface is a direct communication interface between the processor and the first storage controller, and the second communication interface is different from the first communication interface.

3. The method according to claim 2, in, The first communication interface supports out-of-band communication, and Wherein, the second communication interface supports in-band communication.

4. The method according to claim 1, in, The host device further includes a cooling device configured to cool the first storage device. wherein the first state information includes first operating state information corresponding to the cooling device, and Wherein, the first abnormal condition indicates a failure or abnormal operation of the cooling device.

5. The method according to claim 4, in, The first microcontroller executing the first preventive measure based on the first warning message includes: The first microcontroller adjusts a driving voltage level or a driving frequency of the first storage device based on the first warning message; or A backup request is provided to the first storage controller based on the first warning message to control the first storage controller to back up the buffered user data.

6. The method according to claim 5, in, Adjusting, by the first microcontroller, the driving voltage level or the driving frequency of the first storage device based on the first warning message includes: starting, by the first microcontroller, a dynamic thermal throttling operation based on the first warning message.

7. The method according to claim 5, in, The first microcontroller executing the first preventive measure based on the first warning message includes: storing, by the first storage controller, the buffered user data in a non-volatile memory device of the first storage device based on the backup request; or The buffered user data is provided by the first storage controller to a persistent memory of the first microcontroller based on the backup request.

8. The method according to claim 4, in, The electronic device further comprises a second storage device adjacent to the first storage device, Wherein, the second storage device includes a second storage controller and a second microcontroller, Wherein, the cooling device is further configured to cool the second storage device, and Wherein, the method further comprises: providing, by the baseboard management controller, a second warning message to the second microcontroller through a third communication interface based on determining that the first abnormal condition occurs, wherein the third communication interface is a direct communication interface between the baseboard management controller and the second microcontroller; and A second preventive measure is performed by the second microcontroller based on the second warning message.

9. The method according to claim 1, in, The host device further includes a power supply device configured to provide a power supply voltage to the first storage device, wherein the first status information includes second operation status information corresponding to the power supply device, and Wherein, the first abnormal condition indicates a failure or abnormal operation of the power supply device.

10. The method according to claim 9, in, Executing the first preventive measure based on the first warning message includes: providing, by the first microcontroller, a backup request to the first storage controller based on the first warning message, so as to control the first storage controller to back up the buffered user data.

11. The method according to claim 10, in, Executing the first preventive measure based on the first warning message includes: storing, by the first storage controller, the buffered user data in a non-volatile memory device of the first storage device based on the backup request; or The buffered user data is provided, by the first storage controller, to a persistent memory of the first storage controller based on the backup request.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: The first microcontroller performs a second monitoring operation to obtain second status information; determining, by the first microcontroller based on the second status information, whether a second abnormal situation occurs; providing, by the first microcontroller, a third warning message to the baseboard management controller through the first communication interface based on determining that the second abnormal condition occurs; as well as A third preventive measure is performed by the baseboard management controller based on the third warning message.

13. The method according to claim 12, in, The host device further includes a cooling device configured to cool the first storage device. Wherein, the first storage device further comprises a temperature sensor configured to sense the temperature of the first storage device, wherein the second state information indicates a sensed temperature value indicating the temperature, wherein the second abnormal condition indicates that the sensed temperature value is greater than a threshold temperature value, and Wherein, executing the third preventive measure includes: increasing the driving level of the cooling device.

14. The method according to claim 13, in, The electronic device further comprises a second storage device adjacent to the first storage device, Wherein, the second storage device comprises a second storage controller and a second microcontroller, and Wherein, the method further comprises: The baseboard management controller provides a fourth warning message to the second microcontroller through a third communication interface based on the third warning message, wherein the third communication interface is a direct communication interface between the baseboard management controller and the second microcontroller; and A fourth preventive measure is performed by the second microcontroller based on the fourth warning message.

15. The method according to claim 12, in, The host device further includes a power supply device configured to provide a power supply voltage to the first storage device, The first storage device further comprises a voltage sensor configured to sense a voltage level of the power supply voltage received from the power supply device, wherein the second state information indicates the voltage level sensed by the voltage sensor, wherein the second abnormal condition indicates that the voltage level is lower than a threshold voltage level, and Wherein, executing the third preventive measure includes: sending a fourth warning message to the processor based on the third warning message.

16. A method for operating an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a host device and a storage device, in, The host device includes a processor and a baseboard management controller, and the storage device includes a storage controller and a microcontroller, and the method includes: The microcontroller performs a first monitoring operation to obtain first status information; Determining by the microcontroller whether a first abnormal situation occurs based on the first status information; providing, by the baseboard management controller, a first warning message to the baseboard management controller through a direct communication interface between the baseboard management controller and the microcontroller based on determining that the first abnormal condition occurs; and A first preventive measure is performed by the baseboard management controller based on the first warning message.

17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising: include: The baseboard management controller performs a second monitoring operation to obtain second status information; Determining by the baseboard management controller whether a second abnormal situation occurs based on the second status information; providing, by the baseboard management controller, a second warning message to the microcontroller via the direct communication interface in response to determining that the second abnormal condition occurs; as well as A second preventive measure is performed by the microcontroller based on the second warning message.

18. An electronic device, include: A host device including a processor, a baseboard management controller, a cooling device, and a power supply device; as well as a storage device comprising a storage controller configured to communicate directly with the processor via a first communication interface, a microcontroller configured to communicate directly with the baseboard management controller via a second communication interface different from the first communication interface, and a sensor device, Wherein, the baseboard management controller is configured as: obtaining first status information corresponding to a first monitoring operation on the cooling device or the power supply device; determining whether a first abnormal situation occurs based on the first state information; and providing a first warning message to the microcontroller via the second communication interface based on determining that the first abnormal condition occurs, and Wherein, the microcontroller is configured as: obtaining second status information corresponding to a second monitoring operation on the sensor device; determining whether a second abnormal situation occurs based on the second state information; and A second warning message is provided to the baseboard management controller through the second communication interface based on determining that the second abnormal condition occurs.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, in, The first status information includes first operating status information corresponding to the cooling device or second operating status information corresponding to the power supply device, wherein the first abnormal condition indicates a failure or abnormal operation of the cooling device or the power supply device, and Wherein, the microcontroller is further configured as: adjusting a driving voltage level or a driving frequency of the storage device based on the first warning message; or A backup request is provided to the storage controller based on the first warning message to control the buffered user data to be backed up.

20. The electronic device according to claim 18, in, The sensor device comprises a temperature sensor and a voltage sensor, The second state information indicates a sensed temperature value indicating a temperature sensed by the temperature sensor or a voltage level sensed by the voltage sensor. wherein the second abnormal condition indicates that the sensed temperature value is greater than a threshold temperature value or the voltage level is lower than a threshold voltage level, and Wherein, the baseboard management controller is further configured as: increasing the driving level of the cooling device based on the second warning message; or A third warning message is sent to the processor based on the second warning message.

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